Plant configuration method for synergistically improving forest ecological products

Abstract

The invention discloses a plant configuration method for synergistically improving forest ecological products, and relates to the technical field of plant configuration methods. The method comprises the following steps: site condition analysis: selecting a forest region with an area of S hectare in a mountain area as an implementation object, and obtaining site conditions of the implementation object through field exploration; setting an ecological target; screening plant varieties; plant configuration layout planning; calculating ecological influence factors; initial ecological target calculation: calculating an initial ecological target by using an ecological target calculation model based on the obtained ecological influence factors of different plant types and the divided forest region information; and adjusting the forest region based on the determined forest region information and the determined plant type information. According to the method, the actual situation of the region can be accurately grasped, the scientificity of a plant configuration scheme is greatly improved, and it is ensured that a forest ecological system always develops towards a preset ecological target.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plant configuration methods, and particularly to a plant configuration method for synergistically improving forest ecological products. Background Art

[0002] In current forest ecological construction and plant configuration practices, traditional methods often lack systematicness, precision, and dynamic adaptability. On the one hand, the consideration of the site conditions in forest areas is not comprehensive and in-depth enough, making it difficult to accurately select and adapt plants according to the actual situation. On the other hand, the lack of scientific quantification and dynamic adjustment mechanisms when setting ecological goals results in a large gap between the actual achieved ecological product functions and the expectations, and it is impossible to effectively synergistically improve the ecological product values in multiple aspects such as wood production, water conservation, air purification, biodiversity protection, and eco-tourism. Moreover, in the past, plant configuration mostly relied on experience, lacking means of comprehensive evaluation and optimization using scientific models, making it difficult for forest ecosystems to fully exert their due comprehensive benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a plant configuration method that can accurately grasp the actual situation of the region, greatly improve the scientificity of the plant configuration plan, and ensure that the forest ecosystem always develops towards the preset ecological goals.

[0004] To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a plant configuration method for synergistically improving forest ecological products, the method comprising the following steps: S1, Site Condition Analysis: Select a forest area of S hectares in a certain mountainous area as the implementation object, and through on-site investigation, obtain the site conditions of the implementation object; S2, Ecological Goal Setting: Set the growth index of the wood volume, the improvement index of the water conservation capacity, the improvement index of the air purification capacity, the improvement index of biodiversity, and the growth index of the annual number of tourists received by eco-tourism in the forest area within the next N years; S3, Plant Species Screening: Based on the site conditions, use a plant species screening model to screen out the plant species suitable for planting in this mountainous area; S4, Plant Configuration Layout Planning: Divide the forest area into a core production area, an ecological conservation area, and an eco-tourism area, and obtain the site information of the above areas; S5, Ecological Impact Factor Calculation: Based on the selected plant species, use an ecological impact assessment model to conduct an ecological impact assessment on the selected plant species, and obtain the ecological impact factors of the selected plant species; S6, Initial Ecological Goal Calculation: Based on the obtained ecological impact factors of different plant species and the forest area information divided, use an ecological goal calculation model to calculate the initial ecological goal; S7, Dynamically adjust the ecological goal: According to the set ecological goal, dynamically adjust the information of the divided forest areas and plant species, and calculate the adjusted ecological goal value based on the adjusted forest area information and plant species information until the ecological goal value reaches the set value. Finally, adjust the forest area based on the determined forest area information and plant species information.

[0005] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solutions are as follows: By selecting specific forest areas for targeted site condition analysis, the method of the present invention can accurately obtain the actual situation of the area, overcome the drawback of the traditional method's incomplete understanding of environmental conditions, provide reliable basic data support for subsequent plant configuration, and ensure the adaptability and growth potential of plants.

[0006] Use the model for plant species screening, ecological impact assessment, and ecological goal calculation and dynamic adjustment to realize the transformation of plant configuration from experience-based to scientific and quantitative decision-making, greatly improve the scientificity, rationality, and accuracy of the plant configuration plan, and enable the ecological product functions of the forest to be more effectively synergistically improved.

[0007] The dynamic adjustment mechanism can flexibly optimize the forest area division and plant species selection according to the difference between the actual and expected goals, ensure that the forest ecosystem always develops towards the preset ecological goal, give full play to the comprehensive benefits of the forest in aspects such as timber production, ecological services, and eco-tourism, and meet the growing social demand for the diversification of forest ecological functions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0009] Figure 1 is the main flowchart of the method described in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 is the flowchart of the site condition analysis in the method described in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 is the flowchart of the plant species screening in the method described in the embodiments of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0010] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0011] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may be practiced in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0012] As Figure 1 shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a plant configuration method for synergistically improving forest ecological products. The method includes the following steps: S1. Site condition analysis: Select a forest area of S hectares in a certain mountainous area as the implementation object. Through on-site investigation, obtain the site conditions of the implementation object; S2. Ecological goal setting: Set the growth index of the wood volume, the improvement index of the water conservation capacity, the improvement index of the air purification capacity, the improvement index of the biodiversity, and the growth index of the annual number of tourists received for eco-tourism in the forest area within the next N years; S3. Plant species screening: Based on the site conditions, use a plant species screening model to screen out plant species suitable for planting in this mountainous area; S4. Plant configuration layout planning: Divide the forest area into a core production area, an ecological conservation area, and an eco-tourism area, and obtain the site information of the above areas. S5. Ecological impact factor calculation: Based on the screened plant species, use an ecological impact assessment model to conduct an ecological impact assessment on the screened plant species, and obtain the ecological impact factors of the screened plant species; S6. Initial ecological goal calculation: Based on the obtained ecological impact factors of different plant species and the divided forest area information, use an ecological goal calculation model to calculate the initial ecological goal; S7. Dynamically adjust the ecological goal: According to the set ecological goal, dynamically adjust the divided forest area information and plant species, and calculate the adjusted ecological goal value according to the adjusted forest area information and plant species information until the ecological goal value reaches the set value. Finally, adjust this forest area based on the determined forest area information and plant species information.

