Composite element for insulating glass panes

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite element (10), in particular for insulating panes, comprising at least one first pane element (20) and at least one second pane element (22) and at least one first profiled element (30), the profiled element (30) having at least one first joining surface (32) and / or at least one second joining surface (33), wherein the first and / or the second bonding surface (32, 33) is provided and designed to apply and / or receive a first bonding agent (40), a third bonding surface (34) adjoining the first bonding surface (32) for applying and / or receiving a second bonding agent (50), and / or a fourth bonding surface (35) adjoining the second bonding surface (33) for applying and / or receiving the second bonding agent (50), wherein the first plate element (20) and the second plate element (22) are bonded or can be bonded by means of the profile element (30) and a first bonding agent (40) and / or a second bonding agent (50), the first bonding agent (40) being a two-component (meth) acrylate adhesive, characterized in that the first plate element (20) and the second plate element (22) are bonded or can be bonded by means of the profile element (30) and the second bonding agent (50). The two-component (meth) acrylate adhesive comprises at least two selected methyl (acrylate) monomers in specific contents and specific weight ratios. The invention also relates to an insulating pane (100), a profile element (30), a window, a door and a method for producing a composite element or an insulating pane (100).

Description

Field of the Invention

[0001] The present invention relates to a composite element, in particular a composite element for insulating glass panes, insulating glass panes, profile elements, windows, doors, and a method for manufacturing a composite element or an insulating glass pane. Background Art

[0002] Insulating glass panes are known in the prior art.

[0003] Multi-layer board insulating glass (MIG), also known as heat-insulating glass or insulating glass, is a component for windows, for example, composed of at least two glass panes. There is a cavity between the panes, and the cavity is hermetically sealed and used for heat insulation. Its predecessors were double-pane glass without airtight seals (so-called composite windows) and double single-pane glasses for casement windows or storm windows (Winterfenster).

[0004] Compared with other types of heat-insulating glass, insulating glass is an independent system that can function properly without a surrounding frame (usually a window sash). This is achieved through edge bonding, which holds the individual glass panes at a certain distance while sealing the space between the panes. For many years, there has been no air in the space between the panes, but rather, for example, the better-insulating inert gas argon is usually present.

[0005] In order to minimize the heat conduction of the insulating glass pane as much as possible, the space between the panes can be increased. However, since the gas transfers heat not only through heat conduction (conduction) but also through air flow (convection) as the volume increases, the heat insulation becomes worse again due to the enclosed gas when the plate spacing exceeds a certain value. To prevent this, another (third) glass pane is usually installed in the insulating glass.

[0006] The purpose of edge bonding is to mechanically hold the glass panes at a certain distance, prevent the escape of the filled gas, and prevent the infiltration of ambient air and air moisture.

[0007] In the early days of the development of double-insulating glass technology, a metal spacer was welded between the two panes. Another method was to melt and bend the edges of the glass to seal the individual glass panes in this way.

[0008] However, two-stage adhesive edge bonding has been common for decades. Profile strips (so-called spacers) 10 to 20 mm wide made of aluminum, stainless steel, or plastic are provided with sticky butyl rubber layers on both sides. After being tightly pressed, the sticky butyl rubber layers bond the panes together and at the same time act as the first sealing layer. For example, DE 102 11 940 A1 describes a door leaf composed of two glass panes, where the glass panes are connected by profile strips provided at the edges of the glass panes. Butyl materials are respectively provided between the profile strips and the glass panes as an adhesive layer and a vapor barrier layer to protect the interior of the door leaf from moisture infiltrating from the outside.

[0009] After filling the space between the plates with gas, a second permanent elastic sealing layer composed of polyurethane or special polysulfide is provided in the gap between the periphery of the spacer and the protruding glass edge. For facade elements exposed to ultraviolet light at this location, silicone is used, but silicone is more permeable. An example of the use of a sealant composed of polysulfide or silicone can be found in EP 0 852 280 A1, which relates to spacers for multilayer insulating glass. The spacers described therein are characterized by having a metal foil mounted on the entire adhesive surface facing the glass cavity.

[0010] Edge bonding can only ensure the normal function of the insulating glass pane for a certain period of time because gas diffusion through the bonded edge composite cannot be completely avoided. Therefore, due to the escape of the filling gas, the heat insulation value will continuously decrease - the specification stipulates a maximum gas loss of 1% per year - and ambient air and air moisture will penetrate. A service life of 20 to 30 years is mentioned in the literature. In order not to let the infiltrated moisture accumulate in the space between the plates in the form of condensate, a desiccant composed of a material such as silica gel or molecular sieve (zeolite) is introduced into the spacer, as described in EP 0228 641A2. Once the desiccant is used up, the inner side of the pane will fog up. This is called a "blind pane (blinde Scheibe)".

[0011] Edge bonding deteriorates the heat insulation of the insulating glass pane. The heat transfer coefficient of insulating glass is expressed as the Ug value (g = glass), without considering the influence of edge bonding. Assuming the influence of edge bonding is considered, the U value of a 1m × 1m double-insulating glass pane with a traditional aluminum spacer having a Ug value of 1.2 W / m 2 K (Psi value: 0.068 W / m·K) is: 1.2 W / m 2 K + (4m × 0.068 W / mK) = 1.5 W / m 2 K.

[0012] At lower external temperatures, the impaired heat insulation value at the pane edge also causes condensate to accumulate on the inner pane edge. (Since old window elements usually have higher permeability at the joints, the condensate is dried by the infiltrated cold air and is not obvious.) By using thermally improved edge bonding - the so-called warm edge with a Psi value of 0.03 W / m·K to 0.05 W / m·K - depending on the Psi value and indoor humidity, condensate accumulation only occurs at lower external temperatures.

[0013] However, the problem with known insulating glass panes with edge composites having the above two-stage bonding is that these structures are relatively complex and the loads that occur (such as the thermal expansion of the glass and the spacer, the self-weight of the glass, live loads such as wind pressure, suction, and operating forces) are huge. These structures are complex and costly to manufacture, and have an additional high weight due to the relatively large edge composite, which poses additional requirements (such as in terms of fixation) especially for large-area insulating glass. However, for aesthetic reasons, there is a general need for thinner and more delicate insulating glass structures with smaller and less obtrusive edge composites.

[0014] To solve this problem, new bonding schemes have been developed. For example, WO 2014 / 184256 A1 discloses a significantly improved composite element for insulating glass panes, which is particularly shear-resistant, while being lightweight, stable, and less costly. This is achieved in particular by using a two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive as a structural adhesive to bond the plate element and the profile element. As a particularly suitable adhesive, -5211 is taught. By using this adhesive with a high shear modulus and high strength, particularly stable composite elements can be manufactured, which can be used for reinforcement without additional measures, such as frame profiles with large frame cross-sections that are usually required. Thus, lighter, thinner, and more aesthetically pleasing composite elements can be manufactured, for example, composite elements for large-area glass in buildings.

