Gear shifting executing mechanism and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, and particularly discloses a gear shifting executing mechanism and a vehicle, the gear shifting executing mechanism comprises a shell, a sliding assembly, an air source adjusting assembly and a shifting block assembly, the shell is sequentially provided with a sealing cavity and a sliding hole in the first direction, and the sealing cavity is communicated through the sliding hole; the sliding assembly comprises a sliding shaft, a first sealing piece and a piston coaxially and fixedly arranged on the sliding shaft, the sliding shaft penetrates through the sliding hole and extends into the sealing cavity, the first sealing piece is used for sealing a gap between the sliding shaft and the shell, the piston divides the sealing cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity in the first direction, and the second cavity is communicated with the sliding hole; the air source adjusting assembly selectively introduces a high-pressure air source into the first cavity or the second cavity so that the piston can slide in the sealing cavity in the first direction. The shifting block assembly and the sliding shaft are relatively fixed in the first direction, and the shifting block assembly is used for enabling the output shaft of the gearbox to be in transmission connection or disconnection with the input shaft of the retarder. The gear shifting executing mechanism solves the problem that an input shaft of a retarder and an output shaft of a transmission lack a quick disconnecting function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular to a gear shift actuator and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] When the commercial vehicle retarder assists in downhill braking, the retarder input shaft needs to be connected to the transmission output shaft in a driving manner to achieve the retarder's auxiliary deceleration function. However, when not in operation, the retarder input shaft continues to be rotationally connected to the transmission output shaft, causing the commercial vehicle to increase power loss and increase vehicle fuel consumption, while also exacerbating gear wear inside the retarder.

[0003] Currently, most retarders are of integrated design and lack the function of quickly disconnecting the input shaft of the retarder and the output shaft of the transmission. Therefore, a shift actuator is proposed on this basis to solve the above problem. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shift actuator to solve the problem that the input shaft of the existing retarder in the related art is continuously connected to the output shaft of the transmission, which leads to increased power loss of commercial vehicles, increased fuel consumption of the whole vehicle, and aggravated gear wear inside the retarder.

[0005] In one aspect, the present invention provides a shift actuator, the shift actuator comprising:

[0006] A housing, wherein the housing is provided with a sealing cavity and a sliding hole in sequence along a first direction, and the sliding hole connects the sealing cavity;

[0007] A sliding assembly, comprising a sliding shaft, a first sealing member and a piston coaxially fixed to the sliding shaft, the sliding shaft passing through the sliding hole and extending into the sealing cavity, the first sealing member being used to seal the gap between the sliding shaft and the inner wall of the sliding hole, the piston being located in the sealing cavity and dividing the sealing cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity sealed from each other along the first direction, the second cavity being communicated with the sliding hole;

[0008] An air source regulating component selectively passes a high-pressure air source into the first chamber or the second chamber to make the piston reciprocate in the sealed chamber along the first direction;

[0009] The shift head assembly is located outside the sealing cavity. The shift head assembly and the sliding shaft are relatively fixed along the first direction. The shift head assembly is used to connect or disconnect the output shaft of the gearbox and the input shaft of the retarder.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the shift actuator, the housing further includes a working chamber. The sealing chamber, the sliding hole, and the working chamber are arranged in sequence along the first direction. The sliding hole is communicated with the working chamber. A support hole is recessed at one end of the working chamber away from the sliding hole, and the sliding shaft is inserted into the support hole.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the shift actuator, the housing is provided with an opening along the second direction. The opening is communicated with the working chamber, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0012] A pin hole is recessed in the sliding shaft along the second direction, and the pin hole is opposite to the opening.

[0013] The shift head assembly includes a shift head and a guide rod. The guide rod is located in the opening, and both ends of the guide rod are fixedly connected to the housing. The shift head is sleeved on the guide rod and is slidably matched with the guide rod. The axis of the guide rod extends along the first direction, and one end of the shift head along the second direction is inserted into the pin hole.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the shift actuator, a blind hole is recessed on one side of the working chamber close to the sliding hole, and a through hole is provided on one side of the working chamber away from the sliding hole. The blind hole and the through hole are coaxially arranged along the first direction.