[0013] Further, as Figure 2 shown, the method for site condition analysis in S1 includes the following steps: S1-1) Soil condition investigation: According to the grid method, a number of soil sampling points are evenly arranged in the forest area. The sampling points cover different topographic positions (such as mountaintops, hillsides, valleys, etc.) and vegetation type distribution areas, so that the collected soil samples can fully reflect the soil conditions of the entire area. When collecting soil, a soil sampler is used to collect soil samples at each sampling point at different depths (such as typical soil layer depths of 0 - 20 cm, 20 - 40 cm, etc.), and they are respectively put into corresponding sample containers and marked. On-site, a soil pH tester and a soil fertility rapid tester are used to preliminarily detect the samples, and the approximate values of the pH, organic matter content, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium of different soil layers at each sampling point are recorded. At the same time, the soil texture (sandy soil, loam, clay, etc.), soil color, and soil structure (blocky, granular, etc.) are observed and recorded in detail. After the soil is collected, the collected soil samples are sent to the laboratory for analysis, including the determination of soil trace element content and the analysis of soil microbial communities, to further obtain the soil fertility status and water and fertilizer retention capacity. S1-2) Topographic and geomorphic survey: The entire forest area is divided into multiple sub-areas based on obvious topographic boundaries (such as valleys, ridges, etc.) or artificially. A total station and a GPS locator are used to measure the key points in each sub-area one by one. The coordinates, altitude, slope, and aspect of each key point are measured, and the data is recorded in real time. At the same time, the corresponding measurement point numbers and the information of the sub-area where they are located are marked. After the measurement of one sub-area is completed, the data is sorted and preliminarily checked. For some special terrains (such as cliffs, steep slopes, etc.), in addition to the conventional measurement parameters, their morphological characteristics, approximate area, and other information also need to be recorded to facilitate the subsequent analysis of their impact on plant growth and the overall site conditions.

[0014] S1-3) Exploration of water resource distribution: Inspect along the directions of the streams and rivers in the forest area, and record the width, depth, water flow velocity, and water quality status of the streams and rivers at regular intervals (such as every 50 meters or 100 meters, determined according to the stream length and complexity). For existing ponds, puddles or lakes, record their area, water depth, and the surrounding vegetation coverage, and analyze their mutual relationship with the surrounding soil and plant growth. Select several representative points at different topographic positions (such as valleys, hillsides, etc.), use a water level measuring instrument to detect the depth of the groundwater level, and record the corresponding measurement time and point position information. Combine the soil humidity situation and the vegetation growth status (for example, in areas with a relatively shallow groundwater level, the plant roots may be shallower and grow relatively lush, etc.), and comprehensively analyze the distribution law of water resources underground and their potential impact on the forest ecosystem. S1-4) Collection and integration of meteorological data: Install small weather stations in the forest area and regularly (daily or every 12 hours) upload and record the temperature, humidity, wind speed and wind direction information monitored by the weather stations; obtain the average annual temperature, precipitation, sunshine duration and extreme climate conditions of this forest area from the local meteorological department, organize and classify them according to the time dimension, and analyze the long-term change trend of the meteorological conditions in this area and the possible periodic impacts on the forest ecosystem; S1-5) Data sorting and analysis Unify and summarize all the information on soil conditions, topography, water resource distribution and meteorological data recorded during the on-site investigation and input it into the Geographic Information System (GIS); by statistically analyzing the soil sample test data, draw the distribution maps of soil pH and fertility status in the entire forest area, and combine with soil texture and structural characteristics to evaluate the suitability of different regional soils for plant growth; use GIS software to process the topographic and geomorphic measurement data to generate altitude maps and slope aspect maps, and analyze the light, water and soil erosion conditions of different topographic parts; conduct a correlation analysis of the water resource distribution data and meteorological data to obtain the relationship between precipitation and evaporation meteorological factors and the changes in surface water and groundwater levels, and judge the water balance status of the forest area and the potential risks of drought and flood occurrence.

[0015] Furthermore, the ecological goal setting method includes the following steps: 1) Method for setting the wood volume growth index Refer to historical data and growth models: Collect past materials: Consult the historical wood volume statistical data of this forest area or forest areas with similar site conditions in the surrounding area. These data can be obtained from the resource inventory archives of the forestry department, previous forest management records, etc.

[0016] Use the growth model for prediction: According to the biological characteristics of the main tree species (such as growth rate, rotation period, etc.) and site conditions (soil fertility, climate, etc.), select a suitable tree growth model for prediction. Common ones include single-tree growth models (such as Richards growth model, Logistic growth model, etc.) or stand growth models (such as relevant models in the forest resource management system). Input the soil fertility level, average annual temperature, precipitation and other data obtained from the site condition analysis and the relevant parameters of the target tree species into the model, and simulate and calculate the wood volume growth of different tree species per individual and the whole stand within the next N years, and based on this, initially set the wood volume growth index.

[0017] Combine the management plan and market demand Consider forest management strategies: If an intensive management approach is planned, such as regular thinning, fertilization, and other management measures, refer to relevant management technical standards and practical experience to estimate the promoting effect of these measures on wood growth, and correspondingly increase the wood volume growth index. For example, reasonable thinning can improve the stand structure, increase the growth space and nutrient supply of the retained trees, and thus accelerate the growth of wood volume. The increase amplitude can be reasonably determined according to factors such as thinning intensity and frequency.

[0018] Pay attention to market demand orientation: Investigate the demand situation and price trends of the wood market for different wood species (such as large-diameter wood, small and medium-diameter wood) and different wood qualities (such as hardwood, softwood). If the market has strong demand for large-diameter wood and the price is high, the rotation period can be appropriately extended when setting the goal to cultivate more large-diameter wood and increase the proportion of high-quality large-diameter wood in the wood volume growth index; conversely, if small and medium-diameter wood is more popular, the management strategy can be adjusted to correspondingly optimize the specific composition of the wood volume growth index.

[0019] Comprehensive evaluation and determination of indicators Combining the above-mentioned various factors, convene forestry experts, forest managers, representatives of relevant industries, etc. for discussion, and comprehensively consider the carrying capacity of the forest ecosystem, economic feasibility, and ecological sustainability, etc. to evaluate and adjust the initially set wood volume growth index. Finally, determine a reasonable and achievable wood volume growth index within the next N years, and clarify the phased goals for different years to ensure that the entire growth process is stable and conforms to the laws of forest ecological development.

[0020] 2) Method for setting the index of improving water conservation capacity 2-1) Collection and analysis of basic data Collection of hydrological data: Collect multi-year water volume and water level change data of rivers, streams, reservoirs and other water bodies within and around the forest area, as well as meteorological data such as precipitation and evaporation, and analyze the water balance situation of water resources in the region. For example, understand basic hydrological information such as the annual average runoff, water volume change characteristics in different seasons, and the proportion of precipitation converted into surface runoff and groundwater runoff, and at the same time master the spatio-temporal variation law of soil moisture content. These data can be obtained from local hydrological monitoring stations, meteorological departments, and the results of previous scientific research projects.

[0021] Analysis of the relationship between existing vegetation and water conservation: Through field investigations, analyze the role of the current forest vegetation cover (such as vegetation type, coverage rate, stand structure, etc.) in water conservation. For example, study the relationship between the root distribution characteristics (root depth, root density, etc.) of different tree species and soil porosity and water holding capacity, understand the differences in soil and water conservation capabilities under different vegetation community structures, and evaluate the actual level of water conservation of the existing forest to provide a comparison reference for subsequent index setting.

