A high heat flux airborne coupled cooling system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of cooling equipment, and specifically to an airborne coupled cooling system with high heat flux density, comprising a liquid storage tank, a cooling pump, a first heat exchange part, and a second heat exchange part connected in sequence, wherein the second heat exchange part is connected to the liquid storage tank; the first heat exchange part comprises a shell and a heat exchanger in contact with a cooled device, the heat exchanger is located in the shell, and at least one nozzle connected to the cooling pump is provided in the shell, and the heat exchanger is located in front of the nozzle. The present application adopts a coupled cooling method, integrating multiple cooling technologies into an integrated design, with a small size and light weight, and can achieve high heat flux density cooling of the heat source of airborne equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cooling equipment, in particular to an airborne coupled cooling system with high heat flux density. Background Art

[0002] Directed energy weapons have the characteristics of short working time, high heat generation, concentrated heat, and difficulty in quickly releasing heat when fired. As aircraft performance improves, the requirements for defensive performance are also increasing. Installing directed energy weapons on aircraft for defense or attack is a feasible technical solution. When such weapons are fired, they generate huge amounts of heat, with local surface heat flux density on the order of hundreds or even thousands of W / cm 2 , the heat flux density of cooling and heat dissipation is high; in addition, the power of high-power electronic countermeasure equipment is getting higher and higher, and the heat flux density required for cooling has reached hundreds of W / cm 2 If effective measures are not taken to efficiently cool high-power heating devices and reduce their surface temperature, it will not only affect their working efficiency but also burn out the devices, affecting flight safety and mission execution.

[0003] Under ground or vehicle-mounted conditions, there is a large space to install cooling equipment for directed energy weapons. Cooling can be achieved through technical measures such as increasing the heat dissipation area of ​​the heat source surface, reducing the heat flux density, and increasing the volume of the liquid storage tank to store cold. To a certain extent, the heat dissipation needs of rapid cooling can be met.

[0004] In an airborne environment, installation space is limited, and the cooling system cannot be too large or heavy. Therefore, how to solve the problem of cooling high heat flux density? How to quickly dissipate the huge amount of heat generated by airborne directed energy weapons during operation, prevent excessive temperatures from burning out components, and ensure stable performance are key issues that need to be urgently addressed in the cooling of airborne directed energy weapons. Spray cooling is commonly used, such as patents CN 2018102806932 and CN2018101313980. However, this conventional cooling technology can no longer meet the cooling requirements of high heat flux density in airborne environments. A new refrigeration device is needed to address these technical issues. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an airborne coupled cooling system with high heat flux density to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] An airborne coupled cooling system with high heat flux density comprises a liquid storage tank, a cooling pump, a first heat exchange part, and a second heat exchange part connected in sequence, wherein the second heat exchange part is in communication with the liquid storage tank;

[0008] The first heat exchange portion includes a housing and a heat exchanger in contact with the device to be cooled, the heat exchanger is located in the housing, at least one nozzle connected to the cooling pump is provided in the housing, and the heat exchanger is located in front of the nozzle in the direction of liquid spraying;

