Orientator

Abstract

The invention provides an orientator which comprises a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism comprises a cylinder body, a piston shaft concentrically arranged in the cylinder body and a first spring arranged in an annular space of the cylinder body and the piston shaft, a positioning assembly and an adjusting mechanism are arranged in the cylinder body, the adjusting mechanism comprises a piston rod in threaded connection with the piston shaft, and the first spring is arranged in the annular space of the cylinder body and the piston shaft. The piston rod is sleeved with the cam rotating shaft, and the cam rotating shaft is provided with a rail used for being matched with the positioning assembly. The device is simple in internal structure and convenient to connect, the problem of cable penetration does not exist, and the device has the advantages of being convenient to operate, high in safety and reliability and the like, so that the device can be more easily applied to coiled tubing directional drilling operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of oil drilling, and particularly to a orientator. Background Art

[0002] Existing coiled tubing drilling orientation tools include various forms such as hydraulic control and electric control.

[0003] Currently, most of them are connected with measurement-while-drilling tools, bent screw motors, and bit tools at the lower part. Therefore, when the tool face is swung, the measurement-while-drilling tool will rotate together with the bent screw motor, increasing the difficulty of swinging the tool face. At the same time, since the inside of the orientator needs to meet the requirement of passing a cable, its internal structure is complex, the connection of the tool string is complex, the operation is inconvenient, the efficiency is low, and the safety and reliability are poor.

[0004] For example, CN105888550B discloses a coiled tubing drilling electro-hydraulic control orientation tool, which includes a driving member, a hydraulic pump, a reversing valve, a hydraulic cylinder, a driving shaft, and a core shaft connected in sequence from top to bottom. The hydraulic cylinder includes a piston, an upper chamber above the piston, and a lower chamber below the piston. The reversing valve has an oil inlet communicating with the hydraulic pump, a first working oil port communicating with the upper chamber, and a second working oil port communicating with the lower chamber. One end of the driving shaft is connected to the piston, and the other end thereof is rotatably connected to the core shaft. However, since the inside of the orientator of this device needs to meet the requirement of passing a cable, it causes problems such as complex internal structure, inconvenient operation, low efficiency, and poor safety and reliability.

[0005] Therefore, in this field, it is desired to provide an orientator to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide an orientator, which can make the cam rotating shaft perform axial movement through the operation of starting and stopping the pump, and can make the cam rotating shaft have the ability to perform axial movement and rotational movement simultaneously through the positioning assembly and the track, so as to drive the bent screw motor and the bit to rotate, so as to change the tool face of the bent screw motor until the required angle, thereby facilitating the subsequent directional drilling operation.

[0007] According to the present invention, there is provided an orientator, including a driving mechanism, which includes a cylinder body, a piston shaft concentrically arranged in the cylinder body, and a first spring arranged in the annulus between the cylinder body and the piston shaft. Wherein, a positioning assembly is arranged in the cylinder body.

[0008] An adjusting mechanism, which includes a piston rod threadedly connected to the piston shaft, and a cam rotating shaft sleeved outside the piston rod. Wherein, a track for matching with the positioning assembly is arranged on the cam rotating shaft.

[0009] In one embodiment, the track is configured as a wavy annular groove and includes a plurality of guiding groups connected end to end.

[0010] In one embodiment, the guiding group includes a first guiding groove and a second guiding groove, and a step provided at the ends of the first guiding groove and the second guiding groove to allow the directional movement of the positioning assembly.

[0011] In one embodiment, the step is configured as a ramp step, and the lowest points of the ramp step are flush with the first guiding groove and the second guiding groove respectively.

[0012] In one embodiment, the positioning assembly is radially arranged on the cylinder body and includes a cylindrical outer pin, a cylindrical inner pin nested in the cylindrical outer pin, and a second spring provided between the cylindrical inner pin and the cylindrical outer pin.

[0013] Wherein, the cylindrical inner pin abuts against the track under the action of the second spring, and the cam rotating shaft is configured to be able to rotate directionally when the cylindrical inner pin moves from the first guiding groove to the second guiding groove or from the second guiding groove to the first guiding groove.

[0014] In one embodiment, the piston shaft includes a first piston shaft portion that forms a sealed connection with the inner wall of the cylinder body, and a second piston shaft portion provided downstream of the first piston shaft portion. Wherein, the first spring is sleeved outside the second piston shaft portion.

