Method for preparing high-efficiency catalyst by using blast furnace waste residue and application of high-efficiency catalyst

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing a high-efficiency catalyst from blast furnace waste residues and application, and belongs to the technical field of catalytic materials. The method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the iron-rich component extracted from the blast furnace waste residue with a mixed solution containing nickel salt and copper salt, reacting at 40-70 DEG C for 3-6 hours, removing excessive solvent, carrying out compression molding, and respectively calcining in an oxygen atmosphere and a reducing atmosphere to obtain the efficient catalyst with the iron-rich component loaded with nickel and copper. The method provided by the invention is simple, can greatly promote resource utilization of by-products in iron and steel smelting, and is low in production cost; the prepared iron-rich component loaded nickel and copper high-efficiency catalyst has excellent catalytic activity, and has a good application prospect in the aspect of electro-catalytic reduction hydrogen production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of catalytic materials, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a high-efficiency catalyst by using blast furnace slag and its application. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen has the characteristics of high energy density, zero pollution and renewable, etc., and is one of the ideal alternatives to traditional fossil energy. At present, the country is actively exploring the development and utilization of hydrogen energy. Using renewable energy such as wind energy, solar energy and ocean energy for electrolytic water hydrogen production and energy storage can effectively improve energy utilization efficiency and optimize the energy structure, which is conducive to achieving the "dual carbon" development goal. However, there are currently problems in industrial electrolytic water hydrogen production such as high reaction overpotential, short lifespan and high cost. The solution to these problems is inseparable from the development of catalysts with low price and excellent performance.

[0003] China is a major steel manufacturing country, and a large amount of blast furnace slag is generated in blast furnace ironmaking. These blast furnace slags are low in price, and at the same time, the slag is rich in iron components. Iron-nickel-copper alloy has been proven to be an excellent electrolytic water hydrogen production catalyst. Therefore, based on blast furnace slag, nickel salt and copper salt, the present invention prepares a high-efficiency catalyst with iron-rich components loaded with nickel and copper, which has high activity and low raw material cost, and has good application prospects in catalytic electrolytic water hydrogen production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the above prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing a high-efficiency catalyst by using blast furnace slag and its application, so as to solve the problems of high reaction overpotential, short lifespan and high cost in the existing electrolytic water hydrogen production technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the specific technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0006] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a high-efficiency catalyst by using blast furnace slag, including the following steps:

[0007] Prepare a mixed solution containing nickel salt and copper salt, mix the iron-rich component extracted from blast furnace slag with the mixed solution evenly, then place it at 40-70 °C for reaction. After the reaction is completed, remove the excess solvent, press the obtained mixture into a mold, and calcine it in an oxygen atmosphere and a reducing atmosphere respectively to obtain a high-efficiency catalyst with iron-rich components loaded with nickel and copper.

[0008] Further, the molar ratio of the copper salt to the nickel salt is 1:(1-10).

[0009] Further, in the high-efficiency catalyst with iron-rich components loaded with nickel and copper, the mass fraction of nickel is 2%-20%.

[0010] Further, the nickel salt includes but is not limited to at least one of nickel nitrate, nickel chloride, nickel bromide, and nickel sulfate; the copper salt includes but is not limited to at least one of copper nitrate, copper chloride, copper bromide, and copper sulfate.

[0011] Further, the blast furnace slag includes but is not limited to at least one of steelmaking pig iron slag, foundry pig iron slag, manganese iron ore slag, and vanadium-titanium high-aluminum slag. The iron-rich components mainly include: iron oxides such as Fe2O3, Fe3O4, and MgFe2O4, iron sulfide FeS, and the iron content is 30% - 85%, and the iron content depends on the types of different blast furnace slags.

[0012] Further, the iron-rich components and the mixed solution are stirred and mixed under the condition of enhanced high-temperature ultrasonic waves; the temperature of the stirring and mixing is 50 - 70 °C, and the time is 3 - 6 h.