[0009] The heat exchanger is provided with a guide groove and / or a guide hole, one end of the guide groove and / or the guide hole faces the nozzle, and the guide groove and / or the guide hole passes through the heat exchanger and communicates with the outside of the first heat exchange part shell.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the liquid storage tank is a pressurized liquid storage tank, the liquid storage tank includes a liquid outlet interface connected to the cooling pump and a liquid return interface connected to the second heat exchange part, an electric heater and a liquid level sensor are provided in the liquid storage tank, and a third sensor group is connected to the liquid storage tank, and the third sensor group includes pressure and temperature sensors.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: a piston ring is provided in the liquid storage tank, the outer edge of the piston ring is connected to the inner wall of the liquid storage tank through a sealing ring, an accumulator is provided at one end of the piston ring, and an exhaust valve is provided near the accumulator in the liquid storage tank.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: a filter is connected between the liquid storage tank and the cooling pump, a pressure difference sensor is connected between the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the filter, the liquid outlet of the cooling pump is connected to an overflow valve through a pipeline, a reflux interface is provided on the liquid storage tank, the overflow valve is connected to the liquid storage tank through the reflux interface, and a liquid filling valve is connected to the reflux interface.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: a one-way valve and a flow sensor are connected in sequence between the cooling pump and the nozzle of the first heat exchange part. There are multiple nozzles, and the multiple nozzles are connected in parallel through the one-way valve of the cooling pipe. A first sensor group is provided at the liquid outlet end of the one-way valve, and the first sensor group includes pressure and temperature sensors.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: a spray chamber is provided in the shell of the first heat exchange part, the heat exchanger is located in the spray chamber, a cavity for accommodating the cooled device is provided in the middle of the heat exchanger, the end of the heat exchanger away from the cooled device is close to the nozzle of the nozzle, the heat exchanger includes a heat conductive material and a phase change material, and the heat conductive material and the phase change material are arranged at intervals along the height direction.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the phase change material is a metal phase change material, which includes but is not limited to NiTi-based alloys, Cu-based alloys, and Fe-based alloys; the thermal conductive material includes but is not limited to copper, aluminum, graphene, single-layer graphite, carbon-carbon composite materials, foam carbon, and synthetic diamond.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: the outer surface of the heat-conducting material and / or the phase-change material close to the nozzle and the inner surface close to the cooled device are respectively provided with an external guide groove and an internal guide groove, and the heat-conducting material and / or the phase-change material are provided with a guide hole inside, and both ends of the guide hole are respectively connected to the external guide groove and the internal guide groove.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: the heat-conducting material and the phase-change material are provided with guide grooves arranged along the height direction on the inner side near the cooled device, and the guide grooves pass through the internal guide grooves on the heat-conducting material and / or the phase-change material. A liquid collecting chamber is provided at the lower end of the heat exchanger, and the guide grooves are connected to the liquid collecting chamber.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: the liquid collecting chamber is connected to a liquid outlet, and the liquid outlet is communicated with the second heat exchange part through a gas-liquid separator. The liquid inlet end of the gas-liquid separator is provided with a safety valve and a second sensor group. The second sensor group includes pressure and temperature sensors. The second heat exchange part includes a gas-steam heat exchanger and a gas-liquid heat exchanger. The outlet ends of the gas-steam heat exchanger and the gas-liquid heat exchanger are communicated with the liquid storage tank through a proportional regulating valve. The outlet end of the gas-steam heat exchanger is communicated with the proportional regulating valve, and the proportional regulating valve is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separator.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. This application utilizes a coupled cooling approach, integrating spray cooling, air cooling, liquid cooling, micro-channel high-efficiency heat exchange, metal phase change thermal storage, directional high thermal conductivity, liquid storage and pressurization, and sensor control technologies. This approach rapidly releases the large amounts of heat generated instantaneously by heat-generating components into the cooling medium. The system's high-speed circulation of the cooling medium releases the large amounts of heat carried by the cooling medium into the atmosphere through the second heat exchange section. When the temperature of the first heat exchange section is abnormally high, the phase change material within it undergoes a phase change, absorbing a large amount of heat and gradually releasing it as the temperature decreases, thereby suppressing further temperature increases in the cooled components. The system employs a graded cooling technique, converting high-heat-flux cooling into low-heat-flux cooling and localized point heat source cooling into surface heat source cooling, overcoming the difficulty of dissipating heat from airborne point heat sources. The system utilizes a specially designed pressurized liquid storage tank, which reduces pump output pressure, power consumption, and weight. The system utilizes an integrated, modular design, resulting in a compact structure and efficient cooling, achieving the goals of small size, light weight, low power consumption, ease of airborne installation, and efficient cooling.

