Pulmonary artery embolism evaluation system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of disease assessment systems, and particularly relates to a pulmonary artery embolism assessment system. The systematized pulmonary artery embolism evaluation system is constructed by combining the pulmonary artery systolic pressure estimated by tricuspid valve regurgitation and the difference value (Y) of the pulmonary artery systolic pressure estimated by pulmonary artery valve regurgitation pressure, the pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time, the finger pulse oxygen saturation and other parameters. Compared with a traditional single ultrasonic index (for example, only depending on the increase of pulmonary arterial pressure), the method has the advantages that pulmonary embolism and other diseases (such as left heart related pulmonary hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) possibly causing the increase of pulmonary arterial pressure can be effectively distinguished through multi-parameter comprehensive evaluation, so that the accuracy and specificity of pulmonary embolism diagnosis are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of disease assessment systems, and particularly relates to a pulmonary embolism assessment system. Background Art

[0002] Pulmonary Embolism (PE) is a serious cardiovascular disease caused by the obstruction of the pulmonary artery or its branches by thrombus or other substances. Common sources of emboli include deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the lower extremities. After the embolus detaches, it enters the pulmonary artery with the blood flow, resulting in blood flow obstruction, and then causing symptoms such as dyspnea, chest pain, and hypoxemia. In severe cases, it can lead to right heart failure and even sudden death. The incidence of pulmonary embolism is relatively high, and the disease progresses rapidly. If not diagnosed and treated in a timely manner, the mortality rate of patients will increase significantly. Therefore, early diagnosis and risk assessment are crucial for improving the prognosis of patients.

[0003] Currently, the gold standard for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism is pulmonary artery computed tomography angiography (CTA). CTA can clearly show the emboli in the pulmonary artery, and has high sensitivity and specificity, which is the preferred method for clinical diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. However, CTA examination has certain limitations. First, some patients are allergic to contrast agents and cannot undergo CTA examination; second, critically ill patients may not be able to tolerate CTA examination due to their critical condition or hemodynamic instability; in addition, CTA examination requires specific equipment and professional technical personnel, and may not be able to be completed in a timely manner in emergency situations. These factors limit the application of CTA in some patients, especially in emergency or bedside diagnosis.

[0004] As a non-invasive and convenient examination method, ultrasound plays an important role in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. By ultrasound, the tricuspid regurgitation velocity and pulmonary valve regurgitation velocity can be measured, and then the pulmonary artery pressure can be estimated to indirectly evaluate the possibility of pulmonary embolism. In addition, emboli can be directly observed in the main pulmonary artery in some patients, further supporting the diagnosis. However, there are also some problems with ultrasound in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. First, an increase in pulmonary artery pressure is not necessarily caused by pulmonary embolism, but may also be due to other diseases such as left heart-related pulmonary hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; second, the accuracy of ultrasound examination depends on the experience and technical level of the operator, and it may be difficult to obtain clear images in some cases (such as obesity or pulmonary gas interference). Therefore, although ultrasound has important value in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism, other clinical indicators and examination methods still need to be combined to improve the accuracy and reliability of the diagnosis. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above problems, the present invention designs a set of pulmonary embolism assessment system, which evaluates the possibility of pulmonary embolism by calculating the difference between the pulmonary artery systolic pressure estimated by tricuspid regurgitation and the pulmonary artery systolic pressure estimated by pulmonary valve regurgitation.

[0006] Specifically, the present invention provides a pulmonary embolism assessment system, which includes the following modules: A data acquisition module, which is used to obtain echocardiogram data of a patient, including key parameters such as tricuspid regurgitation velocity (V1), mean pulmonary valve regurgitation velocity (V2), end-diastolic velocity of pulmonary valve regurgitation (V3), pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time, and finger pulse oxygen saturation. A difference calculation module, which calculates the difference (Y) between the pulmonary artery systolic pressure (P1) estimated by tricuspid regurgitation and the pulmonary artery systolic pressure (P2) estimated by pulmonary valve regurgitation pressure based on the acquired echocardiogram data. A scoring formulation module, which sets weights and scoring ranges for each parameter according to the acquired echocardiogram data and the calculated difference to form a pulmonary embolism scoring standard. A diagnostic evaluation module, which evaluates the likelihood level of pulmonary embolism in the patient based on the difference (Y), pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time, and finger pulse oxygen saturation parameters.

