Novel laser processing head based on gas wall assisted laser cladding right-angle groove

Abstract

The novel laser machining head comprises a base body and a nozzle, a groove is formed in the bottom of the base body, the groove corresponds to the nozzle, the bottom of the base body is connected with a disassembling assembly, the disassembling assembly corresponds to the nozzle, limiting assemblies are arranged on the two sides of the base body, and the limiting assemblies are arranged on the base body. A clamping opening is connected to one side of the limiting assembly, a universal bamboo joint pipe is connected to one side of the clamping opening, an air conveying pipe is connected to one side of the universal bamboo joint pipe, a flow deflector is arranged in the air conveying pipe, an adjusting assembly is connected to one side of the flow deflector, and a balancing weight is connected to one side of the air conveying pipe. The adjusting assembly is arranged in the balancing weight, the disassembling assembly comprises a ratchet wheel, the ratchet wheel is rotationally connected with the base body, a circular groove is formed in the middle of the ratchet wheel, and the circular groove corresponds to the groove.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser processing heads, and particularly to a novel laser processing head based on air wall assisted laser cladding of right-angle grooves. Background Art

[0002] In many fields such as mechanical manufacturing, energy equipment, and aerospace, parts with right-angle groove structures are widely used due to their functional requirements. However, during the multi-layer laser cladding process of right-angle grooves, uneven heat accumulation is likely to occur at the corners of the cladding layer. When stacking layer by layer, the molten pool metal will have an imbalance in fluidity under the action of gravity and surface tension, resulting in the overflow of the molten metal in the molten pool at the open end of the groove and forming local collapse defects. Although the existing processes are optimized by adjusting parameters such as laser power and scanning path, there is still a lack of effective solutions for the dynamic molten pool control of multi-layer cladding of right-angle grooves. At the same time, the disassembly and assembly of the nozzle of the laser processing head in the prior art are relatively complex, increasing the burden on the staff and making it difficult to improve work efficiency.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a novel laser processing head based on air wall assisted laser cladding of right-angle grooves, which can achieve the effects of high efficiency and convenience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel laser processing head based on air wall assisted laser cladding of right-angle grooves to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A novel laser processing head based on air wall assisted laser cladding of right-angle grooves, comprising a base body and a nozzle.

[0006] A groove is provided at the bottom of the base body, which corresponds to the nozzle. A disassembly component is connected to the bottom of the base body, which corresponds to the nozzle.

[0007] Limiting components are provided on both sides of the base body. A bayonet is connected to one side of the limiting component. A universal joint corrugated pipe is connected to one side of the bayonet. An air delivery pipe is connected to one side of the universal joint corrugated pipe.

[0008] A flow guiding piece is provided inside the air delivery pipe. An adjusting component is connected to one side of the flow guiding piece. A counterweight is connected to one side of the air delivery pipe. The adjusting component is arranged inside the counterweight.

[0009] In one embodiment, the disassembly component includes a ratchet wheel, which is rotatably connected to the base body. A circular groove is formed in the middle of the ratchet wheel, which corresponds to the groove. A through groove is formed on one side of the ratchet wheel. A circular block is fixedly connected to one side of the nozzle, and the through groove corresponds to the circular block. A convex block is connected to the top of the nozzle, and the convex block corresponds to the groove. A locking component is arranged on one side of the ratchet wheel.

[0010] In one embodiment, the locking component includes a pawl, one end of which is rotatably connected to the base body. The pawl corresponds to the ratchet wheel, and a secondary locking component is connected to one side of the pawl.

[0011] In one embodiment, the secondary locking component includes a first spring, which is fixedly connected to the pawl. A round rod is fixedly connected to one side of the base body, and the other end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the round rod.

[0012] In one embodiment, an indicating block is fixedly connected to one side of the base body.

[0013] In one embodiment, the limiting component includes a sliding guide rail, which is slidably connected to the base body. A long groove is formed inside the sliding guide rail, and an adjusting bolt is arranged inside the long groove. Bolt grooves are formed on both sides of the base body, and the adjusting bolt corresponds to the bolt grooves. The sliding guide rail is connected to the bayonet.

[0014] In one embodiment, a T-shaped block is arranged inside the bayonet. A T-shaped groove is arranged on one side of the sliding guide rail, and the T-shaped groove corresponds to the T-shaped block. Bolts are arranged on both sides of the bayonet.