[0021] 2. The cooling medium of the present application can directly contact the surface of the cooled device to achieve efficient cooling; the micro-groove heat exchanger is composed of a composite of metal phase change material and high thermal conductivity material, and has a micro-groove and porous structure. The fluid can be immersed inside, which facilitates the flow of the fluid and heat conduction, and can dissipate most of the heat through the phase change of the cooling medium; at the same time, when the temperature of the micro-groove porous heat exchanger rises, it will induce the metal phase change material to undergo phase change, further absorbing a large amount of heat, and suppressing the further increase in the temperature of the surface of the heating device.

[0022] 3. The system can quickly reduce the temperature of the heat source surface and convert the cooling of local high heat flux density into cooling of lower heat flux density, reducing manufacturing costs.

[0023] 4. It makes full use of the cooling resources of the airborne environment, reduces energy consumption, and is particularly suitable for flight platforms. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling system principle of this embodiment;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the pressurized liquid storage tank of this embodiment;

[0026] Figure 3 This is an axial side view of the first heat exchange portion of this embodiment;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a main cross-sectional view of the first heat exchange portion of this embodiment;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a top view of the first heat exchange portion of this embodiment;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a top view of the thermal conductive material of this embodiment;

[0030] Figure 7 This is an axial side view of the phase change material of this embodiment;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a top cross-sectional view of the phase change material of this embodiment;

[0032] Figure 9 This is the main cross-sectional view of the phase change material of this embodiment.

[0033] In the picture:

[0034] 1-Liquid storage tank, 2-Liquid filling valve, 3-Relieving valve, 4-Differential pressure sensor, 5-Filter, 6-Cooling pump, 7-Check valve, 8-Flow sensor, 9-First sensor group, 10-Cooled device, 11-First heat exchange unit, 12-Safety valve, 13-Second sensor group, 14-Gas-liquid separator, 15-Second heat exchange unit, 16-Proportional control valve;

[0035] 101-exhaust valve, 102-third sensor group, 103-electric heater, 104-liquid level sensor, 105-piston ring, 106-sealing ring, 107-accumulator, 108-return interface, 109-return liquid interface, 110-liquid outlet interface;

[0036] 1101-heat exchanger, 1102-nozzle, 1103-liquid collecting chamber, 1104-liquid outlet, 1105-spray chamber, 1106-thermal conductive material, 1107-phase change material, 1108-guide groove, 1109-external guide groove, 1110-guide hole, 1111-internal guide groove;

[0037] 1501-gas-steam heat exchanger, 1502-gas-liquid heat exchanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] See also Figure 1 In an embodiment of the present invention, an airborne coupled cooling system with high heat flux density includes a liquid storage tank 1, a filter 5, a cooling pump 6, a one-way valve 7, a flow sensor 8, a first sensor group 9, a first heat exchange part 11, a safety valve 12, a second sensor group 13, a gas-liquid separator 14, a second heat exchange part 15, and a proportional control valve 16, which are connected in sequence. The proportional control valve 16 is connected to the liquid storage tank 1, the liquid outlet end of the cooling pump 6 is connected to the liquid storage tank 1 through the overflow valve 3, and the two ends of the filter 5 are connected to the pressure difference sensor 4.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the liquid reservoir 1 is a pressurized liquid reservoir. This allows for pre-pressurization of the system's coolant, reducing the cooling pump's output pressure and power consumption, and reducing the pump's weight. The reservoir 1 includes a liquid outlet port 110 connected to the filter 5 and a liquid return port 109 connected to the proportional control valve 16. The reservoir 1 is also provided with a reflux port 108, through which the overflow valve 3 communicates with the reservoir 1. The reflux port 108 is connected to the liquid filling valve 2.

