Equipment and method for the ecological utilization of channel dredging mud

Abstract

This invention discloses an equipment and method for the ecological utilization of dredged sludge from waterways, comprising: a screening machine, a chemical reactor, a microbial degradation tank, a mixer, and a conveyor belt; the mixer includes a mixer shell, with a top cover movably mounted on the upper end of the mixer shell, a second drive motor and an image processing module fixedly mounted on one side of the upper end of the top cover, and a drive gear installed inside the top cover at the output end of the second drive motor; a transmission gear ring, disposed inside the upper end of the top cover, meshing with the drive gear; and a vertical pipe, fixedly disposed on one side of the lower end of the transmission gear ring, with a third drive motor mounted inside the upper end of the vertical pipe, the third drive motor being fixed to the transmission gear ring. This invention improves mixing efficiency by incorporating an agglomeration monitoring structure inside the mixer shell in conjunction with an ultrasonic vibrating rod. When agglomerates are detected, the ultrasonic vibrating rod breaks them up.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological restoration technology, and in particular to a device and method for the ecological utilization of dredged mud from waterways. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the problem of disposing of large amounts of dredged soil generated during waterway maintenance has become increasingly prominent. Traditional landfill or dumping methods not only occupy valuable land resources but may also cause secondary pollution to the surrounding environment and threaten the ecological balance. With the increasing awareness of environmental protection and the continuous progress of science and technology, people have begun to actively explore more environmentally friendly and sustainable methods for dredged soil disposal.

[0003] To treat dredged soil more scientifically, screening machines are used to initially remove larger impurities and particles, laying the foundation for subsequent treatment. Chemical reactors adjust the pH value of the soil by adding agents and effectively fix heavy metal ions, reducing their environmental risks. Microbial degradation tanks are responsible for decomposing organic pollutants in the soil, further purifying it. Finally, after being uniformly mixed by a mixer, the treated soil is transported to a designated location for paving via a conveyor belt, realizing the resource utilization and ecological treatment of dredged soil.

[0004] During the above mixing process, if the moisture content of the dredged soil or other auxiliary materials is too high, the materials will adhere to each other, resulting in the formation of clumps during the mixing process. When clumps occur, the operation of the mixer must be stopped immediately to prevent further agglomeration and to avoid unnecessary damage to the mixer. The clumps are then broken up. This treatment method reduces work efficiency. Therefore, a device and method for the ecological utilization of channel dredged mud are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an equipment and method for the ecological utilization of dredged mud from waterways, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a device for the ecological utilization of channel dredging mud, comprising:

[0007] Screening machine, chemical reactor, microbial degradation tank, mixer and conveyor belt;

[0008] The mixer includes a mixer shell, a top cover is movably provided at the upper end of the mixer shell, a first drive motor is fixedly provided at the middle position of the upper end of the top cover, an inner frame is fixedly provided inside the mixer shell at the output end of the first drive motor, three stirring rods are provided below the inner frame and evenly distributed in a ring, a second drive motor and an image processing module are fixedly provided on one side of the upper end of the top cover, and a drive gear is installed inside the top cover at the output end of the second drive motor.

[0009] A transmission gear ring is disposed inside the upper part of the top cover and is rotatably connected to the top cover. The transmission gear ring is meshed with a drive gear.

[0010] A vertical tube is fixedly installed on one side of the lower end of the transmission gear ring. A third drive motor is installed at the upper end of the interior of the vertical tube. The third drive motor is fixed to the transmission gear ring. A drive screw is installed at the output end of the third drive motor. An electromagnet is threadedly connected to the external end of the drive screw. Side rails are provided on both sides of the interior of the vertical tube. The side rails are fixed to the vertical tube. The electromagnet is slidably connected to the side rails. A magnetic stainless steel slip ring is provided on the exterior of the vertical tube. The magnetic stainless steel slip ring is slidably connected to the vertical tube. A metal shielding ring is provided on the exterior of the magnetic stainless steel slip ring. The metal shielding ring is fixed to the magnetic stainless steel slip ring. A rubber block is provided on one side of the exterior of the metal shielding ring. The rubber block is fixed to the metal shielding ring. An ultrasonic vibrating rod is provided on one side of the exterior of the rubber block. The ultrasonic vibrating rod is fixedly connected to the rubber block.

[0011] A side frame is installed on the lower end of the transmission gear ring, away from the vertical tube. The side frame is fixed to the transmission gear ring. A camera and an ultrasonic sensor are installed on one side of the lower end of the side frame, and both the camera and the ultrasonic sensor are fixed to the side frame.

[0012] Preferably, the outer surface of the mixer housing is provided with three support frames evenly distributed in a ring, and the support frames are welded and fixed to the mixer housing. The support frames are used to support and fix the mixer housing.

