Movable in-tunnel ventilation system for tunnel blasting construction and operation method of movable in-tunnel ventilation system

Abstract

The invention relates to a movable tunnel blasting construction in-hole ventilation system and an operation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of long tunnel ventilation. The system comprises a movable air curtain blocking device and a tunnel air draft device. The operation method of the system comprises the steps that an air curtain blocking device is arranged in a tunnel blasting construction area, dust, poisonous gas and the like generated by blasting are limited in a blasting pollution area, and a tunnel air draft device is arranged to efficiently discharge dust, poisonous gas and the like generated by blasting construction of a construction tunnel face out of a tunnel hole. According to the invention, the ventilation efficiency in the blasting construction period of the long and large tunnel is improved, dust, smoke, toxic and harmful gases and the like are efficiently discharged out of the tunnel hole, and the influence of pollutants on the health of constructors and the construction environment is reduced. Compared with a method for ventilating by digging a vertical shaft, an inclined shaft and a transverse channel in the traditional technology, large-scale excavation of the vertical shaft, the inclined shaft and a parallel guide tunnel is not needed, the construction cost is effectively reduced, and the construction period is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ventilation for long tunnels, and particularly to a movable in-tunnel ventilation system for tunnel blasting construction and an operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the construction process of long tunnel projects, construction ventilation faces a series of problems and challenges. Due to the special geographical environment and construction conditions of long tunnel projects, the ventilation effect is often not ideal. The air flow inside the tunnel is restricted, the ventilation distance is long, and it is difficult to achieve the expected ventilation effect. This will result in poor air quality inside the tunnel, affecting the health and work efficiency of construction workers. Construction ventilation requires a large amount of energy input, especially long-term ventilation, which will increase the construction ventilation cost and have an adverse impact on economic benefits. The ventilation system of long tunnel projects involves a large number of equipment and pipelines. The layout and installation process are complex, requiring a large amount of manpower and maintenance, and there is a certain risk in achieving the designed ventilation effect.

[0003] The longitudinal ventilation mode is only applicable to tunnels with a length of no more than 1000m, and then it is gradually relaxed to 2000m. After practical verification, the longitudinal ventilation system can be effectively applied to tunnels up to 5000m in length without additional auxiliary shafts. Its main advantages lie in saving civil engineering costs, ventilation equipment expenditures, and operation costs. For example, for two double-track tunnels on the Chengyu Highway, the original semi-transverse ventilation design was optimized to a longitudinal ventilation mode, saving 30 million yuan in investment. Although the longitudinal ventilation system can be effectively applied to tunnels up to 5000m in length, there are still not a few tunnels over 5000m in length for long tunnels. It can be seen that the current ventilation mode cannot meet the construction needs of long tunnels. Currently, most tunnels over 5000m in length for long tunnels use vertical shafts, inclined shafts, and cross passages for tunnel ventilation. However, considering that in some areas, the conditions for constructing vertical shafts, inclined shafts, and cross passages are not available, and the cost of this auxiliary ventilation system is very high (for example, the full set of construction unit prices for a 400m deep rock vertical shaft with a diameter of 8m is about 40 - 60 million yuan), and during the construction process, it will also affect the safety of the tunnel lining structure. Aiming at the problems that the conditions for setting vertical shafts, inclined shafts, and cross passages are not available, and at the same time considering that the performance of ventilation equipment does not meet the requirements of tunnel ventilation length, and the high air leakage rate of air ducts causes insufficient ventilation speed inside the tunnel, affecting the ventilation of the single-heading construction of long tunnels, a new ventilation mode for long tunnels is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art. By providing a tunnel air extraction device and a movable air curtain barrier device, a dynamic barrier formed by the air curtain divides the interior of the tunnel into a contaminated air area and a clean air area. At the same time, the modular air extraction device efficiently discharges the dust and toxic gases generated by blasting. The air curtain barrier device can be moved according to the construction requirements to form a ventilation network, eliminating the need to excavate vertical or inclined shafts, significantly reducing the construction cost and duration, and at the same time reducing the environmental damage.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a movable ventilation system for tunnel blasting construction in a tunnel, including:

