Light photovoltaic glass with high light transmittance and high strength as well as preparation method and application of light photovoltaic glass

Abstract

The invention discloses high-light-transmittance and high-strength light photovoltaic glass as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The light photovoltaic glass comprises a glass substrate and an anti-reflection layer laminated on the surface of the glass substrate, wherein the thickness of the glass substrate is set to be 0.3-1.6 mm, and the glass substrate is made of soda-lime glass with the aluminum oxide content being lower than 1.2 wt%, or medium-aluminum glass with the aluminum oxide content being 4.0-10.0 wt%, or high-aluminum glass with the aluminum oxide content being not lower than 13.0 wt%; the glass substrate is also subjected to chemical strengthening treatment by adopting an ion exchange process, and the surface stress of the glass substrate is not lower than 450.0 MPa; wherein the anti-reflection layer is arranged to be of a single-layer or multi-layer structure, and the anti-reflection layer is formed by coating the surface of the glass substrate with anti-reflection liquid and curing the anti-reflection liquid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic glass, and particularly relates to a lightweight photovoltaic glass with high light transmittance and high strength, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the intensification of the global energy crisis and the increasing demand for environmental protection, solar photovoltaic power generation, as a clean and renewable energy source, has become an important part of the energy strategies of various countries. As a key material for photovoltaic modules, photovoltaic glass plays a crucial role. It not only needs to have the characteristic of high light transmittance to ensure the efficient utilization of solar energy, but also needs to have sufficient mechanical strength to resist impacts and pressures in the natural environment. In addition, photovoltaic glass should also meet the requirement of being lightweight to reduce transportation, installation, and system costs.

[0003] However, existing photovoltaic glass often affects its mechanical strength while achieving high light transmittance. Traditional photovoltaic glass generally has good light transmittance, but its mechanical strength is low, and it is prone to cracking under environmental conditions such as wind force, snow load, or temperature difference changes. At the same time, traditional photovoltaic glass is also relatively heavy, which will greatly increase the overall weight of photovoltaic modules, thus affecting the convenience of installation and transportation of photovoltaic modules. Therefore, to meet the requirements of the photovoltaic industry for high-performance photovoltaic glass, there is an urgent need for a photovoltaic glass with high light transmittance, high strength, and lightweight. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is: aiming at the problem that existing photovoltaic glass is difficult to meet the requirements of both high light transmittance and mechanical strength, and aiming at the problem that existing photovoltaic glass is relatively heavy, which is not conducive to the installation and transportation of photovoltaic modules, a lightweight photovoltaic glass with high light transmittance and high strength is proposed to solve the above problems.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a lightweight photovoltaic glass with high light transmittance and high strength, which includes a glass substrate and an antireflection layer laminated on the surface of the glass substrate;

[0007] Wherein, the thickness of the glass substrate is set to 0.3 - 1.6 mm, the glass substrate is made of soda-lime glass with an alumina content of less than 1.2 wt%, or the glass substrate is made of medium-aluminum glass with an alumina content of 4.0 - 10.0 wt%, or the glass substrate is made of high-aluminum glass with an alumina content of not less than 13.0 wt%; the glass substrate is also chemically strengthened by an ion exchange process, and the surface stress of the glass substrate is not less than 450.0 MPa;

[0008] Among them, the anti-reflection layer is set to a single-layer or multi-layer structure, and the anti-reflection layer is formed by coating an anti-reflection liquid on the surface of the glass substrate and curing.

[0009] Further, a lightweight photovoltaic glass with high light transmittance and high strength: The glass substrate uses soda-lime glass with an alumina content of less than 1.2 wt%, and it includes the following components in mass fractions: silica 70.0 - 71.0%, calcium oxide 11.0 - 13.0%, sodium oxide 12.0 - 14.0%, magnesium oxide 2.0 - 3.0%, alumina 0.3 - 1.1%, and trace elements < 0.9%; The trace elements include at least one of Cr2O3, Sb2O3, As2O3, PbO, Fe2O3, and ZrO2.

[0010] Further, a lightweight photovoltaic glass with high light transmittance and high strength: The glass substrate uses medium-aluminum glass with an alumina content of 4.0 - 10.0 wt%, and it includes the following components in mass fractions: silica 69.0 - 71.0%, calcium oxide 8.0 - 9.0%, sodium oxide 8.0 - 10.0%, potassium oxide 1.0 - 2.0%, magnesium oxide 2.0 - 4.0%, alumina 4.0 - 10.0 wt%, and trace elements < 0.9%; The trace elements include at least one of Cr2O3, Sb2O3, As2O3, PbO, Fe2O3, and ZrO2.

