Low-orbit remote sensing satellite emergency system adopting portable ground station and control method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of remote sensing satellite ground station measurement, operation and control, and provides a low-orbit remote sensing satellite emergency system adopting a portable ground station and a control method in order to solve the technical problems that an existing fixed ground station is poor in maneuverability, low in timeliness and low in data transmission efficiency in an emergency task. The emergency system at least comprises a task planning part, a measurement and control and data receiving part, a data rapid processing part and a target identification part, the whole system is more focused on rapid task planning, and on-site real shooting and real transmission and on-site interpretation of an emergency shooting task can be realized; according to the low-orbit remote sensing satellite emergency system control method, the time from shooting to information processing does not exceed 15 minutes, so that the timeliness of an emergency task is greatly improved, and the time for receiving a task instruction, acquiring telemetering data, downloading code stream data and producing data by a remote sensing satellite is greatly shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of remote sensing satellite ground station measurement, operation and control, and specifically relates to emergency scheduling of remote sensing satellites and acquisition and processing of remote sensing satellite data. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the booming development of low-earth orbit satellite constellations, the importance of remote sensing satellites in the field of modern information acquisition has become increasingly prominent. For example, they have become an indispensable technical means in modern society in fields such as agriculture, water conservancy, environmental monitoring, disaster assessment, and wartime information acquisition. At the same time, the rapid integration of intelligent technology and remote sensing applications, as well as the promotion of new generation information technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence, have continuously developed the field of remote sensing data processing, further enhancing the application value of remote sensing satellites.

[0003] However, with the sharp increase in the number of on-orbit satellites, the on-orbit management task of satellites faces huge challenges. As the main medium for receiving remote sensing satellite data at present, a fixed ground station usually consists of a large antenna system, complex communication equipment, a data center server, a power supply system, etc. These modules enable the fixed ground station to support multiple satellite tasks, but the task process is relatively complex and has many limitations:

[0004] 1. Numerous large and cumbersome modules make the fixed ground station immovable, and the satellite needs to complete the reception of task instructions and the downlink of data within the limited visible time window with the ground station. This mode results in poor timeliness of data acquisition and cannot meet the requirements of emergency tasks for rapid response.

[0005] 2. Limited coverage: The coverage in overseas or remote areas is insufficient, making the data captured by the satellite in these areas unable to be transmitted in real time and can only be downlinked when the satellite passes over the domestic ground station again, resulting in a significant reduction in data timeliness. For example, in the task of obtaining emergency information in the open sea, the satellite needs to receive task instructions at the domestic ground station, capture and store data overseas, and can only transmit the data back when the satellite passes over the country. The whole process takes several hours or even days, seriously affecting the efficiency of emergency response.

[0006] 3. Long response time: Due to the complex system, it is difficult for the fixed ground station to quickly adjust the task plan and resource allocation in the face of sudden emergency tasks, resulting in a long response time. For emergency tasks with extremely high timeliness, it is crucial to shorten the time from when the remote sensing satellite receives the task instruction, acquires data, downlinks the data, and produces the data.

[0007] 4. Dependence on infrastructure: It requires infrastructure support such as stable power supply and network connection, which is difficult to guarantee in some emergency scenarios or remote areas. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems of poor mobility, low timeliness, and low data transmission efficiency of existing fixed ground stations in emergency tasks, and proposes a low-earth orbit remote sensing satellite emergency system and control method using a portable ground station.

[0009] On the one hand, a low-earth orbit remote sensing satellite emergency system using a portable ground station at least includes the following parts:

[0010] A mission planning part, which can receive emergency mission requirements, analyze satellite orbits and target area visibility, generate satellite upload commands and tracking and receiving plans, and send them to the TT&C and data receiving part to complete the mission planning process;

[0011] The TT&C and data receiving part receives the satellite upload commands and tracking and receiving plans pushed by the mission planning part, completes the reception of remote sensing satellite bitstream data, satellite command upload, and receives satellite telemetry data, and feeds back to the mission planning part;

[0012] The data rapid processing part transmits the satellite bitstream data received by the TT&C and data receiving part to the data rapid processing part, which can process the bitstream data downloaded by the remote sensing satellite to generate a standardized image and input it to the target recognition part;

[0013] The target recognition part constructs a target recognition model to perform target recognition on the standardized image data generated by the data rapid processing part to complete the rapid response to the emergency mission.

[0014] Further, the mission planning part includes a target area module and a resource management module. The target area module can manage the target points and target areas that need to be photographed by the on-orbit satellite, and perform visibility analysis on the target area according to requirements; the resource management module can implement mission planning, generate specific mission parameters and tracking and receiving plans.