[0006] A movable air curtain barrier device, arranged corresponding to the heading face, capable of moving according to the construction requirements of the heading face. The movable air curtain barrier device includes a frame-type air curtain machine, which is of a portal structure with a passage reserved in the middle for construction vehicles and personnel to pass through. An air curtain hole is provided on the outside of the frame-type air curtain machine, and a moving member is provided at the lower part. The air curtain hole sprays air flow towards the plane where the frame-type air curtain machine is located to form an air curtain that divides the tunnel into a contaminated air area and a clean air area;

[0007] A fixed base, fixed on the tunnel floor and arranged along the moving path of the movable air curtain barrier device. The frame-type air curtain machine is detachably connected to the fixed base;

[0008] A tunnel air extraction device, arranged on one side of the tunnel floor. The tunnel air extraction device extracts the gas in the contaminated air area, so that an atmospheric pressure difference is formed between the contaminated air area and the clean air area to introduce the clean air outside the tunnel into the tunnel. The tunnel air extraction device includes an air extraction pipeline, a suction-type fan, and a contaminated air pressure-out component connected in sequence from inside to outside along the tunnel. At least one contaminated air pressure-out component is provided, including a contaminated air wind storage bin, a pressure-out fan, and a pressure air pipeline connected in sequence from inside to outside along the tunnel. The pressure-out fan is arranged at the outlet of the contaminated air wind storage bin; the end of the air extraction pipeline away from the suction-type fan extends into the tunnel, and the pressure air pipeline at the end of the tunnel air extraction device extends outside the tunnel.

[0009] Furthermore, the contaminated air wind storage bin includes a box structure, which is provided with a flange and a sealing strip. The flange is used for connecting with the air extraction pipeline, and the sealing strip is arranged around the flange to ensure the airtightness of the connection. The volume of the contaminated air wind storage bin is 22.5 - 25 cubic meters.

[0010] Furthermore, the moving member is a wheel.

[0011] Further, the movable air curtain barrier device is fixed on the tunnel floor at a preset safe distance from the tunnel face through the fixed base, and the preset safe distance is 400 - 500 meters.

[0012] Further, the exhaust duct is made of galvanized air duct.

[0013] Further, a method for operating a movable in - tunnel ventilation system for tunnel blasting construction according to any one of claims 1 - 5 includes the following steps:

[0014] S1. Arrange the movable air curtain barrier device at a preset safe distance from the tunnel face and fix it on the tunnel floor through the fixed base;

[0015] S2. Install the tunnel exhaust device so that the outlet of the exhaust duct is connected to the dirty air bin;

[0016] S3. Start the frame - type air curtain machine to form an air curtain that divides the tunnel into a dirty air area and a clean air area;

[0017] S4. Start the suction - type fan. After the suction - type fan starts for 10 - 15 minutes, start the forced - draft fan, and set the power of the forced - draft fan to 0.9 - 0.95 times that of the suction - type fan. Discharge the dirty gas in the dirty air area to the outside of the tunnel through the exhaust duct and the dirty air bin. After the dirty gas is discharged, the air pressure in the dirty air area decreases, forming an atmospheric pressure difference with the clean air area communicating with the outside of the tunnel. The atmospheric pressure difference fills the dirty air area with clean air from outside the tunnel.

[0018] Further, during the process of the tunnel face advancing forward, disconnect the frame - type air curtain machine from the fixed base, move the frame - type air curtain machine so that the movable air curtain barrier device remains at a preset safe distance from the tunnel face, and then fix the frame - type air curtain machine on the tunnel floor through the fixed base.

[0019] Further, according to the length of the tunnel, add a dirty air forced - draft component behind the tunnel exhaust device in the tunnel to achieve relay exhaust.

[0020] Further, in multiple adjacent and connected dirty air forced - draft components, the power of the forced - draft fan of the latter one is set to 0.9 - 0.95 times that of the previous forced - draft fan.