[0013] Further, the reaction time is 3 - 6 h.

[0014] Further, the excess solvent is removed by evaporation, and the temperature used for evaporation is 90 - 100 °C.

[0015] Further, the shape in the pressing and forming includes but is not limited to any one of spherical, cylindrical, and square.

[0016] Further, the temperature of the calcination is 300 - 600 °C, and the time is 2 - 6 h.

[0017] Further, the reducing atmosphere includes hydrogen or a mixed gas composed of hydrogen and an inert gas.

[0018] Specifically, the method for preparing a high-efficiency catalyst using blast furnace slag includes the following steps:

[0019] (1) Add nickel salt and copper salt into water, and obtain a mixed solution containing nickel salt and copper salt after ultrasonic oscillation; separate the iron-rich components from the blast furnace slag;

[0020] (2) Add the iron-rich components into the mixed solution for stirring and impregnation, and stir and mix under the condition of enhanced high-temperature ultrasonic waves to obtain a mixed reaction solution;

[0021] (3) React the mixed reaction solution at 40 - 70 °C for 3 - 6 h. After the reaction is completed, evaporate the excess water to form a sample with a moisture content of 4% - 20%;

[0022] (4) Press the sample into shape, and calcine it at 300 - 600 °C for 2 - 6 h in an oxygen atmosphere and a reducing atmosphere respectively to obtain a high-efficiency catalyst with iron-rich components loaded with nickel and copper.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a highly efficient catalyst with nickel and copper loaded on an iron-rich component prepared by the method described above.

[0024] In a third aspect, the present invention provides the application of the highly efficient catalyst with nickel and copper loaded on the iron-rich component in electrocatalytic hydrogen production by reduction.

[0025] The principle of the present invention is as follows: In the highly efficient catalyst with nickel and copper loaded on the iron-rich component of the present invention, the Fe content is relatively high, and the synergistic effect of Fe, Ni, and Cu can regulate the adsorption strength of small reaction intermediates on the catalyst surface, thereby exhibiting excellent catalytic performance.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] (1) The present invention provides a highly efficient catalyst for hydrogen production by electrolyzing water, which can achieve rapid and efficient hydrogen production by electrolyzing water. The active components on the surface of the catalyst are Fe, Ni, and Cu. The catalyst is mainly composed of an iron-rich component separated from blast furnace slag and nickel and iron reduced in the mineral lattice. The synergistic enhancement effect among iron, nickel, and copper enables the material to have good catalytic performance.

[0028] (2) The iron-rich component in the catalyst of the present invention is obtained from steelmaking pig iron slag, foundry pig iron slag, manganese iron ore slag, and vanadium-titanium high-aluminum slag. This method can greatly promote the resource utilization of by-products in blast furnace ironmaking and reduce the production cost of the catalyst at the same time.

[0029] (3) The catalyst preparation method of the present invention is simple, the prepared catalyst is inexpensive, has good reaction performance, and has good application prospects in electrocatalytic hydrogen production by reduction. Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 It is a comparison chart of overpotentials of the reactions of 2%Ni / 2%Cu / IRWS, 5%Ni / 2%Cu / IRWS, 10%Ni / 2%Cu / IRWS, 15%Ni / 2%Cu / IRWS, and 20%Ni / 2%Cu / IRWS catalysts in Application Examples 1 to 35 at different electrode potentials; where, the IRWS is the abbreviation of Iron rich waste slag;

[0031] Figure 2 It is the linear sweep curve of the 20%Ni / 2%Cu / IRWS catalyst in Application Examples 30 - 35 at different electrode potentials. Detailed Embodiments

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The present invention provides a method for preparing a high-efficiency catalyst using blast furnace slag, comprising the following steps:

[0034] Prepare a mixed solution containing nickel salt and copper salt, mix the iron-rich component extracted from blast furnace slag with the mixed solution evenly, then place it at 40 - 70 °C for reaction. After the reaction is completed, remove the excessive solvent, press the obtained mixture into a shape, and calcine it in an oxygen atmosphere and a reducing atmosphere respectively to obtain a high-efficiency catalyst with nickel and copper loaded on the iron-rich component.

