Durian seed staged long-term storage method based on composite preservative and modified atmosphere technology and application of durian seed staged long-term storage method

Abstract

The invention provides a durian seed staged long-term storage method based on a composite preservative and a modified atmosphere technology and application, and belongs to the field of plant seed storage technologies and breeding. The method combines innovative technologies of composite preservative treatment, modified atmosphere packaging, staged temperature and humidity regulation, activation and storage and the like, and specifically comprises the steps of cleaning, disinfection and sterilization, seed selection, film coating, sealing, modified atmosphere packaging, staged regulation, storage and the like. After the durian seeds are stored for 6 months through the method, germination tests are carried out, and results show that the germination rates of the durian seeds of different varieties all reach 93% or above, and the seedlings grow well. The method is suitable for various durian seeds, an efficient and reliable solution is provided for long-term preservation and breeding of the durian seeds, and the method has remarkable practical value and wide application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical fields of plant seed storage and breeding, and relates to a method for staged storage of durian seeds based on a composite preservative and controlled atmosphere technology. Background Art

[0002] Durian, known as the "king of fruits", is deeply loved by consumers for its unique aroma and rich nutritional value. It is rich in protein, fat, carbohydrates, and various vitamins and minerals. In particular, the contents of vitamin C and B vitamins are extremely high, which helps to enhance immunity, promote skin health, and maintain the normal operation of the nervous system. In addition, the potassium content in durian is rich, which helps to maintain heart health and blood pressure stability.

[0003] However, as the core carrier of durian reproduction, the storage technology of durian seeds faces many challenges.

[0004] Firstly, the physiological characteristics of durian seeds are complex, with a high respiratory intensity, and it is easy to cause the loss of internal nutrients due to metabolic activities. Secondly, the surface of durian seeds often carries pathogenic bacteria (such as Phytophthora), and the treatment effect of traditional fungicides is limited. In addition, durian seeds are extremely sensitive to low temperatures, and low-temperature storage is likely to cause a decline in seed viability. Finally, the loss of water in seeds is likely to cause mechanical damage, resulting in water loss and fission of seeds, and mildew and rot. At present, the existing technologies mostly focus on the preservation of durian fruits (such as the preservation method in patent CN213083956U), but the targeted research on seed storage is significantly insufficient. Most seeds are only randomly placed in the natural environment, and are easily mildewed due to environmental humidity, microbial contamination, etc., and then lose their viability, unable to achieve long-term storage and regular seedling raising. In addition, some methods directly use the fruit preservation technology, which has problems such as toxic residues of fungicides and short storage periods.

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an innovative method for storing durian seeds, which has significant practical value. First, the present invention can significantly extend the storage period of seeds. By innovatively using a composite preservative and a phased regulation technology, the storage period can reach 6 months (the storage period of the traditional method usually does not exceed 2 months). After 6 months of storage, the seeds are taken out for germination tests. The results show that the germination rates of durian seeds of different varieties reach over 93%, and the growth potential of the seeds is good, proving that the storage method of the present invention has significant practical value. Second, the present invention can effectively inhibit pathogenic bacteria. The composite preservative can reduce the mildew rate of durian seeds of different varieties to 3% - 5% or less (the mildew rate of the traditional method is usually not less than 80%). Third, the formulated reagent used in the present invention is environmentally friendly and safe. Chitosan and curcumin are both natural ingredients, without the risk of chemical residues, replacing traditional chemical preservatives, which conforms to the development trend of green agriculture. Fourth, the operation of the present invention is simple and the cost is low, which can be adapted to commercial applications and can be seamlessly docked with the existing cold chain logistics system. Fifth, the storage method of the present invention can ensure the unified production of durian seedlings, realize the supply of seedlings at any time, and has broad application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide an innovative long-term storage method for durian seeds. To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A composite preservative for storing durian seeds, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 10 - 15 parts of Agri-fos400, 5 - 8 parts of curcumin powder, 3 - 5 parts of chitosan powder, 0.5 - 1 part of low-concentration ethephon;

[0008] The preparation method of the composite preservative is: dissolving 10 - 15 parts of Agri-fos400, 5 - 8 parts of curcumin powder, 3 - 5 parts of chitosan powder, and 0.5 - 1 part of low-concentration ethephon in deionized water, and adjusting the pH to 6.0 - 6.5 to form a homogeneous solution.