[0015] The shift head assembly further includes a first plug. The guide rod sequentially passes through the through hole and the blind hole. The first plug is arranged in the through hole and is fixedly connected to the housing. The first plug restricts the guide rod from moving in the direction away from the blind hole.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the shift actuator, the shift head is provided with a through hole.

[0017] The shift head assembly further includes a shift head bushing. The shift head bushing is inserted into the through hole and is fixedly connected to the shift head. The guide rod passes through the shift head bushing.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the shift actuator, the air source regulating assembly includes a forward gear valve and a reverse gear valve. The first interface a of the forward gear valve is communicated with the high-pressure air source. The second interface a of the forward gear valve is communicated with the atmosphere. The third interface a of the forward gear valve is communicated with the first chamber. The forward gear valve has a first position a and a second position a. In the first position a, the first interface a is communicated with the third interface a. In the second position a, the second interface a is communicated with the third interface a.

[0019] The first interface b of the downshift valve is communicated with the high-pressure gas source, the second interface b of the downshift valve is communicated with the atmosphere, the third interface b of the downshift valve is communicated with the second chamber, the downshift valve has a first position b and a second position b. In the first position b, the first interface b is communicated with the third interface b. In the second position b, the second interface b is communicated with the third interface b.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the shift actuator, at least two limiting grooves are sequentially arranged on the peripheral wall of the sliding shaft along the first direction, the limiting grooves are located in the working chamber, the housing is provided with a limiting through hole along the second direction, and the sliding shaft slides along the first direction so that the limiting through hole is sequentially opposite to at least two of the limiting grooves along the second direction;

[0021] It further includes a limiting pin, and the limiting pin is inserted into the limiting through hole and selectively opposite to one of at least two of the limiting grooves.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution of the shift actuator, the limiting pin includes a pin body, an elastic member and a second plug, the pin body, the elastic member and the second plug are sequentially inserted into the limiting through hole, the pin body abuts against the sliding shaft, and the second plug is fixedly connected to the housing.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution of the shift actuator, an annular groove is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the piston, and an installation groove is recessed on the bottom wall of the annular groove;

[0024] The sliding assembly further includes a position sensor, a magnet and a piston support ring, the magnet is arranged in the installation groove, the piston support ring is sleeved on the annular groove, and the position sensor is arranged on the housing and used for detecting the position of the magnet.

[0025] On the other hand, the present invention provides a vehicle, including a retarder, a gearbox and a shift actuator in any of the above solutions. An input gear is fixedly arranged on the input shaft of the retarder, a gear sleeve and an output gear are sequentially sleeved on the output shaft of the gearbox, the gear sleeve is slidably matched with the output shaft of the gearbox along the first direction, the gear sleeve is relatively fixed to the output shaft of the gearbox in the circumferential direction around the output shaft of the gearbox, and the output gear is meshed with the input gear;

