Characteristic analysis method and device based on ray domain orientation elastic impedance and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a characteristic analysis method and device based on ray domain azimuth elastic impedance and a medium, an anisotropic rock physical model is constructed by acquiring logging data on the premise of not depending on multi-wave multi-component or pure shear wave seismic data, and based on crack filler of the anisotropic rock physical model, the characteristic analysis method and device based on the ray domain azimuth elastic impedance are obtained. Calculating normal weakness, tangential weakness and anisotropy parameters of the underground medium; based on anisotropic parameters, a ray domain elastic impedance expression is deduced, an azimuthal anisotropic ray domain elastic impedance model is constructed, an impedance body is obtained based on the azimuthal anisotropic ray domain elastic impedance model, anisotropic characteristic analysis is carried out, an analysis result of underground geological characteristics is obtained, and the stability of anisotropic parameter inversion is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seismic fracture prediction, and particularly relates to a method, device and medium for feature analysis based on ray-domain azimuthal elastic impedance. Background Art

[0002] In the existing data processing, the research on azimuthal elastic impedance mainly includes the standard elastic impedance expression. The standard elastic impedance expression normalizes the equation. From practical applications, it can be obtained that this normalization processing will cause huge errors in areas with large fluctuations in velocity and anisotropy. The value range of AEI will be greatly restricted, resulting in instability of the value range of AEI with the change of angle. It is not conducive to subsequent data processing and further analysis. On this basis, based on the anisotropy theory and ray elastic impedance theory, the expression of ray-domain azimuthal anisotropic elastic impedance is derived, which is beneficial to the stability of the azimuthal elastic impedance value range, and at the same time, other unknown parameters can be calculated by an approximately equivalent method.

[0003] In the existing research, the azimuthal anisotropic elastic impedance is mainly in the angle domain, and its application is mainly used for elastic impedance inversion of anisotropic parameters. The inversion method is mainly linear inversion, and approximate conversion cannot be performed in the equation expression. The inversion of multiple parameters will lead to inaccurate inversion of anisotropic parameters. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the inversion of parameters will lead to inaccurate inversion of anisotropic parameters. The purpose is to provide a method, device and medium for feature analysis based on ray-domain azimuthal elastic impedance. Without relying on multi-wave multi-component or pure shear wave seismic data, by collecting well data of logging, constructing a forward model of fractured anisotropy, the anisotropic parameters of the study area are studied. Based on the anisotropic parameters, the ray-domain elastic impedance expression is derived. First, calculate the ray-domain azimuthal elastic impedance on the well, and directly invert the elastic parameters and anisotropic parameters by using the improved reduced-dimension REI expression. At the same time, the shear wave splitting and fracture information are characterized by the simplified azimuthal anisotropic shear wave impedance, so as to improve the accuracy of anisotropic parameter prediction.

[0005] The present invention is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention provides a method for feature analysis based on ray-domain azimuthal elastic impedance, including the following specific steps:

[0007] Obtain logging data, and construct an anisotropic rock physics model based on the anisotropic rock physics theory;

[0008] Based on the fracture fillers of the anisotropic rock physics model, calculate the normal weakness, tangential weakness and anisotropic parameters of the underground medium;

[0009] Construct an azimuthal anisotropic ray - domain elastic impedance model based on the impedance curves formed by the normal weakness, tangential weakness, and anisotropic parameters of the underground medium.

[0010] Obtain the impedance body based on the azimuthal anisotropic ray - domain elastic impedance model, conduct anisotropic characteristic analysis, and obtain the analysis results of the underground geological characteristics.

[0011] Without relying on multi - wave multi - component or pure shear - wave seismic data, the present invention constructs a fracture - type anisotropic forward model by collecting well - logging data of the well, studies the anisotropic parameters of the study area, and based on the anisotropic parameters, deduces the elastic impedance expression in the ray domain. First, calculate the azimuthal elastic impedance in the ray domain on the well, and then obtain the azimuthal anisotropic elastic impedance on the volume through well - constrained Bayesian sparse pulse inversion. Characterize shear - wave splitting and fracture information through azimuthal anisotropic shear - wave impedance, and improve the stability of anisotropic parameter inversion.

[0012] Furthermore, the well - logging data includes fracture porosity, fracture aperture, fracture azimuth, fracture dip angle, fracture density, fracture fillings, and related mineral contents.