[0022] 2-2) Setting goals based on models and standards Using hydrological model simulation: Select a suitable hydrological model (such as the SWAT model, MIKE SHE model, etc.), input the site condition data (topography, soil type, vegetation cover, etc.) and meteorological data into the model, simulate the hydrological process of the current forest area, and obtain the simulated values of water conservation related indicators (such as soil water storage, reduction in surface runoff, etc.). Then, according to the forest management or ecological restoration plan, adjust the vegetation parameters in the model (such as increasing the vegetation coverage rate, optimizing the forest stand structure, etc.), simulate the change in water conservation capacity in the next N years, and set the improvement indicators for water conservation capacity based on this. For example, set specific quantitative indicators such as increasing the soil water storage by Y% or reducing the surface runoff by Z%.

[0023] Referring to industry standards and similar cases: Refer to relevant specifications such as national or local forest water conservation function evaluation standards and ecological public welfare forest construction standards, and combine with cases of forest areas with similar site conditions in China and significant achievements in water conservation. Compare and analyze the gap between the current situation and the advanced level, and reasonably determine the improvement range of water conservation capacity that can be achieved in the next N years to ensure that the indicators meet industry requirements and have a certain degree of advancement and operability.

[0024] 3) Method for setting improvement indicators for air purification capacity 3-1) Current situation of pollutants and vegetation purification capacity Analysis of air quality monitoring data: Collect air quality monitoring data in the forest area and its surrounding areas, and focus on the concentration levels, spatio-temporal distribution characteristics, and change trends of major air pollutants (such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10), etc.). These data can usually be obtained from the monitoring stations of the local ecological environment department. By analyzing multi-year data, understand the current situation of the air environment quality in the region and the main pollution problems existing, providing a basis for setting targeted air purification goals.

[0025] Research on plant purification functions: Consult relevant scientific literature to understand the purification capabilities of different plant species for various air pollutants, such as adsorption, absorption, and transformation. For example, some broad-leaved plants have a strong retention and adsorption effect on particulate matter, while some plants with special physiological metabolic mechanisms (such as plants that can metabolize nitrogen oxides through the enzyme system in their bodies) have a better purification effect on specific pollutants. At the same time, conduct on-site investigations on the types, quantities, distribution of the existing vegetation in the forest and its role in air purification in the actual environment, and evaluate the basic level of the air purification capacity of the existing forest vegetation.

[0026] 3-2) Quantitative calculation and goal setting Calculation based on the relationship between vegetation cover and pollutant reduction: According to the area of the forest area, vegetation coverage rate, and air purification capacity parameters of different plants, combined with relevant air purification models (such as models constructed based on the relationship between parameters such as leaf area index and stomatal conductance and pollutant reduction), calculate the amount of pollutants that the current forest vegetation can reduce and the contribution to the improvement of regional air quality. Then, based on the forest development plan (such as increasing vegetation species, optimizing plant configuration, etc.), predict the air purification capacity that can be improved with vegetation changes in the next N years, and set corresponding air purification capacity improvement indicators.

[0027] Refer to environmental quality standards and planning requirements: Refer to national or local ambient air quality standards and the requirements for the air purification function of forests in the ecological environment protection plan, and combine the environmental sensitivity of the surrounding area (such as whether it is close to cities, industrial pollution sources, etc.) to reasonably determine the amplitude of the improvement of the forest air purification capacity in the next N years, ensure that the forest plays a positive and practical role in improving regional air quality, and gradually make the regional air quality reach or exceed the corresponding standard requirements.

[0028] Adjust the indicators in combination with actual feedback During the actual implementation process, continuously monitor the changes in air quality monitoring data, and at the same time evaluate the actual impact of the newly added or adjusted plant configuration on the air purification effect. According to the actual feedback, timely correct the air purification capacity improvement indicators to ensure the scientificity and effectiveness of the target setting, and make it truly reflect the improvement of the forest air purification capacity.

[0029] 4) Method for setting the biodiversity improvement index 4-1) Investigation of the current situation of biodiversity Species census: Conduct a comprehensive baseline survey of biodiversity, covering multiple groups such as plants, animals, and microorganisms. For plants, conduct field surveys through quadrat methods, transect methods, etc., and record information such as the names, quantities, distribution ranges, and growth conditions of different plant species in the forest area; for animals, use transect methods combined with technical means such as infrared camera monitoring and bird ringing to investigate the species, population quantities, and habitat utilization of animals such as birds, mammals, amphibians, and reptiles; for microorganisms, collect different environmental samples such as soil, water bodies, and plant surfaces, and use laboratory analysis methods (such as high-throughput sequencing, etc.) to identify the species and community structure characteristics of microorganisms. Through these investigations, comprehensively master the current situation of biodiversity in the current forest area.

[0030] Analysis of Ecosystem Structure and Function: Analyze the structural characteristics of the forest ecosystem, such as stand levels (tree layer, shrub layer, herb layer, etc.), distribution of vegetation patches, connection between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, etc., as well as the exertion of its ecological functions (such as material cycling, energy flow, ecological service functions, etc.), evaluate the supporting capacity of the existing ecosystem for biodiversity, clarify the advantages and deficiencies of the current biodiversity level, and provide a basis for subsequent indicator setting.

[0031] 4 - 2) Basis and Methods for Goal Setting Refer to the requirements of ecosystem integrity: Based on the criteria of ecosystem integrity in ecological theory, combined with the ecological function orientation of the forest area (such as being an important biological habitat, ecological corridor, etc.), determine the basic indicator requirements for maintaining or enhancing biodiversity. For example, starting from multiple dimensions such as species richness, evenness, and niche differentiation, set reasonable biodiversity enhancement goals to ensure that the forest ecosystem can provide a sufficiently rich and stable habitat to guarantee the survival, reproduction, and development of various organisms.

[0032] Based on restoration and protection planning: Refer to relevant documents such as national or local biodiversity conservation strategies and forest ecological restoration plans, and combine the protection needs of rare and endangered species and the construction needs of ecological corridors in the forest area to formulate a specific biodiversity enhancement plan within the next N years. For example, plan to increase the population of specific rare plants, restore the habitat area of certain key animals, etc. By quantifying these plan contents, convert them into corresponding biodiversity enhancement indices, such as setting specific measurable indicators like increasing the Shannon - Wiener diversity index by C% and increasing species richness by D%, to guide the forest ecosystem towards a more biodiverse direction.