[0015] However, it has been found that the solution disclosed in WO 2014 / 184256 A1, despite the significant improvements, still has certain drawbacks. The two-component (meth)acrylate adhesives of the prior art, although clearly surpassing conventional silicone adhesives in terms of strength and stiffness and being very suitable for use in composite elements, become brittle and lose their elasticity at particularly low temperatures, such as -20 °C. If high stresses are additionally generated in the composite element in such a case, for example due to wind pressure or the thermal expansion or contraction of the glass, this may lead to glass breakage or adhesive breakage, because the cold-brittle adhesive is no longer able to compensate for the generated stresses.

[0016] Since extremely low temperatures, such as -20 °C, may occur in cold regions during winter, there is a need for an improved two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive that can be used to manufacture the composite elements taught in WO 2014 / 184256 A1 and overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks.

[0017] Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to further develop a composite element, in particular for an insulating glass pane, an insulating glass pane, a profile element, a window, a door, and a method for further manufacturing such composite element or insulating glass pane in an advantageous manner, in particular to provide an insulating glass pane that is particularly shear-resistant but at the same time lightweight, stable and less costly due to material savings (compared to most conventional insulating glass panes), and moreover, compared to the prior art taught in, for example, WO 2014 / 184256 A1, the stability of the insulating glass pane against stress-induced damage is also improved at very low temperatures. Summary of the Invention

[0018] According to the invention, this object is achieved by a composite element having the features of claim 1. According to said claim, a composite element comprises at least one first plate element and at least one second plate element and at least one first profile element, wherein the profile element has at least one first bonding surface and / or at least one second bonding surface, wherein the first and / or second bonding surfaces are arranged and configured for applying and / or receiving a first binder, wherein adjacent to the first bonding surface is a third bonding surface for applying and / or receiving a second binder, and / or adjacent to the second bonding surface is a fourth bonding surface for applying and / or receiving a second binder, wherein the first plate element and the second plate element are joined by the profile element and the first binder and / or the second binder. The first binder is a two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive as defined in claim 1.

[0019] The composite element can in particular be a composite element for an insulating glass pane. The profile element can for example be a spacer for an insulating glass pane.

[0020] The particular advantage thereby achieved is that a composite element comprising at least one first plate element and at least one second plate element can be provided, which composite element can for example be used in combination with an insulating glass pane of a window or a door, is particularly shear-resistant but at the same time lightweight, stable and less costly due to material savings, and moreover can resist stress damage even at very low temperatures such as, for example, -20 °C.

[0021] Due to its advantageous mechanical properties, the composite element according to the invention can be used without additional reinforcement measures or with significantly reduced additional reinforcement measures (such as metal reinforcements in the window frame). Thus, narrower frames and larger plate elements can be used, increasing the incident light through the larger possible plate area, reducing the known heat losses due to metal reinforcements and expanding the design freedom in the production of insulating glass panes. Moreover, the production can have fewer working steps, conserve resources, save costs and make efficient, automated production simpler.

[0022] The first plate element and the second plate element can be, for example, a glass plate or a plastic plate.

[0023] The first adhesive is a two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive, wherein the two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive comprises:

[0024] - Component K1, said component K1 comprising

[0025] a) at least one monomer A of formula (IIIa),

[0026]

[0027] wherein R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a methyl group;

[0028] R 2 represents a straight-chain or branched-chain hydroxyalkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, or a group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, containing a phenyl group or an aliphatic 5-membered or 6-membered ring containing at least one ether oxygen in the ring structure;

[0029] b) at least one monomer B of formula (IIIb),

[0030]

[0031] wherein R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a methyl group;

[0032] R 4 represents a straight-chain alkyl group having more than 12 carbon atoms and preferably at most 20 carbon atoms in the chain;

[0033] c) at least one elastomer C of formula (I) preferably between 10% and 20% by weight based on component K1,

[0034]

[0035] wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;

[0036] X represents the part of the polymer polyol after removing two OH - groups;

[0037] and Y represents O or NR”, wherein R” represents a hydrocarbon group or a hydrogen atom, preferably a hydrogen atom; and

[0038] d) preferably at least one additive selected from core-shell polymers, free-radical curing activators, free-radical curing inhibitors, fillers and tackifiers;

[0039] Provided that component K1 contains a mixture of monomer A and monomer B between 25% and 75% by weight, preferably between 40% and 60% by weight based on component K1, and

[0040] Provided that the mass ratio of monomer A to monomer B in component K1 is between 1:1 and 9:1, preferably between 6:4 and 8:2;

[0041] - and component K2, which contains at least one free-radical curing initiator.

[0042] Substances named with "poly / multi", such as polyisocyanates, polyurethanes, polyesters or polyols, represent substances that formally contain two or more functional groups appearing in their names per molecule herein.

[0043] The term "polymer" herein includes on the one hand chemically homogeneous aggregates obtained by polymerization reactions (polyaddition, addition polymerization, polycondensation), but macromolecules that vary in terms of degree of polymerization, molecular weight and chain length. On the other hand, the term also includes derivatives of the macromolecular aggregates resulting from polymerization reactions, i.e., compounds obtained by reactions of functional groups on the predetermined macromolecules (such as addition or substitution) and that are either chemically consistent or chemically inconsistent. The term also encompasses so-called prepolymers, i.e., reactive oligomeric preadducts whose functional groups participate in the reactions for forming macromolecules.

[0044] The term "polymer polyol" herein includes any polymer having more than one hydroxyl group as defined above. Thus, the term "polymer diol" includes any polymer having exactly two hydroxyl groups. The term "polyurethane polymer" encompasses all polymers obtained by the so-called diisocyanate-addition-polymerization method. It also includes polymers that contain little or no urethane groups. Examples of polyurethane polymers are polyether-polyurethanes, polyester-polyurethanes, polyether-polyureas, polyureas, polyester-polyureas, polyisocyanurates and polycarbodiimides.

[0045] "Molecular weight" is understood herein as the defined and discrete molar mass (in g / mol) of a molecule or a part of a molecule (also called a "group"). "Average molecular weight" represents the number-average M of a mixture of molecules or groups in oligomeric or polymeric form, especially polydisperse n , which is usually determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) relative to polystyrene standards.

[0046] The term "(meth)acrylate" means "methacrylate" or "acrylate".

[0047] If not otherwise stated, the dashed lines in the formulas herein each represent a bond between a substituent and the corresponding molecular group.

[0048] "Room temperature" means a temperature of about 23 °C.

[0049] Unless otherwise specified, all industry specifications or standards mentioned herein refer to the valid versions of the industry specifications or standards at the time of filing this patent application.

[0050] The terms "quality" and "weight" are used synonymously herein. Thus, "weight percentage" (wt%) represents parts by mass percentage and, unless otherwise stated, is based on the mass (weight) of all the compositions or depends on the relationship of the whole molecule.

[0051] The two-component (meth)acrylate binder used as the first binder consists of a first component K1 and a second component K2.

[0052] Component K1 further comprises at least one monomer A of formula (IIIa),

[0053]

[0054] wherein R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a methyl group;

[0055] R 2 represents a straight-chain or branched hydroxyalkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, or a group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms and containing a phenyl group or an aliphatic 5-membered or 6-membered ring containing at least one ether oxygen in the ring structure.

[0056] R in formula (IIIa) 1 preferably represents a methyl group.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, R in formula (IIIa) 2 represents a straight-chain or branched hydroxyalkyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms. Examples of such monomers are hydroxypropyl acrylate (HPA), hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA), hydroxybutyl acrylate (HBA) or hydroxybutyl methacrylate (HBMA), preferably hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) or hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and particularly preferably hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA).

