Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation device for small animals

Abstract

The invention discloses a small animal noninvasive positive pressure ventilation device which comprises a positive pressure breathing cabin, an animal fixing device and a positive pressure breathing machine, the animal fixing device comprises an animal fixing bottle and a neck sealing belt, and the animal fixing bottle is placed in the positive pressure breathing cabin; the neck sealing tape is fixed on one side of an opening of the animal fixing bottle; and the positive-pressure breathing machine is connected and communicated with the positive-pressure breathing cabin. Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation is achieved, the influence of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation on various structures and functions of animal airways and lungs can be discussed, and changes of the structures, functions and various mechanisms of the airways and alveoli when a noninvasive ventilator is worn for a long time for chronic respiratory failure clinically can be well simulated; long-term positive pressure ventilation can be realized, positive pressure ventilation can be accepted by animals for a long time, positive pressure ventilation can be accepted by the animals for several hours every day, autonomous respiration can be realized for several hours every day, and the animal model for long-term non-invasive positive pressure ventilation accepted by patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, chronic respiratory failure and the like can be accurately simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of animal experimental devices, and more specifically, to a non-invasive positive pressure ventilation device for small animals. Background Art

[0002] In the existing animal experimental techniques for respiratory failure, positive pressure ventilation is mostly carried out by means of tracheal intubation or tracheotomy for animal respiratory support devices. Such devices can well maintain the respiratory function of animals and play an important role in constructing an animal model of acute respiratory failure and studying the characteristics of related animal experiments on acute respiratory failure.

[0003] However, tracheal intubation and tracheotomy need to be carried out after the animals are deeply anesthetized, and the animals must be sacrificed after the short-term animal experiment operation. On the one hand, it causes invasive harm to the animals, and on the other hand, it is very difficult to study the influence mechanism of long-term positive pressure ventilation on the animal model through such animal experimental devices. In short, at present, it is impossible to systematically explore the various mechanisms of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation on the long-term intervention of chronic respiratory failure through animal models.

[0004] Therefore, providing a non-invasive positive pressure ventilation device for small animals is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a non-invasive positive pressure ventilation device for small animals, which realizes long-term non-invasive positive pressure ventilation for animals without anesthesia, meeting the requirements of the ethical principles of experimental animal welfare.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A non-invasive positive pressure ventilation device for small animals includes a positive pressure breathing chamber, an animal fixator, and a positive pressure ventilator. The animal fixator includes an animal fixing bottle and a neck sealing band. The animal fixing bottle is placed in the positive pressure breathing chamber; the neck sealing band is fixed on one side of the opening of the animal fixing bottle; the positive pressure ventilator is connected and communicated with the positive pressure breathing chamber.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0009] 1) Realize non-invasive positive pressure ventilation: It can explore the influence of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation on the structures and functions of the animal airway and lungs, and can well simulate the changes in the structures, functions and various mechanisms of the airway and alveoli during long-term wearing of a non-invasive ventilator in clinical chronic respiratory failure.

[0010] 2) Achieve long-term non-invasive positive pressure ventilation: It can enable animals to receive positive pressure ventilation for a long time, and at the same time, enable animals to receive positive pressure ventilation for several hours a day and achieve spontaneous breathing for several hours a day, accurately simulating the long-term home non-invasive positive pressure ventilation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and respiratory failure.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes an oxygen concentration sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor and an exhalation valve installed on the positive pressure breathing chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a controller, the oxygen concentration sensor and the carbon dioxide concentration sensor are electrically connected to the controller respectively, and the controller is electrically connected to the exhalation valve.

[0013] Furthermore, the positive pressure breathing chamber includes a cabin body and a cabin door, and the cabin door covers the entrance and exit of the cabin body.

[0014] Furthermore, there are multiple animal fixators, and the multiple animal fixators are all fixed in the positive pressure breathing chamber through brackets.