[0015] Further, the TT&C and data receiving part includes a data transmission module and a TT&C module. The data transmission module can receive remote sensing satellite bitstream data and monitor the reception status; the TT&C module can implement satellite command upload, telemetry data reception and parsing.

[0016] Further, the target recognition part constructs a target recognition model through training with a deep convolutional neural network and a large-scale labeled dataset, can learn the feature patterns of different targets, and perform feature extraction and target detection on the image data.

[0017] On the other hand, the control method of the low-earth orbit remote sensing satellite emergency system using a portable ground station includes the following steps:

[0018] S1. Emergency mission planning and generating mission parameters;

[0019] Receive emergency mission requirements; analyze the satellite orbit and visibility of the target area, and calculate the specific imaging window; detect and resolve imaging mission conflicts; save the determined imaging window and mission assignment results to the system database, and send them to the TT&C and data reception section;

[0020] S2. Determine whether the emergency mission type is a data transmission mission, a TT&C mission, or a data transmission + TT&C mission. For a data transmission mission, execute S3; for a TT&C mission, execute S4; for a data transmission + TT&C mission, execute S5;

[0021] S3. Execution of data transmission mission: The TT&C and data reception section configures portable ground station receiving equipment to receive the bitstream data transmitted by the remote sensing satellite and monitor the reception status indicators. After completion, temporarily store the data and generate a log, and then jump to S6;

[0022] S4. Execution of TT&C mission: The TT&C and data reception section starts the command uploading process, sends commands to the remote sensing satellite and monitors the status, receives the satellite telemetry data to analyze the satellite status, and feeds back to the mission planning section. After completion, jump to S7;

[0023] S5. Execution of data transmission + TT&C mission: The TT&C and data reception section sends satellite command uploads, receives satellite telemetry data and bitstream data;

[0024] S6. Fast data processing: The TT&C and data reception section pushes the bitstream data to the fast data processing section, and generates a standardized image product after completing data preprocessing and image data;

[0025] S7. Save the standardized image product; at the same time, record the execution status of the low-earth orbit remote sensing satellite emergency system during the mission;

[0026] S8. The target recognition section receives the standardized image product and recognizes the targets in the image.

[0027] Technical effects:

[0028] The portable ground station serves as the hardware foundation of the low-orbit remote sensing satellite emergency system of the present invention. Compared with the existing fixed ground stations, it can be packed and mailed or carried with people to the emergency mission target areas in extreme environments for rapid deployment. At the same time, it is equipped with independent power supplies, communication modules, lightweight antennas, and terminal devices, etc., and has a lower dependence on infrastructure than fixed ground stations. Compared with the complex task processes of fixed ground stations, the emergency system designed by the present invention focuses more on rapid mission planning, can realize real-time shooting and on-site interpretation at the emergency shooting task site, and greatly shortens the time for remote sensing satellites to receive mission instructions, obtain telemetry data, download bitstream data, and produce data. The target recognition model network constructed in the target recognition part extracts the feature information in the standardized images layer by layer, and judges the type of each detected target through a classifier. This process is completely automated without manual intervention, improving the target recognition efficiency. Therefore, the target recognition part can efficiently complete the automated interpretation and target recognition tasks of standardized image data, provide users with highly accurate and highly time-effective data support, and meet the requirements of emergency missions for rapid response and high-precision recognition.

[0029] Through the control method of the low-orbit remote sensing satellite emergency system of the present invention, the time from shooting to information processing does not exceed 15 minutes, greatly improving the timeliness of emergency missions, obtaining the required information in the shortest time, and being able to provide strong support for users' information analysis and decision-making in emergency missions with extremely high timeliness such as disaster relief and military information acquisition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of the low-orbit remote sensing satellite emergency system of the present invention and its external communication.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the control method of the low-orbit remote sensing satellite emergency system of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a flowchart of the mission planning part of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0033] Next, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] On the one hand, each part of the low-orbit remote sensing satellite emergency system in this embodiment will be introduced in detail, and its overall architecture diagram is as Figure 1 shown.

[0035] Regarding the mission planning part:

[0036] Manage the orbital data of on-orbit satellites, payload mission limitations, device parameters, and portable ground station information. Through the target area module and resource management module, achieve efficient planning of satellite missions, and provide data support and constraint support for subsequent modules. The target area module is responsible for managing the target points and target areas that need to be photographed by on-orbit satellites, establishing a target library, and performing visibility analysis on the target area according to requirements; the resource management module is responsible for the allocation of satellite and ground station resources, realizing mission planning, and generating specific mission parameters and tracking and receiving plans.