[0058] In another preferred embodiment, R in formula (IIIa) 2 represents a group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, which includes an aliphatic 5-membered or 6-membered ring having one or two ether oxygens in the ring structure.

[0059] Most preferably, R in formula (IIIa) 2 represents hydroxyethyl or benzyl or at least one of the groups (IVa) to (IVc) in formula (IV),

[0060]

[0061] where the dotted line in formula (IV) represents an oxygen atom and R2 A key between them. Examples of such monomer A are benzyl acrylate (BNA), benzyl methacrylate (BNMA), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate (THFMA), and the isomer mixture glyceryl formal methacrylate (including the structures (IVb) and (IVc) of formula (IV); CAS-No. 1620329-57-8), which is available from Evonik under the trade name GLYFOMA.

[0062] The most preferred monomer A is benzyl methacrylate (BNMA), tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate (THFMA), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and glyceryl formal methacrylate (GLYFOMA).

[0063] Of course, mixtures of these monomer A can also be used.

[0064] Component K1 further comprises at least one monomer B of formula (IIIb),

[0065]

[0066] wherein R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a methyl group; and

[0067] R 4 represents a straight-chain alkyl group having more than 12 carbon atoms and preferably at most 20 carbon atoms in the chain.

[0068] R in formula (IIIb) 3 preferably represents a methyl group.

[0069] R in formula (IIIb) 4 preferably represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 13 to 18 carbon atoms in the chain. If there is a mixture of groups R 4 with different chain lengths, the average chain length is officially used as a measure of the effective chain length of R 4 in.

[0070] Examples of such monomer B are dodecyltetradecyl acrylate (LATEA), dodecyltetradecyl methacrylate (LATEMA), octadecyl acrylate (STEA), and octadecyl methacrylate (STEMA). Most preferred are dodecyltetradecyl methacrylate (LATEMA) and octadecyl methacrylate (STEMA).

[0071] Component K1 comprises a mixture of monomer A and monomer B in an amount between 25% by weight and 75% by weight, preferably between 40% by weight and 60% by weight, based on component K1.

[0072] Here, the mass ratio of monomer A to monomer B in component K1 is between 1:1 and 9:1, preferably between 6:4 and 8:2.

[0073] Within these limits, improved elasticity can be achieved at room temperature and extremely low temperatures down to -20 °C.

[0074] In particular, the two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive contains no other monomers apart from the above-mentioned monomers A and B. Component K1 contains at least one elastomer C of formula (I) between 10% by weight and 20% by weight, based on component K1,

[0075]

[0076] wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;

[0077] X represents the moiety of the polymer polyol after removal of two OH-groups; Y represents O or NR", where R" represents a hydrocarbon group or a hydrogen atom, preferably a hydrogen atom.

[0078] The elastomer C of formula (I) preferably has an average molecular weight of from 1000 to 40000 g / mol, in particular from 1000 to 30000 g / mol, preferably from 1000 to 20000 g / mol.

[0079] In the elastomer C of formula (I), the group X represents the moiety of the polymer polyol after removal of two OH-groups, where the polymer polyol is in particular a polyalkylene polyol, a polyoxyalkylene polyol or a polyurethane polyol; a polyhydroxy-functional ethylene-propylene copolymer, an ethylene-butene copolymer or an ethylene-propylene-diene copolymer; a polyhydroxy-functional copolymer consisting of a diene (such as 1,3-butadiene) or a mixture of dienes and a vinyl monomer (such as styrene, acrylonitrile or isobutene); a polyhydroxy-functional polybutadiene polyol; a polyhydroxy-functional acrylonitrile / butadiene copolymer; or a polysiloxane polyol.

[0080] The polyhydroxy-terminated acrylonitrile / butadiene copolymer is generally prepared from a carboxyl-terminated acrylonitrile / butadiene copolymer (such as commercially available under the name CTBN from Emerald Performance Materials, LLC, USA) and an epoxide or an amino alcohol.

[0081] Suitable elastomers C of formula (I) are commercially available, for example, from the US company Kraton Polymers or under the trade names VTB and VTBNX from Emerald Performance Materials, LLC, USA.

[0082] Polymeric polyols, especially polymeric diols PD.

[0083] The elastomer C of formula (I) is preferably a polyurethane (meth)acrylate. Such compounds are generally prepared by the reaction of at least one diol D with at least one diisocyanate and (meth)acrylic acid, (meth)acrylamide or a (meth)acrylate having a hydroxyl group.

[0084] In the first method, the reaction can be carried out by reacting the diol D and the diisocyanate in a conventional manner, for example at a temperature of 50 °C to 100 °C, optionally using a suitable catalyst, with the proviso that the NCO groups are present in a stoichiometric excess relative to the OH groups. The isocyanate group-terminated polyurethane polymer obtained from this reaction is then reacted with (meth)acrylic acid, (meth)acrylamide or a (meth)acrylate having a hydroxyl group, in particular with a hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate such as hydroxypropyl acrylate (HPA), hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA), hydroxybutyl acrylate (HBA) or hydroxybutyl methacrylate (HBMA), preferably with hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) or hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), or with a monohydroxy polyurethane (meth)acrylate of a polyol (preferably glycerol or trimethylolpropane).

[0085] In the second method, the diol D can be reacted with the diisocyanate, with the OH groups being present in a stoichiometric excess relative to the NCO groups. The hydroxyl group-terminated polyurethane polymer obtained from this reaction can be esterified with (meth)acrylic acid to form the elastomer C of formula (I).

[0086] Another method for preparing the elastomer C is to react, in a first step, (meth)acrylic acid, (meth)acrylamide or a (meth)acrylate having a hydroxyl group, in particular a hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate such as hydroxypropyl acrylate (HPA), hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA), hydroxybutyl acrylate (HBA) or hydroxybutyl methacrylate (HBMA), preferably hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) or hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), or a monohydroxy poly(meth)acrylate of a polyol (preferably glycerol or trimethylolpropane), with at least one diisocyanate, the amount of the diisocyanate being such that the NCO groups are in excess relative to the OH groups. In a subsequent reaction, the resulting intermediate product having isocyanate groups is reacted with at least one diol D to form the elastomer C of formula (I).

[0087] The elastomer C of formula (I) can also be prepared by the esterification of (meth)acrylic acid with the diol D, with the diol being present in a stoichiometric excess. In a subsequent reaction, the partially esterified diol D is reacted with the diisocyanate to form the elastomer C of formula (I).

[0088] The preferred diol D is a polyalkylene glycol (also known as "polyether diol"), a polyester diol, a polycarbonate diol, and mixtures thereof. The most preferred diols are polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, or polybutylene glycol.

[0089] The polyalkylene glycols can have different degrees of unsaturation (measured according to ASTM D-2849-69 and expressed as milliequivalents of unsaturation per gram of polyol (mEq / g)). Those with low degrees of unsaturation are prepared, for example, with the aid of so-called double metal cyanide complex catalysts (DMC catalysts), while those with higher degrees of unsaturation are prepared, for example, with the aid of anionic catalysts (such as NaOH, KOH, CsOH, or alkali metal alkoxides).