[0013] Preferably, an electric valve is provided at the lower end of the mixing tank shell, and the electric valve is fixed to the discharge port of the mixing tank shell. The electric valve is used to control the discharge of the mixing tank shell. When the mixture is evenly mixed, the electric valve of the mixing tank shell is opened to discharge the material.

[0014] Preferably, the lower end of the inner frame is provided with a sleeve at the upper end of the outer side of the stirring rod, and the sleeve is fixed to the inner frame. The sleeve is used to restrict the stirring rod. When the stirring rod is raised to the inside of the sleeve by the electric telescopic rod, the stirring rod is driven to rotate by the rotation of the sleeve with the inner frame.

[0015] Preferably, the stirring rod is slidably connected to the sleeve, and an electric telescopic rod is provided at the upper end of the inner side of the sleeve, which is used to control the raising and lowering of the stirring rod.

[0016] Preferably, the upper end of the electric telescopic rod is fixed to the inner frame, and the lower end of the electric telescopic rod is equipped with a servo motor. When the electric telescopic rod drives the servo motor and the stirring rod to move downward, the servo motor extends out of the sleeve, and then the servo motor is activated to make the stirring rod at its output end flip towards the axis of the inner frame to the horizontal direction, thereby making it easier to avoid the ultrasonic vibrating rod.

[0017] Preferably, the upper end of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the lower end of the electric telescopic rod, and the output end of the servo motor is fixed to the upper end of the stirring rod.

[0018] Preferably, the lower end of the support frame is provided with a support foot, and the support foot is fixedly connected to the support frame. The support foot increases the contact area between the support frame and the ground, thereby improving the stability of the mixer shell when it is placed.

[0019] Preferably, a feed inlet is provided on one side of the upper end of the top cover, and the feed inlet is integrally formed with the top cover. The feed inlet is used to put materials into the outer shell of the mixer for subsequent mixing.

[0020] A method for the ecological utilization of dredged sludge from waterways, based on the aforementioned equipment for the ecological utilization of dredged sludge from waterways, includes the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Input the collected dredged soil into the screening machine, and remove large hard objects through the screening process;

[0022] Step 2: Pour the sieved material from Step 1 into the chemical reactor for chemical pretreatment. Add an appropriate amount of neutralizing agent to make the overall environment weakly alkaline, which is conducive to the adsorption of harmful substances.

[0023] Step 3: Place the processed material from Step 2 into a microbial degradation tank, add specially cultured probiotics to accelerate the decomposition of organic matter and eliminate residual toxins.

[0024] The probiotic flora includes lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, Gram-positive cocci, and yeast. This probiotic flora plays a crucial role in the microbial degradation tank, accelerating the decomposition of organic matter and eliminating residual toxins, thereby further purifying the materials. Through mechanisms such as producing digestive enzymes, they help the human body (or, in this case, the environment) better process and absorb (or decompose) harmful substances, while maintaining the microecological balance.

[0025] Step 4: Add other auxiliary materials to the product obtained in Step 3, and feed them into the mixing tank through the feed inlet to mix them together to obtain an artificial surface covering that meets the conditions for mangrove planting.

[0026] The other auxiliary materials include soil conditioners, nutrients, water-retaining agents, microbial agents, binders, fillers, and pH adjusters;

[0027] Among them, soil conditioners are used to improve soil structure and enhance soil aeration, water retention capacity and fertility. They include organic matter, such as humus and compost, and inorganic matter, such as gypsum, lime or compound conditioners.

[0028] Nutrients provide the essential nutrients for plant growth, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, including chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizers, or slow-release fertilizers; water-retaining agents are used to enhance the soil's water retention capacity, reduce water evaporation, and improve the plant's survival ability under drought conditions, including polymeric water-absorbing materials and natural water-retaining agents (such as humic acid).

[0029] In addition to the probiotics mentioned above, other beneficial microbial agents can be added to further promote the activity and ecological balance of soil microorganisms, including nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, and potassium-solubilizing bacteria.

[0030] Adhesives are used to improve the adhesion and stability of mixtures and prevent them from loosening or being lost during the laying process. They include inorganic cementitious materials such as cement, lime, and gypsum, or organic adhesives such as polymers.

[0031] Filler materials are used to adjust the volume and density of the mixture to better meet planting requirements, including inorganic materials such as sand, gravel, and slag, or organic materials such as coconut coir and sawdust.

[0032] pH adjusters are used to adjust the acidity or alkalinity of soil to make it more suitable for the growth of specific plants. These include inorganic pH adjusters such as lime, gypsum, and ferrous sulfate, or organic pH adjusters (such as humic acid and citric acid).