[0009] Preferably, the proportion of each component is: 12 parts of Agri-fos400, 6 parts of curcumin powder, 4 parts of chitosan powder, and 0.8 part of ethephon powder.

[0010] A modified atmosphere packaging for storing durian seeds, with a nano-microporous membrane with a controllable air permeability on the inner layer and an aluminum foil composite membrane for light and moisture protection on the outer layer, filled with inert gas, and the oxygen content in the packaging is controlled at 3% - 5% and the carbon dioxide content is controlled at 5% - 8%.

[0011] Preferably, the oxygen content in the modified atmosphere packaging is 4% and the carbon dioxide content is 6%.

[0012] A method for long-term staged storage of durian seeds based on a composite preservative and controlled atmosphere technology, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1 Seed screening: Select durians with consistent maturity, light yellow pulp color, and no wet core. Remove the pulp and select seeds with a diameter greater than 3 cm and no mechanical damage.

[0014] S2 Surface treatment: Clean with 40 kHz ultrasonic waves for 10 minutes to remove residual pulp on the seed surface.

[0015] S3 Disinfection and sterilization: Immerse the seeds in the above-mentioned composite preservative for 3 - 5 seconds, and air dry naturally after soaking.

[0016] S4 Sealing treatment: Apply seed preservation powder to the seeds to reduce water loss. The seed preservation powder contains the following components by weight: 1 part of Agri-fos400 and 10 parts of turmeric powder, where the concentration of Agri-fos400 is 2 - 3 g / L.

[0017] S5 Staged storage:

[0018] The first stage: Place the seeds in an environment with a temperature of 25 - 28 °C and a humidity of 85% - 90% for 48 - 72 hours to promote after-ripening of the seeds and activate the activity of endogenous enzymes.

[0019] The second stage: Carry out controlled atmosphere packaging on the seeds, and then store the packaged seeds in an environment with a temperature of 13 - 15 °C and a humidity of 70% - 75%. The inner layer of the controlled atmosphere packaging is a nano-microporous membrane with a controllable air permeability, and the outer layer is an aluminum foil composite film for light and moisture protection. Nitrogen is filled, oxygen is replaced with nitrogen, and the oxygen content in the controlled atmosphere packaging is controlled at 3% - 5%, and the carbon dioxide content is controlled at 5% - 8%.

[0020] Further, in the first stage of the S5 staged storage, the temperature is 28 °C, the humidity is 88%, and the duration is 60 hours; in the second stage, the temperature is 13 °C, the humidity is 72%, the oxygen content in the controlled atmosphere packaging is 4%, and the carbon dioxide content is 6%.

[0021] Application of the above method for long-term staged storage of durian seeds based on a composite preservative and controlled atmosphere technology in the long-term preservation of durian seeds and the construction of a durian germplasm resource bank.

[0022] Advantages of the present invention:

[0023] First, significantly improve the seed storage effect

[0024] 1. Extend the shelf life of seeds: The staged storage method of the composite preservative used in the present invention combined with the gas conditioning technology can significantly extend the shelf life of durian seeds. In the traditional durian seed storage method, the seeds often have problems such as a sharp decline in germination rate, mildew and rot in a short time (such as 1-2 weeks). The present invention can extend the effective shelf life of durian seeds to several months or even longer by a series of scientific and reasonable steps such as screening, surface treatment, disinfection, closed treatment and staged storage of seeds. For example, in actual experiments, the durian seeds stored according to the inventive method can still maintain a higher germination rate after 3 months, which provides more ample time and selection for the planting and breeding of durian.