[0013] Furthermore, calculating the normal weakness, tangential weakness, and anisotropic parameters of the underground medium further includes:

[0014] Conduct rock - physics forward modeling on the well data, calculate the difference between the forward modeling results and the actual data, and adjust the rock - physics model according to the difference to make the coincidence degree between the forward modeling results of the established rock - physics model and the actual data the highest.

[0015] Based on the rock - physics model with the highest coincidence degree obtained, calculate the normal weakness, tangential weakness, and anisotropic parameters.

[0016] Furthermore, constructing the azimuthal anisotropic ray - domain elastic impedance model includes:

[0017]

[0018] where θ represents the incident angle, φ is the azimuth angle, ρ represents the density, α is the longitudinal - wave velocity, β is the shear - wave velocity, ε (V) , δ (V) , γ are anisotropic parameters respectively.

[0019] Furthermore, obtaining the impedance body based on the azimuthal anisotropic ray - domain elastic impedance model includes:

[0020] Based on the azimuthal anisotropic elastic impedance curve in the ray domain, interpolate it into an azimuthal anisotropic ray - domain elastic impedance model by combining with the interpolation algorithm, and then obtain the impedance body by using Bayesian sparse pulse inversion.

[0021] Interpolate the elastic impedance in the ray domain to establish a well interpolation model, and use the interpolation model as the input for inversion;

[0022] Use Bayesian sparse pulse inversion of the well interpolation model to obtain an azimuthal anisotropic ray domain elastic impedance body.

[0023] Furthermore, when using Bayesian sparse pulse inversion for the azimuthal anisotropic ray domain elastic impedance model, it includes constraining variables:

[0024] Represent the P-wave velocity α and S-wave velocity β of the isotropic term by Vp and Vs respectively, and represent the anisotropic phase parameters by normal weakness △N and tangential weakness △T, to obtain:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, AI is the P-wave impedance, Vs is the S-wave velocity, Vp is the P-wave velocity, and D(θ,φ) and E(θ,φ) respectively represent the coefficient terms after replacing the three anisotropic parameters with normal weakness △N and tangential weakness △T.

[0027] Furthermore, the anisotropic characteristic analysis specifically includes:

[0028] Calculate the anisotropic S-wave component, and the calculation steps are as follows:

[0029] SI(θ,φ)=(AI*e x -REI(θ,φ)*cosθ) / C

[0030] Among them, SI(θ,φ) is the azimuthal anisotropic S-wave impedance, REI(θ,φ) is the azimuthal anisotropic elastic impedance, C = 4β / α*sin 2 θ, β is the S-wave velocity, and a is the P-wave velocity;

[0031] Obtain an improved REI expression to invert the six-dimensional parameters, and simplify the six-dimensional parameters Vp, Vs, ρ, ε, δ, γ to five-dimensional parameters ε, δ, γ, specifically including:

[0032]

[0033] Invert the pre-stack parameters and anisotropic parameters according to the pre-stack inversion expression of the five parameters:

[0034]

[0035] Let ρα = AI and After binomial expansion and omitting high-order terms, obtain:

[0036]

[0037] Obtain the ratio of shear wave impedance to compressional wave impedance where k is a constant coefficient, and the simplified expression is obtained:

[0038]

[0039] After approximate equivalence, a pre-stack inversion expression based on five parameters of AI, SI, ε, δ, and γ is obtained.

[0040] Furthermore, according to the REI body or SI body obtained by inversion, elliptical fitting is performed to characterize the shear wave splitting feature or its azimuthal anisotropy feature; the major axis length, minor axis length, and major axis azimuth of the ellipse are obtained according to the polar coordinate conversion fitting result, and the underground geological features are analyzed.

[0041] Furthermore, based on the improved ray elastic impedance expression, directly invert ρα, ε, δ, γ or five parameters of AI, SI, ε, δ, γ to obtain elastic parameters, or anisotropic parameters, or underground anisotropy features represented by weakness △N and △T.

[0042] The second aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, a feature analysis method based on ray domain azimuth elastic impedance is implemented.