[0033] Step 5: Open the electric valve to discharge the material to the upper end of the conveyor belt, and then transport the material to the designated location for laying via the conveyor belt.

[0034] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for the ecological utilization of channel dredging mud, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] This invention involves collecting dredged soil, screening it, adjusting its pH value, fixing heavy metal ions, and decomposing organic pollutants before mixing it. The mixture is then conveyed to a designated location for laying. During the mixing process, if clumps form, a camera, image processing module, and ultrasonic sensor monitor the clumps in real time. This allows the ultrasonic vibrator to be moved to the clumps after the mixing process is paused. The high-frequency mechanical vibration generated by the ultrasonic vibrator directly acts on the clumps in the solid mixture, thereby breaking down the binding force between particles, making the clumps loose and breaking them into smaller particles. The ultrasonic vibrator can efficiently break up clumps in the solid mixture in a short time, thus solving the clumping problem, improving work efficiency, and addressing the problems mentioned in the background art. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the outer shell structure of the mixer of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 This is the invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of a portion of region A in the middle.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the sleeve of the present invention.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0041] 1. Screening machine; 2. Chemical reactor; 3. Microbial degradation tank; 4. Mixer shell; 5. Conveyor belt; 6. First drive motor; 7. Inner frame; 8. Sleeve; 9. Electric telescopic rod; 10. Servo motor; 11. Stirring rod; 12. Image processing module; 13. Second drive motor; 14. Drive gear; 15. Transmission gear ring; 16. Vertical pipe; 17. Side rail; 18. Third drive motor; 19. Drive screw; 20. Electromagnet; 21. Magnetic stainless steel slip ring; 22. Metal shielding ring; 23. Rubber block; 24. Ultrasonic vibrator; 25. Support frame; 26. Electric valve; 27. Feed inlet; 28. Side frame; 29. ​​Camera; 30. Ultrasonic sensor; 31. Top cover; 32. Base. Detailed Implementation

[0042] This invention provides a technical solution: a device for the ecological utilization of dredged mud from waterways. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 ,include:

[0043] 1. Screening machine; 2. Chemical reactor; 3. Microbial degradation tank; 4. Stirring mixer and conveyor belt; 5.

[0044] The mixer includes a mixer housing 4, with a top cover 31 movably mounted on the upper end of the mixer housing 4. The top cover 31 covers the upper opening of the mixer housing 4 and is detachably connected to the mixer housing 4 by bolts. A first drive motor 6 is fixedly mounted at the middle position of the upper end of the top cover 31. An inner frame 7 is fixedly mounted inside the mixer housing 4 at the output end of the first drive motor 6. Three stirring rods 11 are evenly distributed in a ring below the inner frame 7. A second drive motor 13 and an image processing module 12 are fixedly mounted on one side of the upper end of the top cover 31. A drive gear 14 is installed inside the top cover 31 at the output end of the second drive motor 13.

[0045] The transmission gear ring 15 is disposed at the upper inner end of the top cover 31, and the transmission gear ring 15 is rotatably connected to the top cover 31. The transmission gear ring 15 is meshed with the drive gear 14.

[0046] A vertical tube 16 is fixedly installed on one side of the lower end of the transmission gear ring 15. A third drive motor 18 is installed at the upper end of the interior of the vertical tube 16. The third drive motor 18 is fixed to the transmission gear ring 15. A drive screw 19 is installed at the output end of the third drive motor 18. An electromagnet 20 is threadedly connected to the outside of the drive screw 19. Side rails 17 are installed on both sides of the interior of the vertical tube 16. The side rails 17 are fixed to the vertical tube 16. The electromagnet 20 is slidably connected to the side rails 17. A magnetic stainless steel slip ring 21 is installed on the outside of the vertical tube 16. The magnetic stainless steel slip ring 21 is slidably connected to the vertical tube 16. A metal shielding ring 22 is installed on the outside of the magnetic stainless steel slip ring 21. The metal shielding ring 22 is fixed to the magnetic stainless steel slip ring 21. A rubber block 23 is installed on one side of the outside of the metal shielding ring 22. The rubber block 23 is fixed to the metal shielding ring 22. An ultrasonic vibrating rod 24 is installed on one side of the outside of the rubber block 23. The ultrasonic vibrating rod 24 is fixedly connected to the rubber block 23.

[0047] Side frame 28 is located on the lower end of transmission gear ring 15 away from vertical tube 16. Side frame 28 is fixed to transmission gear ring 15. Camera 29 and ultrasonic sensor 30 are installed on the lower side of side frame 28, and both camera 29 and ultrasonic sensor 30 are fixed to side frame 28.