[0025] 2. Reduce the seed mildew rate: Agri-fos400, curcumin powder, chitosan powder and low concentration of ethephon in the composite preservative work synergistically and have a strong inhibitory effect on a variety of pathogens. Agri-fos400 can effectively inhibit fungi such as Phytophthora, curcumin powder has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, and chitosan powder can form a protective film on the surface of seeds to prevent the invasion of pathogens. In modified atmosphere packaging, by controlling the content of oxygen and carbon dioxide, an environment that is not conducive to the growth and reproduction of pathogens is created. After comparative tests, the mildew rate of durian seeds stored by the method of the present invention was reduced by more than 80% compared with the traditional method, which greatly improved the storage quality of seeds.

[0026] 2. Effectively maintain seed quality

[0027] 1. Maintain a high germination rate: The phased storage method fully considers the physiological characteristics of durian seeds. In the pretreatment process of the first stage, the seeds are placed in a specific temperature and humidity environment to promote seed after-ripening and activate endogenous enzyme activity, preparing for subsequent storage and germination. In the second stage of stable storage, the atmosphere packaging and suitable temperature and humidity conditions can effectively maintain the vitality of the seeds. After multiple experimental verifications, the germination rate of durian seeds stored according to the method of the present invention can still be maintained at more than 85% after 3 months of storage, while the germination rate of traditional storage methods is usually less than 60%. This provides high-quality seed resources for durian planting, which is conducive to improving the planting yield and quality of durian.

[0028] 2. Ensure the healthy growth of seedlings: The storage method of the present invention can not only maintain the germination rate of seeds, but also has a positive impact on the healthy growth of seedlings. The controlled atmosphere storage environment helps to maintain the physiological balance inside the seeds and reduce damage to the seeds during storage. Through actual planting observations, it was found that the seedlings cultivated by the seeds stored by the method of the present invention have a well-developed root system, thick stems, and green leaves. The growth potential is significantly better than that of seedlings cultivated by traditional storage methods, which lays a good foundation for the later growth and fruiting of durian ( Figure 2 ).

[0029] III. Good cost and environmental protection benefits

[0030] 1. Reducing storage costs: The composite preservatives and packaging materials used in the present invention have relatively low costs, and the preparation method is simple and easy to implement. Raw materials such as Agri-fos 400, curcumin powder, and chitosan powder have wide sources and moderate prices. The nano-microporous film and aluminum foil composite film used in the modified atmosphere packaging are reasonably priced and can be reused, reducing the packaging cost. The staged storage method does not require complex and expensive equipment and technologies, and ordinary cold storages or storage facilities can meet the requirements after appropriate transformation. Compared with some high-end seed storage technologies, the method of the present invention can significantly reduce the storage cost of durian seeds and improve economic benefits.

[0031] 2. Meeting environmental protection requirements: The composite preservatives adopted in the present invention have natural and non-toxic components and are friendly to the environment. Curcumin powder and chitosan powder are both natural extracts and will not cause pollution to the environment such as soil and water sources during use. The use of inert gas filling in the modified atmosphere packaging reduces the use of chemical preservatives and the potential harm to the environment. In addition, the staged storage method optimizes the storage conditions, reduces the loss and waste of seeds, improves the resource utilization rate, and conforms to the environmental protection concept of sustainable development.

[0032] IV. Expanding the application scope of durian seeds

[0033] 1. Promoting durian breeding work: The durian seed storage method of the present invention provides strong support for durian breeding work. Extending the preservation period of seeds and maintaining a high germination rate enable breeders to have more time and opportunities for variety selection and improvement. Seeds can be sown and screened at different times, increasing the possibility of obtaining excellent varieties. By studying seeds with different storage times, it is also possible to deeply understand the physiological characteristics and genetic variation laws of durian seeds, providing a basis for the development of durian breeding theory and technology.

[0034] 2. Promoting the development of the durian industry: A stable seed supply is the basis for the development of the durian industry. The method of the present invention can ensure the quality and vitality of durian seeds for a long time, providing a reliable seed source for durian growers. This helps to expand the planting area of durians, improve the yield and quality of durians, and meet the market demand for durians. At the same time, it also provides a guarantee for the development of related industries such as durian processing and sales, promoting the healthy and sustainable development of the entire durian industry.

