Tunnel anchor rod

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a tunnel anchor rod which comprises a main rod body, a tray and a main nut, a first auxiliary rod is mounted at one end of the main rod body, the main rod body and the first auxiliary rod are mutually clamped, a second auxiliary rod is mounted at the other end of the main rod body, and the main rod body and the second auxiliary rod are mutually clamped. Connecting sleeves are installed on the outer sides of the joints of the two ends of the main rod body and the first auxiliary rod and the second auxiliary rod, a tray is installed on the outer side of the other end of the second auxiliary rod, a main nut is installed on the other side of the tray, and the main nut is spirally connected with the second auxiliary rod; according to the invention, through the arrangement of the main rod body, the first auxiliary rod, the second auxiliary rod and the connecting sleeve, not only can the stability of connection among the plurality of rod bodies be effectively ensured, the installation and the use are convenient, but also the rod body with the proper length can be selected according to the actual depth, so that the installation and the use are convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly to a tunnel bolt. Background Technique

[0002] Tunnel bolts are key supporting components used to reinforce surrounding rocks in tunnel engineering. They are implanted into the rock mass through drilling and fixed by grouting. Their core function is to actively enhance the self-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock, form a "surrounding rock - bolt" collaborative bearing system through prestress application, effectively inhibit the deformation and slip of the rock mass, and prevent cave-ins and roof falls. This active support method combines economy and safety, can reduce the lining thickness, and control construction deformation. It is the core technical means to ensure the safety of the tunnel throughout its life cycle. However, most of the existing tunnel bolts have a relatively simple design, and most are a single structure with a fixed size. This design is not conducive to being applied to installation holes of different depths. There are also a small number of bolts composed of multiple connectable rod bodies, but they lack a design for strengthening the connection part and cannot ensure their stable connection. Therefore, a tunnel bolt is proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel bolt to solve the problems raised in the above background technique.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A tunnel bolt includes a main rod body, a tray, and a main nut. One end of the main rod body is installed with a first sub-rod, and the main rod body and the first sub-rod are mutually engaged. The other end of the main rod body is installed with a second sub-rod, and the main rod body and the second sub-rod are mutually engaged. Connecting sleeves are installed on the outer sides of the joints between the two ends of the main rod body and the first and second sub-rods. A tray is installed on the outer side of the other end of the second sub-rod, and a main nut is installed on the other side of the tray, and the main nut is screwed onto the second sub-rod.

[0005] Preferably, the inner sides of the main rod body, the first sub-rod, and the second sub-rod are all hollow. Threads are provided on the outer sides of the main rod body, the first sub-rod, and the second sub-rod, and the main rod body, the first sub-rod, and the second sub-rod are screwed onto the connecting sleeves through the threads.

[0006] Preferably, L-shaped card slots are provided at both ends of the main rod body, at the end of the first sub-rod close to the main rod body, and at the end of the second sub-rod close to the main rod body. The main rod body and the first sub-rod are engaged through the card slots, and the main rod body and the second sub-rod are engaged through the card slots.

[0007] Preferably, the number of the first sub-rod and the second sub-rod is 1 each, and the first sub-rod and the second sub-rod are respectively installed on both sides of the main rod body. The number of the main rod bodies is multiple, and each adjacent main rod body is connected through a connecting sleeve.

[0008] Preferably, a grout stopper is installed on the side of the tray away from the main nut. The grout stopper is annularly arranged and installed on the outside of the second auxiliary rod. The side of the grout stopper close to the tray is flat, and the side of the grout stopper away from the tray is arc-shaped.

[0009] Preferably, a self-expanding anchor head assembly is installed on the side of the first auxiliary rod away from the main rod body. The self-expanding anchor head assembly includes an anchor head structure and a self-triggering structure.

[0010] Preferably, the anchor head structure includes an anchor body unit. Grooves are evenly formed on the outside of the first auxiliary rod, and the anchor body unit is installed in the grooves. One side of the anchor body unit is provided with a hinge, and the other end of the hinge is installed on the side wall of the groove of the first auxiliary rod. A cavity is formed inside the anchor body unit, and a compression spring is installed inside the cavity. Arc-shaped grooves are formed on the outside of both the first auxiliary rod and the anchor body unit, and fixing rings are installed inside the arc-shaped grooves.