[0048] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The outer surface of the mixer housing 4 is provided with three support frames 25 evenly distributed in a ring, and the support frames 25 are welded and fixed to the mixer housing 4. The support frames 25 are used to support and fix the mixer housing 4.

[0049] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 An electric valve 26 is provided at the lower end of the mixer housing 4, and the electric valve 26 is fixed to the discharge port of the mixer housing 4. The electric valve 26 is used to control the discharge of the mixer housing 4. When the mixture is evenly mixed, the electric valve 26 of the mixer housing 4 is opened to discharge the material.

[0050] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The lower end of the inner frame 7 is provided with a sleeve 8 at the upper end of the outer side of the stirring rod 11, and the sleeve 8 is fixed to the inner frame 7. The sleeve 8 is used to restrict the stirring rod 11. When the stirring rod 11 is raised to the inside of the sleeve 8 by the electric telescopic rod 9, the stirring rod 11 is driven to rotate by the sleeve 8 as it rotates with the inner frame 7.

[0051] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The stirring rod 11 is slidably connected to the sleeve 8. An electric telescopic rod 9 is provided at the upper end of the sleeve 8. The electric telescopic rod 9 is used to control the lifting and lowering of the stirring rod 11.

[0052] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The upper end of the electric telescopic rod 9 is fixed to the inner frame 7. The lower end of the electric telescopic rod 9 and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 9 are equipped with a servo motor 10. When the electric telescopic rod 9 drives the servo motor 10 and the stirring rod 11 to move downward, part of the servo motor 10 extends out of the sleeve 8. Then the servo motor 10 is activated so that the stirring rod 11 at its output end flips to the horizontal direction towards the axis of the inner frame 7, thereby making it easier to avoid the ultrasonic vibrating rod 24.

[0053] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The upper end of the servo motor 10 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the electric telescopic rod 9, and the output end of the servo motor 10 is fixed to the upper end of the stirring rod 11.

[0054] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The lower end of the support frame 25 is provided with a support foot 32, and the support foot 32 is fixedly connected to the support frame 25. The support foot 32 increases the contact area between the support frame 25 and the ground, thereby improving the stability of the mixer shell 4 when it is placed.

[0055] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The top cover 31 has a feed inlet 27 on one side of its upper end, and the feed inlet 27 is integrally formed with the top cover 31. The feed inlet 27 is used to put the material into the mixing shell 4 of the mixer for subsequent mixing.

[0056] A method for the ecological utilization of dredged sludge from waterways, based on the aforementioned equipment for the ecological utilization of dredged sludge from waterways, includes the following steps:

[0057] Step 1: Input the collected dredged soil into screening machine 1, and remove large hard objects through the screening process;

[0058] Step 2: Pour the sieved material from Step 1 into Chemical Reactor 2 for chemical pretreatment. Add an appropriate amount of neutralizing agent to make the overall environment weakly alkaline, which is conducive to the adsorption of harmful substances.

[0059] Step 3: Place the processed material from Step 2 into the microbial degradation tank 3, and introduce specially cultured probiotics to accelerate the decomposition of organic matter and eliminate residual toxins. The probiotics include lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, Gram-positive cocci, and yeast. The probiotics play an important role in the microbial degradation tank by producing digestive enzymes and other mechanisms to help the environment better process, absorb, or decompose harmful substances, while maintaining the microecological balance, accelerating the decomposition of organic matter, and eliminating residual toxins, thereby further purifying the material.

[0060] 1. Reference for strain ratio (by weight)

[0061]

[0062] Note: The actual mix ratio is dynamically adjusted according to the type of pollutants in the dredged sludge (such as petroleum hydrocarbons, heavy metals, pesticide residues, etc.).

[0063] 2. Culture condition parameters

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] 3. Data on the correlation between the degradation of organic pollutants

[0067] (1) Typical degradation efficiency (laboratory conditions)

[0068]

[0069] (2) Synergistic effect data

[0070] Enhanced enzyme activity: Extracellular enzyme activity of mixed microbial communities is 2.1-3.8 times higher than that of single microbial species (such as lipase and lignin peroxidase);

[0071] Toxin tolerance: The complex microbial community still maintains more than 75% degradation activity under 100 mg / kg heavy metal (Cd+Pb) pollution;

[0072] Degradation kinetics: The pollutant half-life (T1 / 2) is shortened to 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of that of pure chemical treatment;

[0073] Step 4: Add other auxiliary materials to the product obtained in Step 3, and feed them together into the mixing tank shell 4 through the feed inlet 27 to mix them evenly, so as to obtain an artificial surface covering material that meets the conditions for mangrove planting.

