Sputum suction practice model device
By designing a suction exercise model device containing a half-body model, a lung airbag model and a tracheal airbag, the patient's breathing and coughing is simulated by using electromagnets and motors, the problem of difficulty in simulating shortness of breath and coughing in existing devices is solved, and the training effect is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510336418.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-27
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
The existing suction exercise model device is difficult to simulate the patient's physiological reactions such as shortness of breath and cough, resulting in poor training results.
A device that includes a half-body model, a lung airbag model, a tracheal airbag and a pressing airbag was designed to simulate the patient's breathing and coughing through components such as electromagnets, motors and sliding rheostats.
The device can more realistically simulate the patient's breathing and coughing, increasing the difficulty of sputum suction exercises, thereby improving the training effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN120220515A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of medical care appliances, and particularly relates to a sputum suction practice model device. Background Art
[0002] Medical care appliances refer to various tools, equipment, and instruments used in the medical care process. They are designed and manufactured to help medical staff provide better care and treatment services while ensuring the safety and comfort of patients, such as sphygmomanometers, ventilators, and thermometers.
[0003] The sputum suction practice model is a commonly used teaching tool in medical education and training. It simulates the sputum suction environment of a real human body, enabling medical staff or relevant learners to practice sputum suction techniques without contacting real patients. Through repeated practice, learners can improve the accuracy of intubation and sputum suction, thereby better serving patients in actual operations. However, in real cases, there is tracheal stenosis, and airway obstruction leads to shortness of breath and dyspnea, which is aggravated when there is an increase in respiratory secretions. This is difficult to simulate in the model. When a patient has tracheal stenosis, their breathing will be more rapid, showing varying degrees of dyspnea, presenting inspiratory or expiratory dyspnea. Moreover, coughing may be caused during the intubation or sputum suction process, undoubtedly increasing the difficulty of sputum suction. The sputum suction difficulty of the model is relatively fixed, and it is difficult to simulate physiological reactions such as breathing, rapid breathing, or coughing, resulting in poor training effects of the device. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a sputum suction practice model device to solve the problem that the sputum suction difficulty of the existing model is relatively fixed, that is, it is difficult to simulate physiological reactions such as breathing, rapid breathing, or coughing, resulting in poor training effects of the device.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
[0006] A sputum suction practice model device includes a half-body model, a groove opened on the upper left side of the upper surface of the half-body model, and a lung airbag model clamped to the inner wall of the groove. The right end of the lung airbag model is clamped with a tracheal airbag. The tracheal airbag is communicated with a pressing airbag arranged outside the half-body model through a ventilation pipe. The upper part of the inner wall of the groove is clamped with an upper body rubber cover, and an electromagnet is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the groove. A iron sheet is arranged on the bottom surface of the upper body rubber cover. The inner side wall of an adjustment cavity opened on the right side of the front surface of the half-body model is provided with a sliding rheostat. The right side wall of the adjustment cavity is fixedly connected with a motor. A nut is threadedly connected to the outer surface of a reciprocating lead screw fixedly connected to the output end of the motor. The outer surface of the nut is arranged on the outer surface of the sliding rheostat.
[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0008] A first one-way valve is fixedly communicated with the outer surface of the pressing airbag, and a second one-way valve is fixedly connected to the connection part between the pressing airbag and the ventilation pipe. The ventilation pipe is snap-connected to the second one-way valve.
[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0010] An air pipe airbag block is fixedly communicated with the outer surface of the ventilation pipe. The air inlet end of the first one-way valve is communicated with the outside, and the air outlet end of the first one-way valve and the air inlet end of the second one-way valve are both communicated with the inside of the pressing airbag. The air outlet end of the second one-way valve is communicated with the inside of the air pipe airbag block and the air pipe airbag.
[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0012] A group of telescopic springs are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the iron sheet. The upper end of each telescopic spring is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the upper body rubber cover. The annular rubber strip fixedly connected to the outer surface of the iron sheet is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the upper body rubber cover.
[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0014] Two groups of airbag columns are arranged on the inner wall of the lung airbag model. The upper surfaces and bottom surfaces of the two groups of airbag columns are respectively fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall and the inner bottom wall of the lung airbag model.
[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0016] The clamping block fixedly connected to the left side surface of the lung airbag model is snap-connected to the clamping groove opened on the left side wall of the groove. The iron sheet is located directly above the electromagnet, and the airbag column is located between the iron sheet and the electromagnet.
