Self-aligning measuring device for bearing double-half outer ring groove position measurement

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-aligning measuring device for bearing double-half outer ring groove position measurement, which comprises a base and a positioning plate, the base is provided with a positioning hole for accommodating the positioning plate, and the positioning plate is provided with a matching assembly for matching with an outer ring of an external bearing to be measured. The matching assembly comprises a retainer and a plurality of steel balls annularly and uniformly distributed in pockets of the retainer, and a loading structure for applying an axial load to an outer ring of an external to-be-tested bearing is arranged on the base; the positioning plate is provided with a self-aligning structure which is used for self-adaptive self-aligning when the loading structure applies a load to the outer ring of the bearing to be tested so as to enable the steel ball to be tightly attached to the channel of the outer ring of the bearing to be tested. The bottom of the base is provided with a detection hole for placing the measuring end of an external dial indicator and making the measuring end contact with the bottom wall of the positioning plate to detect the axial displacement of the positioning plate. The problem that a traditional conventional bearing detection instrument is difficult to detect the groove center position of a groove-bottom-free peach-shaped groove-shaped outer ring groove of a special bearing is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bearing detection tooling, and particularly to a self-aligning measuring device for measuring the groove position of a double-half outer ring of a bearing. Background Art

[0002] In the field of bearing manufacturing, bearings with a double-half outer ring structure (such as QJF-type bearings) are widely used in high-precision and high-rigidity scenarios because of their separable characteristics, which facilitate installation and maintenance, can bear radial and double-axial loads, and limit double-axial displacement. However, the outer ring groove of such bearings has a non-bottomed peach-shaped groove structure, which is significantly different from the grooved bottom groove of traditional bearings. As a result, it is difficult for traditional conventional bearing detection instruments to effectively detect the groove center position of such outer ring grooves. In the prior art, the measurement of non-bottomed grooves often faces problems such as low measurement efficiency and insufficient accuracy. Some solutions that attempt to use special tools also have defects such as complex structures, difficult alignment, and poor fitting between the steel balls and the grooves, making it difficult to meet the requirements of efficient and accurate detection of a large number of bearings of multiple models. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a self-aligning measuring device for measuring the groove position of a double-half outer ring of a bearing to solve the problem that traditional conventional bearing detection instruments are difficult to detect the groove center position of the outer ring groove of a special bearing with a non-bottomed peach-shaped groove.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a self-aligning measuring device for measuring the groove position of a double-half outer ring of a bearing, including a base and a positioning plate. A positioning hole for accommodating the positioning plate is provided on the base. A matching component for matching with the outer ring of a bearing to be measured outside is provided on the positioning plate. The matching component includes a cage and a plurality of steel balls circumferentially and evenly distributed in the pockets of the cage. A loading structure for applying an axial load to the outer ring of the bearing to be measured outside is provided on the base. A centering structure for self-aligning to make the steel balls closely fit the groove of the outer ring of the bearing to be measured when the loading structure applies a load to the outer ring of the bearing to be measured is provided on the positioning plate. A detection hole for inserting the measuring end of an external dial indicator and making it contact with the bottom wall of the positioning plate to detect the axial displacement of the positioning plate is provided at the bottom of the base.

[0005] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: In the above technology, through the circumferential uniform distribution design of the cage and the steel balls in the cooperating components, the spherical characteristics of the steel balls can be utilized to closely fit the arc-shaped grooves of the double-half outer ring. By using the axial position of the steel balls to replace the traditional groove bottom positioning, the measurement bottleneck of the structure without a groove bottom is broken through. The loading structure ensures the stability of the outer ring of the bearing under test during the measurement process by applying an axial load, avoiding measurement deviation caused by loosening. The setting of the centering structure enables the steel balls to adapt to the position offset of the outer ring during loading, and realizes uniform stress by dynamically adjusting the fitting angle, solving the problems of loose fitting or local stress concentration caused by rigid contact in the traditional device. The cooperation between the detection hole and the dial indicator converts the abstract groove position dimension into an intuitive axial displacement of the positioning plate. Not only is the measurement principle simple and reliable, but also no complex algorithm conversion is required, significantly improving the detection efficiency. Through the collaborative design of multiple components, the above technology effectively solves the core problem that it is difficult for traditional conventional bearing detection instruments to detect the groove of the outer ring with a non-grooved and peach-shaped groove structure. The overall structure is compact and reasonable, and each component has a clear division of labor. It not only meets the measurement requirements of special structure bearings, but also has universality, can adapt to the rapid detection of a large number of bearings of multiple models, and provides an efficient and accurate solution for the quality control of the bearing manufacturing industry.