[0074] The other auxiliary materials include soil conditioners, nutrients, water-retaining agents, microbial agents, binders, fillers, and pH adjusters;

[0075] Among them, soil conditioners are used to improve soil structure and enhance soil aeration, water retention capacity and fertility. They include organic matter, such as humus and compost, and inorganic matter, such as gypsum, lime or compound conditioners.

[0076] Nutrients provide the essential nutrients for plant growth, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, including chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizers, or slow-release fertilizers; water-retaining agents are used to enhance the soil's water retention capacity, reduce water evaporation, and improve the plant's survival ability under drought conditions, including polymeric water-absorbing materials and natural water-retaining agents (such as humic acid).

[0077] In addition to the probiotics mentioned above, other beneficial microbial agents can be added to further promote the activity and ecological balance of soil microorganisms, including nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, and potassium-solubilizing bacteria.

[0078] Adhesives are used to improve the adhesion and stability of mixtures and prevent them from loosening or being lost during the laying process. They include inorganic cementitious materials such as cement, lime, and gypsum, or organic adhesives such as polymers.

[0079] Filler materials are used to adjust the volume and density of the mixture to better meet planting requirements, including inorganic materials such as sand, gravel, and slag, or organic materials such as coconut coir and sawdust.

[0080] pH adjusters are used to adjust the acidity or alkalinity of soil to make it more suitable for the growth of specific plants. These include inorganic pH adjusters such as lime, gypsum, and ferrous sulfate, or organic pH adjusters (such as humic acid and citric acid).

[0081] Step 5: Open the electric valve 26 to discharge the material to the upper end of the conveyor belt 5, and then transport the material to the designated location for laying via the conveyor belt 5;

[0082] First, the collected dredged soil is fed into screening machine 1. After screening to remove large hard objects, it enters chemical reactor 2 for chemical pretreatment. An appropriate amount of neutralizing agent is added to make the whole mixture weakly alkaline, which is conducive to the adsorption of certain types of harmful substances.

[0083] It is then placed in the microbial degradation tank 3, and specially cultured probiotics are added to accelerate the decomposition of organic matter and further eliminate residual toxins. The modified product is then fed into the mixing tank 4 along with other excipients through the feed inlet 27 for mixing.

[0084] During mixing, the first drive motor 6 is started, causing the inner frame 7 to rotate, which in turn drives the stirring rod 11 to perform stirring. The camera 29 is connected to the image processing module 12 through a network interface. The ultrasonic sensor 30 is connected to the image processing module 12 or an independent controller through an analog or digital interface (such as I2C, SPI). The image processing module 12 (or controller) is connected to the host computer or control system through serial port, Ethernet or other communication methods. The camera 29 acquires images of the mixture in real time and transmits them to the image processing module 12. The image processing module 12 preprocesses and extracts features from the received images to determine whether there is agglomeration of the material. At the same time, the ultrasonic sensor 30 measures the distance or reflection intensity of the mixture surface to provide additional material status information. The image processing module 12 integrates the data from the image processing and ultrasonic sensor to make a final judgment and sends the result to the host computer or control system through the communication interface.

[0085] The mixture is monitored in real time by camera 29, image processing module 12 and ultrasonic sensor 30. The acquired images are processed by image processing algorithms, such as grayscale, binarization, edge detection and morphological processing, to extract the material's feature information. By analyzing the material's shape, texture, color and other features, as well as the dynamic changes of the material during the stirring process, it can be preliminarily determined whether the material has agglomeration. If the material presents an irregular large block shape in the image, or if the material is unevenly distributed and has obvious agglomeration, it may indicate that agglomeration exists.

[0086] Image processing module algorithm example code and block recognition effect comparison data

[0087] Image processing algorithm example code (Python, using OpenCV)

[0088] Python

[0089] importcv2

[0090] importnumpyasnp defprocess_image(image):

[0091] #Grayscale

[0092] gray=cv2.cvtColor(image,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

[0093] #Binarization

[0094] _,binary=cv2.threshold(gray,127,255,cv2.THRESH_BINARY)

[0095] #Edge Detection

[0096] edges=cv2.Canny(binary,50,150)

[0097] #Morphological processing (closing operation, filling holes)

[0098] kernel=np.ones((5,5),np.uint8)

[0099] closed=cv2.morphologyEx(edges,cv2.MORPH_CLOSE,kernel)

[0100] #Find the outline

[0101] contours,_=cv2.findContours(closed,cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL,cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)

[0102] #Analyze the outline to determine the clusters

[0103] forcontourincontours:

[0104] area=cv2.contourArea(contour)

[0105] ifarea>1000: #Assuming the large area threshold is 1000

[0106] print("There may be clusters")

[0107] cv2.drawContours(image,[contour],-1,(0,0,255),2)

[0108] returnimage

[0109] #Assuming the image is a frame captured from a camera.