[0015] In one embodiment, a bearing that only allows the axial movement of the first spring is provided at the joint of the second piston shaft portion and the first piston shaft portion.

[0016] The piston shaft is configured to be able to move downward synchronously with the piston rod and the cam rotating shaft under the action of the pressure difference, and move upward synchronously with the piston rod and the cam rotating shaft under the elastic force of the first spring.

[0017] In one embodiment, the cam rotating shaft has a clearance fit with the piston rod.

[0018] In one embodiment, the adjusting mechanism further includes a first fixing seat and a second fixing seat respectively provided at both ends of the cam rotating shaft, a washer provided between the first fixing seat and the piston rod, and a lock nut provided downstream of the second fixing seat.

[0019] In one embodiment, a downhole tool is provided at the free end of the cam rotating shaft, and the downhole tool includes a bent screw motor and a drill bit.

[0020] In one embodiment, sealing rings are provided between the cylinder body and the piston shaft, between the piston shaft and the piston rod, and between the piston rod and the cam rotating shaft.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] First, the present invention can make the cam rotating shaft perform axial movement through the start-stop pump operation, and can make the cam rotating shaft have the ability to perform axial movement and rotational movement simultaneously through the positioning assembly and the track, so as to drive the bent screw motor and the drill bit to rotate, so as to change the tool face of the bent screw motor until the required angle, which is helpful for subsequent directional drilling operations.

[0023] Second, more guiding groups can be designed for the track in the present invention according to actual needs, so that the cam rotating shaft can rotate a smaller angle each time the pump is started or stopped, so as to further improve the adjustment accuracy of the orientator. In addition, the rotation angle of the cam rotating shaft of the present invention when the pump is started or stopped can also be adjusted by adjusting the dimensions of the first guiding groove or the second guiding groove according to actual use requirements.

[0024] Third, when the cylindrical inner pin in the present invention moves to the first guiding groove or the second guiding groove and reaches a predetermined angle, the cam rotating shaft can be locked with the cylinder body through the positioning member, so as to further ensure that the cam rotating shaft and the cylinder body can perform synchronous movement, which is helpful for subsequent directional drilling operations.

[0025] Fourth, the internal structure of the present invention is simple and the connection is convenient, there is no problem of threading cables, and it has the advantages of convenient operation, high safety and reliability, etc., so that it can be more easily applied to coiled tubing directional drilling operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 Schematically shows the structure of the orientator according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 For Figure 1 the partial view in;

[0029] Figure 3 Schematically shows the adjustment state of the orientator according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 Schematically shows the structure of the track in the orientator according to the present invention.

[0031] In the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals. The drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Detailed Implementation Modes

[0032] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than an exhaustive list of all embodiments. And without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0034] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected to", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements.

[0035] The directional terms "upstream" or "above" or similar terms refer to the direction close to the wellhead, that is, Figure 1 the top direction in Figure 1 The directional terms "downstream" or "below" or similar terms refer to the direction away from the wellhead, that is,

[0036] For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 Schematically shows the structure of the orientator according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 For Figure 1 the partial view in

[0040] Figure 3 Schematically shows the adjustment state of the orientator according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 Schematically shows the structure of the track in the orientator according to the present invention.

[0042] Such as Figure 1As shown, the orientator 100 according to the present invention includes a driving mechanism. The driving mechanism includes a cylinder body 11, a piston shaft 12 concentrically arranged within the cylinder body 11, and a first spring 13 disposed in the annulus between the cylinder body 11 and the piston shaft 12. Among them, a central flow passage 124 allowing drilling fluid to pass through is formed within the piston shaft 12.

[0043] Preferably, when the pump is turned on, the drilling fluid flows through the central flow passage 124 and forms a hydraulic pressure difference acting on the piston shaft 12. Therefore, the piston shaft 12 can compress the first spring 13 under the hydraulic pressure difference and move axially downward; when the pump is turned off, the piston shaft 12 can move axially upward under the elastic force of the first spring 13 to achieve reset.

[0044] In the present invention, the first spring 13 is preferably an axially positioned helical spring.