[0033] 5) Method for Setting the Growth Index of the Annual Number of Tourists Received in Ecotourism 5 - 1) Tourism Resource Assessment and Market Research Inventory of tourism resources: Conduct a detailed inventory and classification assessment of the existing natural landscape resources (such as unique landform landscapes, rare plant and animal landscapes, beautiful water landscapes, etc.) and cultural landscape resources (such as historical relics, folk cultures, etc.) in the forest area, and analyze their ornamental value, uniqueness, development potential, etc. At the same time, combined with the forest ecological environment quality (such as air quality, comfort, etc.), comprehensively evaluate the attractiveness level of the existing ecotourism resources, and determine the advantageous resources and resource points to be developed and enhanced.

[0034] Tourism Market Research: Conduct research on the surrounding tourism market, understand tourist characteristics such as the origin of tourists, age structure, tourism preferences, consumption capacity, etc., and analyze the scale of the current eco-tourism market in the region, the changing trend of tourist flow, and the competitive situation of surrounding similar tourist attractions. Collect relevant information through methods such as questionnaires, interviews, and big data analysis to provide a market basis for reasonably setting the growth target of the annual tourist reception volume of eco-tourism.

[0035] 5-2) Set goals based on planning and development potential Consideration of tourism development planning: Combine the tourism development plan of the forest area, such as newly planned tourist attractions, improved tourism facilities (hiking trails, viewing platforms, tourist service centers, etc.), and planned tourism marketing activities (such as holding eco-tourism festivals, online promotion, etc.), and estimate the improvement effect on tourist attraction after the implementation of these measures. According to factors such as the construction progress and expected influence of tourism projects, set the growth target of the annual tourist reception volume of eco-tourism in the next N years in stages. For example, plan to achieve a tourist volume growth of E% in the first year, and with the continuous improvement of tourism facilities and the increase in popularity, the tourist volume growth reaches F% in the Nth year and other specific quantitative indicators.

[0036] Furthermore, as Figure 3 shown, the specific method for screening plant species in S3 includes the following steps: S3-1) Determine plant characteristics and screening indicators 1) Acquisition of plant characteristic data: Collect basic biological data of various plants, including the name of the plant, family and genus classification, growth habits (such as light-loving, shade-tolerant, drought-tolerant, waterlogging-tolerant, cold-tolerant, heat-tolerant, etc.), growth rate, lifespan, adaptability to soil acidity and fertility, tolerance to different climate conditions (temperature, precipitation, sunshine, etc.), root characteristics (root type, depth, distribution range, etc.), reproduction method, symbiotic or antagonistic relationship with other organisms; process the data obtained in the site condition analysis step and associate these data with the basic biological data of plants; 2) Determine screening indicators: 2-1) Ecological adaptability indicators include: 2-1-1) Soil adaptability: Determine the range of soil pH suitable for the growth of each plant. For example, some plants are suitable for growing in acidic soil with a pH of 4.5 - 5.5, while others are suitable for alkaline soil with a pH of 7.0 - 8.0. Determine the optimal and tolerable pH ranges of different plants through experiments and observations as screening indicators; Fertility adaptability: Set the adaptability indicators for soil fertility based on the growth performance of plants in soils with different fertilities, such as the preference for high-fertility soil (e.g., fast-growing tree species) and the tolerance to low-fertility soil (e.g., some pioneer plants); Soil texture adaptability: Analyze the adaptability of plants to different soil textures and determine the preference and tolerance range of each plant for soil texture.

[0037] 2-1-2) Climate adaptability: Temperature range: Determine the minimum and maximum temperature ranges that a plant can tolerate based on its performance in different temperature environments. For example, some tropical plants may suffer from frost damage when the temperature is below 10°C, while cold-temperate plants can survive at low temperatures below -30°C. Accurately define the temperature adaptation range of each plant by observing the physiological and morphological changes of different plants at different temperatures. Precipitation range: Determine the adaptation range of a plant to annual precipitation based on its distribution and growth in different precipitation regions. Some plants can survive in arid regions with an annual precipitation of less than 200 mm, while others require an annual precipitation of more than 1500 mm to grow well. Determine these ranges through field observations and studies on the relationship between climate and plant distribution; Sunshine duration adaptability: Obtain the requirements of plants for sunshine duration through experiments and observations, classify plants into light-loving plants (long sunshine) and shade-tolerant plants (short sunshine), etc., and clarify the range of sunshine duration requirements for different plants. 2-1-3) Topography and geomorphology adaptability: Altitude adaptability: Determine the suitable altitude range of a plant based on its natural distribution at different altitudes. For example, alpine plants are generally distributed in high-altitude areas, and low-altitude plants grow well in low-altitude areas. Determine the altitude adaptation range of each plant by investigating the plant species in different altitude areas; Slope and aspect adaptability: Determine the adaptability indicators for slope and aspect based on the growth performance of plants on slopes with different aspects. For example, some plants are more suitable for growing on sunny slopes because of sufficient sunlight, while some plants can better avoid direct sunlight and reduce water evaporation when growing on shady slopes.