[0015] In one embodiment, the adjusting component includes a first crown gear, which is fixedly connected to the inside of the counterweight. A second crown gear is meshed and connected to one side of the first crown gear. A telescopic rod is fixedly connected to one side of the second crown gear. A second spring is arranged on the outside of the telescopic rod, and the other end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the inside of the counterweight. A notch is formed in the middle of the first crown gear, and a long rod passes through the notch. The long rod is fixedly connected to the second crown gear and is slidably connected to the counterweight. A rocker is connected to one side of the second crown gear, and the rocker is connected to the guide vane.

[0016] In one embodiment, the rocker is movably connected to the second crown gear, and the rocker is universally connected to the inside of the counterweight. A support block is fixedly connected to the inside of the counterweight, and the support block is rotatably connected to the second crown gear.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. The present invention is provided with a disassembly and assembly component. The convex block and the concave groove form complementary positioning in shape, and cooperate with the axial fitting and guiding of the round block and the through groove. After the nozzle rotates into place, it is automatically locked. The one-way rotation characteristic of the ratchet mechanism and the locking component cooperate to ensure stability during the working state while preventing reverse loosening. When disassembling, only the locking needs to be released and then it can be rotated in the reverse direction to separate, which not only avoids the risk of misoperation but also realizes quick disassembly and assembly without tools, improving the work efficiency.

[0019] 2. Through the cooperation among the gas delivery pipe, the universal bellows pipe, the bayonet, and the limiting component, the present invention effectively optimizes the process, prevents the collapse of the cladding coating, and saves the trouble of excessive cladding coating. Thus, the processing cost is greatly reduced, and the processing quality of the parts with right-angle grooves is improved. The limiting component is convenient for adjusting the stroke of the air wall structure and the position of the air wall, increasing the flexibility of the air wall structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The technical solutions and other beneficial effects of the present application will become obvious through the detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the drawings.

[0021] In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is the partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the disassembly and assembly component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is the partial schematic diagram of the base body of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the nozzle of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the gas delivery pipe, the counterweight, and the air outlet of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the adjusting component of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 is the partial schematic diagram of the adjusting component of the present invention;

[0030] In the figure: 1. Base body; 101. Sliding guide rail; 102. Adjusting bolt; 103. Bayonet; 104. Ratchet; 105. Pawl; 106. Spring I; 107. Indicator block; 108. Through groove; 109. Concave groove;

[0031] 2. Nozzle; 201. Convex block; 202. Round block;

[0032] 3. Universal joint corrugated pipe; 301. Gas transmission pipe; 302. Air outlet; 303. Counterweight; 304. Flow guiding vane; 305. Crown gear one; 306. Crown gear two; 307. Long rod; 308. Telescopic rod; 309. Spring two; 310. Support block; 311. Rocker; 312. Notch. Specific implementation manner

[0033] The following disclosure provides many different implementation manners or examples for implementing different structures of the present application. To simplify the disclosure of the present application, components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples and are not intended to limit the present application. In addition, the present application may repeat reference numerals and / or reference letters in different examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and does not itself indicate the relationship between various implementation manners and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present application provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but those of ordinary skill in the art can be aware of the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 1-8 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a new type of laser processing head based on a gas wall-assisted laser cladding right-angle groove, which includes a base body 1 and a nozzle 2.

[0035] A groove 109 is formed at the bottom of the base body 1. The groove 109 corresponds to the nozzle 2. A disassembly component is connected to the bottom of the base body 1, and the disassembly component corresponds to the nozzle 2.

[0036] Limit components are arranged on both sides of the base body 1. A bayonet 103 is connected to one side of the limit component. A universal joint corrugated pipe 3 is connected to one side of the bayonet 103. A gas transmission pipe 301 is connected to one side of the universal joint corrugated pipe 3.

[0037] A flow guiding vane 304 is arranged inside the gas transmission pipe 301. An adjusting component is connected to one side of the flow guiding vane 304. A counterweight 303 is connected to one side of the gas transmission pipe 301, and the adjusting component is arranged inside the counterweight 303.