[0037] For the TT&C and data reception part:

[0038] It consists of a data transmission module and a TT&C module. The data transmission module can receive satellite bitstream data. According to the instructions of the resource management module in the mission planning part, start the data receiving device to receive the bitstream data transmitted by the satellite; at the same time, monitor the receiving status of the bitstream data in real time, including indicators such as data rate and receiving quality; and perform preliminary data processing, including data caching, log generation and pushing to the production system. The TT&C module can realize satellite command uploading, telemetry data reception and parsing. Among them, satellite command uploading includes links such as command loading and sorting, command sending, timeout and error handling; both ensure precise control and status monitoring of the satellite.

[0039] For the target recognition part:

[0040] Through deep learning, such as deep convolutional neural network, and training with a large-scale labeled dataset to construct an efficient target recognition model. This model can learn the feature patterns of different targets, and the recognized targets include airplanes, ships, vehicles, etc., so as to quickly identify the targets in the standardized images in practical applications; input the standardized images generated by the fast data processing part in the target recognition model, and perform feature extraction and target detection on the image data. This target recognition model is prior art, and the internal layer structure of the model will not be elaborated here.

[0041] On the other hand, this embodiment details each step in the control method of the low-earth orbit remote sensing satellite emergency system. The method flow chart is as Figure 2 shown.

[0042] First, submit the emergency shooting task requirements through the system interface or dedicated terminal. The task requirements include the geographical location (latitude and longitude) of the target area, shooting time window, data type (such as optical image, video, etc.), task priority, and whether real-time data transmission is required, etc. After the system receives the task requirements, it automatically records the basic information of the task and stores it in the task queue for further processing.

[0043] S1. Emergency mission planning and generating mission parameters;

[0044] As Figure 3 shown, the mission planning section calls the satellite orbit prediction service according to the received emergency mission requirements, analyzes the visibility of on-orbit satellites to the target area, and determines the time window when the satellite can take pictures; based on the satellite visibility analysis results, it further calculates the specific imaging window, considering payload parameters and the geographical location of the target area; at the same time, it detects and resolves imaging mission conflicts, optimizes satellite mission allocation, and ensures the effective utilization of resources; after saving the determined imaging window and mission allocation results to the system database, the mission planning section combines the satellite's orbit data, payload parameters, storage capacity, and the visible time window of the portable ground station to generate a detailed shooting mission plan, including the satellite's shooting time, shooting mode, geometric information of the target area, and the time window for data downlink, etc., and evaluates the feasibility and priority of the mission to ensure the rationality and efficiency of the mission.

[0045] According to the mission analysis results, specific mission parameters and tracking and receiving plans are generated. The mission parameters include the satellite's shooting parameters (such as exposure time, gain, side-sway angle, etc.), data downlink parameters (such as bitstream rate, transmission mode, etc.), and the ground station's receiving parameters (such as antenna pointing, receiving frequency, etc.). The tracking and receiving plan clarifies the execution sequence, time nodes, and interaction process with the ground station of the mission. The generated mission parameters and tracking and receiving plans are sent to the TT&C and data receiving section for subsequent mission execution.

[0046] S2. The system determines the type of mission according to the mission planning results. The mission types are divided into three categories: data transmission mission - only involving data downlink, not including command uplink; TT&C mission - only involving command uplink, not including data downlink; data transmission + TT&C mission: involving both command uplink and data downlink at the same time. According to the mission type, the system will jump to the corresponding execution steps: if it is a data transmission mission, jump to S3; if it is a TT&C mission, jump to S4; if it is a data transmission + TT&C mission, jump to S5.

[0047] S3. Execution of data transmission mission:

[0048] The TT&C and data receiving section configures the receiving equipment of the portable ground station to prepare for receiving the bitstream data transmitted by the satellite. During the data receiving process, it monitors the data receiving status in real time, including indicators such as data rate, receiving quality, and data integrity. After receiving, the bitstream data is temporarily stored in the local buffer area, and a data receiving log is generated, then jump to S6.

[0049] S4. Execution of TT&C mission:

[0050] The measurement and control and data reception part starts the command uploading process according to the mission plan, loads the command list, and sequentially sends the commands to the satellite according to the priority and time sequence. During the command uploading process, it monitors the command sending status in real time. If a timeout or error occurs, it automatically triggers the retransmission mechanism to ensure the successful uploading of the commands. At the same time, the measurement and control and data reception part receives the telemetry data transmitted by the satellite, analyzes the satellite status information (such as attitude, orbit parameters, payload status, etc.) in the telemetry data, and feeds back the analysis results to the mission planning part for mission status monitoring and dynamic adjustment. After completion, it jumps to S7.