[0006] The present invention is further provided with: The centering structure includes a pressing block arranged on the positioning plate. The top wall and the outer peripheral wall surface of the pressing block are connected by a smooth curved surface and form a centering surface. A plurality of the steel balls are all arranged in contact with the centering surface, and the pressing block is arranged in a frustum shape.

[0007] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: In the above technology, the pressing block of the centering structure is designed in a frustum shape and the centering surface adopts a smooth curved surface, which can provide multi-angle self-adaptive support and guidance for the steel balls. The conical surface characteristics of the frustum-shaped structure enable the steel balls to freely roll along the centering surface and adjust their positions when being extruded by the outer ring, thereby automatically compensating for the radial or angular deviation during the installation of the outer ring, ensuring that the steel balls are always vertically fitted with the groove center line, and avoiding measurement deviation caused by installation errors. The transition design of the smooth curved surface eliminates the stress concentration problem that may be generated by the traditional angular structure, enables the stress of the steel balls to be evenly distributed, effectively reduces the wear between the steel balls and the pressing block, and prolongs the service life of the device. In addition, the axisymmetric structure of the frustum-shaped pressing block forms a geometric adaptation with the circumferentially uniformly distributed steel balls of the cage, and can synchronously coordinate the position changes of multiple steel balls during the centering process, avoiding abnormal stress on a single steel ball from affecting the overall measurement accuracy, thereby improving the adaptability of the device to grooves with different curvatures.

[0008] The present invention is further provided with: A pre-tightening spring for deforming when the pressing block is subjected to the axial load conducted by the cooperating components and applying an axial load to the pressing block is connected between the bottom wall of the pressing block and the top wall of the positioning plate.

[0009] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: In the above technology, a pre-tightening spring is arranged between the pressing block and the positioning plate, which provides elastic buffering and continuous load support for the centering process. The elastic deformation characteristics of the pre-tightening spring enable the pressing block to automatically adjust its height by compression or elongation when subjected to the axial load of the outer ring, so as to dynamically adapt to the depth tolerance of different bearing outer ring raceways, avoiding problems such as the pressing block being stuck due to rigid connection or the steel balls over-extruding the raceway. Through the elastic connection method, not only the raceway surface of the bearing under test is protected from damage, but also the steel balls can always be pressed against the raceway with a constant pressure through the restoring force of the spring, eliminating the measurement error caused by load fluctuations. In addition, the existence of the pre-tightening spring enables the device to have an initial pre-tightening force before measurement, which can quickly position the steel balls to the initial contact position of the raceway, reducing the manual adjustment steps and improving the detection efficiency.

[0010] The present invention is further provided with: The loading structure includes a loading disk, and a plurality of pressing heads for pressing on the side wall of the outer ring of the bearing under test in the outside world are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the bottom wall of the loading disk. A linkage shaft for coaxially matching with the driving end of an external hydraulic device to apply an axial load to the loading disk through the external hydraulic device is arranged at the center of the top wall of the loading disk, and the linkage shaft is coaxially aligned with the cage.

[0011] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: In the above technology, through the collaborative design of the loading disk, the pressing heads and the linkage shaft, the stable transmission and uniform application of the axial load are realized. The pressing heads circumferentially and uniformly distributed at the bottom of the loading disk can act on the outer ring end face simultaneously, avoiding the outer ring tilting or local deformation caused by single-point loading, ensuring that the load is evenly distributed along the circumference of the outer ring, so as to truly reflect the overall geometric characteristics of the raceway. And the coaxial matching design of the linkage shaft and the external hydraulic device makes the load transmission path direct and stable, reducing the energy loss and angular deviation in the mechanical transmission process and improving the loading accuracy.