[0026] The shifting head assembly is used to drive the gear sleeve to slide along the first direction so that the gear sleeve is meshed with or separated from the output gear.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] The present invention provides a shift actuator and a vehicle. The shift actuator includes a housing, a sliding component, a gas source regulating component, and a shift head component. The housing is sequentially provided with a sealing cavity and a sliding hole along a first direction, and the sliding hole communicates with the sealing cavity. The sliding component includes a sliding shaft, a first seal, and a piston coaxially fixed on the sliding shaft. The sliding shaft passes through the sliding hole and extends into the sealing cavity. The first seal is used to seal the gap between the sliding shaft and the inner wall of the sliding hole. The piston is located in the sealing cavity and divides the sealing cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity that are hermetically sealed with each other along the first direction. The second cavity communicates with the sliding hole. The gas source regulating component selectively introduces a high-pressure gas source into the first cavity or the second cavity to enable the piston to reciprocally slide along the first direction in the sealing cavity. The shift head component is located outside the sealing cavity and is relatively fixed to the sliding shaft along the first direction. The shift head component is used to drive the output shaft of the transmission to be in transmission connection or disconnection with the input shaft of the retarder. When the vehicle equipped with this shift actuator goes downhill, the gas source regulating component selectively introduces high-pressure gas into one of the first cavity and the second cavity, thereby enabling the piston to move forward along the first direction to drive the sliding shaft to move. Since the shift head component is relatively fixed to the sliding shaft along the first direction, the sliding shaft drives the shift head component to move to achieve the transmission connection between the output shaft of the transmission and the input shaft of the retarder. When the vehicle finishes the downhill section, the gas source regulating component introduces high-pressure gas into the other of the first cavity and the second cavity, thereby enabling the piston to move backward along the first direction to drive the sliding shaft to move. Since the shift head component is relatively fixed to the sliding shaft along the first direction, the sliding shaft drives the shift head component to move to achieve the disconnection between the output shaft of the transmission and the input shaft of the retarder. This shift actuator solves the problem that the input shaft of the retarder lacks a quick disconnection function with the output shaft of the transmission, avoids the increase of power loss of the vehicle, reduces the fuel consumption of the whole vehicle, and at the same time improves the problem of gear wear inside the retarder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the shift actuator in an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the shift actuator in an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the shift actuator in an embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0032] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the sliding component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 is an assembly schematic diagram of the shift actuator, the transmission, and the retarder in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure:

[0035] X, the first direction; Y, the second direction;

[0036] 100, transmission; 101, output gear; 102, gear sleeve; 200, retarder; 201, input gear; 300, shift actuator;

[0037] 1, housing; 11, base; 111, sealing cavity; 1111, first cavity; 1112, second cavity; 12, end cover; 121, sliding hole; 122, working cavity; 1221, support hole; 1222, blind hole; 1223, through hole; 1224, open end; 1225, limiting through hole; 13, second seal;

[0038] 2, sliding component; 21, sliding shaft; 211, pin hole; 212, limiting groove; 22, first seal; 23, piston; 231, annular groove; 232, mounting groove; 24, position sensor; 25, magnet; 26, piston support ring;

[0039] 3, air source regulating component; 31, gear - engaging valve; 311, first interface a; 312, second interface a; 313, third interface a; 32, gear - disengaging valve; 321, first interface b; 322, second interface b; 323, third interface b;

[0040] 4, shift head component; 41, shift head; 42, guide rod; 43, first plug; 44, shift head bushing; 45, shift fork;

[0041] 5, limiting pin; 51, pin body; 52, elastic component; 53, second plug. Detailed implementation manners