[0011] Preferably, the self-triggering structure includes a movable frame. The movable frame is slidably installed at one end of the first auxiliary rod. A support spring is installed on the outside of the movable frame, and both ends of the support spring are in contact with the movable frame and the first auxiliary rod respectively. A cutter head is installed at one end of the movable frame, and empty grooves are formed on the side wall of the first auxiliary rod, and both ends of the cutter head are placed inside the empty grooves.

[0012] Preferably, positioners are evenly installed on the outside of the main rod body, the first auxiliary rod, and the second auxiliary rod. The number of positioners is multiple, and the positioners are evenly installed on the outside of the main rod body, the first auxiliary rod, and the second auxiliary rod.

[0013] Preferably, the positioner includes elastic positioning pieces. The number of elastic positioning pieces is multiple. A first fixing nut is installed on one side of the elastic positioning piece. A connecting ring is installed on one side of the elastic positioning piece, and a second fixing nut is rotatably installed on the other side of the connecting ring, and the first fixing nut and the second fixing nut.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In the present invention, by providing the main rod body, the first auxiliary rod, the second auxiliary rod, and the connecting sleeve, not only can the connection stability between multiple rod bodies be effectively ensured, which is convenient for installation and use, but also rod bodies with appropriate lengths can be selected according to the actual depth, thus facilitating installation and use.

[0015] 2. In the present invention, the self-expanding anchor head assembly not only facilitates the installation of the rod body in the early stage, but also can simply and quickly release the anchor body when the rod body needs to be fixed later, so that it can be installed and used quickly and stably.

[0016] 3. In the present invention, through the provided locator, not only is it convenient for the precise and stable installation of the rod body, but also it is convenient for simple and convenient assembly and use during actual use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is an exploded view of the present invention; Figure 3 is the present invention Figure 1 cross-sectional view; Figure 4 is the present invention Figure 2 exploded view; Figure 5 is the present invention Figure 4 schematic diagram of the structure at position A of the present invention; Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the self-expanding anchor head assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the locator of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1, main rod body; 2, first sub-rod; 3, second sub-rod; 4, self-expanding anchor head assembly; 41, hinge; 42, empty groove; 43, cutter head; 44, movable frame; 45, support spring; 46, fixed ring; 47, compression spring; 48, anchor body unit; 5, locator; 51, second fixing nut; 52, connecting ring; 53, first fixing nut; 54, elastic positioning piece; 6, connecting sleeve; 7, tray; 8, main nut; 9, grout stopper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0019] Please refer to Figure 1-7 , the present invention provides a technical solution: A tunnel bolt includes a main rod body 1, a tray 7 and a main nut 8. One end of the main rod body 1 is provided with a first sub-rod 2, and the main rod body 1 and the first sub-rod 2 are mutually engaged. The other end of the main rod body 1 is provided with a second sub-rod 3, and the main rod body 1 and the second sub-rod 3 are mutually engaged. Connecting sleeves 6 are installed on the outer sides of the joints between the two ends of the main rod body 1 and the first sub-rod 2 and the second sub-rod 3. The other end of the second sub-rod 3 is provided with a tray 7 on the outer side, and a main nut 8 is installed on the other side of the tray 7, and the main nut 8 is screwed to the second sub-rod 3.

