Roadway surrounding rock loosening circle testing and analyzing method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of roadway surrounding rock loosening circle test and analysis, in particular to a roadway surrounding rock loosening circle test and analysis method, which comprises the following steps: data acquisition: distinguishing the current roadway area, and acquiring parameter information of roadway surrounding rock through devices; the deep loose zone analysis is to analyze each displacement parameter of the deep roadway surrounding rock corresponding to each monitoring time point; according to the obtained reflected wave amplitude parameter values and the reflected wave frequency parameter values, the position information of the surrounding rock loose circle is analyzed; according to the remote safety monitoring, the state information of the surrounding rock loosening circle is monitored in real time, and when a threshold value is exceeded, an audible and visual alarm is given out, the loosening circle range obtained by each method is preliminarily determined, and then the loosening circle range is determined by comprehensively comparing the test results of each method in the same area; and the range and characteristics of the loose circle can be judged more comprehensively and accurately.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of roadway surrounding rock loose circle testing and analysis, and specifically to a method for testing and analyzing the loose circle of roadway surrounding rock. Background Technique

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous growth of the economy, the demand for mineral resources has been increasing, and the depth and breadth of mine exploitation have been continuously expanded. At the same time, the construction of underground projects in fields such as transportation, water conservancy, and urban underground space development has also been vigorously promoted. In these projects, as a key passage and working space, the stability of the roadway is directly related to the safety and smooth progress of the entire project. In deep mine exploitation, with the increase of in-situ stress and the complex and changeable nature of rocks, the surrounding rock of the roadway is more likely to deform and break, forming a loose circle. Traditional loose circle testing methods are often relatively single. For example, the borehole peephole method can only observe the local situation of the borehole and it is difficult to comprehensively understand the scope of the entire loose circle. The acoustic wave testing method is greatly affected by factors such as rock properties and testing environment, and the accuracy and reliability of the results are limited. Currently, the existing testing methods often lack effective comprehensive analysis means and it is difficult to organically combine different test results to comprehensively and accurately judge the scope and characteristics of the loose circle. The ability to monitor and analyze the dynamic changes of the loose circle is insufficient, and it is impossible to timely grasp the deformation trend of the surrounding rock.

[0003] In order to meet the rapid development needs of underground engineering construction and overcome the limitations of the existing technology, it is of great practical significance to invent a new method for testing and analyzing the loose circle of roadway surrounding rock. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems raised in the above background technique, the present invention provides a method for testing and analyzing the loose circle of roadway surrounding rock.

[0005] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention is a method for testing and analyzing the loose circle of roadway surrounding rock, including the following steps:

[0007] Step 1. Data collection: Differentiate the current roadway area, and collect various parameter information of the roadway surrounding rock through each device. The specific process is as follows:

[0008] S01: Intercept the current image information of each roadway through a high-definition camera, extract the area of each roadway in the image information of each roadway to obtain the roadway area corresponding to the image information of each roadway, extract the standard image area of the data center, compare the roadway area corresponding to the current roadway image information with the standard image area. If the roadway area corresponding to the current roadway image information is greater than the standard image area, mark the corresponding roadway as a large-section roadway; otherwise, mark the corresponding roadway as a small-section roadway. Thus, large-section roadways and small-section roadways are obtained. Arrange the radar survey lines through the large-section roadways and small-section roadways respectively. If the current is a large-section roadway, set the radar survey line spacing to 1.5 - 2.5 meters, and set the survey line spacing of the small-section roadway to 1 - 1.5 meters. Set it in each area of the roadway. Each area of the roadway includes the roadway roof, roadway sidewall, and roadway bottom. The operator holds the ground penetrating radar equipment and scans along the survey line to collect the reflected wave data information in real time, extract the parameter information in the reflected wave, and obtain the reflected wave amplitude parameter value and reflected wave frequency parameter value of the surrounding rock loosening zone;

[0009] S02: Install multi-point displacement gauges at different depths of the roadway surrounding rock to monitor the displacement change of the surrounding rock at different depths at each time point in real time, and obtain the displacement parameter values corresponding to each monitoring time point of the roadway surrounding rock;

[0010] S03: Connect the output end of the data acquisition to the input ends of the deep loosening zone analysis, shallow loosening zone analysis, and remote safety monitoring. Send the obtained reflected wave amplitude parameter value and reflected wave frequency parameter value to the shallow loosening zone analysis and remote safety monitoring, and send the displacement parameter values corresponding to each monitoring point of the surrounding rock to the deep loosening zone analysis and remote safety monitoring.