[0110] #image=cv2.imread('path_to_image')

[0111] #processed_image=process_image(image)

[0112] #cv2.imshow('ProcessedImage',processed_image)

[0113] #cv2.waitKey(0)

[0114] #cv2.destroyAllWindows()

[0115] Comparison of Block Recognition Results

[0116]

[0117] Key Indicator Explanation

[0118] 1. Correct recognition rate:

[0119] Obvious clumping: 96.7% (29 / 30)

[0120] Slight clumping: 80.0% (24 / 30)

[0121] High-noise scenarios: 75.0% (15 / 20)

[0122] 2. False positive rate:

[0123] Normal materials were mistakenly identified as agglomerated: 4% (2 / 50)

[0124] False positives in high-noise scenes: 25% (5 / 20)

[0125] 3. False negative rate:

[0126] Slight clumping: 20% (6 / 30)

[0127] Obvious clumping: 3.3% (1 / 30)

[0128] Real-time performance:

[0129] The average processing time is 15-20ms / frame, which meets the requirements of real-time monitoring (assuming the camera frame rate is ≤30fps).

[0130] The ultrasonic sensor 30 emits ultrasonic pulses. These pulses propagate through the material and are reflected when they encounter agglomerates or other obstacles. Agglomerates typically reflect stronger ultrasonic signals because they have a larger volume and a more irregular surface. By analyzing the intensity of the reflected signal, the reflection from agglomerates and the material itself can be distinguished. The ultrasonic sensor 30 can emit ultrasonic pulses of different frequencies. The frequency characteristics of the signal reflected by agglomerates may differ from those of the material itself. By analyzing the frequency characteristics of the reflected signal, the accuracy of identification can be further improved. The sensor receives the reflected ultrasonic signal and converts it into an electrical signal for processing. By analyzing the signal characteristics of the reflected wave, such as wave speed, amplitude, and frequency, the internal structure and state of the material can be determined. If agglomerates are present inside the material, the ultrasonic waves will encounter obstacles during propagation, causing changes in the signal characteristics of the reflected wave, such as a decrease in wave speed and an increase in amplitude. By comparing the ultrasonic signal with that of normal material, the presence of agglomerates can be identified.

[0131] The data collected by camera 29 and ultrasonic sensor 30 are fused together: First, the image collected by camera 29 is preprocessed, including grayscale conversion, filtering and noise reduction, edge detection, etc., to extract key feature information of the material, such as shape, texture, color, etc. The data collected by ultrasonic sensor 30 is processed, including time gating, signal strength analysis, frequency analysis, etc., to extract reflection signal features related to agglomeration. Since the operating frequency and data acquisition speed of camera 29 and ultrasonic sensor 30 may be different, it is necessary to synchronize the collected data in time. This can be achieved by hardware triggering or software algorithm to ensure that the data collected by the two sensors correspond to the same time point or time period. The feature information of each is extracted from the preprocessed image of camera 29 and data of ultrasonic sensor 30.

[0132] For example, features such as the shape and texture of materials can be extracted from images, and features such as the intensity and frequency of reflected signals can be extracted from ultrasonic data. The extracted feature information can be fused, which can be achieved through feature-level fusion. That is, the feature information of the two sensors is combined according to certain rules or algorithms to form a comprehensive feature vector. Based on the fused feature vector, machine learning, deep learning or traditional pattern recognition algorithms are used for decision making. The decision results are then post-processed, such as removing noise and smoothing the results, to improve the accuracy and reliability of detection. The fusion algorithm and decision system are optimized according to the needs of the actual application scenario to improve detection efficiency and performance. Appropriate algorithms and tools are selected according to actual needs. The OpenCV library is used to process camera images, and programming languages ​​such as MATLAB or Python are used to implement data fusion and decision making.

[0133] To improve the accuracy and reliability of detection, the results of image processing and ultrasonic detection are combined to make a comprehensive judgment on the material agglomeration. The camera 29 and the image processing module 12 collect and analyze the image information of the material to extract the characteristics of the material and determine whether there is agglomeration. The ultrasonic sensor 30 transmits and receives ultrasonic signals to analyze the internal structure and state of the material and further confirm the existence of agglomeration. The combination of the two technologies can realize real-time monitoring and accurate judgment of the agglomeration of materials inside the mixer.

