Waste lithium battery treatment device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery treatment, in particular to a waste lithium battery treatment device which comprises a shell, a metal extraction mechanism, a driving mechanism, a metal storage mechanism and a pressurizing mechanism, a collecting pool is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom of the shell, a driving motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom of the collecting pool, and a filtering frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall of a first connecting plate; the outer walls of the two sides of the filtering frame are slidably connected with side plates which are symmetrically distributed. Electrolyte separation is promoted through the pressurizing mechanism, through linkage of the pressing plate and the ratchet wheel assembly, the electromagnetic frame moves upwards along the limiting frame, the electromagnetic frame moves upwards and scatters fragments and adsorbs metal, when the electromagnetic frame transversely moves at the top of the limiting frame, the side plate gathers the adsorbed metal to the end, the bearing plate opens to receive metal substances, and the metal substances fall into the storage box. And the periodic movement of the electromagnetic frame enhances the metal collection effect and promotes the separation of the electrolyte at the same time, so that adsorption dead angles caused by fragment accumulation are avoided, and efficient separation and recovery of the electrolyte and metal in the battery fragments are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery processing, and in particular to a waste lithium battery processing device. Background Art

[0002] Lithium battery recycling refers to the process of collecting, processing and reusing discarded lithium-ion batteries (including batteries in mobile phones, laptops, electric vehicles, energy storage systems, etc.). With the surge in global demand for lithium batteries, recycling can not only reduce environmental pollution, but also ease the supply pressure of raw materials (such as lithium, cobalt, nickel, etc.) and promote the development of a circular economy. Lithium batteries contain heavy metals (cobalt, nickel) and toxic electrolytes. Improper disposal will pollute soil and water sources. Organic solvents in the electrolyte may cause fires or release harmful gases.

[0003] The patent with authorization announcement number: CN114899518B discloses an efficient processing and recovery device for lead-acid battery electrolyte of electric vehicles, including an inclined tube, a battery crushing device is provided inside the upper end of the inclined tube, a plurality of first filter holes are opened on the lower side wall of the inclined tube, an electrolyte collection box is installed on the lower side of the inclined tube, all the first filter holes are connected with the electrolyte collection box, an exhaust assembly and a spray assembly are installed on the inner upper side wall of the inclined tube from top to bottom, the exhaust assembly is located on the upper side of the first filter hole, the spray assembly and the first filter hole are staggered, and the lower end pipe mouth of the inclined tube is connected and connected with a cleaning box, and a cleaning assembly is installed in the cleaning box.

[0004] However, the above invention still has some shortcomings in actual use: 1. The electrolyte in the battery fragments flows into the electrolyte collection box through the first filter hole by gravity, and the battery fragments generated after crushing slide downward along the inclined tube. During the sliding process, the residual electrolyte on the battery also enters the electrolyte collection box. In this way, only gravity is used to make the electrolyte naturally seep through the filter hole, and the battery fragments move slowly along the inclined slide. During the movement, only inertia can be used to separate the electrolyte attached to the surface. The collection efficiency is low and the residual amount is large, resulting in incomplete separation; 2. There are some metals that can be reused in the battery fragments. The above patent only separates the electrolyte from the battery fragments, and cannot separate the effective metals simultaneously during the separation process, resulting in waste of resources. The metal needs to be extracted in an additional step, which increases the processing cost. Therefore, a waste lithium battery processing device is proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the background technology and to propose a waste lithium battery processing device.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A waste lithium battery processing device comprises a shell, a collection tank is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the shell, a driving motor is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the collection tank, a mounting column is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, the mounting column is rotatably connected to the collection tank, a central connecting frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mounting column, a mounting frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the central connecting frame, a connecting plate 1 is hingedly connected to the end of the mounting frame through a hinge shaft, a filter frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting plate 1, and side plates symmetrically distributed are slidably connected to the outer walls of both sides of the filter frame, and further comprises: The metal extraction mechanism comprises an electromagnetic frame, which is slidably connected to the side plate, the outer wall of the electromagnetic frame is fixedly connected to a connecting shaft rod, the outer wall of the connecting shaft rod is rotatably connected to a connecting slide plate, the outer wall of the connecting slide plate is slidably connected to an outer connecting plate, the inner wall of the outer connecting plate is fixedly connected to a first shaft rod, both ends of the first shaft rod are rotatably connected to a limit frame, and the two limit frames are fixedly connected to the filter frame through double-sided connecting rods; One end of the first shaft is fixedly connected with a driving mechanism, including a ratchet assembly and a first gear, the ratchet assembly is fixedly connected to the end of the first shaft, and the first gear is rotatably connected to the ratchet assembly through the shaft; The inner walls of the side plates are all provided with metal storage mechanisms, including receiving plates, which are rotatably connected to the side plates through second shaft rods, and the ends of the second shaft rods are fixedly connected with opening and closing gears; And three pressurizing mechanisms, which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell.