[0011] Step Two: Deep loosening zone analysis: Analyze the displacement parameters corresponding to each monitoring time point of the deep roadway surrounding rock to determine the range of the surrounding rock loosening zone. The specific analysis steps are as follows:

[0012] S11: The output end of the deep loosening zone analysis is connected to the input end of the comprehensive comparison analysis. Set a preset depth displacement monitoring period, obtain the start monitoring time point of the preset depth displacement monitoring period, mark it as the initial monitoring time point t1, and then until the end time point of the preset height displacement monitoring period, mark it as the end monitoring time point t2. Divide the preset depth displacement monitoring duration into equal ratios to obtain the preset depth displacement monitoring sub - durations, mark the preset depth displacement monitoring sub - durations as dt, obtain the displacement parameter values corresponding to each preset depth displacement monitoring sub - duration. One preset depth displacement monitoring sub - duration corresponds to one displacement parameter value, obtain each displacement parameter value, arrange each displacement parameter value in the time acquisition order of the preset depth displacement monitoring duration, and connect the adjacent displacement parameter values to obtain a displacement change curve. According to the displacement change curve, obtain the displacement values corresponding to the initial monitoring time point and the end monitoring time point, mark them as the initial displacement value d1 and the end displacement value d2, and calculate using the formula to obtain the cumulative displacement DS within the preset depth displacement monitoring duration 累计 ;

[0013] S12: Obtain two displacement parameter values at adjacent time points according to the displacement change curve, subtract the obtained displacement parameter values at adjacent time points to obtain a displacement difference value, mark it as DP 差异 , and calculate using the formula to obtain the displacement change rate value DH 速率 ;

[0014] S13: Obtain all the displacement parameter values corresponding to the preset depth displacement monitoring sub - durations, calculate the mean value of the obtained displacement values to obtain the average displacement change value, mark it as DK 平均 ;

[0015] S14: Calculate the obtained cumulative displacement, displacement difference value, displacement change rate value and average displacement change value. Set a preset displacement difference value, mark it as DC 预设差异 , set a preset average displacement change value, mark it as DB 预设平均 , and calculate using the formula to obtain the total displacement variable value DXC of the roadway surrounding rock. Among them, F1, F2, F3 and F4 are preset proportional coefficients, g represents the number of the displacement parameter value, n represents the total number of displacement parameter values. Extract the preset total displacement variable value of the roadway surrounding rock in the data center, compare the actual total displacement variable value with the preset total displacement variable value. If the actual total displacement variable value is greater than the preset total displacement variable value, then determine that the current position is within the range of the surrounding rock loosening zone, and generate a depth loosening signal to send to the comprehensive comparison analysis.

[0016] Step 3. Shallow loosening zone analysis: Analyze the position information of the surrounding rock loosening zone based on the obtained amplitude parameter values and frequency parameter values of each reflected wave. The specific analysis process is as follows:

[0017] S21: The output end of the shallow loosening zone analysis is connected to the input end of the comprehensive comparison analysis. Obtain the propagation time of the current reflected wave through the radar receiving antenna, marked as T1, extract the propagation speed of the current rock in the data center, marked as V1, and use the formula to obtain the reflection depth FD of the rock interface. Both T1 and V1 are positive values. Obtain the amplitude parameter values of the reflected waves at each position of the roadway surrounding rock, arrange the amplitude parameter values of the reflected waves at each position of the roadway surrounding rock from smallest to largest, obtain the maximum reflected wave amplitude and the minimum reflected wave amplitude, subtract the minimum reflected wave amplitude from the maximum reflected wave amplitude to obtain the maximum reflected wave amplitude difference value, marked as FG. Obtain the frequency parameter values of each reflected wave of the current rock obtained by data acquisition, obtain the rock fragmentation degree value at the corresponding position based on the frequency parameter values of each reflected wave, match the frequency parameter values of the reflected waves with the rock fragmentation degree values at the corresponding positions. The smaller the frequency parameter value of the reflected wave, the greater the rock fragmentation degree value at the corresponding position. On the contrary, the larger the frequency parameter value of the reflected wave, the smaller the rock fragmentation degree value at the corresponding position. Extract the standard rock fragmentation degree value in the data center, compare each rock fragmentation degree value with the standard rock fragmentation degree value, mark those rock fragmentation degree values greater than the standard rock fragmentation degree value, marked as each rock fragmentation diffusion value. Analyze based on the frequency parameter values of the reflected waves and each rock fragmentation diffusion value to obtain the surrounding rock fragmentation state evaluation index, marked as FS. Calculate the obtained reflection depth, surrounding rock fragmentation state evaluation index, and maximum reflected wave amplitude difference value, and use the formula to obtain the rock loosening value FK of the roadway surrounding rock, where Y1, Y2, and Y3 are preset proportionality coefficients. Extract the preset rock loosening value in the data center, compare the actual rock loosening value with the preset rock loosening value. If the actual rock loosening value is greater than the preset rock loosening value, then determine that the current position is within the range of the surrounding rock loosening zone, and generate a shallow loosening signal and send it to the comprehensive comparison analysis.

