Drive power supply, motor controller and vehicle

Abstract

An embodiment of the present application provides a driving power supply, a motor controller, and a vehicle, wherein the driving power supply includes a first DC power supply module, a second DC power supply module, two transformers, a power management module, and a first output control module. When the second DC power supply module is not powered on, the first DC power supply module provides input voltage to the driving circuit. After the second DC power supply module is powered on, the second DC power supply module provides input voltage to the driving circuit. By using two transformers to provide power to the driving circuit, after the second DC power supply is powered on, the power load of the first DC power supply can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing the overall power consumption of the first DC power supply system and improving the reliability and stability of the first DC power supply system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of motor control technology, and in particular to a driving power supply, a motor controller and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing maturity of new energy technologies, new energy vehicles have also seen significant development. Hybrid vehicles, new fuel cell vehicles, and the currently dominant pure electric vehicles all use new energy as their primary power source. As the core component of the power source of new energy vehicles, electric drive systems must possess high reliability, rapid response, and high safety.

[0003] The motor controller in an electric drive system efficiently converts the DC power provided by the power battery into AC power to drive the motor. The KL30, acting as the positive terminal of the battery, provides a stable DC power source to the motor controller, ensuring its proper operation. Furthermore, the KL30 provides power to various onboard electronic devices through fuses and branch circuits, and also manages power. This helps protect the motor controller and other electronic devices from voltage fluctuations and current overloads. Therefore, the stability and reliability of the KL30 are crucial to the proper operation of the entire electrical system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a driving power supply, a motor controller, and a vehicle, which are used to reduce the load of a low-voltage power supply, reduce the overall power consumption of the system, and improve the reliability and stability of the low-voltage power supply.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a driving power supply, wherein the driving power supply (10) is used to supply power to a driving circuit (20), wherein the driving circuit (20) includes a first driving subcircuit (201), and the driving power supply (10) includes:

[0006] A first DC power supply module (101), the first DC power supply module (101) is used to provide a first DC power;

[0007] A second DC power supply module (102), the second DC power supply module (102) is used to provide a second DC power, the second DC power being greater than the first DC power;

[0008] a power management module (103), the input end of the power management module (103) being connected to the output end of the first DC power module (101), and being used for converting the first DC power into a third DC power;

[0009] a first transformer (104), the primary side of the first transformer (104) being connected to the output end of the power management module (103), and configured to convert the third direct current into the first alternating current through the first secondary side of the first transformer (104);

[0010] a second transformer (105), wherein the primary side of the second transformer (105) is connected to the output end of the second DC power supply module (102), and is used to convert the second DC power provided by the second DC power supply module (102) into the second AC power via the first secondary side of the second transformer (105);

[0011] A first output control module (106) is provided, wherein a first input end of the first output control module (106) is connected to a first secondary side of the first transformer (104), a second input end is connected to a first secondary side of the second transformer (105), and an output end is connected to an input end of the first drive subcircuit (201). The first output control module (106) is used to provide an input voltage to the first drive subcircuit (201) according to the first alternating current when the second DC power supply module (102) is not powered on, and to provide an input voltage to the first drive subcircuit (201) according to the first alternating current and the second alternating current after the second DC power supply module (102) is powered on.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first output control module (106) includes a first diode (D1), the anode of the first diode (D1) is connected to the first secondary side of the first transformer (104), and the cathode of the first diode (D1) is connected to the first secondary side of the second transformer (105) and the input end of the first driving sub-circuit (201).

[0013] In one embodiment, the first output control module (106) further includes a first voltage regulator connected between the first secondary side of the first transformer (104) and the positive electrode of the first diode (D1), and the first voltage regulator is used to adjust the magnitude of the first alternating current.

[0014] In one embodiment, the driving circuit (20) further includes a second driving sub-circuit (202);

[0015] The second secondary side of the first transformer (104) is connected to the input end of the second driving sub-circuit (202), and the first transformer (104) is further used to convert the third direct current into the third alternating current through the second secondary side of the first transformer (104).

[0016] In one embodiment, the second secondary side of the second transformer (105) is further connected to the input end of the power management module (103), and the second transformer (105) is further used to convert the second direct current into a fourth direct current through the second secondary side of the second transformer (105);

[0017] The power management module (103) is further configured to convert the fourth direct current into a third direct current.

[0018] In one embodiment, the driving power supply (10) further includes a second output control module (107), wherein a first input end of the second output control module (107) is connected to the output end of the first DC power supply module (101), a second input end is connected to the second secondary side of the second transformer (105), and an output end is connected to the input end of the power management module (103);

[0019] The second output control module (107) is used to control the second secondary side of the second transformer (105) to provide a fourth direct current to the power management module (103) after detecting that the first direct current provided by the first direct current power supply module (101) is less than a preset threshold.

[0020] In one embodiment, the second output control module (107) includes a second diode (D2), the anode of the second diode (D2) is connected to the second secondary side of the second transformer (105), and the cathode of the second diode (D2) is connected to the input end of the power management module (103).

[0021] In one embodiment, the second output control module (107) further includes a second voltage regulator connected between the second secondary side of the second transformer (105) and the anode of the second diode (D2).