[0051] S5. Execution of data transmission + measurement and control tasks:

[0052] The measurement and control and data reception part simultaneously starts the execution of the data transmission and measurement and control tasks. On the one hand, it loads the command list, sequentially uploads and sends the satellite commands to the satellite, and monitors the command sending status; on the other hand, it configures the receiving equipment of the portable ground station to prepare for receiving the bitstream data and telemetry data transmitted by the satellite, and monitors the data reception status in real time. The specific execution processes of the data transmission task and the telemetry task are the same as those in S3 and S4. During the execution process, through multi-threading or parallel processing technology, it ensures the efficient execution of the data transmission and measurement and control tasks. After completion, it transfers to S6.

[0053] S6. The specific process of the data rapid processing part is as follows:

[0054] The bitstream data is first preprocessed. First, the format of the bitstream data is parsed to convert it into a standard format that can be processed; in order to improve the data security and transmission efficiency, the received data needs to be decrypted and decompressed; the decrypted and decompressed data is classified and marked for subsequent processing and storage; the preprocessed data enters the image data processing. First, the histogram matching method is used. By establishing a histogram lookup table, the remote sensing image is radiometrically corrected; then, using the precise attitude parameters of the satellite (including the roll, pitch, and yaw angles of the satellite) and the rational function model for geometric correction; finally, using the georeference data (such as topographic maps, control points) and digital elevation models, the image data is corrected to eliminate the topographic distortion and projection differences in the image, and finally a standardized image product is generated.

[0055] After the processing is completed, the image data is rapidly interpreted to extract key information, and the processing results and interpretation information are pushed to the mission planning part. After completion, it transfers to S7.

[0056] S7. Save the standardized image product, summarize and record the mission execution situation, and at the same time save the operation logs of each sub-unit device during the mission execution process. Thus, the mission process ends.

[0057] S8. The target recognition part receives the standardized image products generated by the data rapid processing part, and uses deep learning technology to automatically interpret the image data. A target recognition model is constructed through a deep convolutional neural network to identify targets such as airplanes, ships, and vehicles in the images. The recognition results are fed back to the 3D Earth interface in vector form to achieve automatic display and analysis. Users can intuitively view the positions and relevant information of the recognized targets through the 3D Earth interface, further improving the data availability and user experience. The output results of the target recognition module can be used by users for subsequent decision support and analysis applications.

[0058] In this embodiment, a specific size of the portable ground station is given. Its antenna is designed to be foldable and lightweight and is placed in the antenna array packaging box with dimensions less than or equal to 133 cm × 38 cm × 81 cm and a weight less than 40 kg; the three-line large bottom packaging box: with dimensions less than or equal to 93 cm × 93 cm × 42 cm and a weight less than 36 kg; the servo base packaging box: with dimensions less than or equal to 125 cm × 53 cm × 58 cm and a weight less than 67 kg; the packaging boxes for the central body feed, power supply, cables, etc.: with dimensions less than or equal to 108 cm × 62 cm × 52 cm and a weight less than 53 kg; the above packaging boxes are equipped with rollers and retractable handle bars and can be transported by two people. It also includes a tripod with dimensions less than or equal to 45 cm × 45 cm × 60 cm and a weight less than 41 kg; the overall equipment deployment volume is less than the bottom area of 2.005 m 2 × height of 2.250 m, fully considering the requirements of emergency tasks and having the characteristics of lightweight and easy deployment.

[0059] The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art. At the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes according to the idea of the present invention. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-orbit remote sensing satellite emergency system using a portable ground station, characterized in that: At least the following parts shall be included: The mission planning part can receive emergency mission requirements, analyze satellite orbits and target area visibility, generate satellite injection instructions and tracking reception plans, and send them to the measurement, control and data reception part to complete the mission planning process; The measurement, control and data receiving part receives the satellite injection command and tracking reception plan pushed by the mission planning part, completes the remote sensing satellite code stream data reception, satellite instruction injection and satellite telemetry data reception, and feeds back to the mission planning part; The data fast processing part transmits the satellite code stream data received by the measurement and control and data receiving part to the data fast processing part, which can process the code stream data transmitted by the remote sensing satellite to generate a standardized image and input it into the target recognition part; In the target recognition part, a target recognition model is built to perform target recognition on the standardized image data generated by the rapid data processing part to complete the rapid response to emergency tasks.