[0012] The present invention is further provided with: The radial cross-section of the pressing head is arranged in an "L" shape.

[0013] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: In the above technology, the radial cross-section of the pressing head is designed in an "L" shape, which optimizes the contact mode between the pressing head and the outer ring end face. The horizontal section of the "L" shape structure can closely fit the upper surface of the outer ring end face, and the vertical section forms a lateral support with the outer ring side wall. This two-dimensional contact mode can effectively limit the radial displacement and rotational offset of the outer ring during loading, ensuring that the outer ring always maintains an axially fixed state and avoiding the steel balls being separated from or having poor contact with the raceway due to position movement.

[0014] The present invention is further provided that: corresponding to each pressing head position on the loading disk, an adjusting groove is opened, the adjusting groove is opened along the diameter direction of the loading disk, the pressing head extends an adjusting shaft towards the corresponding adjusting groove direction, the adjusting shaft is slidably arranged in the adjusting groove, the diameter of the top of the pressing head is larger than the width diameter of the adjusting groove and the top of the pressing head is in abutting fit with the bottom wall of the loading disk.

[0015] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: in the above technology, the sliding fit structure of the adjusting groove and the adjusting shaft is arranged on the loading disk, which endows the pressing head with adjustable radial position. By sliding the adjusting shaft along the diameter direction of the loading disk, the radial distance of the pressing head can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to the bearing outer rings with different outer diameters, without replacing the whole set of loading components or recalibrating the device, significantly improving the versatility of the device.

[0016] The present invention is further provided that: corresponding to the position of the linkage shaft, the loading disk is penetrated with a perforation for the linkage shaft to pass through. A retaining ring is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the linkage shaft. The diameter of the retaining ring is larger than the diameter of the perforation and a corrugated spring is arranged between the bottom wall of the retaining ring and the top wall of the loading disk. The starting end of the corrugated spring is in abutting fit with the bottom wall of the retaining ring, the end of the corrugated spring is in abutting fit with the top wall of the loading disk, and the corrugated spring is sleeved on the linkage shaft.

[0017] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: in the above technology, the non-linear elastic characteristic of the corrugated spring enables it to generate controllable deformation under the action of axial load, effectively absorbing the impact load when the hydraulic equipment starts or stops, avoiding mechanical damage caused by rigid connection, and at the same time compensating for the axial displacement deviation caused by bearing installation error or insufficient equipment accuracy during the loading process, ensuring the smooth transfer of the load to the outer ring.

[0018] The present invention is further provided that: the top of the linkage shaft is detachably connected with a linkage disk. An adjusting block and a swing plate are arranged at the center of the linkage disk. The adjusting block is penetrated with an insertion hole along its width direction. The swing plate extends an insertion shaft towards the insertion hole direction. An adjusting shaft is inserted into the insertion hole. A through hole for the insertion shaft to insert is opened along the length direction of the adjusting shaft. A first tooth groove is circumferentially opened on the outer peripheral wall of the adjusting shaft. A second tooth groove for inserting and meshing with the first tooth groove when the adjusting shaft is inserted into the insertion hole is circumferentially opened on the inner peripheral wall of the insertion hole. A third tooth groove is circumferentially opened on the outer peripheral wall of the insertion shaft. A fourth tooth groove for inserting and meshing with the third tooth groove when the insertion shaft is inserted into the through hole is circumferentially opened on the inner peripheral wall of the through hole. A connecting shaft for coaxially connecting with the driving end of the external hydraulic equipment to apply a load to the loading disk through the external hydraulic equipment is arranged at the top of the swing plate.