[0038] Specifically, one side of the gas delivery pipe 301 is connected to an air compressor. After the gas is filled, it forms an air wall through the flow guide vane 304 and finally discharges from the air outlet 302. The universal bellows pipe 3 is used to adjust the position of the air wall structure and connect to the laser processing head as a connecting rod. The high-speed gas formed by the air compressor is introduced into the gas delivery pipe 301 and finally forms an air wall through the internal flow guide vane 304 to prevent the molten pool from flowing out and the coating from collapsing. The combined use of the universal bellows pipe 3 and the limit component can be used to adjust the position and angle of the air wall, increasing the flexibility of the air wall structure. The disassembly component makes the nozzle 2 easy to disassemble and replace, reducing manual operation and improving work efficiency. The adjustment component can conveniently adjust the angle of the flow guide vane 304. By setting the quick-release nozzle 2, the equipment maintenance time is reduced, significantly improving the production efficiency. Through the cooperation of the limit component and the adjustment component, the air wall can be quickly adjusted, and the adaptability of the device is high. By setting the cooperation of the gas delivery pipe 301 and the processing head, this structure can effectively optimize the process, prevent the collapse of the cladding coating, and eliminate the trouble of excessive cladding coating. Thereby greatly reducing the processing cost and improving the processing quality of parts containing right-angle grooves.

[0039] The disassembly component includes a ratchet wheel 104. The ratchet wheel 104 is rotatably connected to the base body 1. A circular groove is provided in the middle of the ratchet wheel 104, which corresponds to the groove 109. A through groove 108 is provided on one side of the ratchet wheel 104. A circular block 202 is fixedly connected to one side of the nozzle 2, and the through groove 108 corresponds to the circular block 202. A convex block 201 is connected to the top of the nozzle 2, and the convex block 201 corresponds to the groove 109. A locking component is provided on one side of the ratchet wheel 104.

[0040] Specifically, when the relevant personnel are ready to install the nozzle 2, first align the top of the nozzle 2 with the groove 109 of the base body 1. At this time, the round block 202 on one side of the nozzle 2 just aligns with the through groove 108 inside the ratchet wheel 104. Insert the nozzle 2 into the inside of the base body 1. The round block 202 just inserts into the inside of the through groove 108, and the top of the nozzle 2 just inserts into the inside of the groove 109. Then rotate the nozzle 2. Because the round block 202 fixedly connected to the nozzle 2 inserts into the inside of the through groove 108, at this time the ratchet wheel 104 rotates together with the rotation of the nozzle 2. After rotating for a while, the convex block 201 of the nozzle 2 abuts against the inside of the groove 109 and cannot rotate any further. At this time, the locking component restricts the ratchet wheel 104 to rotate only in one direction, and this direction no longer rotates. Therefore, the whole is stable and the nozzle 2 is installed. When it needs to be opened, open the locking component and rotate it in the reverse direction. The convex block 201 just fits inside the groove 109. The groove 109 is not circular but only a part. Therefore, after rotating for a while, the convex block 201 can abut against the base body 1 and thus stop moving to achieve fixation. By providing a disassembly and assembly component, the nozzle 2 can be easily replaced. During the installation process, only a single rotation is required to complete the fixation. The locking component ensures double stability. At the same time, during disassembly, rapid disassembly is achieved by reversing the rotation after unlocking, and the replacement operation of the nozzle 2 can be completed without special tools, which is simple, fast and saves manpower.

[0041] The locking component includes a pawl 105. One end of the pawl 105 is rotatably connected to the base body 1. The pawl 105 corresponds to the ratchet wheel 104. A secondary locking component is connected to one side of the pawl 105.

[0042] Specifically, the pawl 105 restricts the ratchet wheel 104 to rotate only in one direction, and this direction is the fixing method. After fixation, due to the restriction of the pawl 105, the ratchet wheel 104 will not reverse. Therefore, the whole is stable. The secondary locking component of the pawl 105 ensures that the pawl 105 will not disengage from the ratchet wheel 104 under normal circumstances, further ensuring stability.

[0043] The secondary locking component includes a first spring 106. The first spring 106 is fixedly connected to the pawl 105. A round rod is fixedly connected to one side of the base body 1. The other end of the first spring 106 is fixedly connected to the round rod.

[0044] Specifically, the first spring 106 is stretched under normal circumstances, that is, the first spring 106 needs to retract. When retracting, it pulls the pawl 105, making the pawl 105 always fit against the ratchet wheel 104 to ensure that it will not disengage from the ratchet wheel 104, thereby restricting the ratchet wheel 104 to rotate in one direction. When it needs to be disassembled, the pawl 105 can be manually pushed aside. By setting up a double-locking component, the continuous pulling force of the spring 106 keeps the pawl 105 in contact with the ratchet wheel 104 all the time, without the need for external energy or manual intervention, ensuring that the ratchet wheel 104 can only rotate unidirectionally in the preset direction, effectively preventing reverse loosening caused by vibration or sudden load changes during the working state.

[0045] One side of the base body 1 is fixedly connected with an indicating block 107.