[0011] Further, a lightweight photovoltaic glass with high light transmittance and high strength: The glass substrate uses high-aluminum glass with an alumina content of not less than 13.0 wt%, and it includes the following components in mass fractions: silica 55.0 - 65.0%, calcium oxide 4.0 - 6.0%, sodium oxide 5.0 - 10.0%, magnesium oxide 5.0 - 10.0%, alumina 13.0 - 25.0 wt%, and trace elements < 0.9%; The trace elements include at least one of Cr2O3, Sb2O3, As2O3, PbO, Fe2O3, and ZrO2.

[0012] Further, a lightweight photovoltaic glass with high light transmittance and high strength: The thickness of the anti-reflection layer is set to 0.1 - 0.3 μm.

[0013] The present invention also provides a preparation method of a lightweight photovoltaic glass with high light transmittance and high strength, and this method includes the following steps:

[0014] S1. According to the component contents of the glass substrate, weigh the corresponding components and mix them, and melt them to form glass liquid;

[0015] S2. Cool the glass liquid, and then press it to obtain a glass substrate;

[0016] S3. Preheat the glass substrate, and then immerse it in molten lithium salt or potassium salt for ion exchange;

[0017] S4. After the chemical strengthening treatment of ion exchange on the glass substrate is completed, coat an antireflection liquid on the surface of the glass substrate and perform a curing treatment to obtain a lightweight photovoltaic glass with high light transmittance and high strength.

[0018] Further, a preparation method of a lightweight photovoltaic glass with high light transmittance and high strength: In step S3, the preheating temperature of the glass substrate is 380 - 460 °C, and the time for ion exchange is 10 - 250 minutes; in step S4, the curing temperature is 200 - 300 °C, and the curing time is 10 - 30 minutes.

[0019] Further, a preparation method of a lightweight photovoltaic glass with high light transmittance and high strength: In step S3, the lithium salt is selected from lithium nitrate or lithium sulfate, and the potassium salt is selected from potassium nitrate or potassium sulfate.

[0020] Further, a preparation method of a lightweight photovoltaic glass with high light transmittance and high strength: The antireflection liquid in step S4 includes the following components by mass fraction: antireflection particles 40.0 - 50.0%, polyethylene glycol 10.0 - 15.0%, tetraethyl titanate 5.0 - 10.0%, ammonia water 3.0 - 8.0%, ethanol 20.0 - 30.0%, ammonium fluoride 0.1 - 0.5%, polyvinylpyrrolidone 3.0 - 8.0%;

[0021] Among them, the antireflection particles are selected from one or more of silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, silicon nitride, and aluminum oxide, and the particle size of the antireflection particles is 10.0 - 30.0 nm.

[0022] The present invention also provides an application of a lightweight photovoltaic glass with high light transmittance and high strength, using the lightweight photovoltaic glass with high light transmittance and high strength as the front plate glass or back plate glass of a photovoltaic module.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0024] (1) This high light transmittance, high strength, and lightweight photovoltaic glass of the present invention uses chemical strengthening treatment technology to increase the stress on the surface of the glass substrate, significantly improving the bending strength and impact resistance of the glass substrate. At the same time, this photovoltaic glass of the present invention also coats an antireflection layer on the surface of the glass substrate, and effectively improves the light transmittance of the photovoltaic glass and enhances the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module through the optimized design of the antireflection liquid composition. In addition, by optimizing the material formula of the glass substrate and performing chemical strengthening treatment with special ion exchange, the thickness of the glass substrate remains relatively thin while still having high strength, and the relatively thin thickness of the glass substrate has a significant improvement effect on the improvement of the light transmittance and weight reduction of this photovoltaic glass, thereby facilitating the subsequent transportation and installation after this photovoltaic glass is made into a photovoltaic module.