[0134] Simultaneously, the second drive motor 13 is controlled to rotate the drive gear 14. The transmission gear ring 15 rotates under the meshing action with the drive gear 14, thereby driving the side frame 28 to rotate, increasing the monitoring range and further improving the monitoring accuracy. When agglomeration is detected, the first drive motor 6 is stopped, and the electric telescopic rod 9 pushes the servo motor 10 and the stirring rod 11 out of the sleeve 8. Then, the servo motor 10 controls the stirring rod 11 to flip upward to the horizontal direction, and the third drive motor 18 is started to rotate the drive screw 19. The electromagnet 20 and the drive screw 19 rotate under the threaded engagement and the sliding connection of the side rail 17. The motion is converted into linear lifting and lowering motion of electromagnet 20, which in turn attracts magnetic stainless steel slip ring 21 to drive ultrasonic vibrating rod 24 to lift and lower. Metal shielding ring 22 is a commonly used electromagnetic shielding measure. It is made of conductive material (such as metal) and can absorb, reflect or guide the energy of electromagnetic field, thereby weakening or eliminating the influence of electromagnetic field on internal circuits and components of equipment. Metal shielding ring 22 can intercept the electromagnetic field generated by electromagnet 20 and prevent it from penetrating into the space where ultrasonic vibrating rod 24 is located. Ultrasonic vibrating rod 24 can work in a relatively electromagnetic interference-free environment, thereby avoiding damage caused by electromagnetic field.

[0135] The electromagnet 20 is powered by a DC power supply and its on / off state is controlled by a controller via a relay or drive circuit. It is also protected by a fuse and a reverse diode. Its casing and the metal shielding ring 22 are grounded together to suppress electromagnetic interference. The drive screw 19 is driven by a stepper or servo motor and receives commands via pulse / analog signals. Combined with an encoder, it achieves closed-loop position feedback to ensure precise lifting and lowering. The magnetic stainless steel slip ring 21 is attracted by the electromagnet as a mechanical connector and works with the shielding ring to block the influence of the magnetic field on the ultrasonic vibrating rod 24. During control, after the user sets the target position, the electromagnet is first energized to attract the slip ring. The motor drives the screw to rotate, which is converted into linear motion. The encoder provides real-time position feedback. Once the target position is reached, the attraction is maintained. If an abnormality occurs, a shutdown alarm is triggered. At the same time, the electromagnet current is adjusted by PWM to optimize the attraction force. With the addition of temperature monitoring and physical limit protection, the equipment is ultimately guaranteed to operate stably in an environment free from electromagnetic interference.

[0136] Rubber block 23, as a soft yet tough material, can act as a buffer and protector. Combined with the rotation of the transmission gear ring 15, it moves the ultrasonic vibrator 24 to the agglomerate. The ultrasonic vibrator 24 converts electrical energy into high-frequency mechanical vibration through a transducer. This vibration propagates in the solid mixture in the form of ultrasound. Ultrasound has the characteristics of high frequency, concentrated energy, and strong penetrating power, which can generate strong vibration and energy concentration effects within the solid mixture. The high-frequency mechanical vibration generated by the ultrasonic vibrator 24 also directly acts on the agglomerates in the solid mixture. This vibration causes the particles inside the agglomerates to undergo violent relative motion, thereby destroying the binding force between particles. Over time, this vibration effect gradually loosens the agglomerates and breaks them into smaller particles. The ultrasonic vibrator 24 can efficiently break up agglomerates in the solid mixture in a short time, improving production efficiency. The propagation of ultrasound in the solid mixture is uniform, thus ensuring that the agglomerates are fully broken up at all locations.

[0137] Then, the ultrasonic vibrator 24 is turned off and its reset is controlled. The servo motor 10 controls the stirring rod 11 to flip downward to a vertical state. The electric telescopic rod 9 and the electric servo motor 10 rise so that the stirring rod 11 is retracted into the sleeve 8. The first drive motor 6 is controlled to make the inner frame 7 rotate so that the stirring rod 11 continues to perform stirring and mixing operations. After stirring is completed, the electric valve 26 is controlled to discharge the material to the conveyor belt 5. Finally, an artificial surface covering material that meets the conditions for mangrove planting is obtained. It is transported to the designated location for laying by the conveyor belt 5. The equipment at the lower end of the inner frame 7 and the equipment at the lower end of the transmission gear ring 15 are connected by electromagnetic slip rings.