[0021] Further, when the tunnel face advances forward, new fixed bases are arranged as needed.

[0022] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention combines a tunnel exhaust device and a movable air curtain barrier device inside the tunnel, divides a part of the long tunnel into a polluted air area and a clean air area. The exhaust and pollution-separating air curtain device forms a dynamic air barrier by jetting airflows, blocks the diffusion of polluted air to the clean air area, and at the same time maintains the smooth passage of vehicles and personnel, taking into account construction requirements and pollution control. The polluted air is sucked out through a pipeline by the tunnel exhaust device to optimize the air quality inside the tunnel. At the same time, modular design is adopted, and the movable air curtain barrier device inside the tunnel can be moved according to the tunnel length and construction requirements, with good adaptability and expandability. There is no need to excavate vertical shafts, and efficient ventilation and dust removal are achieved through pipelines and air curtains, reducing the damage to the geological environment, significantly shortening the construction period and reducing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic side view of a movable ventilation system inside a tunnel for blasting construction according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic front view of an air barrier device of a movable ventilation system inside a tunnel for blasting construction according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic top view of a movable ventilation system inside a tunnel for blasting construction according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 FIG. is a schematic view of the polluted air bin structure of a movable ventilation system inside a tunnel for blasting construction according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Reference numerals: 1, clean air area; 2, movable air curtain barrier device; 3, polluted air area; 4, suction fan; 5, forced draft fan; 6, polluted air bin; 7, frame type air curtain machine; 8, wheels; 9, fixed base; 10, expansion screw; 11, exhaust duct; 12, flange; 13, sealing strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "axial direction", "lateral direction", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0030] In the description of the invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific circumstances.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] The present invention aims to improve the ventilation efficiency of blasting construction in long tunnels, ensure the health and safety of construction personnel, and promote the intelligent development of tunnel construction technology. Aiming at the conditions where vertical shafts, inclined shafts, and cross passages are not available, and considering problems such as the performance of ventilation equipment not meeting the requirements of tunnel ventilation length and high air leakage rate of air ducts causing insufficient ventilation speed in the tunnel, which affect the ventilation of the single-heading construction of long tunnels, an in-tunnel ventilation system for blasting construction of long tunnels and its operation method are innovatively proposed.

[0033] As Figures 1-4 shown, this embodiment provides a movable in-tunnel ventilation system for tunnel blasting construction, including:

[0034] A movable air curtain barrier device 2, arranged corresponding to the heading face, capable of moving according to the construction requirements of the heading face. By spraying airflows, a dynamic air barrier is formed, forming an air curtain that divides the tunnel into a contaminated air area 3 and a clean air area 1, and capable of moving according to the construction requirements of the heading face. The movable air curtain barrier device 2 includes a frame-type air curtain machine 7. An air curtain hole is arranged outside the frame-type air curtain machine 7, and the air curtain hole sprays airflows towards the plane where the frame-type air curtain machine 7 is located to form an air curtain;

[0035] The fixed base 9 is fixed on the tunnel floor and arranged along the moving path of the movable air curtain blocking device 2. The frame-type air curtain machine 7 is detachably connected to the fixed base 9. Optionally, expansion screws 10 are used for fixation.

[0036] The tunnel exhaust device is arranged on the ground near the wall of the tunnel and is set according to the actual length of the tunnel. By extracting dust and toxic gases in the polluted air area, the tunnel exhaust device creates an atmospheric pressure difference between the polluted air area 3 and the clean air area 1, so as to pour the clean air outside the tunnel into the tunnel. The tunnel exhaust device includes an exhaust duct 11, a suction fan 4 and a polluted air pressure-out component that are connected in sequence from inside to outside along the tunnel. There is at least one polluted air pressure-out component, which includes a polluted air wind chamber 6, a pressure-out fan 5 and a pressure duct that are connected in sequence from inside to outside along the tunnel. One end of the exhaust duct 11 away from the suction fan 4 extends into the tunnel, and the pressure-out fan 5 is arranged at the outlet of the polluted air wind chamber 6; the pressure duct extends outside the tunnel.