[0007] Preferably, a limiting slide groove is provided on the outer wall of the collecting pool, a transmission gear is fixedly connected to the end of the hinge shaft, a rack plate is meshed on the outer wall of the transmission gear, the rack plate is slidably connected to the mounting frame, a sliding shaft is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rack plate, and the sliding shaft is slidably connected to the collecting pool through the limiting slide groove.

[0008] Preferably, the pressurizing mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder and a pressure plate, the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing, and the pressure plate is fixedly connected to the end of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, a connecting frame 1 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pressure plate, and both sides of the connecting frame 1 are fixedly connected to symmetrically distributed first rack rods, and the first rack rods are meshed with the outer wall of the first gear.

[0010] Preferably, two evenly distributed springs are fixedly connected between the outer connecting plate and the connecting slide plate.

[0011] Preferably, a storage box is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the side plate, the storage box is at the same height as the receiving plate, and tooth block groups are fixedly connected to the outer walls on both sides of the filter frame.

[0012] Preferably, an interference rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the filter frame.

[0013] Preferably, four mounting brackets are provided on the outer wall of the central connecting frame, and the four mounting brackets are distributed in a circumferential array. Metal extraction mechanisms are provided on both sides of each filter box, and every two adjacent electromagnetic frames are staggered.

[0014] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In the present invention, the electrolyte separation is promoted by the pressurizing mechanism. Through the linkage of the pressing plate and the ratchet assembly, the electromagnetic frame moves upward along the limiting frame. When the electromagnetic frame moves upward and stirs up the debris, it adsorbs the metal. When the electromagnetic frame moves horizontally at the top of the limiting frame, the side plate gathers the adsorbed metal to the end, the receiving plate opens to receive the metal substance, and the metal substance falls into the storage box. The periodic movement of the electromagnetic frame enhances the metal collection effect while promoting the separation of the electrolyte, avoiding the adsorption dead angle caused by the accumulation of debris, and realizing the efficient separation and recovery of the electrolyte and metal in the battery debris. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the structure schematic diagram of the present invention after removing part of the outer shell; Figure 3 is the present invention Figure 2 the partial enlarged structure schematic diagram at A in; Figure 4 is the present invention Figure 2 the partial enlarged structure schematic diagram at B in; Figure 5 is the structure schematic diagram of the filter box of the present invention; Figure 6 is the present invention Figure 5 the partial enlarged structure schematic diagram at C in; Figure 7 is the internal structure schematic diagram of the outer connecting plate of the present invention; Figure 8 is the structure schematic diagram of the sliding shaft rod of the present invention; Figure 9 is the present invention Figure 8 the partial enlarged structure schematic diagram at D in; Figure 10 is the present invention Figure 8 the partial enlarged structure schematic diagram at E in; Figure 11 is the structure schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the side plate and the receiving plate of the present invention.