[0020] The inner sides of the main rod body 1, the first auxiliary rod 2, and the second auxiliary rod 3 are all hollow. Threads are provided on the outer sides of the main rod body 1, the first auxiliary rod 2, and the second auxiliary rod 3, and the main rod body 1, the first auxiliary rod 2, and the second auxiliary rod 3 are screwed and connected to the connecting sleeve 6 through the threads. This setting not only facilitates the later pouring of concrete but also ensures the stability of the connection of the entire rod body; L-shaped card slots are provided at both ends of the main rod body 1, at the end of the first auxiliary rod 2 close to the main rod body 1, and at the end of the second auxiliary rod 3 close to the main rod body 1. The main rod body 1 and the first auxiliary rod 2 are engaged through the card slots, and the main rod body 1 and the second auxiliary rod 3 are engaged through the card slots. This setting can effectively ensure the stable connection between each rod unit and ensure later use; The number of the first auxiliary rod 2 and the second auxiliary rod 3 is 1 each, and the first auxiliary rod 2 and the second auxiliary rod 3 are respectively installed on both sides of the main rod body 1. The number of the main rod bodies 1 is multiple, and each adjacent main rod body 1 is connected through the connecting sleeve 6. This setting can form rod bodies of different lengths, which is beneficial for flexible construction use; A grout stop plug 9 is installed on the side of the tray 7 away from the main nut 8. The grout stop plug 9 is annularly arranged and is installed on the outer side of the second auxiliary rod 3. The side of the grout stop plug 9 close to the tray 7 is flat, and the side away from the tray 7 is arc-shaped. This setting can better seal the hole and prevent the overflow of concrete; A self-expanding anchor head assembly 4 is installed on the side of the first auxiliary rod 2 away from the main rod body 1. The self-expanding anchor head assembly 4 includes an anchor head structure and a self-triggering structure; The anchor head structure includes an anchor body unit 48. Grooves are evenly provided on the outer side of the first auxiliary rod 2, and the anchor body unit 48 is installed in the grooves. A hinge 41 is installed on one side of the anchor body unit 48, and the other end of the hinge 41 is installed on the side wall of the groove of the first auxiliary rod 2. A cavity is provided inside the anchor body unit 48, and a compression spring 47 is installed inside the cavity. Arc-shaped grooves are provided on the outer sides of the first auxiliary rod 2 and the anchor body unit 48, and a fixing ring 46 is installed inside the arc-shaped grooves. This setting enables one side of the rod body to be conveniently unfolded, which not only facilitates installation but also ensures the stability of later anchoring; The self-triggering structure includes a movable frame 44. The movable frame 44 is slidably installed at one end of the first auxiliary rod 2. A support spring 45 is installed on the outer side of the movable frame 44, and both ends of the support spring 45 are respectively in contact with the movable frame 44 and the first auxiliary rod 2. A cutter head 43 is installed at one end of the movable frame 44. An empty groove 42 is provided on the side wall of the first auxiliary rod 2, and both ends of the cutter head 43 are placed inside the empty groove 42. This setting can simply and quickly trigger the anchor head structure; Positioners 5 are evenly installed on the outer sides of the main rod body 1, the first auxiliary rod 2, and the second auxiliary rod 3. The number of the positioners 5 is multiple, and the positioners 5 are evenly installed on the outer sides of the main rod body 1, the first auxiliary rod 2, and the second auxiliary rod 3. This setting can ensure that the rod body is located at the central position of the hole, thus ensuring the stability of use;The locator 5 includes elastic positioning pieces 54. The number of the elastic positioning pieces 54 is multiple. A first fixing nut 53 is installed on one side of the elastic positioning piece 54. A connecting ring 52 is installed on one side of the elastic positioning piece 54. And a second fixing nut 51 is rotatably installed on the other side of the connecting ring 52. With such a setting, the diameter of the locator 5 can be adjusted simply and conveniently, so as to be suitable for holes with different diameters.

[0021] Workflow: First, perform component assembly. According to the actual length, the main rod body 1, the first sub-rod 2, and the second sub-rod 3 are engaged through L-shaped card slots and are helically fixed at both ends through a connecting sleeve 6 to form a stable rod body structure. Then, install a self-expanding anchor head assembly 4 at the end of the first sub-rod 2 to ensure that the anchor body unit 48 is retracted into the groove through a hinge 41, and the movable frame 44 is pre-compressed by a support spring 45. Then, after drilling a hole in the surrounding rock, insert the assembled bolt into the hole. Before inserting the bolt into the hole, install the locator 5 on the outside of the bolt. By rotating the second fixing nut 51, the elastic positioning piece 54 is squeezed, and the elastic positioning piece 54 expands under pressure, so as to achieve the effect of adjusting the size of the locator 5, and further facilitate the subsequent auxiliary centering of the bolt. Finally, when the bolt is inserted to the set depth, the movable frame 44 of the self-expanding anchor head assembly 4 moves backward under the extrusion of the hole wall, the cutter head 43 cuts off the fixing ring 46, and the compression spring 47 releases to push the anchor body unit 48 to expand outward and embed into the rock mass to achieve mechanical anchoring. Then, grout is injected through the hollow channel of the rod body, the grout fills the rock mass cracks, and the arc surface design of the grout plug 9 fits the hole wall to prevent the grout from overflowing. After the grout solidifies, rotate the main nut 8 to press the tray 7 and apply prestress to form a "surrounding rock - bolt" collaborative stress system to complete the support.