[0007] Preferably, the difference calculation module uses the following formula to calculate the difference between the pulmonary artery systolic pressure estimated by tricuspid regurgitation and the pulmonary artery systolic pressure estimated by pulmonary valve regurgitation pressure: Y = P1 - P2, where P1 = 4V1 2 +RAP, P2 = 12V2 2 - 8V3 2 +RAP, and the RAP is the right atrial pressure.

[0008] Preferably, the scoring formulation module specifically sets weights and scoring ranges according to the following parameters: The difference between the pulmonary artery systolic pressure estimated by tricuspid regurgitation and the pulmonary artery systolic pressure estimated by pulmonary valve regurgitation pressure; Pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time; Finger pulse oxygen saturation.

[0009] Preferably, it is characterized in that the diagnostic evaluation module evaluates the likelihood level of pulmonary embolism in the patient according to the following rules: Grade I, difference ≥ 3 points: Highly likely to be pulmonary embolism, with a high possibility of the main trunk; Grade II, difference = 2 points: Moderately likely to be pulmonary embolism, with a high possibility of branches; Grade III, difference = 1 point, and pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time > 2 points, finger pulse oxygen saturation ≥ 1 point: Low likely to be pulmonary embolism, still need to be further evaluated in combination with other clinical indicators; Grade IV, difference ≤ 1 point, and pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time ≤ 1 point: Low probability of pulmonary embolism, with a low fatality rate related to pulmonary embolism.

[0010] Preferably, it further includes a user interface module which provides an intuitive and easy-to-use user interface for inputting patient information, displaying echocardiogram data, presenting calculation results and scoring results, and facilitating doctors' interactive operations.

[0011] Preferably, it further includes a database module which is used to securely and efficiently store patients' echocardiogram data, calculation results, scoring results, diagnostic information and other relevant medical information for subsequent query and analysis.

[0012] Preferably, it further includes a remote communication module which realizes seamless connection with a remote medical system and supports real-time transmission of patients' echocardiogram data, scoring results and diagnostic information to remote doctors for consultation, improving the accessibility and efficiency of medical services.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following effects: The present invention constructs a systematic pulmonary embolism assessment system by combining the difference (Y) between the pulmonary artery systolic pressure estimated by tricuspid regurgitation and the pulmonary artery systolic pressure estimated by pulmonary valve regurgitation pressure, as well as multiple parameters such as pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time and finger pulse oxygen saturation. Compared with traditional single ultrasound indicators (such as only relying on increased pulmonary artery pressure), through multi-parameter comprehensive evaluation, the present invention can effectively distinguish pulmonary embolism from other diseases that may cause increased pulmonary artery pressure (such as left heart-related pulmonary hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, etc.), thus significantly improving the accuracy and specificity of pulmonary embolism diagnosis.

[0014] The pulmonary embolism assessment system provided by the present invention is non-invasive and convenient, especially suitable for emergency or bedside diagnosis scenarios. The system quickly acquires echocardiogram data through a data acquisition module, automatically calculates the difference, generates scores and diagnostic results, greatly simplifies the diagnostic process, and reduces the workload of doctors. At the same time, the system is equipped with a user interface module and a remote communication module, supporting intuitive data display and remote consultation functions, enabling doctors to quickly obtain diagnostic information and communicate with remote experts in real time, further improving the efficiency and accessibility of medical services. In addition, the system also has a database module that can securely store patients' medical data for subsequent query and analysis, providing strong support for clinical research and decision-making. Detailed implementation manners

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. The pulmonary embolism assessment system of the present invention can effectively improve the accuracy and convenience of pulmonary embolism diagnosis through multi-parameter comprehensive evaluation, especially suitable for emergency and bedside diagnosis scenarios.

[0016] Embodiment 1: Overall introduction of the pulmonary embolism assessment system 1. System composition The pulmonary embolism assessment system of the present invention includes the following modules: Data acquisition module: used to obtain echocardiogram data of patients, including key parameters such as tricuspid regurgitation velocity (V1), mean pulmonary artery valve regurgitation velocity (V2), end-diastolic velocity of pulmonary artery valve regurgitation (V3), pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time, and finger pulse oxygen saturation; Difference calculation module: Based on the collected echocardiogram data, calculate the difference (Y) between the pulmonary artery systolic pressure (P1) estimated by tricuspid regurgitation and the pulmonary artery systolic pressure (P2) estimated by pulmonary artery valve regurgitation pressure; Scoring formulation module: According to the collected echocardiogram data and the calculated difference, set weights and scoring ranges for each parameter to form a pulmonary embolism scoring standard; Diagnostic evaluation module, according to the difference (Y) and parameters such as pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time and finger pulse oxygen saturation, evaluate the likelihood level of pulmonary embolism in patients; User interface module: Provide an intuitive and easy-to-use user interface for inputting patient information, displaying echocardiogram data, and presenting calculation results and scoring results; Database module: Used to safely and efficiently store patients' echocardiogram data, calculation results, scoring results, diagnostic information, and other relevant medical information; Remote communication module: Achieve seamless connection with the remote medical system, and support real-time transmission of patients' echocardiogram data, scoring results, and diagnostic information to remote doctors for consultation.