[0016] In the figure: 1, housing; 2, collecting tank; 3, driving motor; 4, mounting column; 5, filter frame; 6, central connecting frame; 7, side plate; 8, pressure plate; 9, hydraulic cylinder; 10, limit slide; 11, connecting frame 1; 12, first rack rod; 13, resistance rod; 14, gear block group; 15, electromagnetic frame; 16, connecting slide plate; 17, storage box; 18, outer connecting plate; 19, first shaft rod; 20, limit frame; 21, The first gear; 22. ratchet assembly; 23. spring; 24. connecting shaft; 25. mounting frame; 26. hinge shaft; 27. connecting plate 1; 28. sliding shaft; 29. ​​rack plate; 30. transmission gear; 31. receiving plate; 32. double-sided connecting rod; 33. opening and closing gear; 34. second shaft; 101. pressurizing mechanism; 202. metal extraction mechanism; 303. driving mechanism; 404. metal storage mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0018] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0019] Reference Figures 1 - 11 A waste lithium battery processing device comprises a housing 1, a collecting pool 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the housing 1, a driving motor 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the collecting pool 2, a mounting column 4 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 3, the mounting column 4 is rotatably connected to the collecting pool 2, a central connecting frame 6 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mounting column 4, a mounting frame 25 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the central connecting frame 6, a connecting plate 27 is hingedly connected to the end of the mounting frame 25 through a hinge shaft 26, a filter frame 5 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting plate 27, and the outer wall of the filter frame 5 is slidably connected to the side plates 7 that are symmetrically distributed, and further comprises: The metal extraction mechanism 202 includes an electromagnetic frame 15, which is slidably connected to the side plate 7, a connecting shaft 24 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the electromagnetic frame 15, a connecting slide 16 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the connecting slide 16, an outer connecting plate 18 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the connecting slide 16, a first shaft 19 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer connecting plate 18, both ends of the first shaft 19 are rotatably connected to the limit frames 20, and the two limit frames 20 are fixedly connected to the filter frame 5 through the double-sided connecting rods 32; One end of the first shaft rod 19 is fixedly connected with a driving mechanism 303, which includes a ratchet assembly 22 and a first gear 21. The ratchet assembly 22 is fixedly connected with the end of the first shaft rod 19, and the first gear 21 is rotationally connected with the ratchet assembly 22 through a provided shaft rod; Metal storage mechanisms 404 are arranged on the inner walls of the side plates 7, each of which includes a receiving plate 31. The receiving plate 31 is rotationally connected with the side plate 7 through a second shaft rod 34, and an opening and closing gear 33 is fixedly connected to the end of the second shaft rod 34; And three pressing mechanisms 101, which are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the housing 1.

[0020] In this embodiment, during use, it is set that the driving motor 3 rotates intermittently in one direction and stops every ninety degrees of rotation. The crushed battery fragments are put into the filter box 5 exposed outside the housing 1 in batches. By default, the two electromagnetic frames 15 are staggered at the bottom of the filter box 5, and at this time, the metal in the fragments will be adsorbed by the electromagnetic frames 15.

[0021] Among them, a limiting sliding groove 10 is formed on the outer wall of the collection pool 2. The end of the hinge shaft 26 is fixedly connected with a transmission gear 30. The outer wall of the transmission gear 30 is engaged with a rack plate 29. The rack plate 29 is slidably connected with the mounting frame 25. A sliding shaft rod 28 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rack plate 29, and the sliding shaft rod 28 is slidably connected with the collection pool 2 through the limiting sliding groove 10.

[0022] Among them, the pressing mechanism 101 includes a hydraulic cylinder 9 and a pressing plate 8. The hydraulic cylinder 9 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the housing 1, and the pressing plate 8 is fixedly connected with the end of the hydraulic cylinder 9.

[0023] Among them, a connecting frame one 11 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pressing plate 8. Symmetrically distributed first rack bars 12 are fixedly connected to both sides of the connecting frame one 11, and the first rack bars 12 are engaged with the outer wall of the first gear 21.

[0024] Among them, a storage box 17 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the side plate 7. The storage box 17 is at the same height as the receiving plate 31. Tooth block groups 14 are fixedly connected to both outer walls of the filter box 5.

[0025] In this implementation scheme, three hydraulic cylinders 9 drive the pressing plate 8 to move downward, fully squeezing the battery fragments in the filter box 5 to promote the falling of the electrolyte. Due to the action of the ratchet assembly 22, when the pressing plate 8 moves downward, the first rack bar 12 on the connecting frame 11 does not drive the ratchet assembly 22 to rotate. It is set that when the pressing plate 8 moves upward, the first rack bar 12 drives the first gear 21 to rotate, and at the same time drives the ratchet assembly 22 to rotate one week, so that the ratchet assembly 22 drives the first shaft rod 19, the outer connecting plate 18 and the connecting slide plate 16 to rotate one week. The connecting slide plate 16 will adaptively retract into the outer connecting plate 18 under resistance. Both ends of the electromagnetic frame 15 will first move upward along the rectangle of the limiting frame 20, driving the side plate 7 to move upward synchronously. The electromagnetic frame 15 moves upward to disperse the squeezed battery fragments and continuously adsorb the metal substances inside. Subsequently, the electromagnetic frame 15 moves backward along the top of the limiting frame 20, so that the side plate 7 gathers the metal substances adsorbed on the outer wall of the electromagnetic frame 15 to the end of the electromagnetic frame 15.