[0022] In this article, specific examples are used to elaborate on the principle and implementation mode of the present invention. The description of the above examples is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. The above is only the preferred implementation mode of the present invention. It should be noted that due to the limitation of literal expression and objectively existing infinite specific structures, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements, retouches or changes can be made, or the above technical features can be combined in an appropriate way; these improvements, retouches, changes or combinations, or directly applying the concept and technical solution of the invention to other occasions without improvement, should all be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel bolt, comprising a main rod body (1), a tray (7) and a main nut (8), characterized in that: One end of the main rod body (1) is provided with a first auxiliary rod (2), and the main rod body (1) and the first auxiliary rod (2) are engaged with each other. The other end of the main rod body (1) is provided with a second auxiliary rod (3), and the main rod body (1) and the second auxiliary rod (3) are engaged with each other. Connection sleeves (6) are installed on the outer sides of the joints between the two ends of the main rod body (1) and the first auxiliary rod (2) and the second auxiliary rod (3). A tray (7) is installed on the outer side of the other end of the second auxiliary rod (3). A main nut (8) is installed on the other side of the tray (7), and the main nut (8) is screwed to the second auxiliary rod (3).

2. The tunnel bolt according to claim 1, wherein: The inner sides of the main rod body (1), the first auxiliary rod (2) and the second auxiliary rod (3) are all hollow. Threads are provided on the outer sides of the main rod body (1), the first auxiliary rod (2) and the second auxiliary rod (3), and the main rod body (1), the first auxiliary rod (2) and the second auxiliary rod (3) are screwed to the connection sleeve (6) through the threads.

3. A tunnel bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: L-shaped slots are provided at both ends of the main rod body (1), at the end of the first auxiliary rod (2) close to the main rod body (1), and at the end of the second auxiliary rod (3) close to the main rod body (1). The main rod body (1) and the first auxiliary rod (2) are engaged through the slots, and the main rod body (1) and the second auxiliary rod (3) are engaged through the slots.

4. A tunnel bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the first auxiliary rod (2) and the second auxiliary rod (3) is both 1, and the first auxiliary rod (2) and the second auxiliary rod (3) are respectively installed on both sides of the main rod body (1). The number of the main rod bodies (1) is multiple, and each adjacent main rod body (1) is connected through the connection sleeve (6).

5. A tunnel bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: A grout stop plug (9) is installed on the side of the tray (7) away from the main nut (8). The grout stop plug (9) is annularly arranged and is installed on the outer side of the second auxiliary rod (3). The side of the grout stop plug (9) close to the tray (7) is flat, and the side of the grout stop plug (9) away from the tray (7) is arc-shaped.

6. The tunnel bolt according to claim 1, wherein: A self-expanding anchor head assembly (4) is installed on the side of the first auxiliary rod (2) away from the main rod body (1). The self-expanding anchor head assembly (4) includes an anchor head structure and a self-triggering structure.

7. A tunnel bolt according to claim 6, characterized in that: The anchor head structure includes an anchor body unit (48). Grooves are evenly provided on the outer side of the first auxiliary rod (2), and the anchor body unit (48) is installed in the grooves. One side of the anchor body unit (48) is provided with a hinge (41), and the other end of the hinge (41) is installed on the side wall of the groove of the first auxiliary rod (2). A cavity is provided inside the anchor body unit (48), and a compression spring (47) is installed inside the cavity. Arc-shaped grooves are provided on the outer sides of the first auxiliary rod (2) and the anchor body unit (48), and fixing rings (46) are installed inside the arc-shaped grooves.

8. A tunnel bolt according to claim 6, characterized in that: The self-triggering structure includes a movable frame (44), the movable frame (44) is slidably installed at one end of the first auxiliary rod (2), a support spring (45) is installed on the outer side of the movable frame (44), both ends of the support spring (45) are respectively in contact with the movable frame (44) and the first auxiliary rod (2), a cutter head (43) is installed at one end of the movable frame (44), an empty groove (42) is formed on the side wall of the first auxiliary rod (2), and both ends of the cutter head (43) are placed inside the empty groove (42).

9. A tunnel bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: Positioners (5) are evenly installed on the outer sides of the main rod body (1), the first auxiliary rod (2) and the second auxiliary rod (3). The number of the positioners (5) is multiple, and the positioners (5) are evenly installed on the outer sides of the main rod body (1), the first auxiliary rod (2) and the second auxiliary rod (3).

10. A tunnel bolt according to claim 9, characterized in that: The positioner (5) includes elastic positioning pieces (54). The number of the elastic positioning pieces (54) is multiple. A first fixing nut (53) is installed on one side of the elastic positioning piece (54). A connecting ring (52) is installed on one side of the elastic positioning piece (54). The other side of the connecting ring (52) is rotatably installed with a second fixing nut (51), and the first fixing nut (53) and the second fixing nut (51).

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