[0138] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0139] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for the ecological utilization of channel dredging mud, characterized in that, include: Screening machine (1), chemical reactor (2), microbial degradation tank (3), stirring mixer and conveyor belt (5); The mixer includes a mixer shell (4), a top cover (31) is movably provided on the upper end of the mixer shell (4), a first drive motor (6) is fixedly provided at the middle position of the upper end of the top cover (31), an inner frame (7) is fixedly provided inside the mixer shell (4) at the output end of the first drive motor (6), three stirring rods (11) are evenly distributed in a ring below the inner frame (7), a second drive motor (13) and an image processing module (12) are fixedly provided on one side of the upper end of the top cover (31), and a drive gear (14) is installed inside the top cover (31) at the output end of the second drive motor (13). A transmission gear ring (15) is disposed on the upper inner part of the top cover (31), and the transmission gear ring (15) is rotatably connected to the top cover (31). The transmission gear ring (15) is meshed with the drive gear (14). A vertical tube (16) is fixedly installed on one side of the lower end of a transmission gear ring (15). A third drive motor (18) is installed at the upper end of the interior of the vertical tube (16). The third drive motor (18) is fixed to the transmission gear ring (15). A drive screw (19) is installed at the output end of the third drive motor (18). An electromagnet (20) is threaded onto the external end of the drive screw (19). Side rails (17) are provided on both sides of the interior of the vertical tube (16). The side rails (17) are fixed to the vertical tube (16). The electromagnet (20) is slidably connected to the side rails (17). 6) is provided with a magnetic stainless steel slip ring (21) on the outside, and the magnetic stainless steel slip ring (21) is slidably connected to the vertical pipe (16). The magnetic stainless steel slip ring (21) is provided with a metal shielding ring (22) on the outside, and the metal shielding ring (22) is fixed to the magnetic stainless steel slip ring (21). A rubber block (23) is provided on one side of the metal shielding ring (22), and the rubber block (23) is fixed to the metal shielding ring (22). An ultrasonic vibrating rod (24) is provided on one side of the rubber block (23), and the ultrasonic vibrating rod (24) is fixedly connected to the rubber block (23). A side frame (28) is set on the side of the lower end of the transmission gear ring (15) away from the vertical tube (16). The side frame (28) is fixed to the transmission gear ring (15). A camera (29) and an ultrasonic sensor (30) are installed on one side of the lower end of the side frame (28), and both the camera (29) and the ultrasonic sensor (30) are fixed to the side frame (28). The lower end of the inner frame (7) is provided with a sleeve (8) at the upper end of the outside of the stirring rod (11), and the sleeve (8) is fixed to the inner frame (7); The stirring rod (11) is slidably connected to the sleeve (8), and an electric telescopic rod (9) is provided at the upper end of the inner side of the sleeve (8). The upper end of the electric telescopic rod (9) is fixed to the inner frame (7), and the lower end of the electric telescopic rod (9) is equipped with a servo motor (10). The upper end of the servo motor (10) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the electric telescopic rod (9), and the output end of the servo motor (10) is fixed to the upper end of the stirring rod (11).

2. The equipment for the ecological utilization of channel dredging mud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shell (4) of the mixer is provided with three support frames (25) evenly distributed in a ring, and the support frames (25) are welded and fixed to the outer shell (4).

3. The equipment for the ecological utilization of channel dredging mud according to claim 2, characterized in that: An electric valve (26) is provided at the lower end of the mixing tank shell (4), and the electric valve (26) is fixed to the discharge port of the mixing tank shell (4).

4. The equipment for the ecological utilization of channel dredging mud according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower end of the support frame (25) is provided with a support foot (32), and the support foot (32) is fixedly connected to the support frame (25).

5. The equipment for the ecological utilization of channel dredging mud according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top cover (31) has a feed inlet (27) on one side of its upper end, and the feed inlet (27) is integrally formed with the top cover (31).

6. A method for the ecological utilization of dredged sludge from waterways, comprising the equipment for the ecological utilization of dredged sludge as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Input the collected dredged soil into the screening machine (1) and remove large hard objects through the screening process; Step 2: Pour the sieved material from Step 1 into the chemical reactor (2) for chemical pretreatment. Add a neutralizing agent to make the whole mixture weakly alkaline, which is conducive to the adsorption of harmful substances. Step 3: Place the processed material from Step 2 into the microbial degradation tank (3), add probiotics to accelerate the decomposition of organic matter and eliminate residual toxins; the probiotics include lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, Gram-positive cocci and yeast, and the culture conditions of the probiotics are: temperature controlled at 25-35℃, pH controlled at 6.0-7.5 and adjusted in stages, dissolved oxygen maintained at 0.5-2mg / L in a micro-aerobic environment, carbon-nitrogen ratio controlled at 25:1-30:1, and hydraulic retention time of 48-72 hours; Step 4: Add other auxiliary materials to the product obtained in Step 3, and put them into the mixing tank (4) through the feed inlet (27) to mix them together to obtain an artificial surface covering that meets the planting conditions of mangroves; the other auxiliary materials include soil conditioner, nutrients, water-retaining agents, microbial agents, adhesives, filler materials and pH adjusters. Step 5: Open the electric valve (26) to discharge the material to the upper end of the conveyor belt (5), and transport the material to the designated location for laying via the conveyor belt (5).

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