[0025] (2) The photovoltaic glass of the present invention not only has excellent light transmittance, strength, and impact resistance, but also has a relatively light weight, significantly improving the overall performance and economy of the photovoltaic module. This lightweight photovoltaic glass designed by the present invention can effectively solve the problem that traditional photovoltaic glass cannot have both light transmittance, strength, weight, etc. at the same time, can adapt to the changing design of photovoltaic modules and market demands, and promote the development of photovoltaic industry technology. The photovoltaic glass of the present invention is superior to conventional high light transmittance glass in terms of light transmittance, strength, surface stress, and light weight, has better photoelectric conversion efficiency and stronger impact resistance, and at the same time reduces the weight of the photovoltaic module, facilitating transportation and installation.

[0026] (3) This photovoltaic glass of the present invention can make the glass substrate have high strength even with a relatively thin thickness through the optimization of the glass substrate formula and special chemical strengthening treatment. Specifically, the thickness of the photovoltaic glass of the present invention can be controlled at a relatively thin thickness of 0.3 - 1.6 mm, which can significantly reduce its weight compared to traditional photovoltaic glass, making transportation and installation more convenient. At the same time, it can ensure that the surface stress of the photovoltaic glass is maintained at 450 - 610 MPa, which can make it have strong impact resistance and effectively resist external impacts. At the same time, through the self-made antireflection material of the present invention, it can very effectively reduce light reflection and scattering, making the light transmittance better than that of traditional high light transmittance glass, and can significantly increase the power generation in large-scale photovoltaic power generation, bringing considerable economic benefits. Description of the Drawings

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a high light transmittance, high strength and lightweight photovoltaic glass provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0029] Markings in the figure: 1 - glass substrate, 2 - antireflection layer. Specific embodiments

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and in no way restricts the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", etc. is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. Moreover, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily need to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] As Figure 1 shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a high light transmittance, high strength and lightweight photovoltaic glass, which includes a glass substrate 1 and an antireflection layer 2 laminated on the surface of the glass substrate 1;

[0034] Among them, the thickness of the glass substrate 1 is set to 0.8 mm. The glass substrate 1 is a soda-lime glass with an alumina content of less than 1.2 wt%, and it includes the following components by mass fraction: silica 70.5%, calcium oxide 12.1%, sodium oxide 13.3%, magnesium oxide 2.5%, alumina 0.95%, and trace elements 0.65%. The trace elements include Sb2O3 and As2O3. The glass substrate 1 is also chemically strengthened by an ion exchange process, and the surface stress of the glass substrate 1 is not less than 450.0 MPa. The antireflection layer 2 is set as a single-layer structure, and its thickness is set to 0.2 μm. The antireflection layer 2 is formed by coating an antireflection liquid on the surface of the glass substrate 1 and curing it.

[0035] The preparation method of the high light transmittance and high strength lightweight photovoltaic glass in the above-mentioned Example 1 includes the following specific steps:

[0036] S1. According to the component contents of the glass substrate 1, weigh the corresponding components and mix them, and then melt the materials to form a glass liquid.

[0037] S2. Cool the glass liquid, and then press it to obtain the glass substrate 1.

[0038] S3. Heat the glass substrate 1 to 400 °C, then immerse it in molten potassium nitrate for ion exchange for 240 minutes, and then take out the glass substrate 1. Control the temperature change by slow cooling and heat preservation to avoid glass breakage caused by thermal stress.

[0039] S4. After the glass substrate 1 completes the chemical strengthening treatment of ion exchange, coat an antireflection liquid on the surface of the glass substrate 1, and then send it into an oven for curing treatment at 250 °C for 20 minutes to form an antireflection layer 2 with a thickness of 0.2 μm, thereby obtaining a lightweight photovoltaic glass with high light transmittance and high strength.

[0040] Among them, the antireflection liquid includes the following components by mass fraction: antireflection particles 45.0%, polyethylene glycol (PEG-400) 12.0%, tetraethyl titanate 8.0%, ammonia water (28%) 4.2%, ethanol 26.0%, ammonium fluoride 0.3%, polyvinylpyrrolidone 4.5%. The antireflection particles are silica with a particle size of 20.0 nm.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] As Figure 1 shown, this Example 1 provides a high light transmittance and high strength lightweight photovoltaic glass, which includes a glass substrate 1 and an antireflection layer 2 laminated on the surface of the glass substrate 1.