[0042] Next, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Among them, the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "mounted", "connected" and "coupled" should be construed broadly. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0045] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0046] As Figures 1 to 5As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a shift actuator. The shift actuator includes a housing 1, a sliding component 2, a gas source regulating component 3, and a shifting head component 4. The housing 1 is sequentially provided with a sealing cavity 111 and a sliding hole 121 along a first direction X, and the sliding hole 121 communicates with the sealing cavity 111. The sliding component 2 includes a sliding shaft 21, a first seal 22, and a piston 23 coaxially fixed on the sliding shaft 21. The sliding shaft 21 passes through the sliding hole 121 and extends into the sealing cavity 111. The first seal 22 is used to seal the gap between the sliding shaft 21 and the inner wall of the sliding hole 121. The piston 23 is located in the sealing cavity 111 and divides the sealing cavity 111 into a mutually sealed first cavity 1111 and a second cavity 1112 along the first direction X. The second cavity 1112 communicates with the sliding hole 121. The gas source regulating component 3 selectively introduces a high-pressure gas source into the first cavity 1111 or the second cavity 1112 to enable the piston 23 to reciprocally slide along the first direction X in the sealing cavity 111. The shifting head component 4 is located outside the sealing cavity 111. The shifting head component 4 is relatively fixed to the sliding shaft 21 along the first direction X. The shifting head component 4 is used to drive the output shaft of the transmission 100 to be in transmission connection with or disconnected from the input shaft of the retarder 200. When the vehicle equipped with this shift actuator goes downhill, the gas source regulating component 3 selectively introduces a high-pressure gas into one of the first cavity 1111 and the second cavity 1112, thereby enabling the piston 23 to move positively along the first direction X to drive the sliding shaft 21 to move. Since the shifting head component 4 is relatively fixed to the sliding shaft 21 along the first direction X, the sliding shaft 21 drives the shifting head component 4 to move to realize the transmission connection between the output shaft of the transmission 100 and the input shaft of the retarder 200. When the vehicle finishes the downhill section, the gas source regulating component 3 introduces a high-pressure gas into the other of the first cavity 1111 and the second cavity 1112, thereby enabling the piston 23 to move reversely along the first direction X to drive the sliding shaft 21 to move. Since the shifting head component 4 is relatively fixed to the sliding shaft 21 along the first direction X, the sliding shaft 21 drives the shifting head component 4 to move to realize the disconnection between the output shaft of the transmission 100 and the input shaft of the retarder 200. This shift actuator solves the problem that the input shaft of the retarder 200 lacks a quick disconnection function from the output shaft of the transmission, avoids the vehicle from increasing power loss, reduces the fuel consumption of the whole vehicle, and at the same time also improves the problem of gear wear inside the retarder 200.

[0047] Optionally, when the output shaft of the transmission 100 and the input shaft of the retarder 200 need to be switched from disconnection to transmission connection, a high-pressure gas is introduced into the first cavity 1111. The piston 23 drives the sliding shaft 21 to move in the direction of extending out of the sealing cavity 111 along the first direction X. After moving a preset distance a, the shifting head component 4 makes the output shaft of the transmission 100 in transmission connection with the input shaft of the retarder 200. At this time, the position of the sliding shaft 21 is recorded as the first position.

[0048] When the output shaft of the gearbox 100 and the input shaft of the retarder 200 are switched from transmission connection to disconnection, when high-pressure gas is introduced into the second chamber 1112, the piston 23 drives the sliding shaft 21 to move along the first direction X in the direction of retracting into the sealed chamber 111. After moving a preset distance a, the shift head assembly 4 disconnects the output shaft of the gearbox 100 from the input shaft of the retarder 200. At this time, the position of the sliding shaft 21 is recorded as the second position.

[0049] Optionally, at least two sealing rubber rings are fixedly disposed on the peripheral wall of the piston 23 , and the sealing rubber rings are tightly pressed against the peripheral wall of the sealing cavity, thereby sealing the first cavity 1111 and the second cavity 1112 from each other.

[0050] Optionally, the housing 1 includes a base 11, an end cover 12 and a second seal 13. The base 11 and the end cover 12 are fixedly connected to each other. The second seal 13 seals the gap at the connection between the base 11 and the end cover 12, thereby enclosing a sealed cavity 111. The sliding hole 121 is located on the end cover 12. Specifically, the second seal 13 is a rubber sealing ring.

[0051] Optionally, the housing 1 further comprises a working chamber 122, the sealing chamber 111, the sliding hole 121 and the working chamber 122 are sequentially arranged along the first direction X, the sliding hole 121 is in communication with the working chamber 122, a support hole 1221 is recessed at one end of the working chamber 122 away from the sliding hole 121, and the sliding shaft 21 is inserted into the support hole 1221. In this embodiment, when the sliding shaft 21 switches between the first position and the second position, the sliding shaft 21 has to bear the reaction force of the dial head assembly 4, and the direction of the reaction force is arranged at an angle with the first direction X. In order to avoid deformation of the sliding shaft 21, the sliding shaft 21 located on both sides of the dial head assembly 4 is respectively located in the sliding hole 121 and the support hole 1221, thereby avoiding bending deformation of the sliding shaft 21.