[0022] In one embodiment, the first DC power supply module (101) comprises a filter circuit (1013), an anti-reverse circuit (1012), and a first DC power supply (1011), which are sequentially connected to an input end of the power management module (103).

[0023] In one embodiment, the first DC power supply module (101) further includes a controllable switch circuit (1014);

[0024] The input end of the controllable switch circuit (1014) is connected to the output end of the filter circuit (1013), the output end is connected to the input end of the power management module (103), and the control end receives the control signal;

[0025] The controllable switch circuit (1014) is used to control the on / off of the output circuit of the first DC power supply module (101) according to a control signal.

[0026] In one embodiment, the power management module (103) includes a power boost circuit (1031) and a power management chip circuit (1032), wherein the input end of the power boost circuit (1031) is connected to the output end of the first DC power supply module (101), the output end of the power boost circuit (1031) is connected to the input end of the power management chip circuit (1032), and the output end of the power management chip circuit (1032) is connected to the primary side of the first transformer (104);

[0027] A power boost circuit (1031) is used to convert the first direct current or the fourth direct current into a fifth direct current, where the fifth direct current is greater than the first direct current;

[0028] The power management chip circuit (1032) is used for converting the fifth direct current into the third direct current.

[0029] In one embodiment, the driving power supply (10) further includes a third voltage regulator, and the third voltage regulator is connected between the power management chip circuit (1032) and the primary side of the first transformer (104).

[0030] In one embodiment, the first transformer (104) and the second transformer (105) are both flyback transformers.

[0031] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a motor controller, which includes a driving power supply as described in the first aspect and / or various embodiments of the first aspect.

[0032] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, which includes the motor controller mentioned in the second aspect above.

[0033] The embodiment of the present application provides a driving power supply, a motor controller and a vehicle, wherein the driving power supply includes: a first DC power supply module and a second DC power supply module, the first DC power supply module is used to provide a first DC power, the second DC power supply module is used to provide a second DC power, and the second DC power supply module is used to provide a second DC power greater than the first DC power; a power management module, the input end of the power management module is connected to the output end of the first DC power supply module, and is used to convert the first DC power into a third DC power; a first transformer, the primary side of the first transformer is connected to the output end of the power management module, and is used to convert the third DC power into a first AC power through the first secondary side of the first transformer; a second transformer, the second transformer The primary side is connected to the output end of the second DC power supply module, and is used to convert the second DC power provided by the second DC power supply module into a second AC power through the first secondary side of the second transformer; the first output control module, the first input end of the first output control module is connected to the first secondary side of the first transformer, the second input end is connected to the first secondary side of the second transformer, and the output end is connected to the input end of the first driver sub-circuit, the first output control module is used to provide an input voltage to the first driver sub-circuit according to the first AC power when the second DC power supply module is not powered on, and after the second DC power supply module is powered on, provide an input voltage to the second driver sub-circuit according to the first AC power and the second AC power. The present application uses two transformers to provide power to the drive circuit, so that after the second power supply is powered on, the power load of the first power supply can be effectively reduced, the overall power consumption of the first power supply system is reduced, and the reliability and stability of the first power supply system are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0035] Figure 1 The structure of the driving power supply provided in one embodiment Figure 1 ;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a driving circuit structure of a three-phase motor provided in one embodiment;

[0037] Figure 3 The structure of the first DC power supply module provided in one embodiment is Figure 1 ;

[0038] Figure 4 The structure of the first DC power supply module provided in one embodiment is Figure 2 ;

[0039] Figure 5 The structure of the driving power supply provided in one embodiment Figure 2 ;

[0040] Figure 6 The structure of the driving power supply provided in one embodiment Figure 3 ;

[0041] Figure 7 The structure of the driving power supply provided in one embodiment Figure 4 ;

[0042] Figure 8 The structure of the driving power supply provided in one embodiment Figure 5 ;

[0043] Figure 9 The structure of the driving power supply provided in one embodiment Figure 6 ;

[0044] Figure 10 The structure of the driving power supply provided in one embodiment Figure 7 ;

[0045] Figure 11 A diagram of the PCBA power supply architecture for a vehicle motor controller provided in one embodiment.

[0046] Reference numerals:

[0047] 10: Driving power supply; 101: First DC power supply module; 1011: First DC power supply; 1012: Anti-reverse circuit; 1013: Filter circuit; 1014: Controllable switching circuit; 102: Second DC power supply module; 103: Power management module; 1031: Power boost circuit; 1032: Power management chip circuit; 104: First transformer; 105: Second transformer; 106: First output control module; 107: Second output control module; 20: Driving circuit; 201: First driving sub-circuit; 202: Second driving sub-circuit; 301: Low-voltage power supply part; 302: High-voltage power supply part; 303: Power management part; 304: Power supply load part; 305: Flyback power supply circuit part.

[0048] The above drawings illustrate specific embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and the textual description are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but rather to illustrate the concepts of the present application to those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, with examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, when referring to the drawings, identical numerals in different figures represent identical or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not intended to represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0050] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically specified.