[0019] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: In the above technology, through the tooth groove meshing and swing adjustment structure of the detachable linkage disk at the top of the linkage shaft, a dual-functional system of conventional loading and special working condition simulation is constructed, significantly improving the adaptability of the device to complex detection scenarios. In a conventional detection scenario, the linkage shaft and the linkage disk are rigidly connected through the tooth groove meshing of the adjusting block and the swing plate. At this time, the connecting shaft and the linkage shaft are coaxially aligned, and the axial load of the hydraulic equipment can be directly transmitted to the loading disk through the linkage shaft, ensuring that the load is vertically applied along the axis of the outer ring of the bearing, meeting the precise measurement requirements under standard working conditions. When it is necessary to simulate the eccentric load or inclined load that the bearing may bear during actual operation, the operator can achieve dynamic adjustment of the loading direction through simple mechanical operations: First, pull out the adjusting shaft from the jack, so that the first tooth groove on the outer peripheral wall of the adjusting shaft disengages from the second tooth groove on the inner peripheral wall of the jack. At the same time, the insertion shaft partially withdraws from the through hole, and the third tooth groove and the fourth tooth groove are also unlocked. At this time, the swing plate loses the tooth groove constraint and can swing in a fan shape within the space defined by the jack with the insertion shaft as the fulcrum, thereby driving the connecting shaft to deviate from the axis of the linkage shaft and forming an inclined state at a preset angle. During the adjustment process, the operator can adjust the inclination angle of the connecting shaft by rotating the swing plate according to the detection requirements (such as simulating axial forces or composite loads in different directions) until the target loading direction is reached. After completing the angle adjustment, insert the adjusting shaft back into the jack to make the first tooth groove and the second tooth groove, the third tooth groove and the fourth tooth groove mesh and lock again. At this time, the swing plate is fixed relative to the adjusting block, and the connecting shaft is connected to the driving end of the external hydraulic equipment in an inclined posture, thereby converting the conventional axial load into an eccentric load with an angular deviation. This design enables the device to simulate non-ideal loading conditions that the bearing may encounter in actual applications, such as load offset caused by installation errors and inclined loads in complex stress environments. By detecting the fit and displacement response of the steel balls and the raceway under the eccentric load, the geometric accuracy and load-bearing capacity of the bearing raceway can be comprehensively evaluated, avoiding potential quality risks that cannot be covered by traditional vertical loading. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 3D view of the present invention; Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 Simplified schematic diagram of the present invention in the non-working state; Figure 4 Simplified schematic diagram of the outer ring of the bearing to be tested placed on the steel balls in the present invention; Figure 5 Simplified schematic diagram of the present invention in the working state; Figure 6 Exploded 3D view of the present invention; Figure 7 3D view of the combined state of the linkage shaft, the linkage disk and their components in the present invention; Figure 8 is Figure 7 a partial exploded three-dimensional view of the adjusting block, the swing plate and their linkage components in Specific implementation manner