[0038] 2-2) Functional contribution indicators: 2-2-1) Wood production: Timber production: Through actual measurement, determine the annual growth of wood for different plants, which is used as an indicator to measure the timber production function; Timber quality: Evaluate the material properties of wood, including density, hardness, texture, etc. The quality grades of wood for different plants can be determined through laboratory tests and practical application experience. For example, the timber quality can be divided into high-quality, medium-quality, and poor-quality, etc., which is used to screen plants suitable for timber production; Growth rate: By regularly measuring growth indicators such as plant height and diameter at breast height, calculate its growth rate, which is an important indicator for evaluating the timber production potential. Plants with a fast growth rate are more suitable for short-term timber production, while plants with a slow growth rate but good material quality can be used for long-term timber production planning; 2-2-2) Water conservation: Root characteristics: According to the type of plant roots (taproot system, fibrous root system), depth, and distribution range, evaluate its water conservation ability. Plants with deep roots and well-developed fibrous roots can better fix the soil and conserve water. By excavating and measuring the roots, quantify the depth and density of plant roots, which is used as an indicator of the water conservation function; By measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves, analyze its water regulation ability. Plants with a low transpiration rate may have an advantage in water conservation. Determine the transpiration rate of different plants through experimental devices as a screening indicator; 2-2-3) Air purification: Pollutant adsorption capacity: Through laboratory simulation experiments, expose plants to an environment containing pollutants (such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, etc.), and measure the amount of pollutants adsorbed per unit time, which is used as an indicator to screen plants that contribute to the air purification function; Pollutant metabolism ability: Study the physiological metabolism process of plants to understand its conversion and decomposition ability of adsorbed pollutants. For example, by measuring enzyme activity and metabolites in plants, evaluate its pollutant metabolism ability and determine its contribution index in air purification; 2-2-4) Climate regulation: Canopy structure: Analyze the canopy shape, height, leaf area index, etc. of plants. Different canopy structures have different effects on climate regulation. For example, tall and broad tree canopies can better shade and cool down. By measuring the crown width, height, and leaf area index of plants, evaluate its climate regulation ability; Transpiration cooling ability: Combine leaf transpiration and canopy structure to evaluate the ability of plants to regulate the local climate. Plants with strong transpiration can effectively reduce the surrounding environmental temperature. Combine the transpiration rate and canopy structure as an indicator of climate regulation; 2-2-5) Biodiversity: Provide habitat diversity: Evaluate the habitat diversity provided by plants for organisms based on their morphological characteristics (such as trees, shrubs, herbs, vines), flowering periods, fruiting periods, etc. For example, plants with long flowering periods and different fruiting periods can provide more food sources for insects and birds. Determine their indicators for biodiversity conservation based on these characteristics; Niche breadth: Determine the niche breadth of plants through the study of their interactions with other organisms. Plants with a wide niche can provide resources for more organisms. For example, analyze their symbiotic relationships with insects and microorganisms to screen indicators for biodiversity conservation; 2-2-6) Ecotourism value: Ornamental value: Evaluate the ornamental value of plants from their flowers, leaves, fruits, and tree forms, and quantify it into different ornamental grades as indicators for screening plants with ecotourism value; Landscape effect: Evaluate the contribution of plants to the overall landscape effect based on their collocation effects in different seasons and landscapes, and determine the landscape effect indicators of different plants by investigating the aesthetic preferences of the public; S3-2) Establish an evaluation system Quantify evaluation indicators: For the above various screening indicators and parameters, convert them into quantitative indicators, and set the dimension and range for each quantitative indicator to make different indicators comparable; Weight assignment: Use the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weights of different indicators, construct a hierarchical structure model, take the goal of plant species screening as the goal layer, take the ecological adaptability indicators and functional contribution indicators as the criterion layer, and take each specific indicator as the scheme layer; Through pairwise comparison and judgment by professionals, determine the relative importance of each indicator, calculate the weights of each indicator, and dynamically adjust the weights of each indicator according to the set ecological goals; S3-3, Construct a model: Adopt a multi-index decision-making analysis method, comprehensively consider multiple indicators, and rank plant species according to their weights and quantitative values. The plants ranked higher are the selected plant varieties.

[0039] Furthermore, the calculation method of the S5 ecological impact factor includes the following steps: Construct a comprehensive evaluation model: According to the evaluation indicators and data characteristics, use the analytic hierarchy process AHP to determine the weights of each evaluation indicator, and then construct a comprehensive evaluation model by weighted summation; Model Calibration: Substitute the actual data of plant ecological impacts collected into the model. By adjusting the model parameters, make the output results of the model as consistent with the actual data as possible. Adopt the cross-validation method to test the accuracy and stability of the model. Divide the dataset into a training set and a validation set. Use the training set data for model training and the validation set data for validation. Repeat this process multiple times to evaluate the performance of the model on different data subsets. If the model shows a large error during the validation process, further adjust the model structure or parameters to make the output error of the model within the set threshold. Calculation of Ecological Impact Factors: Substitute the preprocessed data into the constructed and calibrated ecological impact assessment model. According to the model formula, calculate the values of each evaluation index in turn, multiply by the corresponding weights and sum them to obtain the ecological impact factors of each selected plant.

[0040] Furthermore, the method for calculating the initial ecological target includes the following steps: 1) Calculation of the Wood Volume Growth Index Determine the growth potential of a single plant's wood: For each selected plant, based on the growth rate-related data in its ecological impact factors and combined with a plant growth model (such as the Richards growth equation, Logistic growth model, etc.), calculate the growth value of the wood volume of a single plant at different stages. Consider the planting density and the area of the region: Combine the forest area division information to determine the planting density of each plant in the core production area. The planting density multiplied by the area of the core production area gives the total number of plants of each type. Multiply the growth of the wood volume of a single plant by the total number of plants to obtain the contribution of the wood volume growth of each plant in the core production area. Aggregate calculation: Sum up the contributions of the wood volume growth of all plant species used for wood production in the core production area to obtain the wood volume growth index of the forest area. The calculation formula is as follows: Where, is the wood volume growth index, n is the number of plant species used for wood production, is the annual growth of the wood volume of a single plant of the th plant species, is the th plant species' total number of plants in the core production area; 2) Calculation of the Index for Improving the Water Conservation Capacity Calculation of the soil water storage capacity: Based on plant roots and soil properties: Using the data on soil improvement and soil erosion prevention and control in the plant ecological impact factors, combined with the soil type and porosity information in the site conditions, calculate the impact of plant roots on the soil water storage capacity; for example, plant roots can increase soil porosity, thereby improving the soil water storage capacity. Calculate the increase ratio of the soil water storage capacity according to the distribution depth, root volume and other parameters of different plant roots and the initial porosity of the soil.