[0026] Wherein, two evenly distributed springs 23 are fixedly connected between the outer connecting plate 18 and the connecting slide plate 16.

[0027] Wherein, a resisting rod 13 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the filter box 5.

[0028] Wherein, four mounting frames 25 are arranged on the outer wall of the central connecting frame 6, and the four mounting frames 25 are distributed in a circular array. Metal extraction mechanisms 202 are arranged on both sides of each filter box 5, and every two adjacent electromagnetic frames 15 are staggered.

[0029] In this implementation scheme, at the same time, when the second shaft rod 34 meshes with the tooth block group 14, the control receiving plate 31 is opened at a certain angle. At this time, the receiving plate 31 is located below the end of the electromagnetic frame 15. When the electromagnetic frame 15 moves to the end and is flush with the side plate 7, the magnetic force of the electromagnetic frame 15 is turned off, and all the metal substances fall into the receiving plate 31, the side plate 7 and the storage box 17 and are collected by the storage box 17. After the electromagnetic frame 15 moves downward along the outside of the limiting frame 20, the second shaft rod 34 meshes with the tooth block group 14 again, thereby closing the channel. The electromagnetic frame 15 is reinserted into the side plate 7 and the battery fragments from the bottom of the limiting frame 20, the magnetic force of the electromagnetic frame 15 is turned on, and the metal substances in the battery fragments are continuously collected.

[0030] The electrolyte falls into the collection pool 2 through the bottom of the filter box 5. After being squeezed three times by the hydraulic cylinder 9 and the pressing plate 8, the sliding shaft rod 28 moves to Figure 3 As shown, when it is within the concave range of the limiting sliding groove 10, the sliding shaft rod 28 moves in the direction close to the filter box 5, drives the transmission gear 30 to rotate through the rack plate 29, and thus drives the entire filter box 5 to be inverted to pour out the battery fragments.

[0031] The following is a detailed explanation of the specific working principle and usage method of the present invention: When in use, the driving motor 3 is set to rotate intermittently in one direction and stop every ninety degrees of rotation. The crushed battery fragments are put into the filter box 5 exposed outside the housing 1 in batches. The three hydraulic cylinders 9 will drive the pressing plate 8 to move downward to fully squeeze the battery fragments in the filter box 5 to promote the falling of the electrolyte. By default, the two electromagnetic frames 15 are staggered at the bottom of the filter box 5, and at this time, the metal in the fragments will be adsorbed by the electromagnetic frames 15.

[0032] Due to the action of the ratchet assembly 22, when the pressing plate 8 moves downward, the first rack bar 12 on the connecting frame one 11 will not drive the ratchet assembly 22 to rotate. It is set that when the pressing plate 8 moves upward, the first rack bar 12 will drive the first gear 21 to rotate, and at the same time drive the ratchet assembly 22 to rotate one week, so that the ratchet assembly 22 drives the first shaft rod 19, the outer connecting plate 18 and the connecting slide plate 16 to rotate one week. The connecting slide plate 16 will adaptively retract into the outer connecting plate 18 under resistance. The two ends of the electromagnetic frame 15 will first move upward along the rectangle of the limiting frame 20, driving the side plate 7 to move upward synchronously. The electromagnetic frame 15 moves upward to disperse the squeezed battery fragments and continuously adsorb the metal substances inside them. Subsequently, the electromagnetic frame 15 moves backward along the top of the limiting frame 20, so that the side plate 7 gathers the metal substances adsorbed on the outer wall of the electromagnetic frame 15 to the end of the electromagnetic frame 15.

[0033] At the same time, when the second shaft rod 34 meshes with the tooth block group 14, the receiving plate 31 is controlled to open a certain angle. At this time, the receiving plate 31 is located below the end of the electromagnetic frame 15. When the electromagnetic frame 15 moves to the end and is flush with the side plate 7, the magnetic force of the electromagnetic frame 15 is turned off, and all the metal substances fall on the receiving plate 31, the side plate 7 and the storage box 17 and are collected by the storage box 17. After the electromagnetic frame 15 moves downward along the outside of the limiting frame 20, the second shaft rod 34 meshes with the tooth block group 14 again, thereby closing the channel. The electromagnetic frame 15 is inserted into the side plate 7 and the battery fragments again from the bottom of the limiting frame 20, the magnetic force of the electromagnetic frame 15 is turned on, and the metal substances in the battery fragments are continuously collected.