[0051] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; and direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0052] KL30: A circuit that represents "normal power supply" or "direct battery power supply" in automotive electronic systems.

[0053] PCBA: Printed Circuit Board Assembly, printed circuit board assembly.

[0054] ASC: Active stability control.

[0055] In recent years, with the increasing maturity of new energy technologies, new energy vehicles have also seen significant development. Hybrid vehicles, new fuel cell vehicles, and the currently dominant pure electric vehicles all use new energy as their primary power source. As the core component of the power source of new energy vehicles, electric drive systems must possess high reliability, rapid response, and high safety.

[0056] The motor controller in an electric drive system efficiently converts the DC power provided by the power battery into AC power to drive the motor. The KL30, acting as the positive terminal of the battery, provides a stable DC power source to the motor controller, ensuring its proper operation. KL30 typically refers to a power source not controlled by the ignition switch and is a common power source in automobiles. Furthermore, the KL30 provides power to various onboard electronic devices through fuses and branch circuits, performing power management. This helps protect the motor controller and other electronic devices from voltage fluctuations and current overloads. Therefore, the stability and reliability of the KL30 are crucial to the proper operation of the entire electrical system.

[0057] In response to the above technical issues, such as Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a driving power supply 10, which is used to power a driving circuit 20. The driving circuit 20 includes a first driving sub-circuit 201. The driving power supply 10 includes:

[0058] A first DC power supply module 101 and a second DC power supply module 102, wherein the first DC power supply module 101 is configured to provide a first DC power, and the second DC power supply module 102 is configured to provide a second DC power, wherein the second DC power is greater than the first DC power;

[0059] a power management module 103, wherein an input end of the power management module 103 is connected to an output end of the first DC power module, and is configured to convert the first DC power into a third DC power;

[0060] a first transformer 104 , wherein the primary side of the first transformer 104 is connected to the output end of the power management module 103 , and is configured to convert the third direct current into the first alternating current through the first secondary side of the first transformer 104 ;

[0061] A second transformer 105, wherein the primary side of the second transformer 105 is connected to the output end of the second DC power supply module 102, and is configured to convert the second DC power provided by the second DC power supply module 102 into a second AC power through the first secondary side of the second transformer 105;

[0062] The first output control module 106 has a first input end connected to the first secondary side of the first transformer 104, a second input end connected to the first secondary side of the second transformer 105, and an output end connected to the input end of the first driver sub-circuit 201. The first output control module 106 is used to provide an input voltage to the first driver sub-circuit 201 according to the first alternating current when the second DC power supply module 102 is not powered on, and to provide an input voltage to the first driver sub-circuit 201 according to the first alternating current and the second alternating current after the second DC power supply module 102 is powered on.

[0063] The drive circuit 20 is the circuit used to drive the motor. It is a complete circuit system consisting of a driver IC, switching devices (such as MOS transistors and IGBTs), a power supply circuit, and a protection circuit. The driver IC is responsible for receiving control signals and driving the switching devices. The switching devices, in turn, are the components that actually control current. Together with the driver IC, they form the main body of the drive circuit 20. The drive circuit 20 is powered by the driver power supply 10.

[0064] In order to realize the forward and reverse rotation and precise control of the motor, the driving circuit 20 generally includes an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm, such as Figure 2 FIG. 2 shows a drive circuit 20 for a three-phase motor M provided in one embodiment, wherein the switching devices in the upper bridge arm are driven by an upper bridge driver IC, and the switching devices of the upper bridge arm and the upper bridge driver IC constitute an upper bridge driver sub-circuit; the switching devices in the lower bridge arm are driven by a lower bridge driver IC, and the switching devices of the lower bridge arm and the lower bridge driver IC constitute a lower bridge driver sub-circuit. The first driver sub-circuit 201 in the embodiment of the present application can be an upper bridge driver sub-circuit, a lower bridge driver sub-circuit, or both an upper bridge driver sub-circuit and a lower bridge driver sub-circuit.

[0065] The first DC module 101 is used to provide a first DC power supply and is typically the main power supply module for the drive circuit 20. Under normal circumstances, the first DC power provided by the first DC module 101 is processed and then used to power the first drive sub-circuit 201. For example, in the power supply system of an automotive motor controller, the first DC module 101 is the KL30 power supply on the vehicle, providing a low-voltage power supply for the motor controller. The first DC power supply is typically in the range of 9-16V, more precisely, 13V, and is powered by an onboard low-voltage battery.

[0066] In practical application scenarios, in order to improve the anti-interference and safety of the driving power supply 10, as Figure 3As shown, the first DC power supply module 101 is provided with an anti-reverse circuit 1012 and a filter circuit 1013 in addition to the first DC power supply 1011 . The first DC power supply 1011 is output after passing through the anti-reverse circuit 1012 and the filter circuit 1013 . The anti-reverse-current circuit 1012 is typically composed of a PMOS transistor (P-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) and a resistor and capacitor. When the positive and negative terminals of the first DC power supply 1011 are connected in reverse, the first DC power supply 1011 cannot flow into the subsequent circuit, thus preventing reverse-current. The filter circuit 1013 includes an EMC (Electro Magnetic Compatibility) circuit, typically composed of a TVS diode (Transient Voltage Suppressor Diode), a Zener diode, an ESD capacitor (Electrostatic Discharge) and a filter LC component. The ESD capacitor is used to suppress short-term, high-power electrostatic energy at the low-voltage interface, the Zener diode is used to prevent voltage fluctuations from damaging the device, the TVS diode is used to suppress transient voltage spikes, and the LC filter component is used to filter high-frequency noise signals such as interference voltage.