[0041] Consider the regional area and vegetation coverage: Combining the forest area division information, determine the area and vegetation coverage of each functional area. The vegetation coverage refers to the proportion of the coverage area of each plant in the area of the functional area. Multiply the increase ratio of the soil water storage capacity by the area of each functional area and the corresponding vegetation coverage to obtain the increased water storage volume in each functional area due to the action of plant roots. Calculation of surface runoff reduction: Vegetation interception and infiltration: According to the precipitation intercepted by the above-ground part in the plant ecological impact factors, combined with the precipitation intensity and frequency information in the meteorological data, calculate the amount of precipitation intercepted by the vegetation on the surface runoff; at the same time, consider the improvement of the soil infiltration capacity by plants and calculate the reduced surface runoff volume due to the increase in the soil infiltration capacity. Calculate the index of the improvement of water conservation capacity: Add the increased water volume due to soil water storage in each functional area and the reduced surface runoff volume to obtain the index of the improvement of water conservation capacity in the forest area. The calculation formula is expressed as: Among them, is the index of the improvement of water conservation capacity, m is the number of functional areas in the forest area, is the area of the th is the vegetation coverage of the th is the increase in soil water storage capacity caused by plants in the th functional area, is the reduction in surface runoff volume caused by plants in the th functional area; 3) Calculation of the index of the improvement of air purification capacity: Calculation of the air purification capacity of individual plants: According to the air purification part in the plant ecological impact factors, combined with the leaf area, stomatal density and leaf physiological metabolism parameters of plants, calculate the adsorption and conversion amount of different air pollutants per unit time by each plant. Combining the forest area division information, determine the distribution area of each plant in each functional area. Multiply the air pollutant purification amount of the individual plant by its distribution area in each functional area to obtain the total air pollutant purification amount of each plant in each functional area. Calculation of the index of the improvement of air purification capacity: For each major air pollutant, the total purification amounts of all plants in each functional area are added up to obtain the improvement index of the purification capacity of the forest area for that pollutant. For the improvement index of the purification capacity for sulfur dioxide, the calculation formula is: Among them, is the number of plant species, is the number of functional areas in the forest area, is the th plant, is the area of the th plant in the th functional area, and is the purification amount of sulfur dioxide per unit area of the th plant in the th functional area; Then, calculate the improvement indexes of the purification capacities of other air pollutants, and sum up the weighted improvement indexes of the purification capacities of all air pollutants to obtain the total improvement index of air purification capacity; 4) Calculation of biodiversity improvement index: Calculation of species richness improvement index: Among them, is the species richness improvement index, is the th plant, is the number of new species that can be attracted by the th plant per unit area in the th functional area, and is the area proportion of the Utilize the part of the plant ecological impact factors that promotes species symbiosis, combine the interaction relationships among organisms in the ecosystem, and analyze the expansion effect of each plant on niche diversity; by constructing a niche model, quantify the degree of improvement of each plant on niche diversity, combine it with the distribution area of the plant in each functional area, and calculate the contribution of niche diversity increased by plants in each functional area; Biodiversity improvement index: According to their importance, the species richness improvement index and the niche diversity improvement index are weighted and summed to obtain the biodiversity improvement index; 5) Growth index of the annual number of tourists received by eco-tourism: 5-1) Calculation of the improvement of landscape attractiveness: Based on the value of plant landscape construction: According to the landscape construction part of the plant ecological impact factors, combined with the tourist preference data in the tourism market research (such as the preference degree for different plant landscapes, viewing distance, etc.), evaluate the improvement degree of each plant on landscape attractiveness, and quantify it through the landscape aesthetics evaluation method to obtain the landscape attractiveness score of each plant; Consider the landscape layout and the area of the functional area: Combine the forest area division information to determine the area of each functional area and the layout of the plant landscape in each functional area (such as landscape nodes, viewing routes, etc.), multiply the landscape attractiveness score of each plant by its layout weight in each functional area to obtain the attractiveness score improved by the plant landscape in each functional area; 5-2) Accessibility and supporting facilities factors: Combine tourism facilities and traffic conditions: Analyze the traffic accessibility of the forest area (such as the distance from the main tourist sources, road conditions, etc.), the supporting situation of tourism facilities (such as parking lots, catering and accommodation facilities, etc.), and combine these factors with the plant landscape attractiveness to construct an attractiveness-accessibility-facility supporting comprehensive model to comprehensively evaluate the tourism attractiveness of the forest area; 5-3) Calculate the growth index of the annual number of tourists received by eco-tourism Market prediction model: According to the laws of the tourism market and the regional tourism development trend, adopt a market prediction model, use the comprehensively evaluated tourism attractiveness of the forest area as an input parameter, and predict the growth index of the annual number of tourists received by eco-tourism. The calculation formula is expressed as: Among them, is the growth index of the annual number of tourists received by eco-tourism, is the comprehensively evaluated tourism attractiveness of the forest area, is the market prediction function.

[0042] In summary, the above method can accurately grasp the actual situation of the area, greatly improve the scientific nature of the plant configuration plan, and ensure that the forest ecosystem always develops towards the preset ecological goals.

Claims

1. A method for plant configuration to synergistically improve forest ecological products, characterized in that The method includes the following steps: S1, Site condition analysis: Select a forest area of S hectares in a certain mountainous area as the implementation object. Through on-site investigation, obtain the site conditions of the implementation object; S2, Ecological goal setting: Set the growth index of timber volume, the improvement index of water conservation capacity, the improvement index of air purification capacity, the improvement index of biodiversity, and the growth index of the annual number of tourists received for eco-tourism in the forest area within the next N years; S3, Plant species screening: Based on the site conditions, use a plant species screening model to screen out the plant species suitable for planting in this mountainous area; S4, Plant configuration layout planning: Divide the forest area into a core production area, an ecological conservation area, and an eco-tourism area, and obtain the site information of the above areas; S5, Ecological impact factor calculation: Based on the selected plant species, use an ecological impact assessment model to conduct an ecological impact assessment on the selected plant species, and obtain the ecological impact factors of the selected plant species; S6, Initial ecological goal calculation: Based on the obtained ecological impact factors of different plant species and the divided forest area information, use an ecological goal calculation model to calculate the initial ecological goal; S7, Dynamically adjust the ecological goal: According to the set ecological goal, dynamically adjust the divided forest area information and plant species, and calculate the adjusted ecological goal value based on the adjusted forest area information and plant species information until the ecological goal value reaches the set value. Finally, adjust this forest area based on the determined forest area information and plant species information.

2. The plant configuration method for collaborative improvement of forest ecological products according to claim 1, characterized in that The method for S1 site condition analysis includes the following steps: S1-1) Soil condition investigation: According to the grid method, evenly distribute multiple soil sampling points in the forest area. The sampling points cover different topographic positions and vegetation type distribution areas, so that the collected soil samples can fully reflect the soil conditions of the entire area; when collecting soil, use a soil sampler to collect soil samples at different depths at each sampling point, put them into corresponding sample containers respectively, and make good marks; on-site, use a soil pH tester and a soil fertility rapid tester to conduct preliminary tests on the samples, record the approximate values of soil pH, organic matter content, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium in different soil layers at each sampling point, and at the same time observe the soil texture, soil color, and soil structure, and make detailed records; after soil collection, send the collected soil samples to the laboratory for analysis, including the determination of soil trace element content and the analysis of soil microbial communities, to further obtain the fertility status and water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil; S1-2) Topography and geomorphology measurement: Divide the entire forest area into multiple sub-areas according to obvious topographic boundaries or artificially. Use a total station and a GPS locator to measure the key points in each sub-area one by one. Measure the coordinates, altitude, slope, and aspect of each key point, and record the data in real time. At the same time, mark the corresponding measurement point numbers and the information of the sub-areas where they are located. After completing the measurement of one sub-area, sort out and preliminarily check the data. For special topographies, additionally record their morphological characteristics and approximate areas; S1-3) Exploration of water resource distribution: Conduct inspections along the courses of streams and rivers within the forest area, and record the width, depth, water flow velocity, and water quality conditions of the streams and rivers at regular intervals; for existing ponds, puddles, or lakes, record their areas, water depths, and the surrounding vegetation coverage, and analyze their mutual relationships with the surrounding soil and plant growth; select several representative points at different topographic positions, use a water level measuring instrument to detect the depth of the groundwater level, and record the corresponding measurement time and point location information; combine the soil moisture conditions and vegetation growth status, and comprehensively analyze the distribution law of water resources underground and their potential impacts on the forest ecosystem; S1-4) Collection and integration of meteorological data: Install small meteorological stations within the forest area, and regularly upload and record the temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction information monitored by the meteorological stations; obtain the annual average temperature, precipitation, sunshine duration, and extreme climate conditions of this forest area from the local meteorological department, organize and classify them according to the time dimension, and analyze the long-term change trend of the meteorological conditions in this area and their possible periodic impacts on the forest ecosystem; S1-5) Data collation and analysis Unify and summarize all the information on soil conditions, topography, water resource distribution, and meteorological data recorded during the on-site exploration process, and input it into the Geographic Information System (GIS); through statistical analysis of the soil sample test data, draw distribution maps of soil acidity, alkalinity, and fertility status within the entire forest area, and combine with soil texture and structural characteristics to evaluate the suitability of soils in different areas for plant growth; use GIS software to process the topographic measurement data to generate elevation maps and slope aspect maps, and analyze the lighting, water, and soil erosion conditions of different topographic positions; conduct a correlation analysis of the water resource distribution data and meteorological data to obtain the relationships between precipitation and evaporation meteorological factors and the changes in surface water and groundwater levels, and judge the water balance status of the forest area and the potential risks of drought and flood occurrences.