[0043] Among them, the thickness of the glass substrate 1 is set to 0.8 mm. The glass substrate 1 is made of medium-aluminum glass, which includes the following components by mass fraction: 70.2% of silicon dioxide, 8.5% of calcium oxide, 8.8% of sodium oxide, 1.8% of potassium oxide, 3.1% of magnesium oxide, 6.8% of aluminum oxide, and 0.8% of trace elements. The trace elements include Cr2O3 and Fe2O3. The glass substrate 1 is also chemically strengthened by an ion exchange process, and the surface stress of the glass substrate 1 is not less than 450.0 MPa. The antireflection layer 2 is set as a single-layer structure, and its thickness is set to 0.2 μm. The antireflection layer 2 is formed by coating an antireflection liquid on the surface of the glass substrate 1 and curing it.

[0044] The preparation method of the high-transmittance and high-strength lightweight photovoltaic glass in the above Embodiment 2 includes the following specific steps:

[0045] S1. According to the component contents of the glass substrate 1, weigh the corresponding components and mix them, and then melt the materials to form a glass liquid.

[0046] S2. Cool the glass liquid and then press it to obtain the glass substrate 1.

[0047] S3. Heat the glass substrate 1 to 420 °C, then immerse it in molten potassium sulfate for ion exchange for 100 minutes, and then take out the glass substrate 1. Control the temperature change by slow cooling and heat preservation to avoid glass breakage caused by thermal stress.

[0048] S4. After the chemical strengthening treatment of ion exchange of the glass substrate 1 is completed, coat the antireflection liquid on the surface of the glass substrate 1, and then send it into an oven for curing treatment at 210 °C for 30 minutes to form an antireflection layer 2 with a thickness of 0.2 μm, thereby obtaining a lightweight photovoltaic glass with high transmittance and high strength.

[0049] Among them, the antireflection liquid includes the following components by mass fraction: 45.0% of antireflection particles, 12.0% of polyethylene glycol (PEG-400), 8.0% of tetraethyl titanate, 4.2% of ammonia water (28%), 26.0% of ethanol, 0.3% of ammonium fluoride, and 4.5% of polyvinylpyrrolidone. The antireflection particles are silicon dioxide with a particle size of 20.0 nm.

[0050] Embodiment 3

[0051] As Figure 1 shown, this Embodiment 1 provides a high-transmittance and high-strength lightweight photovoltaic glass, which includes a glass substrate 1 and an antireflection layer 2 laminated on the surface of the glass substrate 1.

[0052] Among them, the thickness of the glass substrate 1 is set to 0.8 mm. The glass substrate 1 is made of high-aluminum glass with an alumina content of not less than 13.0 wt%, and it includes the following components by mass fraction: silica 61.0%, calcium oxide 5.5%, sodium oxide 6.8%, magnesium oxide 7.2%, alumina 18.8%, and trace elements 0.7%. The trace elements include ZrO2. The glass substrate 1 is also chemically strengthened by an ion exchange process, and the surface stress of the glass substrate 1 is not less than 450.0 MPa. The antireflection layer 2 is set as a single-layer structure, and its thickness is set to 0.2 μm. The antireflection layer 2 is formed by coating an antireflection liquid on the surface of the glass substrate 1 and curing it.

[0053] The preparation method of the high-transmittance and high-strength lightweight photovoltaic glass in the above-mentioned Embodiment 3 includes the following specific steps:

[0054] S1. According to the component contents of the glass substrate 1, weigh the corresponding components and mix them, and then melt the materials to form a glass liquid.

[0055] S2. Cool the glass liquid, and then press it to obtain the glass substrate 1.

[0056] S3. Heat the glass substrate 1 to 440 °C, then immerse it in molten potassium sulfate for ion exchange for 15 minutes, and then take out the glass substrate 1. Control the temperature change by slow cooling and heat preservation to avoid glass breakage caused by thermal stress.

[0057] S4. After the glass substrate 1 completes the chemical strengthening treatment of ion exchange, coat an antireflection liquid on the surface of the glass substrate 1, and then send it into an oven for curing treatment at 300 °C for 12 minutes to form an antireflection layer 2 with a thickness of 0.2 μm, thereby obtaining a lightweight photovoltaic glass with high transmittance and high strength.

[0058] Among them, the antireflection liquid includes the following components by mass fraction: antireflection particles 45.0%, polyethylene glycol (PEG-400) 12.0%, tetraethyl titanate 8.0%, ammonia water (28%) 4.2%, ethanol 26.0%, ammonium fluoride 0.3%, and polyvinylpyrrolidone 4.5%. The antireflection particles are silica with a particle size of 20.0 nm.