[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0018] The sliding rheostat includes a resistance wire, a metal rod and a sliding piece. The outer surface of the nut is fixedly connected to the sliding piece. The left end of the resistance wire is electrically connected to the electromagnet. The right end of the metal rod and the electromagnet are respectively electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the power supply arranged inside the half body model.
[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0020] The left end of the reciprocating lead screw is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the adjustment cavity. When the nut moves to the rightmost side, the sliding piece is not in contact with the resistance wire. The inner wall of the adjustment cavity is snap-connected with a side body rubber cover.
[0021] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0022] In the present invention, when the motor operates, it drives the sliding piece to move left and right on the outer surface of the metal rod, causing the resistance in the circuit to continuously change, and continuously changing the current connected to the electromagnet. The smaller the current in the coil of the electromagnet, the weaker the magnetic force. On the contrary, the larger the current in the coil of the electromagnet, the stronger the generated magnetic field, and the stronger the magnetic force of the electromagnet. It simulates the patient's breathing and better restores the influence of the patient's breathing on sputum aspiration during the sputum aspiration process. By continuously pressing the pressing airbag, external air flows into the tracheal airbag, and the air pressure inside the tracheal airbag continuously increases and expands, thereby simulating a patient with tracheal stenosis. The speed change of the motor driving the nut to move simulates the speed of the patient's breathing, better simulating the rapid breathing caused by the patient's tracheal stenosis, increasing the difficulty of sputum aspiration training of the model, and thus enhancing the training effect of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 FIG. is a front sectional structure schematic diagram of a sputum aspiration practice model device proposed by the present invention;
[0024] Figure 2 FIG. is a front structure schematic diagram of a sputum aspiration practice model device proposed by the present invention;
[0025] Figure 3 FIG. is a top sectional structure schematic diagram of an adjustment cavity of a sputum aspiration practice model device proposed by the present invention;
[0026] Figure 4 FIG. is a top structure schematic diagram of a lung airbag model of a sputum aspiration practice model device proposed by the present invention;
[0027] Figure 5 FIG. is a front sectional structure schematic diagram of a tracheal airbag of a sputum aspiration practice model device proposed by the present invention;
[0028] Figure 6 A sputum aspiration practice model device proposed by the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of enlarged structure at A in.
[0029] LEGEND: 1, half body model; 2, tracheal airbag; 3, lung airbag model; 4, groove; 5, upper body rubber cover; 6, iron sheet; 7, electromagnet; 8, adjustment cavity; 9, sliding rheostat; 10, motor; 11, reciprocating lead screw; 12, nut; 13, sliding piece; 14, ventilation pipe; 15, pressing airbag; 16, first one-way valve; 17, second one-way valve; 18, tracheal airbag block; 19, telescopic spring; 20, annular rubber strip; 21, airbag column; 22, clamping block; 23, clamping groove; 24, resistance wire; 25, metal rod; 26, side body rubber cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0030] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0031] Please refer to Figures 1-6 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a sputum suction practice model device, including a half-body model 1, a groove 4 opened on the left side of the upper surface of the half-body model 1, and a lung airbag model 3 clamped on the inner wall of the groove 4. Two groups of airbag columns 21 are arranged on the inner wall of the lung airbag model 3. The upper surfaces and bottom surfaces of the two groups of airbag columns 21 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall and the inner bottom wall of the lung airbag model 3. The arrangement of the airbag columns 21 is beneficial to the reset of the lung airbag model 3. The right end of the lung airbag model 3 is clamped with a tracheal airbag 2. The tracheal airbag 2 is communicated with a pressing airbag 15 arranged outside the half-body model 1 through a ventilation pipe 14. A first one-way valve 16 is fixedly communicated with the outer surface of the pressing airbag 15, and a second one-way valve 17 is fixedly connected to the communication part between the pressing airbag 15 and the ventilation pipe 14. The ventilation pipe 14 is clamped with the second one-way valve 17. An airbag block 18 of the trachea is fixedly communicated with the outer surface of the ventilation pipe 14. The intake end of the first one-way valve 16 is communicated with the outside, and the outlet end of the first one-way valve 16 and the intake end of the second one-way valve 17 are both communicated with the inside of the pressing airbag 15. The outlet end of the second one-way valve 17 is communicated with the inside of the airbag block 18 of the trachea and the tracheal airbag 2, ensuring the air flow direction inside the pressing airbag 15, that is, continuously pressing the pressing airbag 15, so that external air flows through the first one-way valve 16, the pressing airbag 15 and the ventilation pipe 14 into the inside of the tracheal airbag 2 and the airbag block 18 of the trachea. The air pressure inside the tracheal airbag 2 and the airbag block 18 of the trachea continuously increases and expands, thereby simulating a patient with tracheal stenosis and increasing the difficulty of sputum suction practice of the model. The tracheal airbag 2 and the airbag block 18 of the trachea have the same material and inner and outer diameters, and the tracheal airbag 2 and the airbag block 18 of the trachea are communicated. The expansion size of the airbag block 18 of the trachea outside the half-body model 1 can be observed to judge the expansion effect of the tracheal airbag 2. The ventilation pipe 14 can be detached from the outer surface of the second one-way valve 17, so that the air inside the tracheal airbag 2 and the airbag block 18 of the trachea flows out through the ventilation pipe 14, thereby decompressing and resetting the tracheal airbag 2 and the airbag block 18 of the trachea.