3. The plant configuration method for collaborative improvement of forest ecological products according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for screening plant species in S3 includes the following steps: S3-1) Determine plant characteristics and screening indicators 1) Acquisition of plant characteristic data: Collect basic biological data of various plants, including plant names, family and genus classifications, growth habits, growth rates, lifespans, adaptability to soil acidity and alkalinity and fertility, tolerance to different climate conditions, root system characteristics, reproduction methods, and symbiotic or antagonistic relationships with other organisms; process the data obtained in the site condition analysis step and associate these data with the basic biological data of plants. 2) Determine screening indicators: 2-1) Ecological adaptability indicators include: 2-1-1) Soil adaptability: Determine the range of soil acidity and alkalinity suitable for the growth of each plant, and determine the optimal and tolerable acidity and alkalinity ranges of different plants through experiments and observations as screening indicators; Fertility adaptability: Set the adaptability indicators of plants to soil fertility according to their growth performance in soils with different fertilities; Soil texture adaptability: Analyze the adaptability of plants to different soil textures, and determine the preferences and tolerable ranges of each plant for soil texture. 2-1-2) Climate adaptability: Temperature range: Based on the performance of plants in different temperature environments, determine the minimum and maximum temperature ranges they can tolerate; Precipitation range: According to the distribution and growth of plants in different precipitation regions, determine their adaptation range to annual precipitation; Sunshine duration adaptability: Through experiments and observations, obtain the requirements of plants for sunshine duration. 2-1-3) Topography and geomorphology adaptability: Altitude adaptability: Based on the natural distribution of plants at different altitudes, determine the suitable altitude range; Slope and aspect adaptability: According to the growth performance of plants on different slopes and aspects, determine the adaptability indicators for slopes and aspects. 2-2) Functional contribution indicators: 2-2-1) Wood production: Wood yield: Through actual measurement, determine the annual wood growth of different plants, which is used as an indicator to measure the wood production function; Wood quality: Evaluate the material properties of wood to screen plants suitable for wood production; Growth rate: By regularly measuring the plant height and diameter at breast height of plants, calculate their growth rate. 2-2-2) Water conservation: Root characteristics: According to the type, depth and distribution range of plant roots, evaluate their water conservation ability, which is used as an indicator for the water conservation function; Leaf transpiration: By measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves, analyze their water regulation ability, and use the transpiration rate as a screening indicator. 2-2-3) Air purification: Pollutant adsorption capacity: Expose plants to an environment containing pollutants and measure the amount of pollutants adsorbed per unit time. Pollutant metabolism ability: Analyze the physiological metabolism process of plants to obtain their conversion and decomposition ability of adsorbed pollutants, and determine the contribution indicators in air purification. 2-2-4) Climate regulation: Canopy structure: Analyze the canopy shape, height and leaf area index of plants to evaluate their climate regulation ability; Transpiration cooling ability: Combine leaf transpiration and canopy structure to evaluate the ability of plants to regulate the local climate. 2-2-5) Biodiversity: Provide habitat diversity: According to the morphological characteristics, flowering and fruiting periods of plants, evaluate the habitat diversity provided by them for organisms, and determine the indicators in biodiversity protection based on these characteristics; Niche breadth: Determine the niche breadth of plants through their interactions with other organisms. 2-2-6) Ecotourism value: Ornamental value: Evaluate the ornamental value of plants from their flowers, leaves, fruits and tree shapes, and quantify it into different ornamental grades, which are used as indicators to screen plants with ecotourism value; Landscape effect: According to the collocation effect of plants in different seasons and landscapes, evaluate their contribution to the overall landscape effect, and determine the landscape effect indicators of different plants by investigating the aesthetic preferences of the public. S3-2) Establish an evaluation system Quantify evaluation indicators: For the above various screening indicators and parameters, convert them into quantitative indicators, and set the dimension and range for each quantitative indicator to make different indicators comparable. Weight allocation: The analytic hierarchy process is used to determine the weights of different indicators, and a hierarchical structure model is constructed. The goal of plant species screening is taken as the target layer, the ecological adaptability indicators and functional contribution indicators are taken as the criterion layer, and each specific indicator is taken as the scheme layer; through pairwise comparison and judgment by professionals, the relative importance of each indicator is determined, and the weights of each indicator are calculated and dynamically adjusted according to the set ecological goals; S3-3, Model construction: The multi-index decision analysis method is adopted to comprehensively consider multiple indicators, and the plant species are ranked according to their weights and quantitative values. The plants ranked higher are the selected plant varieties.

4. The plant configuration method for collaborative improvement of forest ecological products according to claim 1, characterized in that The calculation method of the S5 ecological impact factor includes the following steps: Construct a comprehensive evaluation model: According to the evaluation indicators and data characteristics, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to determine the weights of each evaluation indicator, and then a comprehensive evaluation model is constructed by weighted summation; Model calibration: Substitute the actual data of the plant ecological impact collected into the model, and by adjusting the model parameters, make the output result of the model as close as possible to the actual data; The cross-validation method is used to test the accuracy and stability of the model. The data set is divided into a training set and a validation set. The training set data is used for model training, and the validation set data is used for validation. This process is repeated multiple times to evaluate the performance of the model on different data subsets. If the model shows a large error during the validation process, further adjust the model structure or parameters to make the output error of the model within the set threshold; Ecological impact factor calculation: Substitute the preprocessed data into the constructed and calibrated ecological impact assessment model, and calculate the values of each evaluation indicator in turn according to the model formula, sum them after multiplying by the corresponding weights, and obtain the ecological impact factor of each selected plant.