[0045] In one embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the piston shaft 12 includes a first piston shaft portion 121 and a second piston shaft portion 122. Among them, the diameter of the first piston shaft portion 121 is larger than that of the second piston shaft portion 122. Preferably, the outer peripheral surface of the first piston shaft portion 121 can form a sealed connection with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder body 11, thereby effectively preventing the intrusion of drilling fluid and further ensuring the safety of the orientator 100 downhole.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, a sealing portion 111 extending radially inward is formed on the inner wall of the cylinder body 11. Preferably, the outer peripheral surface of the second piston shaft portion 122 can form a sealed connection with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder body 11 through the sealing portion 111 to further improve the sealing performance of the orientator 100 itself.

[0047] According to the invention, the orientator 100 further includes an adjusting mechanism. As Figure 1 and 2 shown, the adjusting mechanism includes a piston rod 21 threadedly connected to the piston shaft 12, a cam rotating shaft 22 sleeved outside the piston rod 21, and a first fixed seat 24 and a second fixed seat 25 disposed on both sides of the cam rotating shaft 22. Among them, the piston rod 21 is disposed downstream of the piston shaft 12, and the piston rod 21 is threadedly connected to the lower end surface of the second piston shaft portion 122, thereby ensuring that the piston rod 21 can move synchronously with the piston shaft 12.

[0048] In the present invention, the first fixed seat 24 is preferably a rotating shaft upper thrust bearing; the second fixed seat 25 is preferably a rotating shaft lower thrust bearing.

[0049] In one embodiment, the cam rotating shaft 22 and the piston rod 21 are in clearance fit, and the axial position of the cam rotating shaft 22 on the piston rod 21 is effectively restricted under the combined action of the first fixed seat 24 and the second fixed seat 25. Therefore, the cam rotating shaft 22 in the present invention can not only perform synchronous axial movement with the piston rod 21, but also rotate flexibly relative to the piston rod 21, and its content will be specifically introduced below.

[0050] In one embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, a bearing 123 is provided at the joint of the second piston shaft portion 122 and the first piston shaft portion 121. Preferably, the bearing 123 is sleeved outside the second piston shaft portion 122, and under the action of the bearing 123, it can effectively prevent the first spring 13 from being twisted when the piston shaft 12 moves axially. In other words, through the bearing 123, it can be ensured that the first spring 13 only bears axial pressure when the pump is started or stopped, thereby further improving the service life of the first spring 13.

[0051] In the present invention, the bearing 123 is preferably a spring thrust bearing.

[0052] In one embodiment, a spring seat 131 is further provided between the bearing 123 and the first spring 13.

[0053] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the piston shaft 12 is configured to be able to move synchronously with the piston rod 21 and the cam rotating shaft 22. Preferably, when the pump is started, the piston shaft 12 can move downward synchronously with the piston rod 21 and the cam rotating shaft 22 under the action of the hydraulic pressure difference; when the pump is stopped, the piston shaft 12 can move upward synchronously with the piston rod 21 and the cam rotating shaft 22 under the elastic force of the first spring 13.

[0054] According to the present invention, as Figure 1 and 2 shown, a positioning assembly 14 is provided in the cylinder body 11, and a track 23 for matching with the positioning assembly 14 is provided on the cam rotating shaft 22. Preferably, the positioning assembly 14 can perform directional movement (i.e., move in a single direction) in the track 23, and can transmit torque to the cam rotating shaft 22 to ensure that the cam rotating shaft 22 can smoothly perform directional rotation operations when the pump is started or stopped, and its content will be introduced below.

[0055] According to the present invention, the track 23 is configured as a wavy annular groove and includes a plurality of guiding groups connected end to end. Preferably, the track 23 is machined circumferentially on the outer peripheral surface of the cam rotating shaft 22, and the track 23 is set in a closed-loop form, so as to ensure that the positioning assembly 14 can always move in the track 23 to achieve the purpose of adjusting the circumferential position of the cam rotating shaft 22. In one embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 4As shown, the guiding group includes a first guiding groove 231 and a second guiding groove 232.

[0056] In the present invention, when the pump is started, the piston shaft 12 can move downward synchronously with the piston rod 21 and the cam rotating shaft 22 under the action of the hydraulic pressure difference. At the same time, the positioning assembly 14 moves from the first guiding groove 231 to the second guiding groove 232, thereby transmitting the torque to the cam rotating shaft 22 to ensure that the cam rotating shaft 22 can rotate by a certain angle while moving downward.