[0041] An electric heater 103 is provided in the liquid storage tank 1. The electric heater can properly heat the refrigerant in a high-altitude and low-temperature environment to prevent the refrigerant temperature from being too low and control the refrigerant within the set temperature range. A liquid level sensor 104 is provided. The liquid storage tank 1 is connected to a third sensor group 102. The third sensor group 102 includes pressure and temperature sensors. A piston ring 105 is provided in the liquid storage tank 1. The outer edge of the piston ring 105 is connected to the inner wall of the liquid storage tank 1 through a sealing ring 106. The piston ring can move up and down in the liquid storage tank 1, thereby pressurizing the refrigerant in the liquid storage tank. An accumulator 107 is provided at one end of the piston ring 105, and an exhaust valve 101 is provided near the accumulator 107 in the liquid storage tank 1.

[0042] like Figure 3-9 As shown, the first heat exchange part 11 includes a shell and a heat exchanger 1101 in contact with the cooled device. The heat exchanger 1101 is located in the shell. A spray chamber 1105 is provided in the shell. The heat exchanger 1101 is located in the spray chamber 1105. At least one nozzle 1102 connected to the cooling pump 6 is provided in the shell. The front end of the nozzle 1102 is a conical structure. The nozzle is in an annular step of the conical section. The mist droplets sprayed by the nozzle 1102 are evenly distributed on the surface of the first heat exchanger 1101. The heat exchanger 1101 is located in the nozzle 1102 spray chamber. In front of the liquid direction, a receiving cavity for accommodating the cooled device is provided in the heat exchanger 1101. In this embodiment, the heat exchanger 1101 is an annular structure, and the cooled device is plugged into the middle of the heat exchanger 1101. The heat exchanger 1101 includes a heat conducting material 1106 and a phase change material 1107. The heat conducting material 1106 and the phase change material 1107 are arranged at intervals along the height direction. The outer surface of the heat conducting material 1106 and / or the phase change material 1107 near the nozzle 1102 and the inner surface near the cooled device are respectively provided with external guide grooves. 1109, internal guide groove 1111, the heat conducting material 1106 and or the phase change material 1107 are provided with a guide hole 1110, the two ends of the guide hole 1110 are respectively connected with the external guide groove 1109 and the internal guide groove 1111, the heat conducting material 1106 and the phase change material 1107 are provided with a guide groove 1108 arranged along the height direction on the inner side near the cooled device, the guide groove 1108 passes through the heat conducting material 1106 and or the internal guide groove 1111 on the phase change material 1107, the lower end of the heat exchanger 1101 is provided with a liquid collecting chamber 1103, the guide groove The groove 1108 is connected to the liquid collecting chamber 1103, and thus a heat exchange flow channel is formed in the first heat exchange part 11, that is, the nozzle sprays the liquid refrigerant, and the refrigerant contacts the heat conductive material 1106, the phase change material 1107 and the surface of the cooled device 10, and flows into the liquid collecting chamber 1103 through the external guide groove 1109, the guide hole 1110, the internal guide groove 1111, and the guide groove 1108 in sequence. The flow direction is forced, and the refrigerant will not enter the liquid collecting chamber directly from the nozzle, thereby improving the heat exchange effect and increasing the cooling capacity.

[0043] The heat exchanger 1101 is bonded to the surface of the cooling device 10, and can quickly transfer the heat of the heating device to the micro-channel heat exchanger. The mist liquid sprayed by the nozzle 1102 will cover the surface of the heat exchanger and the surface of the cooled device, and can form a liquid film on the surface of the heat sink to quickly undergo phase change and absorb most of the heat. The coolant flows at high speed and has a large volume, and the surface of the heat sink will not produce nucleate boiling to reduce the cooling effect; at the same time, the metal phase change material will also undergo phase change with the abnormal increase in temperature, thereby absorbing and storing part of the heat, thereby suppressing the further increase in temperature of the surface of the cooled device.

[0044] In this embodiment, the phase change material 1107 is a metal phase change material, which includes but is not limited to NiTi-based alloys, Cu-based alloys, and Fe-based alloys; the thermal conductive material 1106 includes but is not limited to copper, aluminum, graphene, single-layer graphite, carbon-carbon composite materials, foam carbon, and synthetic diamond.