5. The plant configuration method for collaborative improvement of forest ecological products according to claim 1, wherein The calculation method of the initial ecological goal includes the following steps: 1) Calculation of the wood volume growth index Determine the wood growth potential of a single plant: For each selected plant, according to the growth rate-related data in its ecological impact factor and combined with the plant growth model, calculate the wood volume growth value of a single plant at different stages; Consider the planting density and regional area: Combine the forest area division information to determine the planting density of each plant in the core production area. The planting density multiplied by the area of the core production area gives the total number of plants of each plant. Multiply the wood volume growth of a single plant by the total number of plants to obtain the wood volume growth contribution of each plant in the core production area; Summary calculation: Sum up the wood volume growth contributions of all plant species used for wood production in the core production area to obtain the wood volume growth index of the forest area. The calculation formula is as follows: Among them, is the growth index of wood volume, n is the number of plant species used for wood production, is the annual growth of the wood volume per single plant of the th plant species, is the total number of plants of the th plant species in the core production area; 2) Calculation of the index for improving the water conservation capacity Calculation of the soil water storage capacity: Based on the plant roots and soil characteristics: Use the data on soil improvement and soil erosion prevention and control in the plant ecological impact factor, and combine the soil type and porosity information in the site conditions to calculate the impact of plant roots on the soil water storage capacity; Consider the area of the region and vegetation coverage: Combining the forest area division information, determine the area and vegetation coverage of each functional area. The vegetation coverage refers to the proportion of the coverage area of each plant in the area of the functional area. Multiply the increased proportion of soil water storage capacity by the area of each functional area and the corresponding vegetation coverage to obtain the increased water storage volume in each functional area due to the action of plant roots; Calculation of reduced surface runoff: Vegetation interception and infiltration effects: According to the precipitation intercepted by the above-ground part in the plant ecological impact factors, combined with the precipitation intensity and frequency information in the meteorological data, calculate the amount of surface runoff intercepted by the vegetation; at the same time, considering the improvement of the soil infiltration capacity by the plants, calculate the reduced surface runoff due to the increased soil infiltration capacity; Calculate the index of improved water conservation capacity: Add the increased water volume due to soil water storage and the reduced surface runoff in each functional area to obtain the index of improved water conservation capacity in the forest area. The calculation formula is expressed as: Among them, is the index for the improvement of water conservation capacity, m is the number of forest area functional zones, is the area of the th functional zone, is the increase in soil water storage capacity caused by plant action in the th functional zone, and is the reduction in surface runoff caused by plant action in the 3) Calculation of the index of improved air purification capacity: Calculation of the purification capacity of individual plants: According to the air purification part in the plant ecological impact factors, combined with the leaf area, stomatal density and leaf physiological metabolism parameters of the plants, calculate the adsorption and conversion amount of different air pollutants per unit time by each plant; Combining the forest area division information, determine the distribution area of each plant in each functional area. Multiply the purification amount of air pollutants by the individual plant by its distribution area in each functional area to obtain the total purification amount of air pollutants by each plant in each functional area; Calculate the index of improved air purification capacity: For each main air pollutant, add up the total purification amounts of all plants in each functional area to obtain the index of improved purification capacity of the forest area for this pollutant. For the index of improved purification capacity of sulfur dioxide, the calculation formula is: Among them, is the number of plant species, is the number of forest area functional zones, is the th plant in the th functional zone, is the th plant in the th functional zone's purification amount of sulfur dioxide per unit area; Then calculate the index of improved purification capacity of other air pollutants, and sum up the weighted indices of improved purification capacity of all air pollutants to obtain the total index of improved air purification capacity; 4) Calculation of the index of improved biodiversity: Calculation of the index of increased species richness: From the part of providing habitats and promoting species symbiosis in the plant ecological impact factors, combined with the morphological structure, flowering period and fruiting period factors of the plants, estimate the number of new species that each plant can attract or support; Regional area and plant distribution pattern: Combining the forest area division information, determine the area of each functional area and the distribution pattern of each plant in each functional area. Multiply the number of new species that each plant can attract by the proportion of its distribution area in each functional area to obtain the contribution of increased species richness in each functional area due to this plant; Calculate the index of increased species richness: Sum up the contributions of species richness of all plants in each functional area to obtain the index of increased species richness in the forest area. The calculation formula is expressed as: Among them, is the species richness improvement index, is the number of new species that the th plant can attract per unit area in the th functional area; is the area proportion of the th plant in the th functional area. Calculation of the index of increased niche diversity: Utilize the part of the plant ecological impact factors that promotes species symbiosis, combine the interaction relationships among organisms in the ecosystem, and analyze the expansion effect of each plant on niche diversity; by constructing a niche model, quantify the degree of improvement of each plant on niche diversity, combine it with the distribution area of the plant in each functional area, and calculate the contribution of niche diversity increased by plants in each functional area; Biodiversity improvement index: The species richness improvement index and the niche diversity improvement index are weighted and summed according to their importance to obtain the biodiversity improvement index; 5) Growth index of the annual number of tourists received by eco-tourism: 5-1) Calculation of the improvement of landscape attractiveness: Based on the value of plant landscape construction: According to the landscape construction part of the plant ecological impact factors, combine the tourist preference data in the tourism market research, evaluate the improvement degree of each plant on landscape attractiveness, and quantify it through the landscape aesthetics evaluation method to obtain the landscape attractiveness score of each plant; Consider landscape layout and functional area area: Combine the forest area division information, determine the area of each functional area and the layout of the plant landscape in each functional area, multiply the landscape attractiveness score of each plant by its layout weight in each functional area, and obtain the attractiveness score improved by the plant landscape in each functional area; 5-2) Accessibility and facility supporting factors: Combine tourism facilities and traffic conditions: Analyze the traffic accessibility and tourism facility supporting conditions in the forest area, and combine these factors with the plant landscape attractiveness to construct an attractiveness-accessibility-facility supporting comprehensive model to comprehensively evaluate the tourism attractiveness of the forest area; 5-3) Calculate the growth index of the annual number of tourists received by eco-tourism Market prediction model: According to the laws of the tourism market and the regional tourism development trend, adopt a market prediction model, use the comprehensively evaluated tourism attractiveness of the forest area as an input parameter, and predict the growth index of the annual number of tourists received by eco-tourism. The calculation formula is expressed as: Among them, is the growth index of the annual tourist reception volume of eco-tourism, is the tourism attractiveness of the forest area after comprehensive evaluation, is the market prediction function.

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