[0043] The third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, a feature analysis method based on ray domain azimuth elastic impedance is implemented.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0045] Without relying on multi-wave multi-component or pure shear-wave seismic data, by collecting well data from logging, a forward model of fractured anisotropy is constructed for the anisotropic parameters in the study area. Based on the anisotropic parameters, the expression of ray-domain elastic impedance is derived. First, the azimuthal elastic impedance in the ray domain on the well is calculated, and then the azimuthal anisotropic elastic impedance in the volume is obtained through well-constrained Bayesian sparse pulse inversion. Then, through the optimized ray elastic impedance expression, the inversion parameters are reduced in dimension, and the elastic parameters or anisotropic parameters are directly inverted. In addition, through the ray elastic impedance theory, the azimuthal anisotropic ray elastic impedance can be shifted to obtain the expression of azimuthal anisotropic shear-wave impedance, thereby characterizing shear-wave splitting and fracture information. This method adopts an equivalent approximation method, and the SI can be calculated by an approximate substitution method, avoiding obtaining anisotropic SI through prestack inversion and directly obtaining the anisotropic characteristics of the azimuthal shear-wave impedance components, improving the extraction efficiency of seismic anisotropic characteristics. At the same time, in the above direct inversion of anisotropic parameters, a method based on two approximate expressions of ray elastic impedance (expressions of AI, Vs / Vp, ΔN, ΔT or AI, SI, ΔN, ΔT) is also provided. Compared with the conventional method, it can reduce the dimension of inversion, directly invert the azimuthal elastic impedance or anisotropic parameters, and improve the stability of anisotropic parameter inversion;

[0046] Based on the inverted anisotropic attribute class parameters, elliptical fitting can be performed to further analyze fractures or other anisotropic attributes more accurately, and establish the azimuth and angle characteristics of fractures or other sensitive parameters, etc., in order to achieve the effect of interpreting geological characteristics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings. In the drawings:

[0048] Figure 1 is the flowchart in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 is the inversion process in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 is the normal weakness △N of ray-domain elastic impedance inversion in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 is the anisotropic parameter ∈ of ray-domain elastic impedance inversion in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 It is for approximately calculating the azimuthal anisotropic shear wave impedance based on the ray-domain elastic impedance expression in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 6 It is for the normal weakness △N of the conventional elastic impedance inversion, the normal weakness △N of the ray-domain elastic impedance inversion, the comparison chart, and the predicted fracture development azimuth chart in the embodiments of the present invention. Specific implementation manners

[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and do not limit the present invention.

[0055] As a possible implementation manner, as Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides a method for analyzing the characteristics of ray-domain azimuthal elastic impedance. By providing the derivation and application of ray-domain azimuthal anisotropic elastic impedance, without relying on multi-wave multi-component or pure shear wave seismic data, this embodiment constructs a fracture-type anisotropic forward model by collecting well data of logging, studies the anisotropic parameters of the study area, and based on the anisotropic parameters, derives the ray-domain elastic impedance expression. First, calculate the ray-domain azimuthal elastic impedance on the well, and then obtain the azimuthal anisotropic elastic impedance on the volume through well-constrained Bayesian sparse pulse inversion. Since the adopted ray-domain azimuthal elastic impedance expression can approximately express the isotropic term as the expressions of the longitudinal wave impedance and the shear wave impedance, and through formula transformation, the expression of the azimuthal anisotropic shear wave impedance can be obtained. And there are shear wave splitting and fracture information in the azimuthal anisotropic shear wave impedance expression. Therefore, the azimuthal anisotropic shear wave impedance can be calculated through AI and REI. At the same time, AI, Vp / Vs, and the anisotropic term, a total of five items, can also be directly inverted through the derived ray-domain azimuthal anisotropic elastic impedance. If the weaknesses △N and △T are used, it can be further simplified to be expressed by four items: AI, Vp / Vs, △N, and △T. Compared with the conventional three items of Vp, Vs, RHOB, and the anisotropic term, a total of six items, the newly derived azimuthal anisotropic elastic impedance expression: Only by inverting 4 parameters can the stability of the inversion be ensured.

[0056] S1. Obtain various logging data of the study area and conduct rock physics analysis.

[0057] Specifically, since it involves micro-scale seismic parameters, the logging curve needs to be able to perform anisotropic modeling to calculate anisotropic or weakness curves, which require fracture porosity, fracture opening, fracture orientation, fracture inclination, fracture density, fracture fillings, related mineral content curves, porosity, permeability, etc.

[0058] S2. Based on the relevant theories of anisotropic rock physics, rock physics modeling analysis is carried out to calculate the required weakness or anisotropy parameters.

[0059] Specifically, the HS model or VRH model is used to mix matrix minerals, the DEM model is used for pore filling, the Hudson theory or Schoenberg and Sayers theory is used for fracture pore modeling, and the Brown and Korringna theory is used for fluid filling, and the parameters of the model are adjusted to achieve the best matching relationship with the measured curve.