[0035] In summary, the staged storage method and application of durian seeds based on composite preservatives and modified atmosphere technology of the present invention have significant beneficial effects and have important value and significance in aspects such as durian seed storage, quality maintenance, cost control, environmental protection, and industrial development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 For the comparison experiment results of the germination rate of durian seeds in Example 7.

[0037] Figure 2 For the comparison experiment results of the growth of durian plants after the seeds germinated in Example 7. Specific implementation manners

[0038] The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be described below so that those skilled in the art of the present technology can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art of the present technology, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations using the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection.

[0039] Example 1 Preparation of a composite preservative

[0040] Dissolve 10 parts of Agri-fos 400, 5 parts of curcumin powder, 3 parts of chitosan powder, and 0.5 part of low-concentration ethephon in deionized water, and adjust the pH to 6.0 - 6.5 to form a homogeneous solution.

[0041] Example 2 Preparation of a composite preservative

[0042] Dissolve 12 parts of Agri-fos 400, 6 parts of curcumin powder, 4 parts of chitosan powder, and 0.8 part of low-concentration ethephon in deionized water, and adjust the pH to 6.0 - 6.5 to form a homogeneous solution.

[0043] Example 3 Preparation of a composite preservative

[0044] Dissolve 15 parts of Agri-fos 400, 8 parts of curcumin powder, 5 parts of chitosan powder, and 1 part of low-concentration ethephon in deionized water, and adjust the pH to 6.0 - 6.5 to form a homogeneous solution.

[0045] Example 4 A method for storing durian seeds

[0046] Comparative example 1

[0047] S1 Seed screening: Select durians with consistent maturity, light yellow pulp color, and no wet core. Peel off the pulp and pick out seeds with a diameter greater than 3 cm and no mechanical damage;

[0048] S2 Surface treatment: Clean with 40 kHz ultrasonic waves for 10 minutes to remove the residual pulp on the seed surface;

[0049] S3 Disinfection and sterilization: Immerse the seeds in the composite preservative provided in Example 1 for 3 seconds, and air-dry naturally after soaking;

[0050] S4 Hermetic treatment: Apply seed preservation powder to the seeds to reduce water loss. The seed preservation powder contains the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of Agri-fos 400 and 10 parts of turmeric powder, where the concentration of Agri-fos 400 is 2 g / L;

[0051] S5 Staged storage:

[0052] First stage: Place the seeds in an environment with a temperature of 28 °C and a humidity of 88% for 72 hours to promote after-ripening of the seeds and activate the activity of endogenous enzymes;

[0053] Second stage: Carry out modified atmosphere packaging on the seeds, and then store the packaged seeds in an environment with a temperature of 13 °C and a humidity of 72%; the inner layer of the modified atmosphere packaging is a nano-microporous membrane with a controllable air permeability, and the outer layer is an aluminum foil composite film for light and moisture protection. Fill with nitrogen, replace oxygen with nitrogen, and control the oxygen content in the modified atmosphere packaging to 4% and the carbon dioxide content to 6%.

[0054] Comparative Example 2

[0055] Use the composite preservative provided in Example 2 for durian seed storage, and the remaining operating steps are the same as those in Comparative Example 1.

[0056] Comparative Example 3

[0057] Use the composite preservative provided in Example 3 for durian seed storage, and the remaining operating steps are the same as those in Comparative Example 1.

[0058] After 1, 3, and 6 months of storage, take out the seeds for mildew detection. The results are shown in Table 1, and it can be concluded that the composite preservative provided in Example 2 is the best ratio.