[0045] The liquid collecting chamber 1103 is connected to the liquid outlet 1104, and the liquid outlet 1104 is connected to the second heat exchange part 15 through the gas-liquid separator 14. The liquid inlet end of the gas-liquid separator 14 is provided with a safety valve 12 and a second sensor group 13. The second sensor group 13 includes pressure and temperature sensors. The second heat exchange part 15 includes a gas-steam heat exchanger 1501 and a gas-liquid heat exchanger 1502. The outlet ends of the gas-steam heat exchanger 1501 and the gas-liquid heat exchanger 1502 are connected to the liquid storage tank 1 through a proportional regulating valve 16. The outlet end of the gas-steam heat exchanger 1501 is connected to the proportional regulating valve 16, and the proportional regulating valve 16 is connected to the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separator 14.

[0046] The fluid flows out from the first heat exchange part 11, and the fluid with higher temperature will enter the second heat exchange part 15. The second heat exchange part 15 includes an air-vapor heat exchanger 1501 and an air-liquid heat exchanger 1502. The gas-liquid mixture is separated by the gas-liquid separator 14, so that the gaseous refrigerant enters the air-vapor heat exchanger and the liquid refrigerant enters the air-liquid heat exchanger. The air inlet of the second heat exchange part 15 is drawn in by the engine through the air duct. According to the actual situation of the installation platform, air can also be drawn in from the surface of the body, and the air outlet leads to the outside of the body; after the cooling medium is cooled by the second heat exchange part, it flows back into the liquid storage tank; the system continues to work and can reduce the surface temperature of the heat source to the set temperature within the set time.

[0047] The accumulator 107 of the expansion tank can pre-pressurize the coolant, thereby reducing the power of the cooling pump 6; when the coolant temperature in the tank is too low, the electric heating starts to work and can maintain the coolant temperature at the set temperature; the liquid level sensor can sense the liquid level status of the tank to prevent the liquid level from being too low and affecting normal operation.

[0048] When the cooling pump is working, the pressure and flow sensors will detect the pressure and flow status of the fluid. The system controller will adjust the speed of the cooling pump according to the actual situation to ensure that the flow and pressure are within the set range; when the pump output pressure and flow are too high, the overflow valve will work to release the pressure.

[0049] The system operates as follows: During flight, when the heating element is not operating, the system is in standby mode. When the heating element begins operating, the cooling system receives the command in advance and begins operating several seconds in advance. Heat generated by the heating element is released into the refrigerant through the first heat sink. The refrigerant circulates at high speed, releasing the heat to the outside atmosphere through the second heat exchanger. Temperature sensors monitor the temperatures of the first heat exchanger and the refrigerant in real time. When these temperatures reach the set value, the cooling system stops cooling and enters standby mode, awaiting the next mission.

[0050] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0051] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A high heat flux airborne coupled cooling system, characterized in that: It comprises a liquid storage tank (1), a cooling pump (6), a first heat exchange part (11), and a second heat exchange part (15) connected in sequence, wherein the second heat exchange part (15) is in communication with the liquid storage tank (1); The first heat exchange portion (11) comprises a shell and a heat exchanger (1101) in contact with the device to be cooled, the heat exchanger (1101) is located in the shell, at least one nozzle (1102) in communication with a cooling pump (6) is provided in the shell, and the heat exchanger (1101) is located in front of the spray direction of the nozzle (1102); The heat exchanger (1101) is provided with a guide groove and / or a guide hole, one end of the guide groove and / or the guide hole faces the nozzle (1102), and the guide groove and / or the guide hole passes through the heat exchanger (1101) and communicates with the outside of the shell of the first heat exchange part (11); A spray chamber (1105) is provided in the shell of the first heat exchange part (11), the heat exchanger (1101) is located in the spray chamber (1105), a cavity for accommodating a cooled device is provided in the middle of the heat exchanger (1101), one end of the heat exchanger (1101) away from the cooled device is close to the nozzle of the nozzle (1102), and the heat exchanger (1101) includes a heat conducting material (1106) and a phase change material (1107), wherein the heat conducting material (1106) and the phase change material (1107) are arranged at intervals along the height direction, and the outer surface of the heat-conducting material (1106) and / or the phase-change material (1107) close to the nozzle (1102) and the inner surface close to the cooled device are respectively provided with an external guide groove (1109) and an internal guide groove (1111), and the heat-conducting material (1106) and / or the phase-change material (1107) are provided with a guide hole (1110) inside, and both ends of the guide hole (1110) are respectively connected to the external guide groove (1109) and the internal guide groove (1111).