[0015] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is that experiments can be carried out on multiple small animals at the same time, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0016] Furthermore, the bracket is a pentagonal bracket, the pentagonal bracket forms five clamping grooves, the number of the animal fixators is five, and the five animal fixators are embedded in the five clamping grooves.

[0017] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is that it is easy to remove and install. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 The accompanying drawing is a structural schematic diagram of a non-invasive positive pressure ventilation device for small animals provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of an animal fixator provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of the support provided by the present invention in cooperation with the animal fixator;

[0022] Figure 4The accompanying drawing is a side view of the bracket provided by the present invention in cooperation with the animal fixator. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] As Figures 1-4 shown, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a non-invasive positive pressure ventilation device for small animals, including a positive pressure breathing chamber 1, an animal fixator 2 and a positive pressure ventilator 3. The animal fixator 2 includes an animal fixing bottle 21 and a neck sealing band 22. The animal fixing bottle 21 is placed in the positive pressure breathing chamber 1. The animal fixing bottle 21 is cylindrical. During the experiment, the body of the small animal is fixed in the animal fixing bottle 21. The neck sealing band 22 is fixed on one side of the opening of the animal fixing bottle 21. The neck sealing band 22 is of appropriate tightness to avoid physical damage to the animal airway. During the experiment, it is put on the neck of the small animal so that the head of the small animal is exposed outside the animal fixing bottle 21 (in the environment of the positive pressure breathing chamber 1), while the body is located inside the animal fixing bottle 21 and is isolated from the environment of the positive pressure breathing chamber 1 and is still in the atmospheric pressure state, so that the positive pressure gas in the positive pressure breathing chamber 1 can enter the lungs of the animal through the oral and nasal cavities of the animal. The oxygen cylinder is connected and communicated with the positive pressure ventilator 3 through a water seal bottle, and the positive pressure ventilator 3 is connected and communicated with the positive pressure breathing chamber 1 to provide positive pressure ventilation support for the inside of the positive pressure breathing chamber 1. The present invention realizes non-invasive positive pressure ventilation: it can explore the effects of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation on the airway and various structures and functions of the lungs of animals, and can well simulate the changes of airway and alveolar structures, functions and various mechanisms during long-term wearing of non-invasive ventilators clinically in chronic respiratory failure; and realizes long-term non-invasive positive pressure ventilation: it can enable animals to receive non-invasive positive pressure ventilation for a long time, and at the same time enable animals to receive positive pressure ventilation for several hours every day and perform spontaneous breathing for several hours every day, accurately simulating the long-term home non-invasive positive pressure ventilation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with respiratory failure.

[0025] Of course, in order to prevent the small animal in the animal fixing bottle from moving around, the limbs of the small animal can be fixed. Specifically, it can be restricted by the cylinder body, that is, the inner wall of the animal fixing bottle fits with the trunk of the small animal to restrict its body movement and at the same time limit the outward extension of the limbs, or by setting limb fixing parts in the animal fixing bottle, such as using four elastic straps to fix the limbs.

[0026] In this embodiment, the animal fixing bottle is made of cylindrical transparent acrylic material, with an inner diameter of 3 - 5 cm and a length of 10 - 15 cm. Of course, in order to adapt to animals of different body sizes or different age groups (juveniles / adults), animal fixing bottles of corresponding sizes are provided.

[0027] To further optimize the technical solution of the present invention, it further includes an oxygen concentration sensor 4, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor 5, and an exhalation valve 6 installed on the positive pressure breathing chamber 1. Among them, the oxygen concentration sensor 4 senses the oxygen concentration in the positive pressure breathing chamber 1, the carbon dioxide concentration sensor 5 senses the carbon dioxide concentration in the positive pressure breathing chamber 1, and the exhalation valve 6 adjusts the flow rate of the air outlet of the positive pressure breathing chamber 1 to maintain the end-expiratory positive pressure and the leakage amount in the positive pressure breathing chamber 1.