[0032] The upper part of the inner wall of the groove 4 is clamped with an upper body rubber cover 5, and the inner bottom wall of the groove 4 is fixedly connected with an electromagnet 7. An electromagnet 7 is a device that generates electromagnetic force when energized. A conductive winding matching its power is wound outside the iron core. This current-carrying coil has magnetism like a magnet. When an iron core is inserted into the inside of the energized solenoid, the iron core is magnetized by the magnetic field of the energized solenoid. After magnetization, the iron core also becomes a magnet. In this way, due to the superposition of the two magnetic fields, the magnetism of the solenoid is greatly enhanced. In order to make the electromagnet 7 have stronger magnetism, the iron core is usually made into a horseshoe shape. The iron core of the electromagnet 7 is made of soft iron and cannot be made of steel. Otherwise, once steel is magnetized, it will keep its magnetism for a long time and cannot be demagnetized. Then the strength of its magnetism cannot be controlled by the magnitude of the current, and the advantages that the electromagnet 7 should have will be lost. Generally speaking, the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet 7 is related to the magnitude of the current, the number of turns of the coil, and the ferromagnetic body in the center. When designing the electromagnet 7, attention will be paid to the distribution of the coil and the selection of the ferromagnetic body, and the magnetic field is controlled by the magnitude of the current. Since the material of the coil has resistance, this limits the magnitude of the magnetic field that the electromagnet 7 can generate.
[0033] The bottom surface of the upper body rubber cover 5 is provided with an iron sheet 6. The clamping block 22 fixedly connected to the left side surface of the lung airbag model 3 is clamped with the clamping groove 23 opened on the left side wall of the groove 4. The cooperation setting of the clamping block 22 and the clamping groove 23 plays a certain limiting role in the clamping of the lung airbag model 3 and the groove 4. The iron sheet 6 is located directly above the electromagnet 7, and the airbag column 21 is located between the iron sheet 6 and the electromagnet 7, which is beneficial to the compression and reset of the lung airbag model 3. The upper surface of the iron sheet 6 is fixedly connected with a group of telescopic springs 19. The upper end of each telescopic spring 19 is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the upper body rubber cover 5. Figure 1 and Figure 6 The telescopic springs 19 in are in a natural state. The annular rubber strip 20 fixedly connected to the outer surface of the iron sheet 6 is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the upper body rubber cover 5. The setting of the annular rubber strip 20 plays a protective role and also plays a certain reset role for the iron sheet 6. The deformation of the telescopic springs 19 and the annular rubber strip 20 is beneficial to the downward movement of the iron sheet 6. On the right side of the front surface of the half body model 1, a sliding rheostat 9 is arranged on the inner side wall of the adjustment cavity 8 opened. The sliding rheostat 9 includes a resistance wire 24, a metal rod 25, and a sliding piece 13.