[0018] Step 4. Comprehensive comparison analysis: Mutually verify the result data obtained by each method to further determine the range of the loosening zone. The specific acquisition process is as follows:

[0019] S31: Mutually verify the result data obtained by each method analysis to further determine the range of the loosening zone. When receiving the deep loosening signal and the shallow loosening signal, compare the total displacement variable value corresponding to the regional position of each roadway surrounding rock with the preset total displacement variable value. If the total displacement variable value of a certain regional position is greater than the preset total displacement variable value, mark this regional position as an abnormal surrounding rock loosening point. Thus, count the abnormal surrounding rock loosening points corresponding to each roadway surrounding rock, integrate the abnormal surrounding rock loosening points of each roadway, and mark it as the determination range of the first surrounding rock loosening zone. Compare the rock loosening value corresponding to the regional position of each roadway surrounding rock with the preset rock loosening value. If the rock loosening value of a certain regional position is greater than the preset rock loosening value, mark this regional position as an abnormal surrounding rock loosening point. Thus, count the abnormal surrounding rock loosening points corresponding to each roadway surrounding rock, and similarly integrate it and mark it as the determination range of the second surrounding rock loosening zone;

[0020] S32: Match and overlap the obtained determination range of the first surrounding rock loosening zone and the determination range of the second surrounding rock loosening zone to obtain the overlapping area of the surrounding rock loosening of the determination range of the first surrounding rock loosening zone and the determination range of the second surrounding rock loosening zone, and mark this overlapping area of the surrounding rock loosening as the surrounding rock loosening zone.

[0021] Step Five: Remote safety monitoring: According to the real-time monitored status information of the surrounding rock loosening zone, when it exceeds the threshold, give out an audible and visual alarm. The specific process is as follows:

[0022] S41: By obtaining in real time the reflected wave amplitude parameter, reflected wave frequency parameter, and displacement parameter value corresponding to the surrounding rock loosening zone fed back by data acquisition, set the threshold range of each reflected wave amplitude parameter, reflected wave frequency parameter, and each displacement parameter value in the remote safety monitoring, and mark it as the warning critical interval. When the values of each reflected wave amplitude parameter, reflected wave frequency parameter, and each displacement parameter value are greater than the warning critical interval, generate a warning signal and send it to the audible and visual alarm system, and the audible and visual alarm system gives out an audible and visual warning to notify the staff to evacuate.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Through various testing methods and parameter analyses, accurate and comprehensive scientific decision-making bases are provided for the design, construction, and maintenance of roadway engineering. Engineering personnel can reasonably select the support method and determine the support parameters according to the range of the loosening zone and the changing trends of various parameters, avoiding engineering risks and resource waste caused by decision-making mistakes. The emergence of the present invention promotes the innovation of the technology for testing and analyzing the loosening zone of roadway surrounding rock, integrating a variety of advanced testing means and data analysis methods, providing new ideas and directions for the technical research in related fields. Such innovation not only helps to improve the safety and reliability of underground engineering, but also drives the technological progress of related industries and promotes the development of the entire industry. The comprehensive application of the geological radar detection method and the multi-point displacement meter monitoring method in the present invention preliminarily determines the range of the loosening zone obtained by each method, and then determines the range of the loosening zone by comprehensively comparing the test results of each method in the same area, which may stimulate the research and development of more new types of testing equipment and technologies to meet the needs of different engineering scenarios. By accurately grasping the loosening zone of roadway surrounding rock, engineering personnel can better plan resource utilization and environmental protection measures. Reasonable support design can reduce the impact on the surrounding environment, ensure the sustainable development of the project, avoid surface collapse and water resource damage caused by unstable surrounding rock, protect the ecological environment, and achieve the harmonious coexistence of the project and nature. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. The following drawings are not deliberately drawn to scale in actual size, and the focus is on showing the gist of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 1 It is the flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is the displacement change curve of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts also belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is a method for testing and analyzing the loosening zone of roadway surrounding rock, including the following steps:

[0029] Step 1. Data collection: Differentiate the current roadway area, and collect various parameter information of the roadway surrounding rock through each device. The specific process is as follows:

[0030] S01: Intercept the current image information of each roadway through a high-definition camera, extract the area of each roadway in the image information of each roadway to obtain the roadway area corresponding to the image information of each roadway, extract the standard image area of the data center, compare the roadway area corresponding to the current roadway image information with the standard image area. If the roadway area corresponding to the current roadway image information is greater than the standard image area, mark the corresponding roadway as a large cross-section roadway; otherwise, mark the corresponding roadway as a small cross-section roadway. Thus, large cross-section roadways and small cross-section roadways are obtained. Arrange the radar survey lines respectively through the large cross-section roadways and small cross-section roadways. If the current is a large cross-section roadway, set the radar survey line spacing to 1.5 - 2.5 meters, and set the survey line spacing of the small cross-section roadway to 1 - 1.5 meters. Set it in each area of the roadway. Each area of the roadway includes the roadway top, roadway side, and roadway bottom. The operator holds the geological radar equipment and scans along the survey line to collect the reflected wave data information in real time, extract the parameter information in the reflected wave, and obtain the reflected wave amplitude parameter value and reflected wave frequency parameter value of the surrounding rock loose circle;

[0031] S02: Install multi-point displacement gauges at different depths of the roadway surrounding rock to monitor the displacement change conditions of the surrounding rock at different depths at each time point in real time, and obtain the displacement parameter values corresponding to each monitoring time point of the roadway surrounding rock;

[0032] S03: Connect the output end of the data acquisition to the input ends of the deep loose circle analysis, shallow loose circle analysis, and remote safety monitoring. Send the obtained reflected wave amplitude parameter value and reflected wave frequency parameter value to the shallow loose circle analysis and remote safety monitoring, and send the displacement parameter values corresponding to each monitoring point of the surrounding rock to the deep loose circle analysis and remote safety monitoring.

[0033] Step Two: Deep loose circle analysis: Analyze the displacement parameters corresponding to each monitoring time point of the deep roadway surrounding rock to determine the range of the surrounding rock loose circle. The specific analysis steps are as follows:

[0034] S11: The output end of the deep loosening zone analysis is connected to the input end of the comprehensive comparison analysis. Set the preset depth displacement monitoring period, obtain the start monitoring time point of the preset depth displacement monitoring period, mark it as the initial monitoring time point t1, and then until the end time point of the preset height displacement monitoring period, mark it as the end monitoring time point t2. Divide the preset depth displacement monitoring duration into equal ratios to obtain the preset depth displacement monitoring sub-durations, mark the preset depth displacement monitoring sub-durations as dt, obtain the displacement parameter values corresponding to the preset depth displacement monitoring sub-durations, one preset depth displacement monitoring sub-duration corresponds to one displacement parameter value, obtain the displacement parameter values, arrange the displacement parameter values in the time acquisition order of the preset depth displacement monitoring duration, and connect the adjacent displacement parameter values to obtain the displacement change curve. According to the displacement change curve, obtain the displacement values corresponding to the initial monitoring time point and the end monitoring time point, mark them as the initial displacement value d1 and the end displacement value d2, and calculate using the formula to obtain the cumulative displacement DS within the preset depth displacement monitoring duration 累计 ;

[0035] S12: Obtain two displacement parameter values at adjacent time points according to the displacement change curve, subtract the obtained displacement parameter values at adjacent time points to obtain the displacement difference value, mark it as DP 差异 , and calculate using the formula to obtain the displacement change rate value DH 速率 ;

[0036] S13: Obtain the displacement parameter values corresponding to all the preset depth displacement monitoring sub-durations, calculate the mean value of the obtained displacement values to obtain the average displacement change value, mark it as DK 平均 ;