[0035] In some examples, the molar ratio of the copper salt to the nickel salt is 1:(1 - 10).

[0036] In some examples, in the high-efficiency catalyst with nickel and copper loaded on the iron-rich component, the mass fraction of nickel is 2% - 20%.

[0037] In some examples, the nickel salt includes but is not limited to at least one of nickel nitrate, nickel chloride, nickel bromide, and nickel sulfate; the copper salt includes but is not limited to at least one of copper nitrate, copper chloride, copper bromide, and copper sulfate.

[0038] In some examples, the blast furnace slag includes but is not limited to at least one of steelmaking pig iron slag, foundry pig iron slag, manganese iron ore slag, and vanadium-titanium high-aluminum slag.

[0039] In some examples, the iron-rich component and the mixed solution are stirred and mixed under the condition of enhanced high-temperature ultrasonic waves; the temperature of the stirring and mixing is 50 - 70 °C, and the time is 3 - 6 h.

[0040] In some examples, the reaction time is 3 - 6 h.

[0041] In some examples, the excessive solvent is removed by evaporation, and the temperature used for evaporation is 90 - 100 °C.

[0042] In some examples, the shape in the pressing into a shape includes but is not limited to any one of spherical, cylindrical, and square.

[0043] In some examples, the temperature of the calcination is 300 - 600 °C, and the time is 2 - 6 h.

[0044] In some examples, the reducing atmosphere includes hydrogen, or a mixed gas composed of hydrogen and an inert gas.

[0045] In the following examples and comparative examples, unless otherwise specified, all raw materials are common raw materials on the market, and the methods used are all conventional methods.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] An efficient catalyst with nickel and copper loaded on iron-rich components prepared from blast furnace slag, and its preparation method includes the following steps:

[0048] S1. Add 50 mL of deionized water to a 100 mL beaker, add 0.24 g of Ni(NO3)2·6H2O crystals and 0.15 g of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O crystals to the beaker, and ultrasonically vibrate for 10 min to obtain a mixed solution containing nickel salt and copper salt;

[0049] S2. Use a magnet to separate the iron-rich components from the steelmaking pig iron slag. The iron content in the iron-rich components is 80%. Weigh 2.40 g of the iron-rich components and add them to the mixed solution containing nickel salt and copper salt in S1. Ultrasonically stir for 3 h, and the ultrasonic temperature is 60 °C to obtain a mixed reaction solution;

[0050] S3. Heat the mixed reaction solution obtained in S3 in a magnetic stirrer at 50 °C to allow the metal nickel and copper ions to react with the iron-rich components for 3 h. After the reaction is completed, raise the temperature of the stirrer to 95 °C to evaporate the water in the obtained mixture to obtain a sample with a moisture content of 8%. Then press the sample into a square shape on a molding machine to obtain a molded sample;

[0051] S4. Put the molded sample obtained in S3 into a tube furnace at 400 °C and calcine it in an oxygen atmosphere and a hydrogen atmosphere for 2 h in sequence to obtain an efficient catalyst with a nickel mass fraction of 2% and a copper mass fraction of 2%, denoted as 2%Ni / 2%Cu / IRWS.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] An efficient catalyst with nickel and copper loaded on iron-rich components prepared from blast furnace slag, and its preparation method includes the following steps:

[0054] S1. Add 50 mL of deionized water to a 100 mL beaker, add 0.60 g of Ni(NO3)2·6H2O crystals and 0.15 g of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O crystals to the beaker, and ultrasonically vibrate for 10 min to obtain a mixed solution containing nickel salt and copper salt;