[0059] Comparative Example 1

[0060] The photovoltaic glass of Comparative Example 1 includes a glass substrate and an antireflection layer provided on the surface of the glass substrate. The glass substrate is made of conventional soda-lime silicate glass with a thickness of 0.8 mm. At the same time, the glass substrate in Comparative Example 1 is also physically tempered. By heating the glass substrate to 690 °C and then rapidly cooling it, a surface compressive stress layer is formed to physically strengthen the glass substrate.

[0061] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 lies in that: the composition of the glass substrate in Comparative Example 1 is different from that in Example 1. Meanwhile, the glass substrate in Comparative Example 1 does not undergo chemical strengthening treatment by ion exchange as in Example 1, but the glass substrate in Comparative Example 1 is physically tempered. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0062] Comparative Example 2

[0063] Comparative Example 2 provides a kind of photovoltaic glass. The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 lies in that: the thickness of the glass substrate in Comparative Example 2 is set to 2.0 mm, and the rest is the same as in Comparative Example 1.

[0064] Comparative Example 3

[0065] Comparative Example 3 provides a kind of photovoltaic glass. The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 lies in that: the glass matrix of the photovoltaic glass in Comparative Example 3 uses an existing high light transmittance glass (the formula of this glass matrix is different from that in Example 1) and does not coat the antireflection material of Example 1 on the surface of the glass. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0066] Test:

[0067] Test parameters such as the light transmittance, surface stress, flatness, and surface density of the photovoltaic glasses obtained in the above Examples 1 - 3 and Comparative Examples 1 - 3. The specific results are shown in the following table:

[0068] Thickness of glass substrate Light transmittance Surface stress Flatness Areal density Example 1 0.8mm 93.91％ 465MPa <0.04mm <![CDATA[2.00kg / m 2 > Example 2 0.8mm 93.95％ 595MPa <0.04mm <![CDATA[2.04 kg / m 2 > Example 3 0.8mm 93.98％ 610MPa <0.04mm <![CDATA[2.04kg / m 2 <!-- 5 -->]]> Comparative Example 1 0.8mm 93.88％ 363MPa 0.1mm <![CDATA[2.07kg / m 2 > Comparative Example 2 2.0mm 91.25％ 458MPa 0.1mm <![CDATA[5.05kg / m 2 > Comparative Example 3 0.8mm 92.53％ 418MPa <0.04mm <![CDATA[2.08kg / m 2 >

[0069] It can be seen from the surface stress results of testing Examples 1 - 3 in the above table that this kind of photovoltaic of the present invention has a relatively high surface stress and is more impact - resistant than the photovoltaic glasses of the comparative examples. It can be seen from the test results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 that the ion - exchange process adopted in the present invention for chemical strengthening treatment can significantly improve the mechanical strength of the glass. It can be seen from the test results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 that although appropriately increasing the thickness of the glass matrix can improve the mechanical strength, at the same time, as the thickness of the glass matrix increases, its light transmittance will decrease significantly, which will affect the power generation efficiency of the module, and will also cause a significant increase in the surface density of the glass, which will increase the weight of the glass and thus affect the transportation and installation of the module. It can be seen from the test results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 that the preferred antireflection material of the present invention can make the photovoltaic glass have a higher light transmittance compared with traditional high - light - transmittance glass. At the same time, it can be seen from the test results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 that the ion - exchange chemical strengthening process adopted in the present invention can make the flatness of the glass better than that of traditional physical strengthening. In summary, this kind of lightweight photovoltaic glass of the present invention can significantly improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency and impact resistance, and is especially suitable for photovoltaic applications that require high strength, low weight, and high light transmittance.

[0070] The above-mentioned preferred embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Any obvious changes or variations derived from the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightweight photovoltaic glass with high light transmittance and high strength, characterized in that, The lightweight photovoltaic glass includes a glass substrate (1) and an antireflection layer (2) laminated on the surface of the glass substrate (1); Among them, the thickness of the glass substrate (1) is set to 0.3 - 1.6 mm. The glass substrate (1) is made of soda-lime glass with an alumina content of less than 1.2 wt%, or medium-aluminum glass with an alumina content of 4.0 - 10.0 wt%, or high-aluminum glass with an alumina content of not less than 13.0 wt%. The glass substrate (1) is also chemically strengthened by an ion exchange process, and the surface stress of the glass substrate (1) is not less than 450.0 MPa; Among them, the antireflection layer (2) is set to a single-layer or multi-layer structure, and the antireflection layer (2) is formed by coating an antireflection liquid on the surface of the glass substrate (1) and curing it.