[0090] For diols with a molecular weight ≥ 2000 g / mol, polyalkylene glycols with low degrees of unsaturation (especially less than 0.01 mEq / g) are preferably used.

[0091] Basically all diisocyanates are suitable as the diisocyanate. For example, mention is made of 1,6 - hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), 2 - methylpentamethylene - 1,5 - diisocyanate, 2,2,4 - and 2,4,4 - trimethyl - 1,6 - hexamethylene diisocyanate (TMDI), 1,12 - dodecamethylene diisocyanate, lysine - and lysine ester diisocyanates, cyclohexane - 1,3 - diisocyanate, cyclohexane - 1,4 - diisocyanate, 1 - isocyanato - 3,3,5 - trimethyl - 5 - isocyanatomethyl - cyclohexane ( = isophorone diisocyanate or IPDI), perhydro - 2,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and perhydro - 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1,4 - diisocyanato - 2,2,6 - trimethylcyclohexane (TMCDI), 1,3 - and 1,4 - bis-(isocyanatomethyl)-cyclohexane, m - and p - xylylene diisocyanates (m - and p - XDI), m - and p - tetramethyl - 1,3 - xylylene diisocyanates, m - and p - tetramethyl - 1,4 - xylylene diisocyanates, bis-(1 - isocyanato - 1 - methylethyl)-naphthalene, 2,4 - and 2,6 - tolylene diisocyanates (TDI), 4,4'-, 2,4'- and 2,2'-diphenylmethane diisocyanates (MDI), 1,3 - and 1,4 - phenylene diisocyanates, 2,3,5,6 - tetramethyl - 1,4 - diisocyanatobenzene, naphthalene - 1,5 - diisocyanate (NDI), 3,3'-dimethyl - 4,4'-diisocyanatobiphenyl (TODI), oligomers and polymers of the above isocyanates, and any mixtures of the above isocyanates. The preferred diisocyanate is 1 - isocyanato - 3,3,5 - trimethyl - 5 - isocyanatomethyl - cyclohexane (IPDI).

[0092] The most preferred elastomer C is a polyurethane (meth)acrylate prepared in particular from at least one diol D (especially polyoxypropylene diol) and at least one diisocyanate and a (meth)acrylate having a hydroxyl group, where

[0093] - the diol D reacts with a stoichiometric excess of the diisocyanate, especially isophorone diisocyanate;

[0094] - and the resulting isocyanate - group - terminated polyurethane reacts with a (meth)acrylate having a hydroxyl group to form the elastomer C of formula (I), the (meth)acrylate being especially a hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate, preferably hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) or hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA).

[0095] A particularly preferred embodiment of component K1 comprises tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate (THFMA) as monomer A, dodecyltetradecyl methacrylate (LATEMA) and / or stearyl methacrylate (STEMA) as monomer B and particularly no other monomers, and a polyurethane (meth)acrylate as elastomer C.

[0096] Another particularly preferred embodiment of component K1 comprises glyceryl formal methacrylate (GLYFOMA) as monomer A, dodecyltetradecyl methacrylate (LATEMA) and / or stearyl methacrylate (STEMA) as monomer B and particularly no other monomers, and a polyurethane (meth)acrylate as elastomer C.

[0097] Another particularly preferred embodiment of component K1 comprises 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as monomer A, dodecyltetradecyl methacrylate (LATEMA) and / or stearyl methacrylate (STEMA) as monomer B and particularly no other monomers, and a polyurethane (meth)acrylate as elastomer C.

[0098] Another particularly preferred embodiment of component K1 comprises benzyl methacrylate (BNMA) as monomer A, dodecyltetradecyl methacrylate (LATEMA) and / or stearyl methacrylate (STEMA) as monomer B and particularly no other monomers, and a polyurethane (meth)acrylate as elastomer C.

[0099] The adhesive preferably additionally comprises, in component K1, a tackifier, in particular a silane, and / or a metal (meth)acrylate or a (meth)acrylate of the formula (II) in an amount between 0.5% and 5% by weight, based on component K1.

[0100]

[0101] Herein the group R' represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, n represents a value from 1 to 15, in particular from 1 to 5, preferably from 1 to 3. m represents a value from 1 to 3, and p represents the value 3 - m.

[0102] Preferred metal (meth)acrylates are metal (meth)acrylates of calcium, magnesium or zinc having hydroxyl and / or (meth)acrylic acid or (meth)acrylate as ligand or anion. Particularly preferred metal (meth)acrylates are zinc (meth)acrylate, calcium (meth)acrylate, zinc (OH)(meth)acrylate and magnesium (meth)acrylate.

[0103] Preferred (meth)acrylates of formula (II) are 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphate, bis(2-methacryloyloxyethyl) phosphate, and tris(2-methacryloyloxyethyl) phosphate and mixtures thereof.

[0104] Preferred silanes are epoxy-functional silanes, especially 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0105] The tackifier is used to improve adhesion on special substrates. For metal surfaces (aluminum, anodized aluminum, etc.), it is particularly advantageous to use the phosphorus-containing (meth)acrylate of formula (II).

[0106] Silanes improve adhesion on glass and ceramic surfaces. Metal (meth)acrylate salts are also advantageous for bonding, for example, on metal surfaces.

[0107] Mixtures of different tackifiers can of course also be used.

[0108] The proportion of the optionally present tackifier in component K1 is preferably between 1 wt% and 3 wt% based on component K1.

[0109] Furthermore, the binder in component K1 can preferably also contain at least one core-shell polymer. The core-shell polymer consists of an elastic core polymer (core) and a rigid shell polymer (shell). Particularly suitable core-shell polymers consist of a rigid shell of a rigid thermoplastic polymer grafted onto a core of a crosslinked elastic acrylate polymer or a butadiene polymer.

[0110] Particularly suitable core-shell polymers are those that swell but do not dissolve in monomer A and / or comonomer B.

[0111] Preferred core-shell polymers are so-called MBS polymers, which are commercially available, for example, under the trade name from Arkema Inc. in the United States, or under the trade name from Rohm and Haas in the United States. The core-shell polymer is preferably used in an amount of 0.01 wt% to 30 wt%, especially 5 wt% to 20 wt%, based on component K1.

[0112] In addition, the two-component binder in component K1 may preferably further comprise at least one activator for free-radical curing, also known as a catalyst. The activator is in particular a tertiary amine, a transition metal salt or a transition metal complex. Examples of such suitable tertiary amines are N,N-dimethylaniline, N,N-diethylaniline, N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine, N,N-diethyl-p-toluidine, N-methyl-N-hydroxyethyl-p-toluidine, N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-p-toluidine and alkoxylated N,N-bis(hydroxyethyl)-p-toluidine, N-ethoxylated p-toluidine, N-alkylmorpholine and mixtures thereof. Transition metal salts and transition metal complexes are for example salts and complexes of cobalt, nickel, copper, manganese or vanadium. Mixtures of these substances may also be used as activators. Most preferably used as activator is N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-p-toluidine.

[0113] The activator is preferably used in an amount of 0.01% to 2.5% by weight, in particular 0.5% to 2.5% by weight, based on component K1.