[0055] S2. Separate the iron-rich component from the steelmaking pig iron slag using a magnet. The iron content in the iron-rich component is 80%. Weigh 2.33 g of the iron-rich component and add it to the mixed solution containing nickel salt and copper salt described in S1. Stir ultrasonically for 3 h at an ultrasonic temperature of 60 °C to obtain a mixed reaction solution;

[0056] S3. Heat the mixed reaction solution obtained in S3 in a magnetic stirrer at 50 °C to allow the metal nickel and copper ions to react with the iron-rich component for 3 h. After the reaction, raise the temperature of the stirrer to 95 °C to evaporate the moisture in the resulting mixture, obtaining a sample with a moisture content of 8%. Then press the sample into a square shape on a molding machine to obtain a molded sample;

[0057] S4. Place the molded sample obtained in S3 into a tube furnace at 400 °C and calcine it for 2 h successively in an oxygen atmosphere and a hydrogen atmosphere to obtain a highly efficient catalyst with a nickel mass fraction of 5% and a copper mass fraction of 2%, denoted as 5%Ni / 2%Cu / IRWS.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] A highly efficient catalyst with nickel and copper supported on an iron-rich component prepared from blast furnace slag, and its preparation method includes the following steps:

[0060] S1. Add 50 mL of deionized water to a 100 mL beaker, and add 1.20 g of Ni(NO3)2·6H2O crystals and 0.15 g of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O crystals to the beaker. Oscillate ultrasonically for 10 min to obtain a mixed solution containing nickel salt and copper salt;

[0061] S2. Separate the iron-rich component from the steelmaking pig iron slag using a magnet. The iron content in the iron-rich component is 80%. Weigh 2.2 g of the iron-rich component and add it to the mixed solution containing nickel salt and copper salt described in S1. Stir ultrasonically for 3 h at an ultrasonic temperature of 60 °C to obtain a mixed reaction solution;

[0062] S3. Heat the mixed reaction solution obtained in S3 in a magnetic stirrer at 50 °C to allow the metal nickel and copper ions to react with the iron-rich component for 3 h. After the reaction, raise the temperature of the stirrer to 95 °C to evaporate the moisture in the resulting mixture, obtaining a sample with a moisture content of 8%. Then press the sample into a square shape on a molding machine to obtain a molded sample;

[0063] S4. Place the molded sample obtained in S3 into a tube furnace at 400 °C and calcine it for 2 h successively in an oxygen atmosphere and a hydrogen atmosphere to obtain a highly efficient catalyst with a nickel mass fraction of 10% and a copper mass fraction of 2%, denoted as 10%Ni / 2%Cu / IRWS.

[0064] Example 4

[0065] An efficient catalyst with nickel and copper supported on an iron-rich component prepared from blast furnace slag, and its preparation method includes the following steps:

[0066] S1. Add 50 mL of deionized water to a 100 mL beaker, add 1.80 g of Ni(NO3)2·6H2O crystals and 0.15 g of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O crystals to the beaker, and ultrasonically vibrate for 10 min to obtain a mixed solution containing nickel salts and copper salts;

[0067] S2. Use a magnet to separate the iron-rich component from the steelmaking pig iron slag. The iron content in the iron-rich component is 80%. Weigh 2.08 g of the iron-rich component, add it to the mixed solution containing nickel salts and copper salts in S1, ultrasonically stir for 3 h, and the ultrasonic temperature is 60 °C to obtain a mixed reaction solution;

[0068] S3. Heat the mixed reaction solution obtained in S3 in a magnetic stirrer at 50 °C to allow the metal nickel and copper ions to react with the iron-rich component for 3 h. After the reaction, raise the temperature of the stirrer to 95 °C to evaporate the water in the obtained mixture to obtain a sample with a moisture content of 8%. Then press the sample into a square shape on a molding machine to obtain a molded sample;

[0069] S4. Put the molded sample obtained in S3 into a tubular furnace at 400 °C and calcine it for 2 h in an oxygen atmosphere and then in a hydrogen atmosphere to obtain an efficient catalyst with a nickel mass fraction of 15% and a copper mass fraction of 2%, denoted as 15%Ni / 2%Cu / IRWS.