[0067] The KL30 low-voltage power supply is designed with anti-backflow and EMC circuits to achieve anti-interference and anti-disturbance. Furthermore, for the first DC module 101 in the driver power supply 10, the power supply signal's anti-interference performance is optimized in the motor controller PCBA power supply structure through LAYOUT routing, including ground wrapping, local grounding, vertical routing, and board layer routing.

[0068] The first DC module 101 further includes a switch circuit for controlling the on / off of the output current in the first DC module 101. Figure 4 As shown, the switch circuit is a controllable switch circuit 1014, which generally uses semiconductor devices (such as transistors, thyristors, etc.) as switching elements, and controls the circuit by controlling the on and off states of these devices. In the vehicle motor controller, the input end of the controllable switch circuit 1014 is linked to the vehicle CAN wake-up signal, ignition signal, etc. When the controllable switch circuit 1014 receives the above signals, it closes the switch to allow the voltage to flow into the subsequent load to power it, that is, Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the V_POS_KL30 signal is converted to the V_POS_KL30_1 signal.

[0069] The power management module 103 is used to convert the first DC power provided by the first DC power supply module 101 into the third DC power required by the first transformer 104. In one embodiment, the power management module 103 includes:

[0070] A power boost circuit 1031, wherein the input end of the power boost circuit 1031 is connected to the output end of the first DC power supply module 101; the power boost circuit 1031 is configured to convert the first DC power or the fourth DC power into a fifth DC power, where the fifth DC power is greater than the first DC power;

[0071] The power management chip circuit 1032 has an input end connected to the output end of the power boost circuit 1031 and an output end connected to the primary side of the first transformer 104 ; the power management chip circuit 1032 is used to convert the fifth DC power into the third DC power.

[0072] The power boost circuit 1031 is located between the power management chip circuit 1032 and the first DC power module 101 and the second DC power module 102, and is used to boost the input DC power and then input it into the power management chip circuit 1032 to ensure stable operation of the power management chip circuit 1032.

[0073] Specifically, the power management chip circuit 1032 consists of a PMIC (Power Management IC) chip and its peripheral circuitry, which filters and stabilizes the PMIC chip's output voltage. The power boost circuit 1031 typically consists of a traditional boost circuit, including diodes, inductors, MOS transistors, and generally capacitors. This circuitry provides voltage when the voltage on the PMIC chip's VST pin (voltage detection pin) drops abnormally, ensuring stable PMIC chip output.

[0074] In the power supply system of a vehicle motor controller, the power management module 103 is also used to power other loads. These other loads are circuits or other low-voltage load circuits required to ensure the safe operation of the vehicle motor controller. These include the MCU main control chip, ASC functional safety circuit, resolver sensor, CAN communication circuit, current sensor, and other analog and digital circuits. Each of these components has different load capacities. For example, the MCU chip requires a load power of 5V@300mA, while the current sensor only requires 5V@54mA. Therefore, the power management module 103 can provide a corresponding output voltage and current for each load based on the load power, rationally allocating the output voltage and current in the power supply architecture to ensure that the normal function of each component is not affected.

[0075] The second DC power supply module 102 is used to provide a second DC power, which generally refers to a backup power supply for the drive circuit 20. In an embodiment of the present application, the second DC power provided by the second DC power supply module 102 is greater than the first DC power provided by the first DC power supply module 101, and the second DC power supply is usually powered on after the first DC power supply is powered on. For example, in the power supply system of a vehicle motor controller, the first DC power supply is a KL30 low-voltage power supply, and the second DC power supply is a high-voltage bus power supply, which comes from the high-voltage battery of the entire vehicle. In order to ensure that the high-voltage bus is safely connected to the drive power supply, the second DC power supply module 102 also includes a filter and a voltage stabilization circuit.

[0076] Specifically, the high-voltage bus voltage first passes through a high-voltage filter to filter out the conducted interference from outside the controller, and then passes through a high-voltage film support capacitor to filter out the high-frequency noise of the power supply. The high-voltage voltage after passing through the film capacitor will be connected to the primary side of the second transformer 105.

[0077] In the embodiment of the present application, after the first DC power supply is powered on, the first DC power provided by the first DC power supply module 101 is processed by the power management module 103 and then input into the primary side of the first transformer 104. The third DC power is converted into the first AC power by the first secondary side of the first transformer 104, which can power the first driver sub-circuit 201. The structure of the first transformer 104 can be determined based on the motor being driven and the structure of the corresponding first driver sub-circuit 201. For example, the lower bridge driver sub-circuit of a three-phase motor requires three input signals. Therefore, the first transformer 104 has a one-input, three-output structure, and has three first secondary sides, each corresponding to one input of the lower bridge driver sub-circuit.