[0057] In the present invention, when the pump is stopped, the piston shaft 12 can move upward synchronously with the piston rod 21 and the cam rotating shaft 22 under the elastic force of the first spring 13. At the same time, the positioning assembly 14 moves from the second guiding groove 232 to the first guiding groove 231, thereby transmitting the torque to the cam rotating shaft 22 again to ensure that the cam rotating shaft 22 can rotate by a certain angle while moving upward.

[0058] Preferably, the direction of rotation of the cam rotating shaft 22 is the same during the upward and downward movements, that is, it rotates in a single direction.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present invention, steps are respectively provided at the ends of the first guiding groove 231 and the second guiding groove 232. Preferably, the steps are configured as ramp steps, and the lowest point of the ramp steps is flush with the first guiding groove 231 and the second guiding groove 232 respectively.

[0060] Therefore, the positioning assembly 14 can slide upward through the steps in the first guiding groove 231 to the highest point and then fall into the second guiding groove 232, or slide upward through the steps in the second guiding groove 232 to the highest point and then fall into the first guiding groove 231, thereby ensuring that the cam rotating shaft 22 can smoothly complete the rotational movement.

[0061] Preferably, under the action of the ramp steps, it is ensured that the positioning assembly 14 can only move in a single direction; correspondingly, the cam rotating shaft 22 will also be able to rotate in a single direction.

[0062] In the present invention, when the positioning assembly 14 moves from the first guiding groove 231 to the second guiding groove 232, a pump start operation is completed; when the positioning assembly 14 continues to move from the second guiding groove 232 to the second first guiding groove 231, a pump stop operation is completed.

[0063] Preferably, a total of 8 guiding groups connected end to end are provided in the present invention. Therefore, for each pump start-stop operation, the rotation angle of the cam rotating shaft 22 is 45°, that is, the working surface angle rotates by 45°.

[0064] Preferably, in the present invention, the steps include a first step 233 provided at the end of the first guiding groove 231 and a second step 234 provided at the end of the second guiding groove 232.

[0065] In the present invention, the positions of the first guiding grooves 231 are at A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, and A8 as shown in Figure 4 ; the positions of the second guiding grooves 232 are at B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, and B8 as shown in Figure 4 ; the positions of the first steps 233 are at C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, and C8 as shown in Figure 4 ; the positions of the second steps 234 are at D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7, and D8 as shown in Figure 4 .

[0066] However, in other embodiments of the present invention, the track 23 can also be designed with more guiding groups according to actual requirements, so that the cam rotation shaft 22 can rotate a smaller angle each time the pump is started and stopped, thereby further improving the adjustment accuracy of the orientator 100.

[0067] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 , a clamping seat 112 and a snap ring 113 are provided in the cylinder body 11. Preferably, the orientation assembly 14 can be radially inserted into the clamping seat 112 and can be firmly installed in the clamping seat 112 through the snap ring 113, thereby improving the stability of the orientator 100 during downhole operation.

[0068] According to the present invention, as shown in Figure 2 , the orientation assembly 14 includes a cylindrical outer pin 141 that forms a sealed connection with the clamping seat 112, a cylindrical inner pin 142 nested in the cylindrical outer pin 141, and a second spring 143 provided between the cylindrical outer pin 141 and the cylindrical inner pin 142. Preferably, the cylindrical inner pin 142 is configured to always abut against the first guiding groove 231 or the second guiding groove 232 in the track 23 under the elastic force of the second spring 143 to ensure that the torque can be smoothly transmitted to the cam rotation shaft 22.

[0069] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the pump is started, the cam rotation shaft 22 can be oriented and rotated at a fixed angle when the cylindrical inner pin 142 moves from the first guiding groove 231 to the second guiding groove 232; when the pump is stopped, the cam rotation shaft 22 can be oriented and rotated at a fixed angle when the cylindrical inner pin 142 moves from the second guiding groove 232 to the first guiding groove 231.

[0070] In the present invention, when the pump is started (i.e., the cylindrical inner pin 142 moves from the first guiding groove 231 to the second guiding groove 232) and when the pump is stopped (i.e., the cylindrical inner pin 142 moves from the second guiding groove 232 to the first guiding groove 231), the angle of rotation of the cam rotating shaft 22 can be adjusted according to actual usage requirements by adjusting the dimensions of the first guiding groove 231 or the second guiding groove 232. For example, if the angle of rotation of the cam rotating shaft 22 for each start-stop pump operation is 45°, and in one start-stop pump operation, the angle of rotation of the cam rotating shaft 22 for starting the pump once is 30°, and the angle of rotation of the cam rotating shaft 22 for stopping the pump once is 15°.