[0070] Example 5

[0071] An efficient catalyst with nickel and copper supported on an iron-rich component prepared from blast furnace slag, and its preparation method includes the following steps:

[0072] S1. Add 50 mL of deionized water to a 100 mL beaker, add 2.40 g of Ni(NO3)2·6H2O crystals and 0.15 g of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O crystals to the beaker, and ultrasonically vibrate for 10 min to obtain a mixed solution containing nickel salts and copper salts;

[0073] S2. Use a magnet to separate the iron-rich component from the steelmaking pig iron slag. The iron content in the iron-rich component is 80%. Weigh 1.95 g of the iron-rich component, add it to the mixed solution containing nickel salts and copper salts in S1, ultrasonically stir for 3 h, and the ultrasonic temperature is 60 °C to obtain a mixed reaction solution;

[0074] S3. Heat the mixed reaction solution obtained in S3 in a magnetic stirrer at 50 °C, allowing the metallic nickel and copper ions to react with the iron-rich component for 3 h. After the reaction ends, raise the temperature of the stirrer to 95 °C to evaporate the moisture in the obtained mixture, obtaining a sample with a moisture content of 8%. Then press the sample into a square shape on a molding machine to obtain a molded sample;

[0075] S4. Place the molded sample obtained in S3 into a tubular furnace at 400 °C and calcine it for 2 h successively in an oxygen atmosphere and a hydrogen atmosphere to obtain a highly efficient catalyst with a nickel mass fraction of 20% and a copper mass fraction of 2%, denoted as 20%Ni / 2%Cu / IRWS.

[0076] The hydrogen production catalytic function of the catalysts in Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention was tested in an electrochemical reaction cell, and corresponding test data were obtained in an electrochemical workstation.

[0077] Application Example 1

[0078] Weigh 10 mg of the 2%Ni / 2%Cu / IRWS catalyst prepared in Example 1 into a plastic centrifuge tube, add 10 μL of Nafion solution and 40 μL of ethanol, mix evenly, perform ultrasonic treatment and suck it up with a micropipette, and evenly coat the obtained mixed solution on the surface of a 1×2 cm 2 carbon paper, and then dry it at room temperature for several hours to obtain a working electrode. The Ag / AgCl electrode and the platinum sheet were used as the reference electrode and the counter electrode, respectively. The electrode potential of the reaction was controlled at -0.7 V vs RHE.

[0079] Application Examples 2 to 7

[0080] Application Examples 2 to 7 are basically the same as Application Example 1, except that: the electrode potentials of Application Examples 2 to 7 are -0.8 V vs RHE, -0.9 V vs RHE, -1 V vs RHE, -1.1 V vs RHE, -1.2 V vs RHE, and -1.3 V vs RHE, respectively.

[0081] Application Example 8

[0082] Application Example 8 is basically the same as Application Example 1, except that: the catalyst used in Application Example 8 is 5%Ni / 2%Cu / IRWS prepared in Example 2.

[0083] Application Examples 9 to 14

[0084] Application Examples 9 to 14 are basically the same as Application Example 8, except that the electrode potentials of Application Examples 9 to 14 are -0.8 V vs RHE, -0.9 V vs RHE, -1 V vs RHE, -1.1 V vs RHE, -1.2 V vs RHE, and -1.3 V vs RHE, respectively.

[0085] Application Example 15

[0086] Application Example 15 is basically the same as Application Example 1, except that the catalyst used in Application Example 15 is 10% Ni / 2% Cu / IRWS prepared in Example 3.

[0087] Application Examples 16 to 21

[0088] Application Examples 16 to 21 are basically the same as Application Example 15, except that the electrode potentials of Application Examples 16 to 21 are -0.8 V vs RHE, -0.9 V vs RHE, -1 V vs RHE, -1.1 V vs RHE, -1.2 V vs RHE, and -1.3 V vs RHE, respectively.