[0059] Table 1. Statistics of mildew rates of durian seed storage

[0060]

[0061] Example 5 A method for storing durian seeds

[0062] Comparative Example 1

[0063] S1 Seed screening: Select durians with consistent maturity, light yellow pulp color, and no wet core. Peel off the pulp and select seeds with a diameter greater than 3 cm and no mechanical damage;

[0064] S2 Surface treatment: Clean with 40 kHz ultrasonic waves for 10 minutes to remove the pulp residue on the seed surface;

[0065] S3 Disinfection and sterilization: Immerse the seeds in the composite preservative provided in Example 2 for 4 seconds, and air dry naturally after soaking;

[0066] S4 Closed treatment: Use seed fresh-keeping powder to coat the seeds to reduce water loss. The seed fresh-keeping powder contains the following components by weight: 1 part of Agri-fos 400 and 10 parts of turmeric powder, where the concentration of Agri-fos 400 is 2 g / L;

[0067] S5 Staged storage:

[0068] First stage: Place the seeds in an environment with a temperature of 25°C and a humidity of 85% for 48 hours to promote after-ripening of the seeds and activate the activity of endogenous enzymes;

[0069] Second stage: Carry out modified atmosphere packaging on the seeds, and then store the packaged seeds in an environment with a temperature of 13°C and a humidity of 72%; the inner layer of the modified atmosphere packaging is a nano-microporous membrane with a controllable air permeability, and the outer layer is an aluminum foil composite membrane for light and moisture protection. Fill with nitrogen, replace oxygen with nitrogen, and control the oxygen content in the modified atmosphere packaging at 4% and the carbon dioxide content at 6%.

[0070] Comparative example 2

[0071] In the first stage of S5 staged storage: Place the seeds in an environment with a temperature of 28°C and a humidity of 88% for 60 hours, and the remaining operation steps are the same as those in Comparative example 1.

[0072] Comparative example 3

[0073] In the first stage of S5 staged storage: Place the seeds in an environment with a temperature of 26°C and a humidity of 90% for 72 hours, and the remaining operation steps are the same as those in Comparative example 1.

[0074] After 1, 3, and 6 months of storage, take out the seeds for germination rate detection. The results are shown in Table 2, and it can be concluded that placing the seeds in an environment with a temperature of 28°C and a humidity of 88% for 60 hours is the best choice.

[0075] Table 2. Statistics of germination rate of durian seeds during storage

[0076]

[0077] Example 6 A method for storing durian seeds

[0078] Comparative example 1

[0079] S1 Seed screening: Select durians with consistent maturity, light yellow pulp color, and no wet cores. Peel off the pulp and select seeds with a diameter greater than 3 cm and no mechanical damage;

[0080] S2 Surface treatment: Clean with 40 kHz ultrasonic waves for 10 minutes to remove the remaining pulp on the seed surface;

[0081] S3 Disinfection and sterilization: Immerse the seeds in the composite preservative provided in Example 2 for 5 seconds, and air-dry naturally after soaking;

[0082] S4 Hermetic treatment: Apply seed preservation powder to the seeds to reduce water loss. The seed preservation powder contains the following components by weight: 1 part of Agri-fos 400 and 10 parts of turmeric powder, where the concentration of Agri-fos 400 is 2 g / L.

[0083] S5 Staged storage:

[0084] First stage: Place the seeds in an environment with a temperature of 28 °C and a humidity of 88% for 60 hours to promote after-ripening of the seeds and activate the activity of endogenous enzymes.

[0085] Second stage: Carry out modified atmosphere packaging on the seeds, and then store the packaged seeds in an environment with a temperature of 14 °C and a humidity of 70%. The inner layer of the modified atmosphere packaging is a nano-microporous membrane with a controllable gas permeability, and the outer layer is an aluminum foil composite film for light and moisture protection. It is filled with nitrogen, and nitrogen is used to displace oxygen to control the oxygen content in the modified atmosphere packaging at 4% and the carbon dioxide content at 6%.

[0086] Comparative example 2

[0087] In the second stage of S5 staged storage: Store the packaged seeds in an environment with a temperature of 13 °C and a humidity of 72%, and the remaining operation steps are the same as those in Comparative example 1.

[0088] Comparative example 3

[0089] In the second stage of S5 staged storage: Store the packaged seeds in an environment with a temperature of 15 °C and a humidity of 75%, and the remaining operation steps are the same as those in Comparative example 1.

[0090] After 1, 3, and 6 months of storage, take out the seeds for germination rate detection. The results are shown in Table 3. It can be concluded that storing the packaged seeds in an environment with a temperature of 13 °C and a humidity of 72% is the best choice.