[0034] The sliding rheostat 9 is a circuit component. It can change its own resistance to control the circuit. In circuit analysis, the sliding rheostat 9 can be regarded as either a fixed resistor or a variable resistor. The sliding rheostat 9 generally consists of five parts: terminals, sliding piece 13, resistance wire 24, metal rod 25, and porcelain cylinder. The resistance wire 24 of the sliding rheostat 9 is wound around the insulating porcelain cylinder, and the outside of the resistance wire 24 is coated with insulating paint. Its working principle is to change the resistance by changing the length of the resistance wire 24 connected to the circuit, thereby gradually changing the magnitude of the current in the circuit. The resistance wire 24 of the sliding rheostat 9 is generally made of nickel-chromium alloy with a high melting point and high resistance, and the metal rod 25 is generally made of metal with low resistance. Therefore, when the cross-sectional area of the resistance is constant, the longer the resistance wire 24, the greater the resistance, and the shorter the resistance wire, the smaller the resistance. The outer surface of the nut 12 is fixedly connected to the sliding piece 13. The left end of the resistance wire 24 is electrically connected to the electromagnet 7, and the right end of the metal rod 25 and the electromagnet 7 are respectively electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the mobile power source arranged inside the half-body model 1.
[0035] The right end of the metal rod 25 is connected to the positive pole of the mobile power supply, and the electromagnet 7 is connected to the negative pole of the mobile power supply. When the motor 10 works, it drives the reciprocating lead screw 11 to rotate. The nut 12 moves left and right on the outer surface of the reciprocating lead screw 11. As a result, the sliding piece 13 fixedly connected to the outer surface of the nut 12 moves left and right on the outer surface of the metal rod 25, causing the resistance in the circuit to change continuously, and the current connected to the electromagnet 7 to change continuously. The left end of the reciprocating lead screw 11 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the adjustment cavity 8. When the nut 12 moves to the rightmost side, the sliding piece 13 does not contact the resistance wire 24, that is, the device is open-circuited, and the electromagnet 7 has no magnetism, causing the iron sheet 6 to reset under the combined action of the telescopic spring 19 and the annular rubber strip 20. During the process of the sliding piece 13 continuously moving to the right on the outer surface of the metal rod 25, the resistance increases continuously, the current in the coil of the electromagnet 7 becomes smaller, and the magnetism of the electromagnet 7 also becomes weaker. On the contrary, the leftward movement of the sliding piece 13 causes the resistance to decrease continuously, the current in the coil of the electromagnet 7 becomes larger, the generated magnetic field becomes stronger, and the magnetism of the electromagnet 7 also becomes stronger. During the process, the iron sheet 6 continuously presses down the lung airbag model 3 under the change of the magnetic strength of the electromagnet 7. The air inside the lung airbag model 3 flows to the outside through the tracheal airbag 2. The iron sheet 6 resets under the combined action of the telescopic spring 19 and the annular rubber strip 20. The lung airbag model 3 resets under the setting of the airbag column 21, simulating the patient's breathing, and better restoring the influence of the patient's breathing on sputum suction during the sputum suction process. At the same time, the speed change of the motor 10 driving the nut 12 simulates the speed of the patient's breathing, and better simulates the rapid breathing caused by the patient's tracheal stenosis. The rapid rotation of the motor 10 driving the reciprocating lead screw 11 causes the current to change rapidly, and the air inside the lung airbag model 3 flows out rapidly, simulating physiological reactions such as coughing, increasing the difficulty of model training for sputum suction, and thus increasing the training effect of the device. The inner wall of the adjustment cavity 8 is clamped with a side rubber cover 26. The right side wall of the adjustment cavity 8 is fixedly connected with a motor 10. The outer surface of the reciprocating lead screw 11 fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 10 is threadedly connected with a nut 12. The outer surface of the nut 12 is arranged on the outer surface of the sliding rheostat 9.