[0017] 2. System working process Data acquisition: Obtain data such as tricuspid regurgitation velocity, pulmonary artery valve regurgitation velocity, pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time, and finger pulse oxygen saturation of patients through ultrasonic equipment; Difference calculation: Calculate the pulmonary artery systolic pressure (P1) estimated by tricuspid regurgitation according to the formula: P1 = 4V1 2 +RAP; Calculate the pulmonary artery systolic pressure (P2) estimated by pulmonary artery valve regurgitation pressure according to the formula: P2 = 12V2 2 -8V3 2 +RAP; Calculate the difference (Y): Y = P1 - P2 Y = P1−P2 = 4V1 2 -12V2 2 +8V3 2 ; Scoring system: Based on parameters such as the difference (Y), pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time, and finger pulse oxygen saturation, score each parameter according to the following scoring criteria: Table 1 Scoring criteria for the pulmonary embolism assessment system Total score calculation: Add up the scores of each parameter to obtain the patient's total score; Diagnostic assessment: According to the total score, classify the patient into different levels of pulmonary embolism probability: Level I, difference ≥ 3 points: Highly likely to be pulmonary embolism, with a high probability of the main trunk; Level II, difference = 2 points: Moderately likely to be pulmonary embolism, with a high probability of branches; Level III, difference = 1 point, and pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time 2 points, finger pulse oxygen saturation ≥ 1 point: Low probability of pulmonary embolism, still need to be further evaluated in combination with other clinical indicators; Level IV, difference ≤ 1 point, and pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time ≤ 1 point: Low probability of pulmonary embolism, with a low fatality rate related to pulmonary embolism.

[0018] Example 2: Specific application example Step 1: Data collection Obtain the patient's echocardiogram data through an ultrasound device, including: Tricuspid regurgitation velocity (V1) = 3.83 m / s; Mean pulmonary artery regurgitation velocity (V2) = 1.51 m / s; End-diastolic velocity of pulmonary artery regurgitation (V3) = 1.13 m / s; Pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time = 65 ms; Finger pulse oxygen saturation = 92%.

[0019] Step 2: Difference calculation Calculate the estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure (P1) by tricuspid regurgitation and the estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure (P2) by pulmonary artery regurgitation pressure according to the formula: P1 = 4V1^2^ + RAP = 4 × (3.83)^2^ + 5 = 58.6 + 5 = 63.6 mmHg; P2 = 12V2^2^ - 8V3^2^ + RAP = 12 × (1.51)^2^ - 8 × (1.13)^2^ + 5 = 27.36 - 10.23 + 5 = 22.13 mmHg; Difference Y = P1 - P2 = 63.6 - 22.13 = 41.47 mmHg.

[0020] Step 3: Score formulation According to the scoring criteria, score each parameter as follows: The difference between the tricuspid systolic pressure and pulmonary regurgitation: 41.47 mmHg, belonging to "the difference between tricuspid systolic pressure and pulmonary regurgitation > 30", score 4 points; Pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time: 65 ms, belonging to "pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time 60 - 70 ms", score 1 point; Finger pulse oxygen saturation: 92%, belonging to "blood oxygen saturation > 90%", score 0 points.

[0021] Step 4: Diagnostic evaluation According to the total score, the difference Y is 4 points, belonging to grade I, highly likely to be pulmonary embolism, with a high possibility of the main trunk.

[0022] Example 3: Comprehensive application of database module, remote communication module and user interface module 1. Application of database module Store the echocardiogram data, calculation results, scoring results and diagnostic information of the patient in the database module for subsequent query and analysis. The database module supports the following functions: Data storage: Store the tricuspid regurgitation velocity, pulmonary valve regurgitation velocity, pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time, finger pulse oxygen saturation, difference Y, total score and diagnostic results of the patient; Data query: Quickly query historical data according to the patient ID or diagnostic results; Trend analysis: By comparing the data of multiple examinations of the patient, generate a trend chart of pulmonary artery pressure changes to assist doctors in evaluating the disease progression.