2. The low-orbit remote sensing satellite emergency system using a portable ground station according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The mission planning part includes a target area module and a resource management module. The target area module can manage the target points and target areas that the in-orbit satellite needs to shoot, and perform visibility analysis on the target area according to needs; the resource management module can realize mission planning, generate specific mission parameters and tracking reception plans.

3. The low-orbit remote sensing satellite emergency system using a portable ground station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measurement and control and data receiving part includes a data transmission module and a measurement and control module. The data transmission module can realize the reception of remote sensing satellite code stream data and monitor the receiving status; the measurement and control module can realize satellite command injection, telemetry data reception and analysis.

4. The low-orbit remote sensing satellite emergency system using a portable ground station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target recognition part builds a target recognition model through deep convolutional neural network and large-scale annotated data set training, which can learn the characteristic patterns of different targets and perform feature extraction and target detection on image data.

5. A control method for a low-orbit remote sensing satellite emergency system using a portable ground station, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Emergency mission planning and generation of mission parameters; Receive emergency mission requirements; Analyze satellite orbits and visibility to target areas, calculate specific imaging windows; detect and resolve imaging task conflicts; save determined imaging windows and task allocation results to the system database and send to the measurement, control and data receiving section; S2: Determine whether the emergency task type is a data transmission task, a measurement and control task, or a data transmission + measurement and control task. The data transmission task executes S3, the measurement and control task executes S4, and the data transmission + measurement and control task executes S5; S3, data transmission task execution: The measurement and control and data receiving part is equipped with a portable ground station receiving device to receive the code stream data transmitted by the remote sensing satellite and monitor the receiving status indicators. After completion, the data is temporarily stored and a log is generated, and then jump to S6; S4, measurement and control task execution: The measurement and control and data receiving part starts the command injection process, sends commands to the remote sensing satellite and monitors the status, receives satellite telemetry data to analyze the satellite status, and feeds back to the task planning part. After completion, jump to S7; S5, data transmission + measurement and control task execution: the measurement and control and data receiving part sends satellite command injection, receives satellite telemetry data and code stream data; S6, data fast processing, the measurement and control and data receiving part pushes the code stream data to the data fast processing part, and after completing the data preprocessing and image data, a standardized image product is generated; S7. Save standardized image products; and record the execution status of the low-orbit remote sensing satellite emergency system during the mission; S8. The target recognition part receives the standardized image product and recognizes the target in the image.

6. The control method of the low-orbit remote sensing satellite emergency system using a portable ground station according to claim 5, characterized in that: The S1 is specifically as follows: the task planning part calls the satellite orbit prediction service according to the received emergency task requirements, analyzes the visibility of the on-orbit satellite to the target area, and determines the time window in which the satellite can shoot; then based on the satellite visibility analysis results, further calculates the specific imaging window, taking into account the payload parameters and the geographical location of the target area; at the same time, detects and resolves imaging task conflicts, optimizes satellite task allocation, and ensures the effective use of resources; after saving the determined imaging window and task allocation results to the system database, the task planning part combines the satellite's orbital data, payload parameters, storage capacity, and the visible time window of the portable ground station to generate a detailed shooting task plan, including the satellite's shooting time, shooting mode, geometric information of the target area, and the time window for data download, and evaluates the feasibility and priority of the task to ensure the rationality and efficiency of the task; Generate specific mission parameters and tracking reception plans based on the mission analysis results. Mission parameters include satellite shooting parameters, data transmission parameters, and ground station reception parameters. The tracking and receiving plan specifies the execution order, time nodes and interaction process with the ground station of the tasks. The generated mission parameters and tracking and receiving plan are sent to the measurement, control and data receiving part.

7. The control method of the low-orbit remote sensing satellite emergency system using a portable ground station according to claim 5, characterized in that: The S6 is specifically as follows: the code stream data is preprocessed, firstly the code stream data is format parsed and converted into a processable standard format; and the received data is decrypted and decompressed; the decrypted and decompressed data is classified and marked; The pre-processed data enters the image data processing. First, the histogram matching method is used to establish a histogram lookup table to perform radiation correction on the remote sensing image; then the satellite's precise attitude parameters and rational function model are used for geometric correction; finally, the image data is corrected using geographic reference data and digital elevation models to eliminate terrain distortion and projection differences in the image, and finally a standardized image product is generated. After the processing is completed, the image data is quickly interpreted to extract key information.

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