[0091] Table 3. Statistics of germination rate of durian seeds during storage

[0092]

[0093] Storage method for Musang King durian seeds in Example 7

[0094] S1 Seed screening: Select durians with consistent maturity, light yellow pulp color, and no wet core. Peel off the pulp and select Musang King durian seeds with a diameter greater than 3 cm and no mechanical damage.

[0095] S2 Surface treatment: Clean with 40 kHz ultrasonic waves for 10 minutes to remove the residual pulp on the seed surface.

[0096] S3 Disinfection and sterilization: Immerse the seeds in the composite preservative provided in Example 2 for 5 seconds, and air-dry them naturally after soaking.

[0097] S4 Sealing treatment: Apply seed preservation powder to the seeds to reduce water loss. The seed preservation powder contains the following components by weight: 1 part of Agri-fos 400 and 10 parts of turmeric powder, where the concentration of Agri-fos 400 is 3 g / L.

[0098] S5 Staged storage:

[0099] First stage: Place the seeds in an environment with a temperature of 28 °C and a humidity of 88% for 60 hours to promote after-ripening of the seeds and activate the activity of endogenous enzymes.

[0100] Second stage: Carry out modified atmosphere packaging on the seeds, and then store the packaged seeds in an environment with a temperature of 13 °C and a humidity of 72%; the inner layer of the modified atmosphere packaging is a nano-microporous membrane with a controllable gas permeability, and the outer layer is an aluminum foil composite membrane for light and moisture protection. Nitrogen is filled, oxygen is replaced with nitrogen, and the oxygen content in the modified atmosphere packaging is controlled at 4% and the carbon dioxide content is controlled at 6%.

[0101] After 3 months of storage, the germination rate ≥ 85% (the germination rate of the control group by the traditional method ≤ 60%).

[0102] S6 Germination rate detection: After 1, 3, and 6 months of storage, take out the seeds for germination tests. The germination rate is relatively high ( Figure 1 ), and the growth potential of the seeds is good ( Figure 2 ), which proves that the storage method of the present invention has significant practical value.

[0103] Table 4. Statistics of storage mildew and germination rate of Musang King durian seeds

[0104]

[0105] Example 8 Storage method of D197 durian seeds

[0106] S1 Seed screening: Select durians with consistent maturity, light yellow pulp color, and no wet cores. Peel off the pulp and pick out D197 durian seeds with a diameter greater than 3 cm and no mechanical damage.

[0107] S2 Surface treatment: Clean with 40 kHz ultrasonic waves for 10 minutes to remove the pulp residues on the seed surface.

[0108] S3 Disinfection and sterilization: Immerse the seeds in the composite preservative provided in Example 2 for 5 seconds, and air-dry them naturally after soaking.

[0109] S4 Hermetic treatment: Apply seed preservation powder to the seeds to reduce water loss. The seed preservation powder contains the following components by weight: 1 part of Agri-fos400 and 10 parts of turmeric powder, where the concentration of Agri-fos400 is 2 g / L;

[0110] S5 Staged storage:

[0111] First stage: Place the seeds in an environment with a temperature of 28 °C and a humidity of 88% for 60 hours to promote after-ripening of the seeds and activate the activity of endogenous enzymes;

[0112] Second stage: Carry out modified atmosphere packaging on the seeds, and then store the packaged seeds in an environment with a temperature of 13 °C and a humidity of 72%; the inner layer of the modified atmosphere packaging is a nano-microporous membrane with a controllable gas permeability, and the outer layer is an aluminum foil composite film for light and moisture protection. Fill with nitrogen, replace oxygen with nitrogen, and control the oxygen content in the modified atmosphere packaging to 4% and the carbon dioxide content to 6%;

[0113] After 3 months of storage, the germination rate ≥ 85% (the germination rate of the control group by the traditional method ≤ 60%).

[0114] S6 Germination rate detection: After 1, 3, and 6 months of storage, take out the seeds for germination tests. The germination rate is relatively high, and the growth potential of the seeds is good, proving that the storage method of the present invention has significant practical value.