[0114] The two-component binder in component K1 preferably further comprises an inhibitor for free-radical curing. This is a substance that slightly slows down or moderates the free-radical mechanism of curing or inhibits unwanted curing reactions (such as those induced by ultraviolet light or atmospheric oxygen), thereby achieving improved storage stability and / or more controllable and more uniform curing.

[0115] Preferably, component K1 comprises at least one inhibitor for free-radical curing between 0.001% and 0.5% by weight, based on component K1, in particular an alkylated phenol, preferably 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol.

[0116] Component K1 may preferably further comprise at least one filler. Particularly suitable fillers here are natural, ground or precipitated calcium carbonate (chalk) (which is optionally coated with a fatty acid, in particular a stearate), montmorillonite, bentonite, barium sulphate (BaSO4, also known as barite or blanc fixe), calcined kaolin, quartz powder, alumina, aluminium hydroxide, silica (in particular pyrogenic silica), modified castor oil derivatives and polymer powders or polymer fibres. Preferred is calcium carbonate, most preferred is coated calcium carbonate.

[0117] The filler is generally used in an amount of 0.01% to 35% by weight, in particular 5% to 30% by weight, preferably 15% to 25% by weight, based on component K1.

[0118] The second component K2 of the two-component (meth)acrylate binder comprises at least one initiator for free-radical curing. The initiator is a free-radical former that forms reactive free radicals which initiate the free-radical curing mechanism of the monomers in component K1.

[0119] Particularly suitable as such a radical former are molecules which form radicals under the action of heat or electromagnetic radiation, which radicals then cause the polymerization of the composition.

[0120] Particularly suitable as radical formers are thermally activatable radical formers and photoinitiators.

[0121] Particularly preferred as thermally activatable radical formers are those which are still sufficiently stable at room temperature but form radicals at slightly elevated temperatures. Such radical formers are in particular peroxides, peresters or hydroperoxides. Organic peroxides are preferred. Most preferred is benzoyl peroxide.

[0122] Photoinitiators denote radical formers which form radicals under the action of electromagnetic radiation. Particularly suitable are photoinitiators which form radicals when irradiated with electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength of 230 nm to 400 nm and which are liquid at room temperature.

[0123] Particularly preferred are photoinitiators selected from the following: α-hydroxyketones, phenylglyoxylates, monoacylphosphines, diacylphosphines, phosphine oxides and mixtures thereof, in particular 1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl-ketone, benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propanone, methyl-phenyl-glyoxylate, 2-[2-oxo-2-phenyl-acetoxy-ethoxy]ethyl phenylglyoxylate, 2-[2-hydroxy-ethoxy]ethyl phenylglyoxylate, diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide, bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phenylphosphine oxide and mixtures thereof. Such photoinitiators are commercially available, for example, from the product range of Ciba Specialty Chemicals of Switzerland and and can be obtained commercially. Mixtures of photoinitiators can also be used.

[0124] Component K2 of the two-component adhesive preferably comprises at least one radical-curing initiator in an amount between 5% by weight and 75% by weight, based on component K2, where the initiator is in particular a thermally activatable radical former, preferably a peroxide, hydroperoxide or perester, most preferably benzoyl peroxide,

[0125] or where the initiator is a photoinitiator, in particular a photoinitiator which forms radicals when irradiated with electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength of 230 nm to 400 nm.

[0126] Most preferred as the initiator in component K2 is benzoyl peroxide. It is preferably used dispersed in a plasticizer.

[0127] Component K2 of the two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive preferably additionally contains at least one additive selected from plasticizers, fillers, thixotropic additives, and dyes, in particular all of these additives.

[0128] Suitable as plasticizers are all non-reactive substances that are liquid at room temperature and are typically used for this function in (meth)acrylate compositions. Suitable as fillers are, for example, the same fillers as described for component K1.

[0129] Suitable as dyes are non-reactive organic dyes and pigments.

[0130] Suitable as thixotropic additives are all those additives that are commonly used in (meth)acrylate compositions.

[0131] One or both components of the described adhesive may optionally contain other ingredients. These additional ingredients are impact modifiers, dyes, pigments, inhibitors, UV stabilizers and heat stabilizers, metal oxides, antistatic agents, flame retardants, biocides, plasticizers, waxes, leveling agents, tackifiers, thixotropic agents, spacers, and other raw materials and additives known to those skilled in the art.

[0132] The first binder is a two-component (meth)acrylate composition, in which its two components K1 and K2 are stored separately from each other until application. The first component K1 particularly contains those components in the composition that have free-radically polymerizable groups. The second component K2 particularly contains a free-radical former, also known as an initiator. The two-component composition may also store other components separately, in particular those components that impair the storage stability of the composition due to reacting with each other.

[0133] The two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive typically has component K1 and component K2. Component K1 has components such as monomers, elastomers, core-shell polymers, catalysts, tackifiers, pigments, and fillers. Component K2 has components such as free-radical initiators, pigments, and fillers. The mixing ratio of K1 to K2 is particularly in the range of 1:1 to 10:1.

[0134] The just-described two-component (meth)acrylate binder used as the first binder has high strength and stiffness as well as sufficiently high elasticity within a very wide temperature range (covering the range of use of insulating glass panes). It has high elasticity at room temperature while having sufficiently high strength and stiffness to stabilize the composite element without additional reinforcement against, for example, stress and wind loads. In addition, even at very low temperatures (such as down to -20 °C), it still has sufficient elasticity and in this respect can outperform conventional (meth)acrylate binders. In addition, the two-component (meth)acrylate binder does not require monomers with high volatility and strong unpleasant odors (such as methyl methacrylate (MMA)) for formulation. The elongation at break of the two-component (meth)acrylate binder used according to the invention, measured according to DIN EN 53504, is at least 100%, preferably at least 150%, particularly at least 200% or higher at room temperature (23 °C). At the same time, the elongation at break of the two-component (meth)acrylate binder used according to the invention at a temperature of -20 °C is at least 20%, preferably at least 25%, particularly at least 30% or higher, which is a significant improvement compared to typical two-component (meth)acrylate binders of the prior art.

[0135] The second binder is or preferably at least partially comprises polyisobutene (PIB).

[0136] In some embodiments, the second binder can also be partially or wholly composed of the same material as the first binder, i.e., composed of the just-described two-component (meth)acrylate binder. It can be the same as the binder of the first binder or a different embodiment of the two-component (meth)acrylate binder of the first binder.

[0137] The advantages of the composite element according to the invention having a two-component (meth)acrylate binder configured according to the invention as the first binder lie particularly in that a structure that is particularly shear-resistant can be achieved. By using such a binder as the first binder, significantly higher rigidity of the composite element can be achieved compared to conventional binders (such as silicone), while using less material. In addition, the binder also has improved low-temperature stability compared to (meth)acrylate binders of the prior art.

[0138] Generally speaking, the greater the rigidity of the binder, the stronger the shear resistance of the composite, but the greater the stress in the glass and the binder. High stress can lead to glass fracture and binder fracture. Stress can be caused by: the difference in thermal expansion between the glass and the spacer, the self-weight of the glass, live loads such as wind pressure, suction, and operating forces.