[0037] For the selection of the fan, any fan that can suck the polluted or fresh gas in the air curtain blocking area into the exhaust duct 11 can be selected, such as an axial flow fan, etc.; the pipe body material of the exhaust duct 11 is a rigid polyvinyl chloride pipe, and its characteristics include corrosion resistance, smooth inner wall, not easy to scale, light weight, convenient installation, not easy to age, etc.; the pipe body material of the pressure duct is plastic cloth, that is, PVC double-sided sticker reinforced fiber mesh cloth, so that the air duct has the characteristics of tear resistance and wear resistance; to ensure the structural strength and stable operation of each device.

[0038] According to the influence of the face blasting on the safety distance in the tunnel and the requirements for the structural strength of each device, the preset safety distance is set to 400 - 500 m. As the face continuously advances in construction, we only need to move the frame-type air curtain machine 7 through the wheels 8 to ensure that the system can still efficiently discharge pollutants and change air in the blasting chamber.

[0039] Furthermore, the foul air bin 6 includes a box structure, on which a flange 12 and a sealing strip 13 are provided. The flange 12 is used to connect with the exhaust duct 11, and the sealing strip 13 is arranged around the flange 12 to ensure the airtightness of the connection. To ensure the stability of the fan operation, the volume of the foul air bin is recommended to be 22.5 - 25 cubic meters. According to the volume of the foul air bin, it is recommended to start the forced exhaust fan 10 - 15 minutes after the suction fan is started. The power of the forced exhaust fan is set to be 0.9 - 0.95 times that of the suction fan. When the tunnel length is extended again, the end of the exhaust duct is connected to another foul air bin, and another forced exhaust fan and a forced air duct are sequentially arranged behind the added foul air bin. The power of the added forced exhaust fan is 0.9 - 0.95 times that of the previous forced exhaust fan. At the same time, a 10 - 15 - minute start - up time interval is also set between the sequentially extended forced exhaust fans, and so on to form a modular assembly to achieve relay exhaust and meet the ventilation requirements until the whole unidirectional construction ventilation work of the long tunnel is completed.

[0040] Furthermore, the frame - type air curtain machine 7 is of a portal structure, made of steel pipes or I - beams, with a passage reserved in the middle for construction vehicles and construction personnel to pass through. The air curtain is arranged on the frame - type air curtain machine 7 and is used to form an air curtain that divides the tunnel space into a clean air area 1 and a foul air area 3.

[0041] Furthermore, the movable air curtain barrier device 2 further includes wheels 8 arranged under the frame - type air curtain machine 7; the movable air curtain barrier device 2 is fixed on the tunnel floor at a preset safe distance from the tunnel face through a fixed base 9, and the preset safe distance is 400 - 500 meters.

[0042] Furthermore, the exhaust duct 11 is made of galvanized air duct.

[0043] Before the tunnel blasting operation, by starting the air curtain device, after the air curtain machine device 2 starts, through the precisely regulated air outlet direction and wind speed, a powerful air flow barrier is formed to separate the polluted area of the entire tunnel after blasting from the clean area purified by the system. Then, the polluted area and the clean area are divided into two areas, regarded as the polluted air area 3 and the clean air area 1 respectively. Among them, the spray air curtain machine 2 is supported by the fixed base 9 and fixed to the ground by the expansion screw 10 to ensure the safety of the project. At the same time, start and regulate the air outlet direction and wind speed of the exhaust device 4 and the compressed air device 5, suck the dust and turbid gas generated by the explosion of the tunnel heading face from the blasting chamber 3 through the tunnel exhaust device 4 and transfer it to the dirty air bin 6, and then suck and transfer it through the tunnel compressed air device 5 and discharge it from the tunnel, guide the air flow in the tunnel, accelerate the discharge of dust and turbid gas, and ensure that harmful gases can be quickly and effectively captured and treated after being forced to concentrate; the clean gas enters the tunnel interior due to the atmospheric pressure difference inside and outside the tunnel, and by adjusting the operating states of each device, the best ventilation and dust removal effects can be achieved until the blasting chamber can meet the construction standards for workers in a short time.