[0089] Application Example 22

[0090] Application Example 22 is basically the same as Application Example 1, except that the catalyst used in Application Example 22 is 15% Ni / 2% Cu / IRWS prepared in Example 4.

[0091] Application Examples 23 to 28

[0092] Application Examples 23 to 28 are basically the same as Application Example 22, except that the electrode potentials of Application Examples 23 to 28 are -0.8 V vs RHE, -0.9 V vs RHE, -1 V vs RHE, -1.1 V vs RHE, -1.2 V vs RHE, and -1.3 V vs RHE, respectively.

[0093] Application Example 29

[0094] Application Example 29 is basically the same as Application Example 1, except that the catalyst used in Application Example 29 is 20% Ni / 2% Cu / IRWS prepared in Example 5.

[0095] Application Examples 30 to 35

[0096] Application Examples 30 to 35 are basically the same as Application Example 29, except that the electrode potentials of Application Examples 30 to 35 are -0.8 V vs RHE, -0.9 V vs RHE, -1 V vs RHE, -1.1 V vs RHE, -1.2 V vs RHE, and -1.3 V vs RHE, respectively.

[0097] Comparative Example 1

[0098] Weigh 10 mg of nickel-iron metal supported on nitrogen-doped carbon catalyst (NiFe-N / C) into a plastic centrifuge tube, add 10 μL of Nafion solution and 40 μL of ethanol, mix well, ultrasonically treat and suck with a micropipette, and evenly coat the obtained mixture on the surface of a 1×2 cm 2 carbon paper, and then dry it at room temperature for several hours to obtain a working electrode. The Ag / AgCl electrode and the platinum sheet are used as the reference electrode and the counter electrode, respectively. The electrode potential of the reaction is controlled at -0.7 V vs RHE. The preparation method of NiFe-N / C refers to Patent CN115679340A.

[0099] Comparative Example 2

[0100] Weigh 10 mg of Fe2O3 catalyst into a plastic centrifuge tube, add 10 μL of Nafion solution and 40 μL of ethanol, mix well, ultrasonically treat and suck with a micropipette, and evenly coat the obtained mixture on the surface of a 1×2 cm 2 carbon paper, and then dry it at room temperature for several hours to obtain a working electrode. The Ag / AgCl electrode and the platinum sheet are used as the reference electrode and the counter electrode, respectively. The electrode potential of the reaction is controlled at -0.7 V vs RHE. The Fe2O3 catalyst is prepared with reference to the following literature: Johann Kirchner, Jasmin Katharina Anolleck, Henry Lösch, et al. Methanation of CO2 on iron based catalysts. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 223 (2018) 47-59.

[0101] Comparative Example 3

[0102] Weigh 10 mg of Mg / Fe2O3 catalyst into a plastic centrifuge tube, add 10 μL of Nafion solution and 40 μL of ethanol, mix well, ultrasonically treat and suck with a micropipette, and evenly coat the obtained mixture on the surface of a 1×2 cm 2On the surface of the carbon paper and then dried at room temperature for several hours to obtain the working electrode. An Ag / AgCl electrode and a platinum sheet were used as the reference electrode and the counter electrode, respectively. The electrode potential of the reaction was controlled at -0.7 V vs RHE. The Mg / Fe2O3 catalyst was prepared with reference to the following literature: Zeynep Baysal, Sven Kureti. CO2 methanation on Mg promoted Fe catalysts. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 262(2020)118300.

[0103] Table 1: Comparison results of overpotential performance between Application Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0104]

[0105] The overpotential of the reaction under the condition of a current density of 10 mA·cm -2 is an important indicator to measure the performance of the catalyst. It can be seen from Table 1 that the reaction overpotentials of different catalysts NiFe-N / C, Fe2O3 and Mg / Fe2O3 in Comparative Examples 1-3 are higher than those of the 2%Ni / 2%Cu / IRWS catalyst prepared by the method of the present invention.