2. The high-transmittance, high-strength lightweight photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, wherein The glass substrate (1) is made of soda-lime glass with an alumina content of less than 1.2 wt%, and it includes the following components by mass fraction: Silica 70.0 - 71.0%, Calcium oxide 11.0 - 13.0%, Sodium oxide 12.0 - 14.0%, Magnesium oxide 2.0 - 3.0%, Alumina 0.3 - 1.1% and trace elements <0.9%; The trace elements include at least one of Cr2O3, Sb2O3, As2O3, PbO, Fe2O3, ZrO2.

3. A high light transmittance, high strength and lightweight photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that The glass substrate (1) is made of medium-aluminum glass with an alumina content of 4.0 - 10.0 wt%, and it includes the following components by mass fraction: Silica 69.0 - 71.0%, Calcium oxide 8.0 - 9.0%, Sodium oxide 8.0 - 10.0%, Potassium oxide 1.0 - 2.0%, Magnesium oxide 2.0 - 4.0%, Alumina 4.0 - 10.0 wt% and trace elements <0.9%; The trace elements include at least one of Cr2O3, Sb2O3, As2O3, PbO, Fe2O3, ZrO2.

4. A lightweight photovoltaic glass with high light transmittance and high strength according to claim 1, characterized in that The glass substrate (1) is made of high-aluminum glass with an alumina content of not less than 13.0 wt%, and it includes the following components by mass fraction: Silica 55.0 - 65.0%, Calcium oxide 4.0 - 6.0%, Sodium oxide 5.0 - 10.0%, Magnesium oxide 5.0 - 10.0%, Alumina 13.0 - 25.0 wt% and trace elements <0.9%; The trace elements include at least one of Cr2O3, Sb2O3, As2O3, PbO, Fe2O3, ZrO2.

5. A high light transmittance and high strength lightweight photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the antireflection layer (2) is set to 0.1 - 0.3 μm.

6. The preparation method of a high light transmittance, high strength and lightweight photovoltaic glass according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1. According to the component contents of the glass substrate, weigh the corresponding components and mix them, and melt them to form a glass liquid; S2. Cool the glass liquid, and then press it to obtain a glass substrate; S3. Preheat the glass substrate, and then immerse it in molten lithium salt or potassium salt for ion exchange; S4. After the glass substrate completes the chemical strengthening treatment of ion exchange, coat an antireflection liquid on the surface of the glass substrate and perform a curing treatment, thereby obtaining a lightweight photovoltaic glass with high light transmittance and high strength.

7. The preparation method of a high light transmittance and high strength lightweight photovoltaic glass according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S3, the preheating temperature of the glass substrate is 380 - 460 °C, and the ion exchange time is 10 - 250 minutes; in step S4, the curing temperature is 200 - 300 °C, and the curing time is 10 - 30 minutes.

8. The preparation method of a high light transmittance and high strength lightweight photovoltaic glass according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S3, the lithium salt is selected from lithium nitrate or lithium sulfate, and the potassium salt is selected from potassium nitrate or potassium sulfate.

9. The preparation method of a high light transmittance and high strength lightweight photovoltaic glass according to claim 6, characterized in that, The antireflection liquid in step S4 comprises components with the following mass fractions: 40.0 - 50.0% of antireflection particles, 10.0 - 15.0% of polyethylene glycol, 5.0 - 10.0% of tetraethyl titanate, 3.0 - 8.0% of ammonia water, 20.0 - 30.0% of ethanol, 0.1 - 0.5% of ammonium fluoride, and 3.0 - 8.0% of polyvinylpyrrolidone; Among them, the antireflection particles are selected from one or more of silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, silicon nitride, and aluminum oxide, and the particle size of the antireflection particles is 10.0 - 30.0 nm.

10. Application of a lightweight photovoltaic glass with high light transmittance and high strength, characterized in that, The lightweight photovoltaic glass according to any one of claims 1 - 5 or the lightweight photovoltaic glass prepared by the method according to any one of claims 6 - 9 is used as the front plate glass or the back plate glass of a photovoltaic module.

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