[0139] Therefore, it is particularly important to select the stiffness of the adhesive such that the stresses transferred to the glass and the adhesive in the case of optimal bonding are still acceptable. The two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive composed and used according to the invention has particularly advantageous properties in this regard, since it has the necessary stiffness even at very low temperatures and has sufficient elasticity to absorb and transfer stresses. At the same time, it has the other mechanical properties required for use as the first binder within the scope of the invention. Therefore, important technical values are, for example, the shear modulus of the adhesive (the shear modulus is also temperature-dependent), as well as the tensile strength and the adhesion. In addition, the coefficient of thermal expansion between the glass and the spacer, the temperature difference between plate production and plate use, the wind load related to the glass area, the self-weight related to the glass thickness and the glass area, and the stresses caused by installation and use must also be considered. Through this structural glass bonding, particularly economical glass can be achieved, for example, and the risk of glass breakage can be reduced.

[0140] Furthermore, it can also be envisaged that the first and / or second bonding surface is at least partially formed as a recess, in particular a recess configured such that the recess is offset relative to the third and / or fourth bonding surface, in particular offset based on the bearing surface of the first or second plate element.

[0141] The recess can be, for example, a joint or a stepped recess. The smaller the joint height, the stronger the shear resistance of the composite. However, as the joint height decreases, the stresses in the adhesive and the glass increase. Therefore, the calculation is non-linear. The corner regions can be particularly critical, since the highest stresses can occur there. At the same time, the joint width has a relatively minor effect on the shear-resistant composite. The stresses in the adhesive and the glass can be controlled by the dimensions of the joint width. Here, the larger the area (determined by the joint width and the perimeter), the lower the stresses in the adhesive joint and between the adhesive and the glass.

[0142] For example, when the composite element is used as an insulating glass pane and one or more bends may occur due to the wind load, a higher stiffness of the composite element is particularly advantageous. This can occur, for example, in the dividing area of a casement window or in the non-supporting area of a facade. Here, it may be necessary, for example, to provide static support (hinterbauen) for the central area, which is currently achieved in the prior art by a larger frame cross-section or additional reinforcements in the frame profile. The evaluation criterion for the bend must satisfy the condition of <I / 200, where I is the length of the glass edge. Using the shear-resistant composite glass having the structure of the composite element according to the invention or the shear-resistant composite glass according to an advantageous embodiment, the currently necessary additional reinforcements can be completely or partially omitted, and / or the frame cross-section can be reduced, or it can be made larger with the same frame cross-section and reinforcements. In some cases, this can save a large amount of material and at the same time be visually appealing.

[0143] It should be noted that the greater the space between the plates, the greater the stiffness of the glass. The calculation here is non-linear, and the distance participates in the calculation in the form of a cube.

[0144] In addition, it can be arranged that the profile element has a base body with a box-shaped cross-section. The base body can be formed, for example, in such a way that its cross-section is box-shaped, that is, the base body has a cross-section that is basically rectangular or square. It is also conceivable that the interior of the base body is at least partially hollow or has and / or forms cavities, where the cavities are, for example, at least partially permeable and / or perforated, and where the cavities are also, for example, at least partially filled with a moisture-absorbing material. In addition, the cavities can be coated with a metal foil at least on the side opposite the glass space or the metal foil is integrated into the base body, which increases the sealing against the diffusion of water and gas, thereby extending the applicability of the multilayer insulating glass (MIG).

[0145] It is also possible that a first web and / or a second web are formed on the base body, where at least one side wall of the first web at least partially forms a first bonding surface, and / or where at least one side wall of the second web at least partially forms a first bonding surface.

[0146] It can also be arranged that the first plate element and the second plate element are at least partially composed of glass, and the profile element is at least partially composed of a glass fiber-reinforced material, in particular at least partially composed of a glass fiber composite material, preferably at least partially composed of a glass fiber-reinforced plastic. The advantage brought about by this is that not only the plate elements but also the profile elements have substantially the same coefficient of thermal expansion. This in turn brings the advantage of being able to minimize the stress caused by heat.

[0147] The present invention also relates to an insulating glass plate having the features described in claim 10. According to the claim, the insulating glass plate is provided with at least one composite element according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

[0148] The present invention also relates to a profile element having the features described in claim 11. According to the claim, the profile element is formed with or has the profile element features according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

[0149] The present invention also relates to a window having the features described in claim 12. According to the claim, the window is provided with at least one composite element according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and / or at least one insulating glass plate according to claim 10 and / or at least one profile element according to claim 11.

[0150] The invention also relates to a door having the features according to claim 13. According to said claim, the door is provided with at least one composite element according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and / or at least one insulating glass pane according to claim 10 and / or at least one profile element according to claim 11.

[0151] The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a composite element having the features according to claim 14. According to said claim, for manufacturing a composite element, in particular for an insulating glass pane, at least one first plate element and at least one second plate element and at least one first profile element are joined by bonding, wherein the profile element has at least one first bonding surface and / or at least one second bonding surface, wherein the first and / or second bonding surface is arranged and configured for applying and / or receiving a first bonding agent, wherein adjacent to the first bonding surface is a third bonding surface for applying and / or receiving a second bonding agent, and / or adjacent to the second bonding surface is a fourth bonding surface for applying and / or receiving a second bonding agent, wherein the first plate element and the second plate element are joined by means of the profile element and the first bonding agent and optionally the second bonding agent, and wherein the composite element has the features according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

[0152] The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing an insulating glass pane having the features according to claim 15. According to said claim, for manufacturing an insulating glass pane, at least one composite element according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used or a composite element obtained by the method according to claim 14. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0153] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail hereinafter with reference to the drawings.

[0154] Wherein:

[0155] Figure 1 A schematic view showing a cross-section of a part of an insulating glass according to the present invention.

[0156] Figure 2 A schematic view showing a cross-section of another part of an insulating glass according to the present invention.

[0157] For a direct understanding of the present invention, only the basic elements are shown in the figures. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0158] Figure 1 and Figure 2 Two embodiments of an insulating glass pane 100 are shown, said insulating glass pane 100 having at least one composite element 10 formed by plate elements 20 and 22 and a profile element 30.

[0159] InFigure 1 and Figure 2 In the embodiments shown, the insulating glass pane 100 has a third plate element 24 and another profile element 30, which connects the third plate element 24 to the plate element 22. In these embodiments, the two profile elements 30 have the same structure within each respective embodiment, but differ between the two embodiments. In addition to the box-shaped base body 36, Figure 1 the embodiment in Figure 2 also has a first web 38 and a second web 39, which are described further below. Figure 1 The embodiment in

[0160] In all embodiments, it is conceivable that the space between the plate elements 20, 22, 24 is filled with a gas. For example, this gas can be argon.

[0161] The second and third plate elements 22, 24 together with another profile element present therebetween form another composite element 10' that is substantially identical to the first composite element 10, which is now described in detail below:

[0162] The composite element comprises a first plate element 20, a second plate element 22 and a first profile element 30 or spacer 30. The profile element 30 has a first bonding surface 32 and a second bonding surface 33, wherein the first and second bonding surfaces 32, 33 are provided and configured for applying and receiving a first binder 40.