[0028] Of course, the oxygen concentration sensor 4 and the carbon dioxide concentration sensor 5 can be installed inside the positive pressure breathing chamber 1, or the sensor body can be installed outside the positive pressure breathing chamber 1, while the sensor probe extends into the positive pressure breathing chamber 1. At this time, it is necessary to ensure the connection tightness between the sensor body and the positive pressure breathing chamber 1.

[0029] It can be understood that, in order to increase safety, a pressure overload protection device can be installed inside the positive pressure breathing chamber 1.

[0030] To further optimize the technical solution of the present invention and improve the intelligent level, it further includes a controller. The oxygen concentration sensor 4 and the carbon dioxide concentration sensor 5 are electrically connected to the controller respectively, and the controller is electrically connected to the exhalation valve 6. It can monitor the oxygen concentration and carbon dioxide concentration in the positive pressure breathing chamber 1 in real time, and can realize feedback adjustment of the oxygen concentration of the positive pressure ventilator 3 and adjustment of the leakage amount of the breathing valve 6 to avoid repeated breathing of carbon dioxide.

[0031] Specifically, the positive pressure breathing chamber 1 includes a chamber body 11 and a chamber door 12. The chamber door 12 covers the entrance and exit of the chamber body 11, and the animal fixing bottle 2 can be put in or taken out.

[0032] Of course, the chamber door 12 can also be hinged to one side of the entrance and exit of the chamber body 11 and locked to the other side. No matter which method is used, it is necessary to ensure the tightness between the chamber door 12 and the entrance and exit of the chamber body 11. Specifically, a gasket can be provided between the two.

[0033] It can be understood that, in order to increase safety, an emergency unlocking device for the chamber door can be added.

[0034] To further optimize the technical solution of the present invention, the number of animal fixers 2 is multiple. Multiple animal fixers 2 are all fixed in the positive pressure breathing chamber 1 through a bracket 7, which can conduct experiments on multiple small animals at the same time and improve work efficiency.

[0035] To further optimize the technical solution of the present invention, the bracket 7 is a pentagonal bracket, and the pentagonal bracket forms five clamping grooves. The number of the animal fixators 2 is five, and the five animal fixators 2 are fitted into the five clamping grooves, facilitating the removal and installation of the animal fixators 2.

[0036] Certainly, in order to increase the stability of the clamping between the animal fixator 2 and the clamping groove, clamping plates 8, namely arc-shaped plates, which are matched with the shape of the animal fixator 2, can be arranged on two opposite sides of the clamping groove. The clamping plates 8 can have a certain elasticity, and the animal fixator 2 is inserted and fixed between two corresponding clamping plates 8.

[0037] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and reference can be made to the description in the method part for the relevant parts.

[0038] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A non-invasive positive pressure ventilation device for small animals, characterized in that, It includes a positive pressure breathing chamber, an animal fixator, and a positive pressure ventilator. The animal fixator includes an animal fixing bottle and a neck sealing band. The animal fixing bottle is placed inside the positive pressure breathing chamber; the neck sealing band is fixed to one side of the opening of the animal fixing bottle; the positive pressure ventilator is connected and communicated with the positive pressure breathing chamber.

2. The non-invasive positive pressure ventilation device for small animals according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes an oxygen concentration sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, and an exhalation valve installed on the positive pressure breathing chamber.

3. The non-invasive positive pressure ventilation device for small animals according to claim 2, wherein, It further includes a controller. The oxygen concentration sensor and the carbon dioxide concentration sensor are respectively electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the exhalation valve.

4. The non-invasive positive pressure ventilation device for small animals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive pressure breathing chamber includes a chamber body and a chamber door, and the chamber door covers the entrance and exit of the chamber body.

5. The non-invasive positive pressure ventilation device for small animals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the animal fixators is multiple, and multiple animal fixators are all fixed inside the positive pressure breathing chamber through brackets.

6. The non-invasive positive pressure ventilation device for small animals according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bracket is a pentagonal bracket, and the pentagonal bracket forms five clamping grooves. The number of the animal fixators is five, and five animal fixators are fitted into the five clamping grooves.

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