[0044] Compared with the traditional ventilation method of drilling vertical shafts, inclined shafts and cross channels, the movable in-tunnel ventilation system for tunnel blasting construction provided by the present invention has a simple structure and an efficient operation mode. There is no need to excavate vertical shafts, inclined shafts and parallel pilot tunnels on a large scale, effectively reducing the construction cost and construction period, and at the same time avoiding the damage to the surrounding environment caused by the construction of vertical shafts, inclined shafts and parallel pilot tunnels. The system has a simple structure and an efficient operation mode, excellent overall economic and environmental benefits, and has a wide application prospect.

[0045] Embodiment 2

[0046] The embodiment of the present invention provides an operation method of a movable in-tunnel ventilation system for tunnel blasting construction as described in any one of Embodiment 1, including the following steps:

[0047] S1. Arrange a movable air curtain blocking device 2 at a preset safe distance from the heading face and fix it on the tunnel ground through the fixed base 9;

[0048] S2. Install the tunnel exhaust device so that the outlet of the exhaust pipe 11 is connected to the dirty air bin 6;

[0049] S3. Start the frame-type air curtain machine 7 to form an air curtain that divides the tunnel into a polluted air area 3 and a clean air area 1;

[0050] S4. Start the suction fan 4. After the suction fan 4 has been started for 10 - 15 minutes, start the pressure - out fan 5, and set the power of the pressure - out fan 5 to 0.9 - 0.95 times that of the suction fan 4. Discharge the polluted gas in the polluted air area 3 through the exhaust duct 11 and the polluted air bin 6 to the outside of the tunnel. After the polluted gas is discharged, the air pressure in the polluted air area 3 decreases, forming an atmospheric pressure difference with the clean air area 1 that communicates with the outside of the tunnel. The atmospheric pressure difference fills the polluted air area 3 with clean air from outside the tunnel.

[0051] Further, during the process of the heading face advancing forward, disconnect the frame - type air curtain machine 7 from the fixed base 9, move the frame - type air curtain machine 7 through the wheels 8, so that the movable air curtain barrier device 2 is maintained at a preset safe distance from the heading face, and then fix the frame - type air curtain machine 7 on the tunnel floor through the fixed base 9 and the expansion bolts 10.

[0052] Further, according to the length of the tunnel, add a polluted air pressure - out component after the tunnel exhaust device in the tunnel, that is, arrange the polluted air bin 6, the pressure - out fan 5 and the pressure - air duct in sequence to achieve relay exhaust.

[0053] Further, by adjusting the air outlet direction and wind speed of the air curtain machine, form an air flow barrier that blocks the diffusion of polluted air to the clean air area 1, and at the same time keep the passage unobstructed so that construction vehicles and construction personnel can pass through.

[0054] Further, the suction fan 4 sucks the polluted gas in the polluted air area 3 into the exhaust duct 11 and transports it to the polluted air bin 6, and the pressure - out fan 5 discharges the polluted gas in the polluted air bin 6 to the outside of the tunnel.

[0055] Specifically, the power of the added pressure - out fan 5 is set to 0.9 - 0.95 times that of the previous pressure - out fan 5.

[0056] Optionally, when the heading face advances forward, new fixed bases 9 are arranged as needed.