[0163] The first binder 40 is in all embodiments a two-component (meth)acrylate binder as defined in claim 1, for example composition E1 described further below. With Figure 1 and Figure 2 the embodiments shown and the inventive embodiments of the two-component binder described further below, calculations and experiments have shown that compared to conventional structures without a (meth)acrylate binder, a stiffness that is approximately 10 times higher can be achieved. At the same time, compared to prior art structures based on conventional (meth)acrylate binders, significantly higher low-temperature elasticity and stress crack resistance of the bonded body have been achieved.

[0164] The first and second bonding surfaces 32, 33 are formed as recesses that are configured to be offset relative to the third and / or fourth bonding surfaces 34, 35 based on the bearing surfaces of the first or second plate elements 20, 22.

[0165] The recess here is a seam or a stepped recess. The smaller the seam height x, the stronger the shear resistance of the composite. However, as the seam height x decreases, the stress in the adhesive and the glass increases. Therefore, the calculation is non-linear. The corner regions can be particularly critical as the highest stresses can occur there. At the same time, the seam width y has a relatively minor effect on the shear-resistant composite. The stress in the adhesive and the glass can be controlled by the dimensions of the seam width y. Here, the larger the area (obtained from the seam width and the perimeter), the lower the stress in the adhesive seam and between the adhesive 40 and the glass of the plate elements 20, 22.

[0166] Adjacent to the first bonding surface 32 is a third bonding surface 34 for applying and / or receiving a second binder 50, and adjacent to the second bonding surface 33 is a fourth bonding surface 35 for applying and / or receiving the second binder 50.

[0167] In the two embodiments shown, the first plate element 20 and the second plate element 22 are joined by means of a profile element 30 and a first adhesive 40 and a second adhesive 50 (here polyisobutylene (PIB)).

[0168] In Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the two embodiments of, the profile element 30 has a base body 36 with a box-shaped cross-section. Here, the interior of the base body 36 is at least partially hollow and has a cavity 37. The cavity 37 is at least partially permeable and / or perforated and filled with a moisture-absorbing material. Thereby, moisture can be absorbed.

[0169] In the embodiment according to Figure 1 of, a first web 38 and a second web 39 are formed on the base body 36, where one side wall of the first web 38 at least partially forms the first bonding surface 32, and where one side wall of the second web 39 at least partially forms the second bonding surface 33. However, there is also a possible embodiment in which the first web 38 and the second web 39 are mounted above the base body 36.

[0170] It is also possible that, in the embodiment with the first web 38 and the second web 39, the webs are at least partially configured to have a certain degree of mobility, and in this way stresses can be compensated, such as those that may occur when there is a high pressure difference between the gas and the air pressure in the space between the plate elements 20, 22, 24. Thereby, additional stability can be achieved. For example, the mobility can be achieved by making each web have a thinner wall thickness at at least one location, thus allowing controlled, reversible bendability. It is also possible that each web is partially made of a softer, more elastic material in order to achieve bendability in that material area.

[0171] In Figure 1 andFigure 2 In the two embodiments shown, the first plate element 20 and the second plate element 22 (and the third plate element 24) are each at least partially made of glass, and the profile element 30 is also made of glass fiber-reinforced plastic.

[0172] List of reference numerals

[0173] 10 Composite element

[0174] 10' Composite element

[0175] 20 First plate element

[0176] 22 Second plate element

[0177] 24 Third plate element

[0178] 30 Profile element

[0179] 32 First bonding surface

[0180] 33 Second bonding surface

[0181] 34 Third bonding surface

[0182] 35 Fourth bonding surface

[0183] 36 Substrate

[0184] 37 Cavity

[0185] 38 First web

[0186] 39 Second web

[0187] 40 First binder

[0188] 50 Second binder

[0189] 100 Insulating glass plate

[0190] x Joint height

[0191] y Joint width

[0192] Embodiment of the first binder

[0193] The following describes an embodiment of a two-component (meth)acrylate binder for the first binder, in which its preparation is disclosed and its basic properties are shown.

[0194] Monomers used

[0195]

[0196]

[0197] Table 1: Monomers Used

[0198] 1 Monomer A according to the present invention. 2 Monomer B according to the present invention.

[0199] Preparation of Elastomer C

[0200] Elastomer C1 was prepared as follows:

[0201] 849 g of poly(propylene oxide) diol ( 4200 N, Bayer Materialscience; OH-value 28.5 KOH / g) and 101 g of 1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethylcyclohexane (= isophorone diisocyanate or IPDI; I, Bayer MaterialScience) were reacted at 60 °C to obtain an isocyanate group-terminated polyurethane polymer with a free isocyanate group content of 1.88 wt% as determined by titration. Subsequently, 10 g of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) was added, which reacted with the free isocyanate groups to form elastomer C1 of formula (I).

[0202] Preparation of the Composition

[0203] The following compositions were prepared:

[0204] As each component K1 to be tested, the components shown in Tables 2 and 3 were mixed and stirred with each other in a dissolver at a temperature of at most 80 °C in a given amount until a macroscopically homogeneous paste was obtained.

[0205] As component K2, benzoyl peroxide (20%) in 46.5 wt% plasticizer, 50 wt% chalk, 3 wt% thixotropic agent, and 0.5 wt% pigment were mixed with each other in a dissolver. The component K2 was used together with each component K1 of Tables 2 and 3 in all experiments.

[0206] The prepared components K1 and K2 were filled into the separate chambers of a coaxial cartridge and used at a K1:K2 volume ratio of 10:1 during use.

[0207] In addition, another commercially available two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive -5211 (Sika, Switzerland) was tested in the same manner as a control.

[0208] Description of the Test Method

[0209] On a 2 mm thick film cured for 7 days under standard climate (23 ± 1 °C, 50 ± 5% relative air humidity), the tensile strength ("TS") and elongation at break ("Elong.") are determined in accordance with DIN EN 53504 (tensile speed: 200 mm / min). The measurement is carried out on the one hand on specimens stored at room temperature of 23 °C ("RT"), and on the other hand on specimens of the same composition stored at -20 °C for 24 hours after curing and taken directly from the cold storage room ("-20").

[0210] The elongation at break is a direct measure of the elasticity of the sample being measured. Samples having at least 100% elongation at break in the "RT" measurement and at least 20% elongation at break in the "-20" measurement are considered suitable as the first binder of the present invention. The results of the elongation at break measurements are summarized in

[0211] Table 4.

[0212] Example R1 E1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 E2 GLYFOMA 50 35 35 35 35 - - - LATEMA - 15 - - - 15 - 15 MMA - - - - - 35 - - BNMA - - - - - - 50 35 M131 - - 15 - - - - - M193 - - - 15 - - - - M1053 - - - - 15 - - - <![CDATA[Inhibitor 1 > 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Elastomer C1 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 <![CDATA[Core-shell 2 > 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 <![CDATA[Filler 3 > 18.97 18.97 18.97 18.97 18.97 18.97 18.97 18.97 <![CDATA[Activator 4 > 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98

[0213] Table 2: Components K1 (E1 to E2) according to the present invention and reference components K1 (R1 to R6). All values are in weight percentages based on the respective component K1. 1 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-p-cresol; 2 Kane Ace TM B382 (Kaneka); 3 U1S2 (Solvay); 4 N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-p-toluidine.