[0071] In one embodiment, a positioning member is further provided on the cam rotating shaft 22. Preferably, when the cylindrical inner pin 142 moves to the first guiding groove 231 or the second guiding groove 232 and reaches a predetermined angle, the cam rotating shaft 22 can be locked with the cylinder body 11 through the positioning member, so as to further ensure that the cam rotating shaft 22 and the cylinder body 11 can move synchronously, thereby facilitating subsequent directional drilling operations.

[0072] In one embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the adjusting mechanism further includes a washer 26 provided between the first fixing seat 24 and the piston rod 21, and a lock nut 27 provided downstream of the second fixing seat 25. Preferably, the washer 26, the first fixing seat 24, the cam rotating shaft 22, and the second fixing seat 25 are sequentially sleeved outside the piston rod 21, and are all pressed on the piston rod 21 through the lock nut 27, so as to ensure that the cam rotating shaft 22 can move synchronously with the piston rod 21.

[0073] In one embodiment, a downhole tool (not shown) is provided at the free end of the cam rotating shaft 22. The downhole tool includes a bent screw motor (not shown) and a drill bit (not shown). Preferably, the present invention can rotate the cam rotating shaft 22 through start-stop pump operations, so as to change the working surface of the bent screw motor until the required angle, thereby facilitating subsequent directional drilling operations.

[0074] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 to 3 shown, sealing rings 30 are provided between the cylinder body 11 and the piston shaft 12, between the piston shaft 12 and the piston rod 21, and between the piston rod 21 and the cam rotating shaft 22. In this way, it can effectively prevent drilling fluid from invading into the components of the orientator 100, so as to further ensure the accuracy of the adjustment of the orientator 100.

[0075] The following introduces the assembly process of the present invention:

[0076] First, install the piston shaft 12, the bearing 123, and the first spring 13 into the cylinder body 11.

[0077] Then, the washer 26, the first fixing seat 25, the cam rotating shaft 22, and the second fixing seat 16 are sleeved on the piston rod 21 in sequence and fastened by the nut 27.

[0078] Finally, the assembled adjusting mechanism as a whole is installed into the inner cavity of the cylinder body 11, and the piston rod 21 is threadedly connected to the piston shaft 12, thus completing the overall assembly work of the orientator 100.

[0079] The following combines with the attached Figures 1 to 3 to introduce the working principle of the present invention:

[0080] When starting the pump, the piston shaft 12 moves downward synchronously with the piston rod 21 and the cam rotating shaft 22 under the action of the hydraulic pressure difference. At the same time, the cylindrical inner pin 142 moves from the first guiding groove 231 to the second guiding groove 232, thereby prompting the cam rotating shaft 22 to rotate directionally and at a fixed angle.

[0081] When stopping the pump, the piston shaft 12 moves upward synchronously with the piston rod 21 and the cam rotating shaft 22 under the elastic force of the first spring 13. At the same time, the cylindrical inner pin 142 moves from the second guiding groove 232 to the first guiding groove 231, thereby prompting the cam rotating shaft 22 to rotate directionally and at a fixed angle.

[0082] Thus, the present invention can drive the cam rotating shaft 22 to rotate unidirectionally and cyclically infinitely by starting and stopping the pump operation, thereby driving the bent screw motor and the drill bit to rotate, so as to change the tool face of the bent screw motor until the required angle, which is helpful for the subsequent directional drilling operation.

[0083] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0084] First, the present invention can make the cam rotating shaft 22 perform axial movement through starting and stopping the pump operation, and can enable the cam rotating shaft 22 to have the ability to perform axial movement and rotational movement simultaneously through the positioning assembly 14 and the track 23, thereby driving the bent screw motor and the drill bit to rotate, so as to change the tool face of the bent screw motor until the required angle, and further being helpful for the subsequent directional drilling operation.