[0023] 2. Application of remote communication module Through the remote communication module, transmit the echocardiogram data, scoring results and diagnostic information of the patient to the remote medical platform in real time for remote experts to conduct consultations. The specific process is as follows: The doctor enters the patient information in the user interface module and uploads the echocardiogram data; The system automatically calculates the difference Y, generates the score and diagnostic results, and sends the data to the remote medical platform through the remote communication module; After receiving the data, the remote expert can view the patient's ultrasound images, scoring results and diagnostic suggestions in real time and conduct a remote consultation with the attending doctor.

[0024] 3. Application of user interface module The user interface module provides an intuitive and easy-to-use operation interface, supporting the following functions: Data input: The doctor can manually input or import the patient's echocardiogram data; Results show that the system automatically displays the tricuspid regurgitation velocity, pulmonary valve regurgitation velocity, pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time, finger pulse oxygen saturation, difference Y, total score, and diagnostic results; Interactive operation: According to the system prompts, doctors can adjust the parameter weights or recalculate the scores to optimize the diagnostic results.

[0025] For parts or structures not specifically described in the present invention, existing technologies or existing products can be adopted, and no further elaboration will be made here. The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or equivalent process transformation made using the content of the present invention's specification, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, shall equally be included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pulmonary embolism assessment system, characterized in that, The system includes the following modules: A data acquisition module, which is used to obtain echocardiogram data of patients, including key parameters such as tricuspid regurgitation velocity (V1), mean pulmonary artery valve regurgitation velocity (V2), end-diastolic velocity of pulmonary artery valve regurgitation (V3), pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time, and finger pulse oxygen saturation; A difference calculation module, which calculates the difference (Y) between the estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure (P1) by tricuspid regurgitation and the estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure (P2) by pulmonary artery valve regurgitation pressure based on the acquired echocardiogram data; A scoring formulation module, which sets weights and scoring ranges for each parameter according to the acquired echocardiogram data and the calculated difference to form a pulmonary embolism scoring standard; A diagnosis and evaluation module, which evaluates the likelihood level of pulmonary embolism in patients based on the difference (Y), pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time, and finger pulse oxygen saturation parameters; 2. The pulmonary embolism evaluation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The difference calculation module calculates the difference between the estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure by tricuspid regurgitation and the estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure by pulmonary artery valve regurgitation using the following formula: Y = P1 - P2, where P1 = 4V1 2 +RAP, P2 = 12V2 2 - 8V3 2 +RAP, where RAP is the right atrial pressure.

3. The pulmonary embolism evaluation system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The scoring formulation module specifically sets weights and scoring ranges according to the following parameters: The difference between the estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure by tricuspid regurgitation and the estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure by pulmonary artery valve regurgitation; pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time; finger pulse oxygen saturation.

4. The pulmonary embolism assessment system according to claim 1, wherein The diagnosis and evaluation module evaluates the likelihood level of pulmonary embolism in patients according to the following rules: Level I, difference ≥ 3 points: Highly likely to be pulmonary embolism, with a high possibility of the main trunk; Level II, difference = 2 points: Moderately likely to be pulmonary embolism, with a high possibility of branches; Level III, difference = 1 point, and pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time > 2 points, finger pulse oxygen saturation ≥ 1 point: Low possibility of pulmonary embolism, and other clinical indicators still need to be combined for further evaluation; Level IV, difference ≤ 1 point, and pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time ≤ 1 point: Low probability of pulmonary embolism, and the lethality rate related to pulmonary embolism is low.

5. The pulmonary embolism evaluation system according to claim 1, wherein It also includes a user interface module, which provides an intuitive and easy-to-use user interface for inputting patient information, displaying echocardiogram data, presenting calculation results and scoring results, and facilitating interactive operations by doctors.

6. The pulmonary embolism assessment system according to claim 1, wherein, It also includes a database module, which is used to securely and efficiently store patients' echocardiogram data, calculation results, scoring results, diagnosis information, and other relevant medical information for subsequent query and analysis.

7. The pulmonary embolism evaluation system according to claim 1, wherein It also includes a remote communication module, which realizes seamless connection with the remote medical system, supports real-time transmission of patients' echocardiogram data, scoring results, and diagnosis information to remote doctors for consultation, and improves the accessibility and efficiency of medical services.

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