[0046] Specifically, the indicating block 107 is a mark. When installing and inserting, the through slot 108 corresponding to the round block 202 is just aligned with the indicating block 107. Therefore, when installing and inserting is required, the ratchet wheel 104 is rotated to make the through slot 108 reach the corresponding position and then inserted.

[0047] The limiting component includes a sliding guide rail 101. The sliding guide rail 101 is slidably connected to the base body 1. A long slot is opened inside the sliding guide rail 101, and an adjusting bolt 102 is arranged inside the long slot. Bolt slots are opened on both sides of the base body 1, and the adjusting bolt 102 corresponds to the bolt slots. The sliding guide rail 101 is connected to the bayonet 103.

[0048] Specifically, by rotating out the adjusting bolt 102 to change its axial position in the long slot, the maximum moving distance of the sliding guide rail 101 on the base body 1 can be limited. When the adjusting bolt 102 is on the left side, the left end of the sliding guide rail 101 is limited at the position of the adjusting bolt 102 and cannot move further. Thereby, the positions of the bayonet 103 and the air wall are restricted. The stroke of the air wall structure can be adjusted according to the actual processing situation. It is convenient to adjust the position of the air wall and increases the flexibility of the air wall structure.

[0049] A T-shaped block is arranged inside the bayonet 103, a T-shaped groove is arranged on one side of the sliding guide rail 101, the T-shaped groove corresponds to the T-shaped block, and bolts are arranged on both sides of the bayonet 103.

[0050] Specifically, loosen the bolts, and the T-shaped block of the bayonet 103 slides along the T-shaped groove into the inside of the sliding guide rail 101, and then tighten the bolts to fix. The T-shaped structure has strong lateral force resistance and is suitable for high-frequency swinging working conditions.

[0051] The adjusting component includes a first crown gear 305, which is fixedly connected to the inner side of the counterweight 303. One side of the first crown gear 305 is meshed with a second crown gear 306. One side of the second crown gear 306 is rotatably connected to a telescopic rod 308. A second spring 309 is arranged on the outer side of the telescopic rod 308. The other end of the telescopic rod 308 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the counterweight 303. A notch 312 is formed in the middle of the first crown gear 305. A long rod 307 is inserted into the notch 312. The long rod 307 is fixedly connected to the second crown gear 306 and is slidably connected to the counterweight 303. One side of the second crown gear 306 is connected to a rocker 311, and the rocker 311 is connected to the deflector 304.

[0052] Specifically, when the deflector 304 needs to be adjusted, at this time, the long rod 307 is pushed into the counterweight 303. At this time, the first crown gear 305 is fixed, and the second crown gear 306 is fixedly connected to the long rod 307. Therefore, the second crown gear 306 will move towards the side of the second spring 309. The internal telescopic rod 308 plays a guiding role. When pushing, the telescopic rod 308 will also become shorter. At this time, the second spring 309 is compressed, and there is a rebound force. When the second crown gear 306 moves during the pushing process and separates from the first crown gear 305 until they are no longer meshed, at this time, the long rod 307 is rotated. In this way, the second crown gear 306 will rotate, driving one end of the rocker 311 to move. The rocker 311 uses the connection point with the counterweight 303 as a fulcrum. When one end rises, the other end will fall, so that the angle of the deflector 304 can be adjusted. After the adjustment is completed, the long rod 307 is released. Under the rebound force of the second spring 309, it will push the second crown gear 306 back to its original position and re-engage with the first crown gear 305. If it cannot be just meshed, it can be slightly adjusted. One side edge of the deflector 304 is flexible and made of silica gel material. In this way, when the long rod 307 moves, the silica gel material makes the deflector 304 also a movable part, so that it can be adjusted. By setting the adjusting component, the angle of the deflector 304 can be adjusted by pushing and rotating, which is simple to operate, improves work efficiency, and enhances the adaptability of the device.

[0053] The rocker 311 is movably connected to the second crown gear 306. The rocker 311 is connected to the inside of the counterweight 303 in a universal joint manner. A support block 310 is fixedly connected to the inside of the counterweight 303, and the support block 310 is rotatably connected to the second crown gear 306.

[0054] Specifically, the rocker 311 is movably connected to the second crown gear 306. In this way, when the second crown gear 306 can drive the rocker 311 to rise or fall, thereby realizing the adjustment of the deflector 304. The rocker 311 is connected to the inside of the counterweight 303 in a universal joint manner, which is also convenient for moving and adjusting. The support block 310 provides a certain supporting force for the second crown gear 306.