[0052] Optionally, the working chamber 122 is located inside the end cover 12 .

[0053] Optionally, the housing 1 is provided with an opening 1224 along the second direction Y. The opening 1224 communicates with the working chamber 122. The first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to each other. The sliding shaft 21 is recessed with a pin hole 211 along the second direction Y. The pin hole 211 is opposite to the opening 1224. The dial head assembly 4 includes a dial head 41 and a guide rod 42. The guide rod 42 is located within the opening 1224, and both ends of the guide rod 42 are fixedly connected to the housing 1. The dial head 41 is sleeved on the guide rod 42 and is slidably matched with the guide rod 42. The axis of the guide rod 42 extends along the first direction X. One end of the dial head 41 along the second direction Y is inserted into the pin hole 211. In this embodiment, on the one hand, the guide rod 42 plays a guiding role for the dial head 41, and on the other hand, it can play a supporting role to prevent the reaction force of the dial head 41 from acting entirely on the sliding shaft 21. The dial head 41 is inserted into the pin hole 211 of the sliding shaft 21 along the second direction Y. When the pin shaft slides along the first direction X, the sliding shaft 21 drives the dial head 41 to slide along the first direction X.

[0054] Optionally, a blind hole 1222 is recessed on one side of the working chamber 122 close to the sliding hole 121, and a through hole 1223 is provided on the side of the working chamber 122 away from the sliding hole 121. The blind hole 1222 and the through hole 1223 are coaxially arranged along the first direction X. The dial head assembly 4 further includes a first plug 43. The guide rod 42 passes through the through hole 1223 and the blind hole 1222 in sequence. The first plug 43 is arranged in the through hole 1223 and is fixedly connected to the housing 1. The first plug 43 restricts the guide rod 42 from moving in the direction away from the blind hole 1222. In this embodiment, the first plug 43 is threadedly connected to the housing 1, which facilitates the later maintenance and replacement of the dial head assembly 4.

[0055] Optionally, the dial head 41 is provided with a through hole. The dial head assembly 4 further includes a dial head bushing 44. The dial head bushing 44 is inserted into the through hole and is fixedly connected to the dial head 41. The guide rod 42 passes through the dial head bushing 44. In this embodiment, this setting enables the dial head bushing 44 to directly contact the guide rod 42 when the dial head 41 slides on the guide rod 42, thereby avoiding the rapid wear of the dial head 41. When the dial head bushing 44 is severely worn, only the dial head bushing 44 needs to be replaced, reducing the maintenance cost.

[0056] Optionally, the air source regulating assembly 3 includes a forward gear valve 31 and a reverse gear valve 32. The first interface a311 of the forward gear valve 31 is in communication with the high-pressure air source, the second interface a312 of the forward gear valve 31 is in communication with the atmosphere, and the third interface a313 of the forward gear valve 31 is in communication with the first chamber 1111. The forward gear valve 31 has a first position a and a second position a. In the first position a, the first interface a311 is in communication with the third interface a313. In the second position a, the second interface a312 is in communication with the third interface a313. The first interface b321 of the reverse gear valve 32 is in communication with the high-pressure air source, the second interface b322 of the reverse gear valve 32 is in communication with the atmosphere, and the third interface b323 of the reverse gear valve 32 is in communication with the second chamber 1112. The reverse gear valve 32 has a first position b and a second position b. In the first position b, the first interface b321 is in communication with the third interface b323. In the second position b, the second interface b322 is in communication with the third interface b323. In this embodiment, when the sliding shaft 21 needs to be switched from the second position to the first position, the forward gear valve 31 is in the first position a and the reverse gear valve 32 is in the second position b. At this time, the first chamber 1111 is in communication with the high-pressure air source, and the second chamber 1112 is in communication with the atmosphere. When the sliding shaft 21 needs to be switched from the first position to the second position, the reverse gear valve 32 is in the first position b and the forward gear valve 31 is in the second position a. At this time, the second chamber 1112 is in communication with the high-pressure air source, and the first chamber 1111 is in communication with the atmosphere.