[0078] Similarly, after the second DC power supply is powered on, the second DC power provided by the second DC power supply module 102 is processed by the second transformer 105 and converted into a second AC power, which can power the first driver sub-circuit 201. For the lower bridge driver sub-circuit of a three-phase motor, since it requires three input signals, the second transformer 105 also has a one-input, three-output structure, and three first secondary sides, each corresponding to one input of the lower bridge driver sub-circuit.

[0079] During the above process, the first AC power output from the first secondary side of the first transformer 104 and the second AC power output from the first secondary side of the second transformer 105 flow to the first driver sub-circuit under the control of the first output control module 106. Specifically, the first output control module 106 detects the output of the first secondary side of the second transformer 105. If the first secondary side of the second transformer 105 has an output, the first output control module 106 connects the circuit between the first secondary side of the second transformer 105 and the first driver sub-circuit 201, thereby directing the second AC current to the first driver sub-circuit 201, thereby reducing the load power consumption of the first DC power supply.

[0080] In the driving power supply provided in the above embodiment, two transformers are used to provide power for the driving circuit, so that after the second DC power supply is powered on, the power load of the first DC power supply can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing the overall power consumption of the first DC power supply system and improving the reliability and stability of the first DC power supply system.

[0081] In one embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the first output control module 106 includes a first diode Q1 , the anode of the first diode Q1 is connected to the first secondary side of the first transformer 104 , and the cathode of the first diode Q1 is connected to the first secondary side of the second transformer 105 and the input end of the first driving sub-circuit 201 .

[0082] A diode has a forward bias (on state) and a reverse bias (off state) depending on the relative magnitude of the voltage at its positive (P) electrode and its negative (N) electrode. The anode of the first diode Q1 is connected to the first secondary side of the first transformer 104. Its anode voltage is the same as the output voltage of the first secondary side of the first transformer 104. Its cathode is connected to the first secondary side of the second transformer 105 and the input of the first driver sub-circuit 201. Its cathode voltage is determined by the output voltage of the first secondary side of the second transformer 105. Therefore, the state of the first diode Q1 is determined by both the output voltage of the first secondary side of the first transformer 104 and the output voltage of the first secondary side of the second transformer 105.

[0083] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the output voltage of the first secondary side of the second transformer 105 is set to be higher than the output voltage of the first secondary side of the first transformer 104. When the second DC power supply is not powered on, since the output voltage of the first secondary side of the second transformer 105 is 0, the positive electrode voltage of the first diode Q1 is greater than the negative electrode voltage. At this time, the first secondary side of the first transformer 104 supplies power to the first driver sub-circuit 201. After the second DC power supply is powered on, the output voltage of the first secondary side of the second transformer 105 is higher than the output voltage of the first secondary side of the first transformer 104, the positive electrode voltage of the first diode Q1 is lower than the negative electrode voltage. After the first diode Q1 is turned off, the first secondary side of the second transformer 105 supplies power to the first driver sub-circuit 201.

[0084] It should be noted that, since there is a closed loop between the transformer and the first driving sub-circuit 201, in an actual application scenario, in order to protect the circuits on both sides, the first output control module 106 further includes a third diode Q3, such as Figure 6 shown.

[0085] In the driving power supply provided in the above embodiment, the conduction characteristics of the diode itself are utilized to realize that after the second DC power supply is powered on, the second DC power supply supplies power to the first driving sub-circuit 201, without the need to set up an additional circuit module to monitor the power-on status of the second DC power supply.

[0086] In one embodiment, Figure 7 As shown, the first output control module 106 further includes a first voltage regulator LDO1 connected between the first secondary side of the first transformer 104 and the anode of the first diode Q1 , and the first voltage regulator LDO1 is used to adjust the magnitude of the first alternating current.

[0087] LDO (Low-dropout regulator, low voltage difference linear regulator) is used to stabilize the input voltage to a constant output voltage to provide a stable power supply for the load. The first voltage regulator LDO1 in the embodiment of the present application is used to stabilize the output voltage of the first secondary side of the first transformer 104 to provide it to the first drive sub-circuit. In addition, the first voltage regulator LDO1 in the embodiment of the present application is an adjustable LDO, and its output voltage can be adjusted according to the external circuit. In one embodiment, after the second DC power supply is powered on, the output voltage of the first voltage regulator LDO1 can be adjusted to reduce the positive voltage of the first diode Q1, so as to achieve the effect of the first drive sub-circuit 201 being completely powered by the second DC power supply, which can effectively reduce the load pressure of the first DC power supply.

[0088] In addition, when only the first DC power supply is powered on, the self-test function can be achieved by independently powering the first driving sub-circuit 201 through the first voltage regulator LDO1.

[0089] In one embodiment, Figure 8 As shown, the driving circuit 20 further includes a second driving sub-circuit 202;

[0090] The second secondary side of the first transformer 104 is connected to the input end of the second driving sub-circuit 202 . The first transformer 104 is further configured to convert the third direct current into a third alternating current via the second secondary side of the first transformer 104 .