2. The high heat flux airborne coupled cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid storage tank (1) is a pressurized liquid storage tank. The liquid storage tank (1) comprises a liquid outlet interface (110) in communication with a cooling pump (6) and a liquid return interface (109) in communication with the second heat exchange portion (15). An electric heater (103) and a liquid level sensor (104) are provided in the liquid storage tank (1). A third sensor group (102) is connected to the liquid storage tank (1), and the third sensor group (102) comprises pressure and temperature sensors.

3. The high heat flux airborne coupled cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A piston ring (105) is provided in the liquid storage tank (1), the outer edge of the piston ring (105) is communicated with the inner wall of the liquid storage tank (1) through a sealing ring (106), an accumulator (107) is provided at one end of the piston ring (105), and an exhaust valve (101) is provided near the accumulator (107) of the liquid storage tank (1).

4. The high heat flux airborne coupled cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter (5) is connected between the liquid storage tank (1) and the cooling pump (6); a pressure difference sensor (4) is connected between the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the filter (5); the liquid outlet of the cooling pump (6) is connected to an overflow valve (3) via a pipeline; a reflux interface (108) is provided on the liquid storage tank (1); the overflow valve (3) is communicated with the liquid storage tank (1) via the reflux interface (108); and a liquid filling valve (2) is connected to the reflux interface (108).

5. The high heat flux airborne coupled cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A one-way valve (7) and a flow sensor (8) are connected in sequence between the cooling pump (6) and the nozzle (1102) of the first heat exchange part (11); a plurality of nozzles (1102) are provided, and the plurality of nozzles (1102) are connected in parallel and communicated with the one-way valve (7) through a cooling pipe; a first sensor group (9) is provided at the liquid outlet end of the one-way valve (7); the first sensor group (9) includes pressure and temperature sensors.

6. The high heat flux airborne coupled cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change material (1107) is a metal phase change material, which includes but is not limited to NiTi-based alloys, Cu-based alloys, and Fe-based alloys; the thermal conductive material (1106) includes but is not limited to copper, aluminum, graphene, carbon-carbon composite materials, foamed carbon, and synthetic diamond.

7. The high heat flux airborne coupled cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-conducting material (1106) and the phase-change material (1107) are provided with a guide groove (1108) arranged in the height direction on the inner side close to the cooled device. The guide groove (1108) passes through the internal guide groove (1111) on the heat-conducting material (1106) and / or the phase-change material (1107). A liquid collecting chamber (1103) is provided at the lower end of the heat exchanger (1101), and the guide groove (1108) is connected to the liquid collecting chamber (1103).

8. The high heat flux airborne coupled cooling system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The liquid collecting chamber (1103) is connected to a liquid outlet (1104), and the liquid outlet (1104) is communicated with the second heat exchange part (15) through a gas-liquid separator (14). The liquid inlet end of the gas-liquid separator (14) is provided with a safety valve (12) and a second sensor group (13), and the second sensor group (13) includes a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor. The second heat exchange part (15) includes a gas-steam heat exchanger (1501) and a gas-liquid heat exchanger (1502). The outlet ends of the gas-steam heat exchanger (1501) and the gas-liquid heat exchanger (1502) are communicated with the liquid storage tank (1) through a proportional regulating valve (16). The outlet end of the gas-steam heat exchanger (1501) is communicated with the proportional regulating valve (16), and the proportional regulating valve (16) is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separator (14).

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