[0057] Optionally, both the forward gear valve 31 and the reverse gear valve 32 are two-position three-way solenoid valves.

[0058] Optionally, at least two limiting grooves 212 are sequentially arranged on the peripheral wall of the sliding shaft 21 along the first direction X. The limiting grooves 212 are located in the working chamber 122. The housing 1 is provided with a limiting through hole 1225 along the second direction Y. The sliding shaft 21 slides along the first direction X so that the limiting through hole 1225 is sequentially opposite to at least two limiting grooves 212 along the second direction Y. The shift execution mechanism further includes a limiting pin 5. The limiting pin 5 is inserted into the limiting through hole 1225 and selectively opposite to one of the at least two limiting grooves 212. In this embodiment, when the limiting through hole 1225 is opposite to one of the at least two limiting grooves 212, the limiting pin 5 is inserted into the limiting through hole 1225 and inserted into the opposite limiting groove 212. At this time, the limiting pin 5 plays a role in locking the sliding shaft 21 along the first direction X to prevent the sliding shaft 21 from sliding.

[0059] Optionally, two limiting grooves 212 are provided. When the sliding shaft 21 is in the first position, one limiting groove 212 is opposite to the limiting through hole 1225. When the sliding shaft 21 is in the second position, the other limiting groove 212 is opposite to the limiting through hole 1225. Furthermore, when the sliding shaft 21 is in the first position or the second position, the sliding shaft 21 can be locked to prevent reverse gear shifting.

[0060] Regarding the specific structure of the limit pin 5, optionally, the limit pin 5 includes a pin body 51, an elastic member 52, and a second plug 53. The pin body 51, the elastic member 52, and the second plug 53 are sequentially inserted through the limit through hole 1225. The pin body 51 abuts against the sliding shaft 21, and the second plug 53 is fixedly connected to the housing 1. In this embodiment, the two ends of the elastic member 52 respectively abut against the pin body 51 and the second plug 53. When the pin body 51 is opposite to the limit groove 212, the elastic member 52 drives the pin body 51 to be inserted into the limit groove 212. When the air source adjustment assembly 3 works, when the sliding shaft 21 moves along the first direction X, it can overcome the elastic force of the elastic member 52, and finally the pin body 51 is disengaged from the limit groove 212.

[0061] Optionally, the end of the pin body 51 that abuts against the sliding shaft 21 is a spherical surface, and the limit groove 212 is a spherical surface groove. When the pin body 51 exits from the limit groove 212, this setting can reduce the force that the sliding shaft 21 needs to overcome.

[0062] Optionally, an annular groove 231 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the piston 23, and an installation groove 232 is recessed on the bottom wall of the annular groove 231; the sliding assembly 2 further includes a position sensor 24, a magnet 25, and a piston support ring 26. The magnet 25 is arranged in the installation groove 232, the piston support ring 26 is sleeved on the annular groove 231, and the position sensor 24 is arranged on the housing 1 and used to detect the position of the magnet 25. In this embodiment, the position sensor 24 detects the real-time position of the magnet 25 on the piston 23 and feeds the real-time position back to the TCU (transmission control unit); the overall control method adopts pulse width modulation (PWM) to accurately control the position of the sliding assembly 2. The PWM method can dynamically adjust the movement speed of the sliding assembly 2, and at the same time can achieve millimeter-level precision control, providing good controllability for the shift actuator and better safety support for the entire system.