[0055] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows for mutual communication; it can be a direct connection, a connection through the interior of two components, or an interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0056] The above has introduced in detail the novel laser processing head based on an air wall-assisted laser cladding right-angle groove provided by the embodiments of the present application. Specific examples are used herein to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the technical solution and its core idea of the present application; those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A novel laser processing head based on gas wall assisted laser cladding of right angle grooves, comprising a substrate (1) and a nozzle (2), characterized in that: The bottom of the base (1) is provided with a groove (109), the groove (109) corresponds to the nozzle (2), and the bottom of the base (1) is connected with a disassembly component, the disassembly component corresponds to the nozzle (2); Limiting components are provided on both sides of the base (1); one side of the limiting component is connected to a bayonet (103); one side of the bayonet (103) is connected to a universal bamboo tube (3); and one side of the universal bamboo tube (3) is connected to an air delivery pipe (301); A guide plate (304) is arranged inside the gas delivery pipe (301), one side of the guide plate (304) is connected to an adjustment component, one side of the gas delivery pipe (301) is connected to a counterweight (303), and the adjustment component is arranged inside the counterweight (303).

2. The novel laser processing head based on gas wall assisted laser cladding right angle groove according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The disassembly assembly comprises a ratchet (104), wherein the ratchet (104) and the base (1) are rotatably connected, a circular groove is provided in the middle of the ratchet (104), and the circular groove corresponds to the groove (109), a through groove (108) is provided on one side of the ratchet (104), a round block (202) is fixedly connected to one side of the nozzle (2), and the through groove (108) corresponds to the round block (202), a convex block (201) is connected to the top of the nozzle (2), and the convex block (201) corresponds to the groove (109), and a locking assembly is provided on one side of the ratchet (104).

3. The novel laser processing head based on gas wall assisted laser cladding right angle groove according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The locking assembly comprises a pawl (105), one end of which is rotatably connected to the base (1), the pawl (105) corresponds to the ratchet wheel (104), and one side of the pawl (105) is connected to a secondary locking assembly.

4. The novel laser processing head based on gas wall assisted laser cladding right angle groove according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The secondary locking assembly comprises a spring 1 (106), wherein the spring 1 (106) and the pawl (105) are fixedly connected, a round rod is fixedly connected to one side of the base (1), and the other end of the spring 1 (106) and the round rod are fixedly connected.

5. The novel laser processing head based on gas wall assisted laser cladding right angle groove according to claim 2 is characterized in that: An indicator block (107) is fixedly connected to one side of the base body (1).

6. The novel laser processing head based on gas wall assisted laser cladding right angle groove according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The limit assembly comprises a sliding guide rail (101), the sliding guide rail (101) and the base (1) are slidably connected, a long groove is provided inside the sliding guide rail (101), an adjusting bolt (102) is arranged inside the long groove, bolt grooves are provided on both sides of the base (1), the adjusting bolt (102) and the bolt grooves correspond to each other, and the sliding guide rail (101) and the bayonet (103) are connected.

7. The novel laser processing head based on gas wall assisted laser cladding right angle groove according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A T-shaped block is arranged inside the bayonet (103), a T-shaped slot is arranged on one side of the sliding guide rail (101), the T-shaped slot and the T-shaped block correspond to each other, and bolts are arranged on both sides of the bayonet (103).

8. The novel laser processing head based on gas wall assisted laser cladding right angle groove according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The adjustment assembly comprises a crown gear 1 (305), the crown gear 1 (305) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the counterweight (303), one side of the crown gear 1 (305) is meshedly connected to a crown gear 2 (306), one side of the crown gear 2 (306) is rotatably connected to a telescopic rod (308), a spring 2 (309) is arranged on the outer side of the telescopic rod (308), and the other end of the telescopic rod (308) is connected to the counterweight (303). The inner side is fixedly connected, a notch (312) is provided in the middle of the crown gear 1 (305), a long rod (307) is passed through the inside of the notch (312), the long rod (307) and the crown gear 2 (306) are fixedly connected, the long rod (307) and the counterweight (303) are slidably connected, a rocker (311) is connected to one side of the crown gear 2 (306), and the rocker (311) is connected to the guide vane (304).

9. The novel laser processing head based on gas wall assisted laser cladding right angle groove according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rocker (311) and the second crown gear (306) are movably connected, the rocker (311) and the inside of the counterweight (303) are universally connected, the inside of the counterweight (303) is fixedly connected with a support block (310), and the support block (310) and the second crown gear (306) are rotatably connected.

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