[0036] Working principle: When in use, the right end of the metal rod 25 and the electromagnet 7 are respectively electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the mobile power source arranged inside the half-body model 1. The motor 10 is connected to the mobile power source. When the motor 10 works, it drives the reciprocating lead screw 11 to rotate. The nut 12 moves left and right reciprocally on the outer surface of the reciprocating lead screw 11, thereby causing the sliding piece 13 to move left and right on the outer surface of the metal rod 25, making the resistance in the circuit continuously change, and continuously changing the current connected to the electromagnet 7. The smaller the current in the coil of the electromagnet 7, the weaker the magnetic force, and the weaker the magnetic force of the electromagnet 7. On the contrary, the leftward movement of the sliding piece 13 causes the resistance to continuously decrease, the current in the coil of the electromagnet 7 to increase, the generated magnetic field to be stronger, and the magnetic force of the electromagnet 7 to be stronger, simulating the patient's breathing and better restoring the influence of the patient's breathing on sputum aspiration during sputum aspiration. Continuously pressing the pressing airbag 15 causes external air to flow into the inside of the tracheal airbag 2 through the first one-way valve 16, the pressing airbag 15 and the ventilation pipe 14. The air pressure inside the tracheal airbag 2 continuously increases and expands, thereby simulating a patient with tracheal stenosis. The speed change of the motor 10 driving the nut 12 to move simulates the speed of the patient's breathing. The rapid rotation of the motor 10 driving the reciprocating lead screw 11 causes the current to change rapidly, and the air inside the lung airbag model 3 flows out rapidly, simulating physiological reactions such as coughing, better simulating the rapid breathing caused by the patient's tracheal stenosis, increasing the difficulty of sputum aspiration training of the model, and thus increasing the training effect of the device.
[0037] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A sputum suction training model device, comprising a half-body model (1), a groove (4) provided on the left side of the upper surface of the half-body model (1) and a lung air sac model (3) engaged with the inner wall of the groove (4), characterized in that: The right end of the lung airbag model (3) is clamped with a tracheal airbag (2), and the tracheal airbag (2) is connected to a pressing airbag (15) arranged outside the half-body model (1) through a ventilation tube (14). The upper part of the inner wall of the groove (4) is clamped with an upper body rubber cover (5), and the inner bottom wall of the groove (4) is fixedly connected with an electromagnet (7), and the bottom surface of the upper body rubber cover (5) is provided with an iron sheet (6). The inner side wall of the adjustment cavity (8) opened on the right side of the front of the half-body model (1) is provided with a sliding rheostat (9), and the right side wall of the adjustment cavity (8) is fixedly connected with a motor (10), and the outer surface of the reciprocating screw (11) fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (10) is threadedly connected with a nut (12), and the outer surface of the nut (12) is arranged on the outer surface of the sliding rheostat (9).
2. A sputum suction training model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the pressing airbag (15) is fixedly connected to a first one-way valve (16), and the connection point between the pressing airbag (15) and the ventilation pipe (14) is fixedly connected to a second one-way valve (17), and the ventilation pipe (14) and the second one-way valve (17) are clamped together.
3. A sputum suction training model device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of the ventilation pipe (14) is fixedly connected to a tracheal airbag block (18); the air inlet end of the first one-way valve (16) is connected to the outside, and the air outlet end of the first one-way valve (16) and the air inlet end of the second one-way valve (17) are both connected to the interior of the pressing airbag (15); the air outlet end of the second one-way valve (17) is connected to the tracheal airbag block (18) and the interior of the tracheal airbag (2).
4. A sputum suction training model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A group of telescopic springs (19) are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the iron sheet (6), and the upper end of each telescopic spring (19) is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the upper body rubber cover (5). The annular rubber strip (20) fixedly connected to the outer surface of the iron sheet (6) is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the upper body rubber cover (5).
5. A sputum suction training model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the lung airbag model (3) is provided with two groups of airbag columns (21), and the upper surfaces and bottom surfaces of the two groups of airbag columns (21) are respectively fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall and the inner bottom wall of the lung airbag model (3).
6. A sputum suction training model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping block (22) fixedly connected to the left side of the lung airbag model (3) is clamped with the clamping groove (23) provided on the left side wall of the groove (4); the iron sheet (6) is located directly above the electromagnet (7); and the airbag column (21) is located between the iron sheet (6) and the electromagnet (7).
7. A sputum suction training model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding rheostat (9) comprises a resistance wire (24), a metal rod (25) and a sliding plate (13); the outer surface of the nut (12) is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (13); the left end of the resistance wire (24) is electrically connected to the electromagnet (7); the right end of the metal rod (25) and the electromagnet (7) are respectively electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of a power supply arranged inside the bust model (1).
8. The sputum suction training model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left end of the reciprocating screw rod (11) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the adjusting chamber (8); when the nut (12) moves to the rightmost side, the sliding plate (13) is not in contact with the resistance wire (24); and a side rubber cover (26) is clamped on the inner wall of the adjusting chamber (8).