[0085] Second, more guiding groups can be designed for the track 23 in the present invention according to actual needs, so that the cam rotating shaft 22 can rotate a smaller angle each time the pump is started and stopped, so as to further improve the adjustment accuracy of the orientator 100. In addition, the rotation angle of the cam rotating shaft 22 in the present invention when starting or stopping the pump can also be adjusted by adjusting the dimensions of the first guiding groove 231 or the second guiding groove 232 according to actual use requirements.

[0086] Thirdly, when the cylindrical inner pin 142 in the present invention moves to the first guiding groove 231 or the second guiding groove 232 and reaches a predetermined angle, the cam rotating shaft 22 and the cylinder body 11 can be locked by the positioning member, so as to further ensure that the cam rotating shaft 22 and the cylinder body 11 can move synchronously, thereby contributing to the subsequent directional drilling operation.

[0087] Fourthly, the internal structure of the present invention is simple and the connection is convenient, there is no problem of threading cables, and it has the advantages of convenient operation, high safety and reliability, etc., so that it can be more easily applied to the coiled tubing directional drilling operation.

[0088] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily make changes or variations within the disclosure scope of the present invention, and such changes or variations should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A orientator, comprising: A driving mechanism, which includes a cylinder body (11), a piston shaft (12) concentrically arranged inside the cylinder body (11), and a first spring (13) arranged in the annulus between the cylinder body (11) and the piston shaft (12), wherein a positioning assembly (14) is arranged inside the cylinder body (11). An adjusting mechanism, which includes a piston rod (21) threadedly connected to the piston shaft (12), and a cam rotating shaft (22) sleeved outside the piston rod (21), wherein a track (23) for matching with the positioning assembly (14) is arranged on the cam rotating shaft (22).

2. The orienter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The track (23) is configured as a wavy annular groove and includes a plurality of guiding groups connected end to end.

3. The orienter according to claim 2, wherein Each guiding group includes a first guiding groove (231) and a second guiding groove (232), and a step arranged at the ends of the first guiding groove (231) and the second guiding groove (232) and allowing the orienting movement of the positioning assembly (14).

4. The orienter according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step is configured as a ramp step, and the lowest points of the ramp step are flush with the first guiding groove (231) and the second guiding groove (232) respectively.

5. The orienter according to claim 4, wherein The positioning assembly (14) is radially arranged on the cylinder body (11) and includes a cylindrical outer pin (141), a cylindrical inner pin (142) nested inside the cylindrical outer pin (141), and a second spring (143) arranged between the cylindrical inner pin (142) and the cylindrical outer pin (141). Wherein, the cylindrical inner pin (142) abuts against the track (23) under the action of the second spring (143), and the cam rotating shaft (22) is configured to be able to rotate directionally when the cylindrical inner pin (142) moves from the first guiding groove (231) to the second guiding groove (232) or from the second guiding groove (232) to the first guiding groove (231).

6. The orienter according to claim 5, wherein The piston shaft (12) includes a first piston shaft portion (121) forming a sealed connection with the inner wall of the cylinder body (11), and a second piston shaft portion (122) arranged downstream of the first piston shaft portion (121), wherein the first spring (13) is sleeved outside the second piston shaft portion (122).

7. The orienter according to claim 6, wherein A bearing (123) allowing only axial movement of the first spring (13) is arranged at the joint of the second piston shaft portion (122) and the first piston shaft portion (121). The piston shaft (12) is configured to be able to move downward synchronously with the piston rod (21) and the cam rotating shaft (22) under the action of a pressure difference, and move upward synchronously with the piston rod (21) and the cam rotating shaft (22) under the elastic force of the first spring (13).

8. The orienter according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cam rotating shaft (22) has a clearance fit with the piston rod (21).

9. The orienter according to claim 8, wherein The adjusting mechanism further includes a first fixing seat (24) and a second fixing seat (25) respectively arranged at two ends of the cam rotating shaft (22), a washer (26) arranged between the first fixing seat (24) and the piston rod (21), and a lock nut (27) arranged downstream of the second fixing seat (25).

10. The orienter according to claim 9, characterized in that, A downhole tool is provided at the free end of the cam rotating shaft (22), and the downhole tool includes a bent screw motor and a drill bit.

11. The orienter according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, Sealing rings (30) are provided between the cylinder body (11) and the piston shaft (12), between the piston shaft (12) and the piston rod (21), and between the piston rod (21) and the cam rotating shaft (22).

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