[0060] S3. Calculation using the derived ray-domain azimuthal anisotropic elastic impedance.

[0061] Specifically, based on the derivation process of the ray domain, the expression of the azimuthal anisotropic elastic impedance in the ray domain is obtained:

[0062]

[0063] The anisotropy parameters are obtained from rock physics analysis, and the velocity density curves are obtained from well logging.

[0064] This expression is expressed with P as the unknown variable. Replace P in the equation with The angular ray elastic impedance REI(θ,φ) can be obtained, where θ is the incident angle and α is the longitudinal wave velocity. Different from the conventional anisotropic elastic impedance, the expression of the conventional AEI is as follows:

[0065]

[0066] In the normalization process, The term will lead to unstable value range, which will cause superimposed errors in the subsequent elastic impedance inversion. The REI expression in the ray domain can effectively reduce the inversion dimension and solve the problem of unstable value range in conventional AEI.

[0067] S4. Based on the azimuthal anisotropic elastic impedance curve in the ray domain, the elastic impedance model of the component azimuthal angle is interpolated by the interpolation algorithm, and the impedance body is obtained by using Bayesian sparse pulse inversion.

[0068] Specifically, the Bayesian sparse pulse used in this embodiment is a prior art. According to the steps of S3, interpolation processing is performed on the ray-domain elastic impedance to establish a well interpolation model. The interpolation model can be arbitrarily selected, and inverse distance weighted interpolation or Kriging interpolation can be used, etc. The interpolation model is used as the input for subsequent inversion. Then, the Bayesian sparse pulse inversion is used to invert the well interpolation model to obtain the azimuthal anisotropic ray-domain elastic impedance.

[0069] S5. As Figure 2 shown, perform inversion of the weakness or anisotropy parameters based on the ray-domain multi-azimuth and multi-angle elastic impedance body.

[0070] Specifically,

[0071]

[0072] In the conventional AEI equation, there are 6 quantities to be inverted, namely Vp, Vs, ρ, ε, δ, γ, which will lead to instability in inversion. The required anisotropy parameters ε, δ, γ will affect the stability due to too many inversion parameters. At the same time, to increase the stability of inversion, the AEI can be expressed using the normal weakness and tangential weakness:

[0073]

[0074] Where:

[0075] D(θ,φ) = -2k[(sin 2 θ cos 2 φ + cos 2 φ sin 2 φ sin 2 θ tan 2 θ)(1 - 2k) + cos 4 φ sin 2 θ tan 2 θ(1 - g)]

[0076] E(θ,φ) = 2k sin 2 θ cos 2 φ(1 - sin 2 φ tan 2 θ)

[0077] By obtaining the normal weakness ΔN and tangential weakness ΔT. Taking the logarithm of both sides of the AEI can separate the exponents of the unknown terms, so as to solve and invert Vp, Vs, ρ, △N and △T. And in the ray-domain azimuthal anisotropic elastic impedance:

[0078]

[0079] Angle-domain expression:

[0080]

[0081] Let \(K = 0\), we can obtain:

[0082]

[0083] Furthermore, if \(\alpha\) and \(\beta\) of the isotropic terms are expressed by \(V_p\) and \(V_s\), and the anisotropic phase parameters are expressed by the normal weakness and the tangential weakness:

[0084]

[0085] Therefore, the equation can be expressed as an expression of five unknowns, namely \(AI\), \(V_s / V_p\) (or \(SI\)), \(\varepsilon\), \(\delta\), \(\gamma\) for calculation, thereby increasing the accuracy of anisotropic parameter inversion. This equation replaces three parameters \(V_p\), \(V_s\), \(\rho\) in the conventional equation with two parameters \(AI\), \(V_s / V_p\) (or \(SI\)), reducing one dimension and ensuring the stability of inversion. Compared with the conventional AEI expression, there is no normalization process here, ensuring the accuracy of the value range. In terms of dimensionality reduction and controlling the stability of the value range, the ray-domain elastic impedance is superior to the traditional elastic impedance. Through the new expression, the traditional AEI expression can be reduced in dimension multiple times. In the original expression, the number of unknown variables is 6, namely: \(V_p\), \(V_s\), \(\rho\), \(\varepsilon\), \(\delta\), \(\gamma\), which is improved to four parameters, namely: \(AI\), \(V_s / V_p\), \(\Delta N\), \(\Delta T\), making the inversion stability improved and the inversion weakness (or anisotropic parameter) more accurate. In addition, it can also improve the reliability of other azimuthal anisotropic ellipse fittings.