[0214] Example R7 E3 R8 R9 R10 E4 R11 E5 GLYFOMA - - - - - - 35 35 LATEMA - 15 - 15 - 15 - - THFMA 50 35 - - - - - - IBOMA - - 50 35 - - - - HEMA - - - - 50 35 - - STEMA - - - - - - - 15 LAMA - - - - - - 15 - <![CDATA[Inhibitor 1 > 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Elastomer C1 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 <![CDATA[Core-shell 2 > 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 <![CDATA[Filler 3 > 18.97 18.97 18.97 18.97 18.97 18.97 18.97 18.97 <![CDATA[Activator 4 > 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98

[0215] Table 3: Components K1 (E3 to E5) according to the present invention and reference components K1 (R7 to R11). All values are in weight percentages based on the respective component K1. 1 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-p-cresol; 2 Kane Ace TM B382 (Kaneka); 3 U1S2 (Solvay); 4 N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-p-toluidine.

[0216]

[0217]

[0218] Table 4: Measurement of the elongation at break of all prepared compositions at room temperature (RT, 23 °C) and -20 °C (-20). "n / m" means that the sample was too brittle to be measured.

[0219] (Meth)acrylate adhesives of the prior art (in particular WO 2014 / 184256 A1) -5211 was tested in the same way and the following results were obtained:

[0220] Elong.(RT) [%] 250 Elong.(-20) [%] 13 TS(RT) [MPa] 12 TS(-20) [MPa] 29

[0221] The results in Table 4 show that only two-component (meth)acrylate adhesives that meet the conditions regarding monomers A and B defined in the claims can exhibit sufficient elasticity at room temperature and also sufficient low-temperature elasticity to be suitable as the first binder of the present invention. Here, the two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive according to the present invention shows better elastic properties even at low temperatures than the (meth)acrylate adhesives of the prior art -5211.

Claims

1. Composite element (10), in particular for an insulating glass pane, comprising at least one first plate element (20) and at least one second plate element (22) and at least one first profile element (30), wherein the profile element (30) has at least one first bonding surface (32) and / or at least one second bonding surface (33), wherein the first and / or second bonding surfaces (32, 33) are arranged and configured for applying and / or receiving a first binder (40), wherein adjacent to the first bonding surface (32) is a third bonding surface (34) for applying and / or receiving a second binder (50), and / or adjacent to the second bonding surface (33) is a fourth bonding surface (35) for applying and / or receiving the second binder (50) and wherein the first plate element (20) and the second plate element (22) are joined by means of the profile element (30) and the first binder (40) and / or the second binder (50), wherein the first binder (40) is a two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive, characterized in that the two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive comprises: Component K1, said Component K1 comprising a) at least one monomer A of formula (IIIa), wherein R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a methyl group; R 2 represents a straight-chain or branched-chain hydroxyalkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, or a group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms and containing a phenyl group or an aliphatic 5- or 6-membered ring containing at least one ether oxygen in the ring structure; b) at least one monomer B of formula (IIIb), wherein R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a methyl group; R 4 represents a straight-chain alkyl group having more than 12 carbon atoms and preferably at most 20 carbon atoms in the chain; c) at least one elastomer C of formula (I), preferably between 10% and 20% by weight, based on Component K1, wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; X represents the moiety of the polymer polyol after removal of two OH-groups; and Y represents O or NR”, where R” represents a hydrocarbon group or a hydrogen atom, preferably a hydrogen atom; and d) preferably at least one additive selected from core-shell polymers, activators for free-radical curing, inhibitors for free-radical curing, fillers and tackifiers; provided that Component K1 comprises a mixture of monomer A and monomer B between 25% and 75% by weight, preferably between 40% and 60% by weight, based on Component K1, and provided that the mass ratio of monomer A to monomer B in Component K1 is between 1:1 and 9:1, preferably between 6:4 and 8:2; and Component K2, said Component K2 comprising at least one initiator for free-radical curing.

2. The composite element (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that, R 2 represents a hydroxyethyl group, a benzyl group, or at least one group among (IVa) to (IVc) in formula (IV), wherein the dashed line in formula (IV) represents the bond between the oxygen atom and R 2 and.

3. The composite element (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The elastomer C is in particular a polyurethane (meth)acrylate prepared by reacting at least one diol D and at least one diisocyanate and a (meth)acrylate having a hydroxyl group, said diol D being in particular polyoxypropylene diol, wherein - the diol D reacts with a stoichiometric excess of diisocyanate, in particular isophorone diisocyanate; - and the resulting isocyanate-group-terminated polyurethane reacts with a (meth)acrylate having a hydroxyl group to form an elastomer C of formula (I), said (meth)acrylate being in particular a (meth)acrylate hydroxyalkyl ester, preferably hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) or hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA).

4. The composite element (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The second binder (50) is at least partially polyisobutene (PIB) and / or comprises polyisobutene.

5. The composite element (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The first and / or second joint surfaces (32, 33) are at least partially formed as recesses, in particular as recesses configured such that the recesses are offset relative to the third and / or fourth joint surfaces (34, 35), in particular offset based on the bearing surfaces of the first or second plate elements (20, 22).

6. The composite element (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The profile element (30) has a base body (36) with a box-shaped cross-section.

7. The composite element (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The interior of the base body (36) is at least partially hollow or has and / or forms a cavity (37), where the cavity (37) is for example at least partially permeable and / or perforated, and where the cavity (37) is also for example at least partially filled with a moisture-absorbing material.

8. The composite element (10) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, A first web (38) and / or a second web (39) are formed on the base body (36), where at least one side wall of the first web (38) at least partially forms the first joint surface (32), and / or where at least one side wall of the second web (39) at least partially forms the second joint surface (33).

9. The composite element (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The first plate element (20) and the second plate element (22) are at least partially composed of glass, and the profile element (30) is at least partially composed of a glass fiber-reinforced material, in particular at least partially composed of a glass fiber composite material, preferably at least partially composed of a glass fiber-reinforced plastic.

10. An insulating glass pane (100) having at least one composite element (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. A window having at least one composite element (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and / or having at least one insulating glass pane according to claim 10.

12. A door having at least one composite element (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and / or having at least one insulating glass pane according to claim 10.

13. A method for manufacturing a composite element (10), in particular a composite element (10) for an insulating glass pane, wherein at least one first plate element (20) and at least one second plate element (22) and at least one first profile element (30) are joined by bonding, where the profile element (30) has at least one first joint surface (32) and / or at least one second joint surface (33), where the first and / or second joint surfaces (32, 33) are provided and configured for applying and / or receiving a first binder (40), where adjacent to the first joint surface (32) is a third joint surface (34) for applying and / or receiving a second binder (50), and / or adjacent to the second joint surface (33) is a fourth joint surface (35) for applying and / or receiving the second binder (50), and where the first plate element (20) and the second plate element (22) are joined by means of the profile element (30) and the first binder (40) and optionally the second binder (50), and where the composite element (10) has the features according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

14. A method for manufacturing an insulating glass pane (100), wherein at least one composite element according to any one of claims 1 to 9 or a composite element (10) obtained by the method according to claim 13 is used.

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