[0091] The second driver sub-circuit 202 refers to the portion of the driver circuit 20 excluding the first driver sub-circuit 201. If the first driver sub-circuit 201 is a lower-bridge driver sub-circuit, the second driver sub-circuit 202 is an upper-bridge driver sub-circuit. The second driver sub-circuit 202 is powered by the first DC power supply module 101. The first DC power provided by the first DC power supply module 101 is processed by the power management module 103 and then divided by the first transformer 104. A portion of the DC power is supplied to the first driver sub-circuit 201 via the first secondary side, and a portion of the power is supplied to the second driver sub-circuit 202 via the second secondary side.

[0092] In an embodiment of the present application, when the driving circuit 20 includes a first driving sub-circuit 201 and a second driving sub-circuit 202, if the first DC power supply module 101 is powered on, the first DC power supply module 101 simultaneously supplies power to the first driving sub-circuit 201 and the second driving sub-circuit 202 through the voltage dividing effect of the first transformer 104; after the second DC power supply module 102 is powered on, according to the control of the first output control module 106, the first DC power supply module 101 supplies power to the second driving sub-circuit 202, and the second DC power supply module 102 supplies power to the first driving sub-circuit 201. Compared with the situation where all power is supplied by the first DC power supply module 101, the load power consumption of the first DC power supply module 101 can be reduced.

[0093] In one embodiment, Figure 9 As shown, the second secondary side of the second transformer 105 is also connected to the input end of the power management module 103, and the second transformer 105 is further used to convert the second DC power into a fourth DC power through the second secondary side of the second transformer 105;

[0094] The power management module 103 is further configured to convert the fourth direct current into a third direct current.

[0095] The second DC power provided by the second DC power supply module 102 is processed by the second transformer 105, and the backup power supply is output by the second secondary side and input into the power management module 103, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the drive circuit and other parts managed by the power management module 103 when the first DC power supply module 101 fails.

[0096] The magnitude of the fourth DC power is determined based on the voltage required at the input of the power management module 103, thereby determining the structural parameters of the second secondary side of the second transformer 105. Typically, to avoid the need for designing a separate processing circuit for the fourth DC power within the power management module 103, the magnitude of the fourth DC power is set to be similar to that of the first DC power, allowing the power management module 103 to share a common set of processing circuits.

[0097] In one embodiment, Figure 10 As shown, the driving power supply 10 further includes a second output control module 107, a first input end of the second output control module 107 is connected to the output end of the first DC power supply module 101, a second input end is connected to the second secondary side of the second transformer 105, and an output end is connected to the input end of the power management module 103;

[0098] The second output control module 107 is configured to control the second secondary side of the second transformer 105 to provide a fourth DC power to the power management module 103 after the first DC power provided by the first DC power supply module 101 is less than a preset threshold.

[0099] The second output control module 107 controls the output of the second secondary side of the second transformer 105 , and controls the second secondary side of the second transformer 105 to supply power to the power management module 103 when the first DC power supply module 101 fails.

[0100] Specifically, the second output control module 107 includes a second diode Q2 , an anode of the second diode Q2 is connected to the second secondary side of the second transformer 105 , and a cathode of the second diode Q2 is connected to the input end of the power management module 103 .

[0101] The second secondary side of the second transformer 105 serves as a backup power supply output. The magnitude of the fourth DC current is similar to the normal value of the first DC current and smaller than the first DC current. However, if the first DC power supply module 101 fails, the magnitude of the output first DC current will decrease. Therefore, on-off control of the circuit can be achieved based on the characteristics of the diode. For example, the anode of the second diode Q2 is connected to the second secondary side of the second transformer 105, and the cathode of the second diode Q2 is connected to the input of the power management module 103, that is, the output of the first DC power supply module 101. Under normal circumstances, the first DC current is greater than the fourth DC current, that is, the cathode voltage of the second diode Q2 is greater than the anode voltage, the second diode Q2 is in the off state, and the backup power supply is unloaded. After the first DC current abnormally decreases, the cathode voltage of the second diode Q2 is less than the anode voltage, and the backup power supply output from the second secondary side of the second transformer 105 supplies power to the power management module 103.

[0102] In the above process, based on the characteristics of the diode itself, there is no need to obtain the status of the first DC power supply module 101 and the second DC power supply module 102 in real time, and there is no need to design fault judgment logic to achieve timely access to the redundant power supply.

[0103] In one embodiment, the second output control module 107 further includes a second voltage regulator LDO2 , which is connected between the second secondary side of the second transformer 105 and the anode of the second diode Q2 .

[0104] When the second secondary side of the second transformer 105 provides backup power to the power management module 103 , a voltage stabilizer is usually designed in the circuit in consideration of the load condition to provide a stable output voltage for the subsequent circuit.

[0105] Similarly, the driving power supply 10 further includes a third voltage regulator LDO3 , which is connected between the power management chip circuit 1032 and the primary side of the first transformer 104 , and is used to provide a stable input voltage for the first transformer 104 .

[0106] In all the above embodiments, the first transformer 104 and the second transformer 105 are flyback transformers.