[0086] S6. In the improved azimuthal elastic impedance expression, when analyzing the underground anisotropy, the ray-domain elastic impedance can obtain the shear-wave impedance anisotropy characteristic parameters caused by shear-wave splitting without pre-stack inversion.

[0087] Specifically, \(REI(\theta,\varphi)=REI(\theta)\times e\) x can be expressed as the product of the isotropic term and the anisotropic term. In the ray elastic impedance, \(REI(\theta)=(AI - C\times SI) / \cos\theta\). Substituting it into the anisotropic expression, we can get:

[0088] \(REI(\theta,\varphi)=(AI\times e\) x \(-C\times SI\times e\) x ) / \cos\theta

[0089] \(REI(\theta,\varphi)=(AI\times e\) x \(-C\times SI(\theta,\varphi)) / \cos\theta\);

[0090] \(SI(\theta,\varphi)=(AI\times e\) x \(-REI(\theta,\varphi)\times\cos\theta) / C

[0091] where C = 4β / α * sin 2 θ, e x terms represent the shorthand of the anisotropic terms, specifically In approximate calculations, the anisotropic term e of the AI term can be x approximated as 1. In, if the angle θ = 0, AI = REI(0). Similarly, in the azimuthal anisotropic impedance,

[0092]

[0093] θ = 0 means REI(0,φ) = AI. Therefore, it can be further approximately expressed as:

[0094] SI(θ,φ) = (REI(0,φ) - REI(θ,φ) * cosθ) / C

[0095] Through this expression, the shear-wave impedance anisotropy characteristics can be calculated and only reflected by the impedance difference between the near and far traces.

[0096] S7. As Figures 3-6 shown, the underground geological characteristics are interpreted through parameters such as the inversion weakness, anisotropic parameters, fracture density, approximate azimuthal anisotropic shear-wave impedance, etc.

[0097] Solution 1. Through the improved REI expression:

[0098]

[0099] directly invert ρα, ε, δ, γ, or the pre-stack inversion expression of the five parameters AI, SI, ε, δ, γ, and directly obtain the elastic parameters or anisotropic parameters. If the anisotropic three parameters ε, δ, γ are rewritten in terms of the weakness represented by △N, △T, it can be further weakened to a four-parameter expression to further reduce the dimension.

[0100] Solution 2. In addition, the anisotropic parameters obtained through ray-domain azimuthal anisotropic inversion can characterize the fracture development intensity in this area. Through the elastic impedance in the ray domain at different azimuths and angles, multiple azimuths of shear-wave impedance can be obtained using the derived SI expression. The major and minor axes of the ellipse and their ratio can be obtained using the ellipse fitting method. The azimuth and intensity of the SI shear-wave azimuth impedance fracture anisotropy can be obtained through vectorization expression to guide fracture identification and research.

[0101] Among them, the REI body or SI body (or reflectivity body) obtained by inversion can be subjected to elliptical fitting for further analysis. Through polar coordinate transformation, the fitting result includes the major axis length, minor axis length, and major axis azimuth of the ellipse, and then the interpretation and analysis of seismic data are carried out.

[0102] Among them, the REI body or SI body (or reflectivity body) obtained by inversion can be subjected to elliptical fitting for further analysis. Through polar coordinate transformation, the fitting result includes the major axis length, minor axis length, and major axis azimuth of the ellipse, and then the interpretation and analysis of seismic data are carried out.

[0103] As a possible implementation manner, this embodiment provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, a feature analysis method based on ray-domain azimuthal elastic impedance is implemented.

[0104] As a possible implementation manner, this embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, a feature analysis method based on ray-domain azimuthal elastic impedance is implemented.

[0105] The specific implementation manners described above further elaborate on the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific implementation manners of the present invention and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A characteristic analysis method based on ray-domain azimuthal elastic impedance, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Obtain logging data and construct an anisotropic rock physics model based on anisotropic rock physics theory; Calculate the normal weakness, tangential weakness and anisotropic parameters of the underground medium based on fracture fillings of anisotropic rock physics models; Based on the impedance curve formed by the normal weakness, tangential weakness and anisotropic parameters of the underground medium, an azimuthal anisotropic ray-domain elastic impedance model is constructed; Based on the azimuthal anisotropic ray-domain elastic impedance model, the impedance body is obtained, and the anisotropic characteristic analysis is performed to obtain the analysis results of the underground geological characteristics.