[0063] This embodiment also provides a vehicle, which includes a retarder 200, a gearbox 100, and the shift execution mechanism in the above solution. An input gear 201 is fixedly provided on the input shaft of the retarder 200. A gear sleeve 102 and an output gear 101 are sequentially sleeved on the output shaft of the gearbox 100. The gear sleeve 102 is slidably engaged with the output shaft of the gearbox 100 in the first direction X, and the gear sleeve 102 is relatively fixed to the output shaft of the gearbox 100 in the circumferential direction around the output shaft of the gearbox 100. The output gear 101 and the input gear 201 are engaged; a shift head assembly 4 is used to drive the gear sleeve 102 to slide in the first direction X so that the gear sleeve 102 is engaged with or separated from the output gear 101. In this embodiment, a spline is provided on the output shaft of the gearbox 100, and the gear sleeve 102 is sleeved on the output shaft, thereby realizing the slidable engagement of the gear sleeve 102 with the output shaft of the gearbox 100 in the first direction X, and the gear sleeve 102 is relatively fixed to the output shaft of the gearbox 100 in the circumferential direction around the output shaft of the gearbox 100. When the sliding shaft 21 is in the first position, the gear sleeve 102 and the output gear 101 are engaged with each other. When the sliding shaft 21 is in the second position, the gear sleeve 102 and the output gear 101 are separated from each other.

[0064] Optionally, the shift head assembly 4 further includes a shift fork 45, and the shift head 41 drives the gear sleeve 102 to move in the first direction X through the shift fork.

[0065] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly explaining the present invention, rather than limiting the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Shift actuator, characterized in that, Comprising: A housing (1), the housing (1) is sequentially provided with a sealing cavity (111) and a sliding hole (121) along a first direction (X), and the sliding hole (121) communicates with the sealing cavity (111); A sliding component (2), including a sliding shaft (21), a first seal (22) and a piston (23) coaxially fixed on the sliding shaft (21). The sliding shaft (21) passes through the sliding hole (121) and extends into the sealing cavity (111). The first seal (22) is used to seal the gap between the sliding shaft (21) and the inner wall of the sliding hole (121). The piston (23) is located in the sealing cavity (111) and divides the sealing cavity (111) into a first cavity (1111) and a second cavity (1112) that are hermetically sealed along the first direction (X). The second cavity (1112) communicates with the sliding hole (121); An air source regulating component (3) selectively introduces a high-pressure air source into the first cavity (1111) or the second cavity (1112) to enable the piston (23) to reciprocally slide in the sealing cavity (111) along the first direction (X); A shift head component (4), located outside the sealing cavity (111), the shift head component (4) is relatively fixed with the sliding shaft (21) along the first direction (X), and the shift head component (4) is used to drive the output shaft of the transmission (100) to be connected or disconnected from the input shaft of the retarder (200).

2. The shift execution mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (1) further includes a working cavity (122). The sealing cavity (111), the sliding hole (121) and the working cavity (122) are sequentially arranged along the first direction (X). The sliding hole (121) communicates with the working cavity (122). A support hole (1221) is recessed at one end of the working cavity (122) away from the sliding hole (121), and the sliding shaft (21) is inserted into the support hole (1221).

3. The shift execution mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The housing (1) is provided with an opening (1224) along a second direction (Y), and the opening (1224) communicates with the working cavity (122). The first direction (X) and the second direction (Y) are perpendicular; The sliding shaft (21) is recessed with a pin hole (211) along the second direction (Y), and the pin hole (211) is opposite to the opening (1224); The shift head component (4) includes a shift head (41) and a guide rod (42). The guide rod (42) is located in the opening (1224), and both ends of the guide rod (42) are fixedly connected to the housing (1). The shift head (41) is sleeved on the guide rod (42) and is slidably matched with the guide rod (42). The axis of the guide rod (42) extends along the first direction (X), and one end of the shift head (41) along the second direction (Y) is inserted into the pin hole (211).