[0107] An embodiment of the present application further provides a motor controller, which includes the driving power supply mentioned in any of the above embodiments.

[0108] An embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned motor controller.

[0109] Below, taking the automotive motor controller as the application background, a PCBA power supply architecture for automotive motor controller is provided, such as Figure 11 As shown, the power supply architecture includes a low-voltage power supply part 301, a high-voltage power supply part 302, a power management part 303, a load power supply part 304 and a flyback power supply circuit part 305; wherein:

[0110] (1) The low-voltage power supply part 301 includes a low-voltage power input part, an anti-reverse circuit and an EMC circuit, as well as a controllable switch circuit; the low-voltage power input part is powered by an external low-voltage power supply, usually in the range of 9-16V. On the vehicle, this part is powered by the on-board low-voltage battery.

[0111] (2) The high-voltage power supply part 302 is powered by the high-voltage battery of the vehicle and is connected to the motor controller via the high-voltage bus. The bus voltage is first filtered by a high-voltage filter to remove the conducted interference from outside the controller, and then filtered by a high-voltage film support capacitor to remove the high-frequency noise of the power supply. The film capacitor also has the function of voltage stabilization and provides reactive power for the electric drive system. The high-voltage voltage after passing through the film capacitor will be connected to the PCBA of the motor controller to provide power for the output of the IGBT (Insulate-Gate Bipolar Transistor) or SiC module in the drive circuit, and participate in the power supply of high-voltage backup and other functions.

[0112] (3) The power management part 303 includes a power boost circuit and a power management chip circuit.

[0113] (4) The power supply load part 304 mainly includes important working modules in the electric drive system, which are powered by the output of the power management chip. They mainly include the MCU main control chip, the upper bridge driver IC, the lower bridge driver IC, the voltage divider circuit, the adjustable LDO, the ASC functional safety circuit, the resolver sensor or EDP, the CAN communication circuit, the current sensor and other analog and digital circuits.

[0114] The upper and lower bridge driver ICs, along with peripheral circuits, provide logic drive for the IGBT or SiC module, implementing SVPWM modulation of the motor. A voltage divider circuit powers the upper and lower bridge driver circuits, converting a single 30V voltage into dual outputs of 15V and -8V. Primarily composed of a transformer, it functions as both an inductor and a transformer at different times during a switching cycle.

[0115] When the switch is on, the transformer acts as an inductor. The input voltage is applied to the transformer's primary coil, and the current in the primary coil ramps up like an inductor, storing energy. However, the secondary diode blocks the circuit, preventing energy from being transferred to the secondary. When the switch is off, current cannot flow in the primary coil, and the induced electromotive force forces the secondary diode to conduct, transferring energy from the primary coil to the secondary coil and delivering it to the load. At this point, the flyback transformer acts as a transformer.

[0116] The advantages of using a transformer as the main component of the voltage divider circuit include its small size and simple power supply structure. The adjustable LDO steps down and stabilizes the input voltage, and its output serves as the power supply for chip self-tests. The ASC functional safety circuit, a key module for vehicle and personnel safety, protects the motor and electrical system by separately conducting the lower bridges of the motor's UV and W phases in abnormal situations such as excessive speed or sudden braking in the electric drive system, preventing damage.

[0117] (5) The flyback power supply circuit part 305 includes two flyback power supply control circuits, both of which include a flyback control chip and a voltage divider circuit; the first control circuit is powered by the high-voltage bus voltage as input, and passes through the voltage divider circuit controlled by the flyback control chip. The voltage divider circuit is mainly composed of a flyback transformer, with one input and four outputs. The outputs are three for powering the driving circuit of the three-phase lower bridge, and one as a high-voltage backup low-voltage output, used for powering the low-voltage circuit and the ASC. This backup low voltage can achieve a high-power long-term output of 9V@2A. The output voltage is supplied to low-voltage circuits such as the PMIC circuit through an anti-backflow diode.

[0118] Since the flyback power supply control circuit has already supplied power to the drive circuit of the three-phase lower bridge, and there is also a high-voltage backup low-voltage output, this allows the backup power supply to completely replace the function of the low-voltage power supply in abnormal situations such as interference, power failure, and power loss after the low-voltage power supply is started, with almost no response switching time; in the event of emergency dangers such as motor loss of control and vehicle collision, the ASC circuit that relies solely on the backup power supply can also ensure the safety and stability of the electric drive system, thereby achieving high reliability and high safety of the power supply architecture.

[0119] The second flyback control circuit is powered by a low voltage source. After passing through a voltage divider, the voltage is used to power the three-phase upper bridge drive circuit, with a load of approximately 100mA per circuit. Since the first control circuit powers the three-phase lower bridge drive circuit, in order to solve the problem of the three-phase lower bridge drive circuit being unable to start when the high voltage voltage is not supplied, the second control circuit also has a power supply output via an LDO, which is used to power the lower bridge during chip self-test.