2. The characteristic analysis method based on ray-domain azimuthal elastic impedance according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The logging data include fracture porosity, fracture opening, fracture orientation, fracture inclination, fracture density, fracture fillings and related mineral contents.

3. The characteristic analysis method based on ray-domain azimuthal elastic impedance according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The calculation of the normal weakness, tangential weakness and anisotropic parameters of the underground medium also includes: Perform rock physics forward modeling on well data, calculate the difference between the forward modeling results and the actual data, and adjust the rock physics model based on the difference to maximize the consistency between the forward modeling results of the rock physics model and the actual data; Based on the rock physics model with the highest degree of fit, the normal weakness, tangential weakness and anisotropy parameters are calculated.

4. The characteristic analysis method based on ray-domain azimuthal elastic impedance according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Construct an azimuthal anisotropic ray-domain elastic impedance model, including: Among them, θ represents the incident angle, φ represents the azimuth, ρ represents the density, α represents the longitudinal wave velocity, β represents the shear wave velocity, and ε ... shear wave velocity. (V) ,δ (V) ,γ are the anisotropy parameters respectively.

5. The characteristic analysis method based on ray-domain azimuthal elastic impedance according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The impedance body obtained based on the azimuthal anisotropic ray-domain elastic impedance model comprises: Based on the azimuthal anisotropic elastic impedance curve in the ray domain, the azimuthal anisotropic elastic impedance model is interpolated with the interpolation algorithm, and the impedance body is obtained by using Bayesian sparse pulse inversion. Interpolate the elastic impedance in the ray domain, establish a well interpolation model, and use the interpolation model as the input of the inversion; The azimuthal anisotropic elastic impedance volume in the ray domain is obtained using the Bayesian sparse pulse inversion well interpolation model.

6. The characteristic analysis method based on ray-domain azimuthal elastic impedance according to claim 5 is characterized in that: When the azimuthal anisotropic ray-domain elastic impedance model is inverted using Bayesian sparse pulse inversion, the variables are constrained: The longitudinal wave velocity α and the transverse wave velocity β of the isotropic term are represented by Vp and Vs respectively, and the anisotropic phase parameters are represented by the normal weakness △N and the tangential weakness △T, and we get: Among them, AI is the longitudinal wave impedance, Vs is the shear wave velocity, Vp is the longitudinal wave velocity, D(θ, φ) and E(θ, φ) are respectively expressed as the coefficient terms after the three anisotropic parameters are replaced by the normal weakness △N and the tangential weakness △T.

7. The characteristic analysis method based on ray-domain azimuthal elastic impedance according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The anisotropic characteristic analysis specifically includes: The anisotropic shear wave component is calculated in the following steps: SI(θ,φ)=(AI*e x -REI(θ,φ)*cosθ) / C Where SI(θ,φ) is the azimuthal anisotropic shear wave impedance, REI(θ,φ) is the azimuthal anisotropic elastic impedance, and C = 4β / α*sin 2 θ, β are transverse wave velocities, and a is longitudinal wave velocity; The improved REI expression is obtained to invert the six-dimensional parameters and simplify the six-dimensional parameters Vp, Vs, ρ, ε, δ, γ into five-dimensional parameters ε,δ,γ, specifically including: Invert the prestack parameters and anisotropy parameters according to the five-parameter prestack inversion expression: Let ρα = AI and After binomial expansion, omitting higher-order terms, we get: Get the ratio of shear wave impedance to longitudinal wave impedance Where k is a constant coefficient, the simplified expression is: After approximate equivalence, the prestack inversion expression based on five parameters, AI, SI, ε, δ, and γ, is obtained.

8. The characteristic analysis method based on ray-domain azimuthal elastic impedance according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The analysis results of underground geological characteristics specifically include: Perform ellipse fitting based on the REI body or SI body obtained by inversion; The major axis length, minor axis length and major axis orientation of the ellipse are obtained according to the polar coordinate transformation fitting results, and the underground geological characteristics are analyzed.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the program, the characteristic analysis method based on ray-domain azimuthal elastic impedance as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed by a processor, the characteristic analysis method based on ray-domain azimuthal elastic impedance as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

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