[0115] Table 5. Statistics of mold and germination rate of Musang King durian seeds during storage

[0116]

[0117] Example 9 Storage method of Black Thorn durian seeds

[0118] S1 Seed screening: Select durians with consistent maturity, light yellow pulp color, and no wet core. Peel off the pulp and select Black Thorn durian seeds with a diameter greater than 3 cm and no mechanical damage;

[0119] S2 Surface treatment: Clean with 40 kHz ultrasonic waves for 10 minutes to remove the remaining pulp on the seed surface;

[0120] S3 Disinfection and sterilization: Immerse the seeds in the composite preservative provided in Example 2 for 5 seconds, and air dry naturally after soaking;

[0121] S4 Hermetic treatment: Apply seed preservation powder to the seeds to reduce water loss. The seed preservation powder contains the following components by weight: 1 part of Agri-fos400 and 10 parts of turmeric powder, where the concentration of Agri-fos400 is 2.5 g / L;

[0122] S5 Staged storage:

[0123] The first stage: Place the seeds in an environment with a temperature of 28°C and a humidity of 88% for 60 hours to promote after-ripening of the seeds and activate the activity of endogenous enzymes;

[0124] The second stage: Carry out modified atmosphere packaging on the seeds, and then store the packaged seeds in an environment with a temperature of 13°C and a humidity of 72%; the inner layer of the modified atmosphere packaging is a nano-microporous membrane with a controllable gas permeability, and the outer layer is an aluminum foil composite membrane for light and moisture protection. Nitrogen is filled, oxygen is replaced with nitrogen, and the oxygen content in the modified atmosphere packaging is controlled at 4% and the carbon dioxide content is controlled at 6%;

[0125] After 3 months of storage, the germination rate ≥ 85% (the germination rate of the control group by the traditional method ≤ 60%).

[0126] S6 Germination rate detection: After 1, 3, and 6 months of storage, take out the seeds for germination tests. The germination rate is relatively high and the growth potential of the seeds is good, proving that the storage method of the present invention has significant practical value.

[0127] Table 6. Statistics of storage mildew and germination rate of durian seeds

[0128]

[0129] Example 10 Storage method of Gan Yao durian seeds

[0130] S1 Seed screening: Select durians with consistent maturity, light yellow pulp color, and no wet core. Peel off the pulp and select Gan Yao durian seeds with a diameter greater than 3 cm and no mechanical damage;

[0131] S2 Surface treatment: Clean with 40 kHz ultrasonic waves for 10 minutes to remove the pulp residues on the seed surface;

[0132] S3 Disinfection and sterilization: Immerse the seeds in the composite preservative provided in Example 2 for 5 seconds, and air-dry naturally after soaking;

[0133] S4 Sealing treatment: Use seed preservation powder to coat the seeds to reduce water loss. The seed preservation powder contains the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of Agri-fos400 and 10 parts of turmeric powder, where the concentration of Agri-fos400 is 3 g / L;

[0134] S5 Staged storage:

[0135] The first stage: Place the seeds in an environment with a temperature of 28°C and a humidity of 88% for 60 hours to promote after-ripening of the seeds and activate the activity of endogenous enzymes;

[0136] Second stage: The seeds are subjected to controlled atmosphere packaging, and then the packaged seeds are stored in an environment with a temperature of 13°C and a humidity of 72%; the inner layer of the controlled atmosphere packaging is a nano-microporous membrane with a controllable gas permeability, and the outer layer is an aluminum foil composite film for light and moisture protection. Nitrogen is filled to displace oxygen, and the oxygen content in the controlled atmosphere packaging is controlled at 4% and the carbon dioxide content is controlled at 6%.

[0137] After 3 months of storage, the germination rate ≥ 85% (the germination rate of the control group by the traditional method ≤ 60%).

[0138] S6 Germination rate detection: After 1, 3, and 6 months of storage, the seeds are taken out for germination tests. The germination rate is relatively high, and the growth potential of the seeds is good, proving that the storage method of the present invention has significant practical value.