[0120] Because the power supply for the six bridge arm drive circuits of the three phases is provided by the second flyback control circuit when the high voltage is not applied, and the power supply for the three-phase lower bridge drive circuit is provided by the first flyback control circuit after the high voltage is applied, this power supply architecture solution can reduce the load of the low voltage power supply after the high voltage power supply is connected, thereby reducing the overall power consumption of the system; and the second control circuit also has a power output through the LDO, so this solution can realize the chip self-test function when the high voltage is not applied; this solution not only has the ASC functional safety strategy, but also can ensure that the system continues to work when the low voltage is lost. When the power supply failure occurs under conditions such as when the vehicle is driving at high speed, it can ensure the safety of the vehicle and personnel.

Claims

1. A driving power supply, characterized in that: The driving power supply (10) is used to supply power to a driving circuit (20), wherein the driving circuit (20) comprises a first driving subcircuit (201), and the driving power supply (10) comprises: A first DC power supply module (101), the first DC power supply module (101) being used to provide a first DC power; a second DC power supply module (102), the second DC power supply module (102) being configured to provide a second DC power, the second DC power being greater than the first DC power; a power management module (103), the input end of the power management module (103) being connected to the output end of the first DC power supply module (101), and being used for converting the first DC power into a third DC power; a first transformer (104), the primary side of the first transformer (104) being connected to the output end of the power management module (103), and configured to convert the third direct current into a first alternating current through the first secondary side of the first transformer (104); a second transformer (105), the primary side of the second transformer (105) being connected to the output end of the second DC power supply module (102), and being configured to convert the second DC power provided by the second DC power supply module (102) into a second AC power via the first secondary side of the second transformer (105); a first output control module (106), wherein a first input end of the first output control module (106) is connected to a first secondary side of the first transformer (104), a second input end is connected to a first secondary side of the second transformer (105), and an output end is connected to an input end of the first drive subcircuit (201); the first output control module (106) is used to provide an input voltage to the first drive subcircuit (201) according to the first alternating current when the second DC power supply module (102) is not powered on, and to provide an input voltage to the first drive subcircuit (201) according to the first alternating current and the second alternating current after the second DC power supply module (102) is powered on; The second secondary side of the second transformer (105) is also connected to the input end of the power management module (103), and the second transformer (105) is further used to convert the second direct current into a fourth direct current through the second secondary side of the second transformer (105); The power management module (103) is further configured to convert the fourth direct current into a third direct current.

2. The driving power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first output control module (106) includes: A first diode (D1), wherein the anode of the first diode (D1) is connected to the first secondary side of the first transformer (104), and the cathode of the first diode (D1) is connected to the first secondary side of the second transformer (105) and the input end of the first driving sub-circuit (201).

3. The driving power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first output control module (106) further includes: A first voltage stabilizer is connected between the first secondary side of the first transformer (104) and the positive electrode of the first diode (D1), and is used to adjust the magnitude of the first alternating current.

4. The driving power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving circuit (20) further includes: A second driving subcircuit (202), wherein the second secondary side of the first transformer (104) is connected to the input end of the second driving subcircuit (202), and the first transformer (104) is further configured to convert the third direct current into a third alternating current via the second secondary side of the first transformer (104).

5. The driving power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving power supply (10) further includes: a second output control module (107), wherein a first input end of the second output control module (107) is connected to the output end of the first DC power supply module (101), a second input end is connected to the second secondary side of the second transformer (105), and an output end is connected to the input end of the power management module (103); The second output control module (107) is used to control the second secondary side of the second transformer (105) to provide a fourth direct current to the power management module (103) after detecting that the first direct current is less than a preset threshold.

6. The driving power supply according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second output control module (107) comprises: A second diode (D2), wherein the anode of the second diode (D2) is connected to the second secondary side of the second transformer (105), and the cathode of the second diode (D2) is connected to the input end of the power management module (103).

7. The driving power supply according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second output control module (107) further includes: A second voltage stabilizer is connected between the second secondary side of the second transformer (105) and the anode of the second diode (D2).

8. The driving power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The first DC power supply module (101) comprises a filter circuit (1013), an anti-reverse circuit (1012), and a first DC power supply (1011), which are sequentially connected to the input end of the power management module (103).

9. The driving power supply according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first DC power supply module (101) further includes: A controllable switch circuit (1014), wherein the input end of the controllable switch circuit (1014) is connected to the output end of the filter circuit (1013), the output end is connected to the input end of the power management module (103), and the control end receives a control signal; The controllable switch circuit (1014) is used to control the on / off of the output circuit of the first DC power supply module (101) according to the control signal.

10. The driving power supply according to claim 9, characterized in that: The power management module (103) comprises: a power boost circuit (1031), the input end of the power boost circuit (1031) being connected to the output end of the first DC power module (101); the power boost circuit (1031) being used to convert the first DC power or the fourth DC power into a fifth DC power, the fifth DC power being greater than the first DC power; A power management chip circuit (1032), wherein the input end of the power management chip circuit (1032) is connected to the output end of the power boost circuit (1031), and the output end is connected to the primary side of the first transformer (104); the power management chip circuit (1032) is used to convert the fifth direct current into the third direct current.

11. A motor controller, characterized in that: The motor controller includes the driving power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle includes the motor controller of claim 11 .

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