[0057] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variation thereof are intended to cover non - exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0058] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A movable in-tunnel ventilation system for tunnel blasting construction, characterized in that, Comprising: A movable air curtain barrier device (2), arranged corresponding to the heading face. The movable air curtain barrier device (2) includes a frame-type air curtain machine (7). The frame-type air curtain machine (7) has a portal structure, with a passage reserved in the middle for construction vehicles and construction personnel to pass through. And an air curtain hole is arranged on the outside of the frame-type air curtain machine (7), and a moving member is arranged at the lower part. The air curtain hole jets air flow towards the plane where the frame-type air curtain machine (7) is located to form an air curtain that divides the tunnel into a polluted air area (3) and a clean air area (1); A fixed base (9), fixed on the tunnel floor and arranged along the moving path of the movable air curtain barrier device (2). The frame-type air curtain machine (7) is detachably connected to the fixed base (9); A tunnel air extraction device, arranged on one side of the tunnel floor. The tunnel air extraction device forms an atmospheric pressure difference between the polluted air area (3) and the clean air area (1) by extracting the gas in the polluted air area, so as to pour the clean air outside the tunnel into the tunnel. The tunnel air extraction device includes an air extraction pipeline (11), a suction fan (4) and a polluted air pressure-out component connected in sequence from inside to outside along the tunnel. At least one polluted air pressure-out component is provided, including a polluted air bin (6), a pressure-out fan (5) and a pressure air pipeline connected in sequence from inside to outside along the tunnel. The pressure-out fan (5) is arranged at the outlet of the polluted air bin (6); One end of the air extraction pipeline (11) far away from the suction fan (4) extends into the tunnel, and the pressure air pipeline at the end of the tunnel air extraction device extends outside the tunnel.

2. The movable in-tunnel ventilation system for tunnel blasting construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polluted air bin (6) includes a box structure. A flange (12) and a sealing strip (13) are arranged on the box structure. The flange (12) is used for connecting with the air extraction pipeline (11), and the sealing strip (13) is arranged around the flange (12) to ensure the airtightness of the connection. The volume of the polluted air bin (6) is 22.5 - 25 cubic meters.

3. The movable in-tunnel ventilation system for tunnel blasting construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moving member is a wheel (8).

4. The movable in-tunnel ventilation system for tunnel blasting construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable air curtain barrier device (2) is fixed on the tunnel floor at a preset safe distance from the heading face through the fixed base (9), and the preset safe distance is 400 - 500 meters.

5. The movable in-tunnel ventilation system for tunnel blasting construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air extraction pipeline (11) is made of galvanized air duct.

6. A method for operating a movable in-tunnel ventilation system for tunnel blasting construction according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1. Arrange the movable air curtain barrier device (2) at a preset safe distance from the heading face and fix it on the tunnel floor through the fixed base (9); S2. Install the tunnel air extraction device so that the outlet of the air extraction pipeline (11) is connected to the polluted air bin (6); S3. Start the frame-type air curtain machine (7) to form an air curtain that divides the tunnel into a polluted air area (3) and a clean air area (1); S4. Start the suction fan (4). After the suction fan (4) has been started for 10 - 15 minutes, start the forced draft fan (5), and set the power of the forced draft fan (5) to 0.9 - 0.95 times that of the suction fan (4). Discharge the foul gas in the foul air area (3) to the outside of the tunnel through the exhaust duct (11) and the foul air bin (6). After the foul gas is discharged, the air pressure in the foul air area (3) decreases, creating an atmospheric pressure difference with the clean air area (1) connected to the outside of the tunnel. The atmospheric pressure difference fills the foul air area (3) with clean air from outside the tunnel.

7. The operating method according to claim 6, characterized in that, During the forward advancement of the heading face, disconnect the frame - type air curtain machine (7) from the fixed base (9). For the frame - type air curtain machine (7), keep the movable air curtain blocking device (2) at a preset safe distance from the heading face, and then fix the frame - type air curtain machine (7) to the tunnel floor through the fixed base (9).

8. The operating method according to claim 6, characterized in that According to the length of the tunnel, add a foul air forced - draft component behind the tunnel exhaust device in the tunnel to achieve relay exhaust.

9. The operating method according to claim 8, characterized in that Among multiple adjacent and connected foul air forced - draft components, set the power of the forced draft fan (5) of the latter one to 0.9 - 0.95 times that of the forced draft fan (5) of the previous one.

10. The operating method according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the heading face advances forward, lay out new fixed bases (9) as needed.

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