[0139] Table 7. Statistics of storage mildew and germination rate of Dry Yao durian seeds

[0140]

[0141] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for long-term storage of durian seeds in stages based on a composite preservative and controlled atmosphere technology, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1 Seed screening: Select durians with consistent maturity, light yellow pulp color, and no wet cores. Peel the pulp and pick out seeds with a diameter greater than 3 cm and no mechanical damage. S2 Surface treatment: Clean with 40 kHz ultrasonic waves for 10 minutes to remove residual pulp on the seed surface. S3 Disinfection and sterilization: Immerse the seeds in the composite preservative for 3 - 5 seconds and air-dry naturally after soaking. The composite preservative contains the following components in parts by weight: 10 - 15 parts of Agri-fos400, 5 - 8 parts of curcumin powder, 3 - 5 parts of chitosan powder, 0.5 - 1 part of low-concentration ethephon. The preparation method of the composite preservative is: Dissolve 10 - 15 parts of Agri-fos400, 5 - 8 parts of curcumin powder, 3 - 5 parts of chitosan powder, and 0.5 - 1 part of low-concentration ethephon in deionized water and adjust the pH to 6.0 - 6.5 to form a homogeneous solution. S4 Sealing treatment: Use seed preservation powder to coat the seeds to reduce water loss. The seed preservation powder contains the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of Agri-fos400, 10 parts of turmeric powder, and the concentration of Agri-fos400 is 2 - 3 g / L. S5 Staged storage: The first stage: Place the seeds in an environment with a temperature of 25 - 28 °C and a humidity of 85% - 90% for 48 - 72 hours to promote after-ripening of the seeds and activate the activity of endogenous enzymes. The second stage: Carry out modified atmosphere packaging on the seeds, and then store the packaged seeds in an environment with a temperature of 13 - 15 °C and a humidity of 70% - 75%. The inner layer of the modified atmosphere packaging is a nano-microporous membrane with a controllable air permeability, and the outer layer is an aluminum foil composite membrane for light and moisture protection. Fill with nitrogen, replace oxygen with nitrogen, and control the oxygen content in the modified atmosphere packaging to 4% and the carbon dioxide content to 6%.

2. The method for long-term storage of durian seeds in stages based on a composite preservative and controlled atmosphere technology according to claim 1, wherein The proportion of each component in the composite preservative is: 12 parts of Agri-fos400, 6 parts of curcumin powder, 4 parts of chitosan powder, and 0.8 part of ethephon powder.

3. The method for long-term storage of durian seeds in stages based on a composite preservative and controlled atmosphere technology according to claim 1, characterized in that In the first stage of the S5 staged storage, the temperature is 28 °C, the humidity is 88%, and the duration is 60 hours.

4. The method for long-term storage of durian seeds in stages based on a composite preservative and controlled atmosphere technology according to claim 1, wherein In the second stage of the S5 staged storage, the temperature is 13 °C and the humidity is 72%.

5. Application of the method for staged long-term storage of durian seeds based on composite preservative and modified atmosphere technology as claimed in claim 1 in the long-term preservation of durian seeds.

6. Application of the method for staged long-term storage of durian seeds based on composite preservative and modified atmosphere technology as claimed in claim 1 in the construction of a durian germplasm resource bank.

7. A composite preservative for durian seed storage, characterized in that, It contains the following components in parts by weight: 10 - 15 parts of Agri-fos400, 5 - 8 parts of curcumin powder, 3 - 5 parts of chitosan powder, 0.5 - 1 part of low-concentration ethephon.

8. The composite fresh-keeping agent for durian seed storage according to claim 7, wherein, The proportion of each component is: 12 parts of Agri-fos400, 6 parts of curcumin powder, 4 parts of chitosan powder, and 0.8 part of ethephon powder.

9. The preparation method of the composite preservative according to claim 7, characterized in that, Dissolve 10 - 15 parts of Agri-fos400, 5 - 8 parts of curcumin powder, 3 - 5 parts of chitosan powder, and 0.5 - 1 part of low-concentration ethephon in deionized water and adjust the pH to 6.0 - 6.5 to form a homogeneous solution.

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