[0106] From Figure 1 it can be seen that within a relatively wide working voltage range (-0.7 V vs RHE ~ -1.3 V vs RHE), the reaction overpotential of the catalyst of the present invention is relatively low, indicating that the high-efficiency catalyst of the present invention has excellent catalytic performance.

[0107] In addition, a stability test was carried out on the 2%Ni / 2%Cu / IRWS catalyst of the present invention. The test environment was 1 M KOH electrolyte at room temperature, and the overpotential tested was 90 mV. The test results are as Figure 2 shown. From Figure 2 it can be seen that the catalyst can stably operate for more than 50 h at a constant voltage with an overpotential of 90 mV, indicating that the 2%Ni / 2%Cu / IRWS catalyst prepared by the present invention has excellent stability.

[0108] In summary, the present invention mixes the iron-rich component extracted from blast furnace slag with a mixed solution containing nickel salt and copper salt evenly. After reacting at 40-70 °C for 3-6 h, the excess solvent is removed, and then it is pressed into shape and calcined respectively in an oxygen atmosphere and a reducing atmosphere to obtain a highly efficient catalyst with nickel and copper loaded on the iron-rich component. The method provided by the present invention is simple, can greatly promote the resource utilization of by-products in iron and steel smelting, and has low production cost; the obtained highly efficient catalyst with nickel and copper loaded on the iron-rich component has excellent catalytic activity and has good application prospects in electrocatalytic hydrogen production by reduction.

[0109] The above specific embodiments have described the implementation of the present invention in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the claims and technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications and changes can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple variations all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an efficient catalyst using blast furnace slag, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Prepare a mixed solution containing nickel salt and copper salt, mix the iron-rich component extracted from blast furnace slag evenly with the mixed solution, then place it at 40 - 70 °C for reaction. After the reaction is completed, remove the excessive solvent, press the obtained mixture into a mold, and calcine it respectively in an oxygen atmosphere and a reducing atmosphere to obtain a highly efficient catalyst with the iron-rich component loaded with nickel and copper.

2. The method for preparing a high-efficiency catalyst using blast furnace slag according to claim 1, wherein The molar ratio of the copper salt to the nickel salt is 1:(1 - 10).

3. A method for preparing a highly efficient catalyst using blast furnace slag according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the highly efficient catalyst with the iron-rich component loaded with nickel and copper, the mass fraction of nickel is 2% - 20%.

4. A method for preparing a highly efficient catalyst using blast furnace slag according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nickel salt includes but is not limited to at least one of nickel nitrate, nickel chloride, nickel bromide, nickel sulfate; the copper salt includes but is not limited to at least one of copper nitrate, copper chloride, copper bromide, copper sulfate.

5. A method for preparing an efficient catalyst using blast furnace slag according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blast furnace slag includes but is not limited to at least one of steelmaking pig iron slag, foundry pig iron slag, manganese iron ore slag, vanadium-titanium high-aluminum slag.

6. A method for preparing a highly efficient catalyst using blast furnace slag according to claim 1, characterized in that, Stir and mix the iron-rich component with the mixed solution under the condition of enhanced high-temperature ultrasonic waves; the temperature of the stirring and mixing is 50 - 70 °C, and the time is 3 - 6 h.

7. A method for preparing an efficient catalyst using blast furnace slag according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction time is 3 - 6 h.

8. A method for preparing an efficient catalyst using blast furnace slag according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature of the calcination is 300 - 600 °C, and the time is 2 - 6 h.

9. A highly efficient catalyst with the iron-rich component loaded with nickel and copper prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 - 8.

10. Application of the highly efficient catalyst with the iron-rich component loaded with nickel and copper in electrocatalytic hydrogen production by reduction.

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