[0021] The present invention provides a self-aligning measuring device for measuring the groove position of a double-half outer ring of a bearing, which includes a base 1 and a positioning plate 2. A positioning hole 11 for accommodating the positioning plate 2 is provided on the base 1. A matching component for matching with the outer ring of a bearing to be measured outside is arranged on the positioning plate 2. The matching component includes a cage 12 and a plurality of steel balls 13 evenly distributed in the pockets of the cage 12 in the circumferential direction. A loading structure for applying an axial load to the outer ring of the bearing to be measured outside is arranged on the base 1. A centering structure for self-adaptive centering to make the steel balls 13 closely fit the raceway of the outer ring of the bearing to be measured when the loading structure applies a load to the outer ring of the bearing to be measured is arranged on the positioning plate 2. A detection hole 14 for inserting the measuring end of an outside micrometer and making it contact with the bottom wall of the positioning plate 2 to detect the axial displacement amount of the positioning plate 2 is provided at the bottom of the base 1. The centering structure includes a pressing block 21 arranged on the positioning plate 2. A smooth curved surface connection is formed between the top wall and the outer peripheral wall surface of the pressing block 21 to form a centering surface 211. A plurality of the steel balls 13 are all arranged in contact with the centering surface 211. The pressing block 21 is arranged in a frustum shape. A pre-tightening spring 22 for deforming when the pressing block 21 receives the axial load conducted by the matching component and applying an axial load to the pressing block 21 is connected between the bottom wall of the pressing block 21 and the top wall of the positioning plate 2. The loading structure includes a loading disk 3. A plurality of pressing heads 31 for pressing on the side wall of the outer ring of the bearing to be measured outside are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction on the bottom wall of the loading disk 3. A linkage shaft 32 for coaxially matching with the driving end of an outside hydraulic device to apply an axial load to the loading disk 3 through the outside hydraulic device is arranged at the center of the top wall of the loading disk 3. The linkage shaft 32 is coaxially aligned with the cage 12. The radial cross-section of the pressing head 31 is in an "L" shape. An adjusting groove 33 is provided on the loading disk 3 at the position corresponding to each pressing head 31. The adjusting groove 33 is opened along the diameter direction of the loading disk 3. The pressing head 31 extends towards the corresponding adjusting groove 33 with an adjusting shaft 34. The adjusting shaft 34 is slidably arranged in the adjusting groove 33. The diameter of the top of the pressing head 31 is larger than the width diameter of the adjusting groove 33 and the top of the pressing head 31 is in butt-joint fit with the bottom wall of the loading disk 3. A through hole 35 for the linkage shaft 32 to pass through is provided on the loading disk 3 at the position corresponding to the linkage shaft 32. A retaining ring 36 is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the linkage shaft 32. The diameter of the retaining ring 36 is larger than the diameter of the through hole 35 and a corrugated spring 37 is arranged between the bottom wall of the retaining ring 36 and the top wall of the loading disk 3. The starting end of the corrugated spring 37 is in butt-joint fit with the bottom wall of the retaining ring 36. The ending end of the corrugated spring 37 is in butt-joint fit with the top wall of the loading disk 3. The corrugated spring 37 is sleeved on the linkage shaft 32. A linkage disk 4 is detachably connected to the top of the linkage shaft 32. An adjusting block 41 and a swing plate 5 are arranged at the center of the linkage disk 4. A jack 42 is provided through the adjusting block 41 along its width direction. The swing plate 5 extends towards the jack 42 with an insertion shaft 51. The adjusting shaft 34 is inserted into the jack 42.The adjusting shaft 34 is provided with a through hole 342 for inserting the inserting shaft 51 along its length direction. The outer peripheral wall of the adjusting shaft 34 is circumferentially provided with a first tooth groove 341. The inner peripheral wall of the inserting hole 42 is circumferentially provided with a second tooth groove 421 for inserting and engaging with the first tooth groove 341 when the adjusting shaft 34 is inserted into the inserting hole 42. The outer peripheral wall of the inserting shaft 51 is circumferentially provided with a third tooth groove 511. The inner peripheral wall of the through hole 342 is circumferentially provided with a fourth tooth groove 343 for inserting and engaging with the third tooth groove 511 when the inserting shaft 51 is inserted into the through hole 342. A connecting shaft 52 is arranged at the top of the swing plate 5 for coaxially connecting with the driving end of an external hydraulic device to apply a load to the loading plate 3 through the external hydraulic device.,

[0022] In the above technology, the outer ring of the bearing to be tested is marked as 6 in the attached drawings of the specification.

[0023] In the attached drawings of the above specification, the sizes of the connecting shaft, the swing plate and the adjusting block are not limited, and only the positions of the components are shown schematically. The sizes can be changed according to the actual operation requirements and test requirements to ensure the correct loading and conduction of the load of the hydraulic device.

[0024] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of the present invention claimed is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A self-aligning measuring device for measuring the groove position of a double-half outer ring of a bearing, characterized in that: It includes a base and a positioning plate. A positioning hole for accommodating the positioning plate is provided on the base. A fitting assembly for fitting with the outer ring of a bearing to be measured outside is provided on the positioning plate. The fitting assembly includes a cage and a number of steel balls evenly distributed circumferentially in the pockets of the cage. A loading structure for applying an axial load to the outer ring of the bearing to be measured outside is provided on the base. A centering structure for self - adapting centering to make the steel balls closely fit the raceway of the outer ring of the bearing to be measured when the loading structure applies a load to the outer ring of the bearing to be measured is provided on the positioning plate. A detection hole for inserting the measuring end of an external dial indicator and making it contact with the bottom wall of the positioning plate to detect the axial displacement of the positioning plate is provided at the bottom of the base.