4. The shift actuator according to claim 3, characterized in that, A blind hole (1222) is recessed on one side of the working chamber (122) close to the sliding hole (121), and a through hole (1223) is provided on the side of the working chamber (122) away from the sliding hole (121). The blind hole (1222) and the through hole (1223) are coaxially arranged along the first direction (X). The shift head assembly (4) further includes a first plug (43). The guide rod (42) sequentially passes through the through hole (1223) and the blind hole (1222). The first plug (43) is disposed in the through hole (1223) and fixedly connected to the housing (1). The first plug (43) restricts the guide rod (42) from moving away from the blind hole (1222).

5. The shift actuator according to claim 3, wherein The shift head (41) is provided with a perforation. The shift head assembly (4) further includes a shift head bushing (44). The shift head bushing (44) is inserted into the perforation and fixedly connected to the shift head (41). The guide rod (42) passes through the shift head bushing (44).

6. The shift execution mechanism according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that The air source regulating assembly (3) includes a forward gear valve (31) and a reverse gear valve (32). The first interface a (311) of the forward gear valve (31) is communicated with the high-pressure air source. The second interface a (312) of the forward gear valve (31) is communicated with the atmosphere. The third interface a (313) of the forward gear valve (31) is communicated with the first chamber (1111). The forward gear valve (31) has a first position a and a second position a. In the first position a, the first interface a (311) is communicated with the third interface a (313). In the second position a, the second interface a (312) is communicated with the third interface a (313). The first interface b (321) of the reverse gear valve (32) is communicated with the high-pressure air source. The second interface b (322) of the reverse gear valve (32) is communicated with the atmosphere. The third interface b (323) of the reverse gear valve (32) is communicated with the second chamber (1112). The reverse gear valve (32) has a first position b and a second position b. In the first position b, the first interface b (321) is communicated with the third interface b (323). In the second position b, the second interface b (322) is communicated with the third interface b (323).

7. The shift execution mechanism according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that, At least two limiting grooves (212) are sequentially arranged on the peripheral wall of the sliding shaft (21) along the first direction (X). The limiting grooves (212) are located in the working chamber (122). The housing (1) is provided with a limiting through hole (1223) along the second direction (Y). The sliding shaft (21) slides along the first direction (X) so that the limiting through hole (1223) is sequentially opposite to at least two of the limiting grooves (212) along the second direction (Y). It further includes a limiting pin (5). The limiting pin (5) is inserted into the limiting through hole (1223) and selectively opposite to one of at least two limiting grooves (212).

8. The shift execution mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The limiting pin (5) comprises a pin body (51), an elastic member (52) and a second plug (53); the pin body (51), the elastic member (52) and the second plug (53) are sequentially inserted into the limiting through hole (1223); the pin body (51) abuts against the sliding shaft (21); and the second plug (53) is fixedly connected to the housing (1).

9. The shift execution mechanism according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The outer peripheral wall of the piston (23) is provided with an annular groove (231), and the bottom wall of the annular groove (231) is provided with a mounting groove (232); The sliding assembly (2) further comprises a position sensor (24), a magnet (25) and a piston support ring (26); the magnet (25) is arranged in the mounting groove (232); the piston support ring (26) is sleeved in the annular groove (231); and the position sensor (24) is arranged in the housing (1) and is used to detect the position of the magnet (25).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, The invention comprises a retarder (200), a gearbox (100) and a shift actuator (300) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the input shaft of the retarder (200) is fixedly provided with an input gear (201), the output shaft of the gearbox (100) is sleeved with a gear sleeve (102) and an output gear (101) in sequence, the gear sleeve (102) is slidably matched with the output shaft of the gearbox (100) along the first direction (X), the gear sleeve (102) is relatively fixed with the output shaft of the gearbox (100) around the circumference of the output shaft of the gearbox (100), and the output gear (101) is meshed with the input gear (201); The shift head assembly (4) is used to drive the gear sleeve (102) to slide along the first direction (X) so as to enable the gear sleeve (102) to mesh with or disengage from the output gear (101).

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