[0034] The electrolyte falls into the collection pool 2 through the bottom of the filter box 5. After being squeezed three times by the hydraulic cylinder 9 and the pressing plate 8, when the sliding shaft rod 28 moves to the concave range of the limiting sliding groove 10 as shown in Figure 3 , the sliding shaft rod 28 moves in the direction close to the filter box 5, drives the transmission gear 30 to rotate through the rack plate 29, and thus drives the entire filter box 5 to be inverted to pour out the battery fragments.

[0035] Further explanation, the above fixed connection, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be welding, gluing, or integrally formed setting, etc., which are common means well-known to those skilled in the art.

[0036] As described above, it is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste lithium battery treatment device, comprising a housing (1), a collection pool (2) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom of the housing (1), a drive motor (3) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom of the collection pool (2), an output shaft of the drive motor (3) is fixedly connected to a mounting column (4), the mounting column (4) is rotatably connected to the collection pool (2), a central connection frame (6) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mounting column (4), a mounting frame (25) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the central connection frame (6), one end of the mounting frame (25) is hinged to a first connecting plate (27) through a hinge shaft (26), a filter frame (5) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first connecting plate (27), side plates (7) symmetrically distributed are slidably connected to both outer walls of the filter frame (5), and it is characterized in that, Also includes: The metal extraction mechanism (202) comprises an electromagnetic frame (15), the electromagnetic frame (15) is slidably connected to the side plate (7), the outer wall of the electromagnetic frame (15) is fixedly connected to a connecting shaft (24), the outer wall of the connecting shaft (24) is rotatably connected to a connecting slide plate (16), the outer wall of the connecting slide plate (16) is slidably connected to an external connecting plate (18), the inner wall of the external connecting plate (18) is fixedly connected to a first shaft (19), both ends of the first shaft (19) are rotatably connected to a limit frame (20), and both limit frames (20) are fixedly connected to the filter frame (5) via double-sided connecting rods (32); One end of the first shaft (19) is fixedly connected to a driving mechanism (303), comprising a ratchet assembly (22) and a first gear (21); the ratchet assembly (22) is fixedly connected to the end of the first shaft (19); the first gear (21) is rotatably connected to the ratchet assembly (22) through the shaft; The inner wall of the side plate (7) is provided with a metal storage mechanism (404), comprising a receiving plate (31), the receiving plate (31) being rotatably connected to the side plate (7) via a second shaft (34), and an opening and closing gear (33) being fixedly connected to the end of the second shaft (34); And three pressurizing mechanisms (101), wherein the pressurizing mechanisms (101) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell (1).

2. The waste lithium battery treatment device according to claim 1, wherein: The outer wall of the collection tank (2) is provided with a limit slide groove (10), the end of the hinge shaft (26) is fixedly connected to a transmission gear (30), the outer wall of the transmission gear (30) is meshed with a rack plate (29), the rack plate (29) is slidably connected to the mounting frame (25), the outer wall of the rack plate (29) is fixedly connected to a sliding shaft rod (28), and the sliding shaft rod (28) is slidably connected to the collection tank (2) through the limit slide groove (10).

3. The waste lithium battery processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressurizing mechanism (101) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (9) and a pressure plate (8); the hydraulic cylinder (9) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell (1); and the pressure plate (8) is fixedly connected to the end of the hydraulic cylinder (9).

4. A waste lithium battery treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the pressure plate (8) is fixedly connected to a connecting frame 1 (11), and both sides of the connecting frame 1 (11) are fixedly connected to symmetrically distributed first rack rods (12), and the first rack rods (12) are meshed with the outer wall of the first gear (21).

5. The waste lithium battery treatment device according to claim 2, wherein: Two evenly distributed springs (23) are fixedly connected between the outer connecting plate (18) and the connecting slide plate (16).

6. The waste lithium battery treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A storage box (17) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the side plate (7); the storage box (17) is at the same height as the receiving plate (31); and tooth block assemblies (14) are fixedly connected to the outer walls of both sides of the filter frame (5).

7. An apparatus for treating waste lithium batteries according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the filter frame (5) is fixedly connected with a resisting rod (13).

8. A waste lithium battery treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four mounting frames (25) are arranged on the outer wall of the central connecting frame (6), and the four mounting frames (25) are arranged in a circular array. Metal extraction mechanisms (202) are arranged on both sides of each filter frame (5), and every two adjacent electromagnetic frames (15) are arranged in a staggered manner.

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