2. The self-aligning measuring device for measuring the groove position of the double half outer ring of a bearing according to claim 1, wherein: The centering structure includes a pressing block provided on the positioning plate. The top wall and the outer peripheral wall of the pressing block are connected by a smooth curved surface and form a centering surface. A number of the steel balls are all in contact with the centering surface. The pressing block is arranged in a frustum shape.

3. The self-aligning measuring device for measuring the groove position of the double half outer ring of a bearing according to claim 2, wherein: A pre - tightening spring for deforming when the pressing block receives the axial load conducted by the fitting assembly and applying an axial load to the pressing block is connected between the bottom wall of the pressing block and the top wall of the positioning plate.

4. The self-aligning measuring device for measuring the groove position of the double half outer ring of a bearing according to claim 1, wherein: The loading structure includes a loading disk. A number of pressing heads for pressing on the side wall of the outer ring of the bearing to be measured outside are evenly distributed circumferentially on the bottom wall of the loading disk. A linkage shaft for coaxially fitting with the driving end of an external hydraulic device to apply an axial load to the loading disk through the external hydraulic device is provided at the center of the top wall of the loading disk. The linkage shaft is coaxially aligned with the cage.

5. The self-aligning measuring device for measuring the groove position of the double half outer ring of a bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The radial cross - section of the pressing head is in an "L" shape.

6. The self-aligning measuring device for measuring the groove position of the double half outer ring of a bearing according to claim 4, wherein: Adjustment slots are provided on the loading disk at positions corresponding to each pressing head. The adjustment slots are opened along the diameter direction of the loading disk. The pressing head extends towards the corresponding adjustment slot with an adjustment shaft. The adjustment shaft is slidably arranged in the adjustment slot. The diameter of the top of the pressing head is larger than the width diameter of the adjustment slot and the top of the pressing head is in abutting fit with the bottom wall of the loading disk.

7. The self-aligning measuring device for measuring the groove position of the double half outer ring of a bearing according to claim 4, wherein: A through - hole for the linkage shaft to pass through is provided on the loading disk corresponding to the position of the linkage shaft. A retaining ring is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the linkage shaft. The diameter of the retaining ring is larger than the diameter of the through - hole and a corrugated spring is provided between the bottom wall of the retaining ring and the top wall of the loading disk. The starting end of the corrugated spring is in abutting fit with the bottom wall of the retaining ring. The end of the corrugated spring is in abutting fit with the top wall of the loading disk. The corrugated spring is sleeved on the linkage shaft.

8. The self-aligning measuring device for measuring the groove position of the double half outer ring of a bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top of the linkage shaft is detachably connected with a linkage disk. An adjustment block and a swing plate are provided at the center of the linkage disk. A jack is provided through the adjustment block along its width direction. The swing plate extends towards the jack with an insertion shaft. The adjustment shaft is inserted into the jack. A through - hole for the insertion shaft to insert into is provided along the length direction of the adjustment shaft. A first tooth groove is circumferentially provided on the outer peripheral wall of the adjustment shaft. A second tooth groove for inserting and meshing with the first tooth groove when the adjustment shaft is inserted into the jack is circumferentially provided on the inner peripheral wall of the jack. A third tooth groove is circumferentially provided on the outer peripheral wall of the insertion shaft. A fourth tooth groove for inserting and meshing with the third tooth groove when the insertion shaft is inserted into the through - hole is circumferentially provided on the inner peripheral wall of the through - hole. A connecting shaft for coaxially connecting with the driving end of an external hydraulic device to apply a load to the loading disk through the external hydraulic device is provided on the top of the swing plate.

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