[0037] S14: Calculate the obtained cumulative displacement, displacement difference value, displacement change rate value and average displacement change value. Set the preset displacement difference value, mark it as DC 预设差异 , set the preset average displacement change value, mark it as DB 预设平均 , and calculate using the formula to obtain the total displacement variable value DXC of the roadway surrounding rock. Among them, F1, F2, F3 and F4 are preset proportionality coefficients, and their magnitudes are custom values, such as taking values of 1.85, 1.73, 1.18, 1.37. g represents the number of the displacement parameter value, and n represents the total number of the displacement parameter values. Extract the preset total displacement variable value of the roadway surrounding rock in the data center, compare the actual total displacement variable value with the preset total displacement variable value. If the actual total displacement variable value is greater than the preset total displacement variable value, then determine that the current position is within the loosening zone of the surrounding rock, and generate a deep loosening signal to send to the comprehensive comparison analysis.

[0038] Step 3. Shallow loosening zone analysis: Analyze the position information of the surrounding rock loosening zone based on the obtained amplitude parameter values and frequency parameter values of each reflected wave. The specific analysis process is as follows:

[0039] S21: The output end of the shallow loosening zone analysis is connected to the input end of the comprehensive comparison analysis. Obtain the propagation time of the current reflected wave through the radar receiving antenna, marked as T1, extract the propagation speed of the current rock in the data center, marked as V1, and use the formula to obtain the reflection depth FD of the rock interface. Both T1 and V1 are positive values. Obtain the amplitude parameter values of the reflected waves at each position of the roadway surrounding rock, arrange the amplitude parameter values of the reflected waves at each position of the roadway surrounding rock in ascending order, obtain the maximum value and the minimum value of the reflected wave amplitude, subtract the minimum value of the reflected wave amplitude from the maximum value of the reflected wave amplitude to obtain the maximum difference value of the reflected wave amplitude, marked as FG. Obtain the frequency parameter values of each reflected wave of the current rock obtained by data collection, obtain the rock fragmentation degree value at the corresponding position based on the frequency parameter values of each reflected wave, match the frequency parameter values of the reflected waves with the rock fragmentation degree values at the corresponding positions. The smaller the frequency parameter value of the reflected wave, the greater the rock fragmentation degree value at the corresponding position. On the contrary, the larger the frequency parameter value of the reflected wave, the smaller the rock fragmentation degree value at the corresponding position. Extract the standard rock fragmentation degree value in the data center, compare each rock fragmentation degree value with the standard rock fragmentation degree value, mark those rock fragmentation degree values greater than the standard rock fragmentation degree value, marked as the rock fragmentation diffusion values of each rock. Analyze based on the frequency parameter values of the reflected waves and the rock fragmentation diffusion values of each rock to obtain the surrounding rock fragmentation state evaluation index, marked as FS. Calculate the obtained reflection depth, surrounding rock fragmentation state evaluation index, and the maximum difference value of the reflected wave amplitude, and use the formula to obtain the rock loosening value FK of the roadway surrounding rock, where Y1, Y2, and Y3 are preset proportionality coefficients, and their magnitudes are custom values, taking the values of 0.5, 0.9, and 0.7. Extract the preset rock loosening value in the data center, compare the actual rock loosening value with the preset rock loosening value. If the actual rock loosening value is greater than the preset rock loosening value, then determine that the current position is within the range of the surrounding rock loosening zone, generate a shallow loosening signal and send it to the comprehensive comparison analysis.

[0040] Step 4. Comprehensive comparison analysis: Mutually verify the result data obtained by each method to further determine the range of the loosening zone. The specific obtaining process is as follows:

[0041] S31: Mutually verify the result data obtained by each method analysis to further determine the range of the loosened zone. When receiving the deep loosening signal and the shallow loosening signal, compare the total displacement variable value corresponding to the regional position of each roadway surrounding rock with the preset total displacement variable value. If the total displacement variable value of a certain regional position is greater than the preset total displacement variable value, mark this regional position as an abnormal surrounding rock loosening point. Thus, count the abnormal surrounding rock loosening points corresponding to the surrounding rocks of each roadway, integrate the abnormal surrounding rock loosening points of each roadway, and mark it as the determination range of the first surrounding rock loosening zone. Compare the rock loosening value corresponding to the regional position of each roadway surrounding rock with the preset rock loosening value. If the rock loosening value of a certain regional position is greater than the preset rock loosening value, mark this regional position as an abnormal surrounding rock loosening point. Thus, count the abnormal surrounding rock loosening points corresponding to the surrounding rocks of each roadway, and similarly integrate it and mark it as the determination range of the second surrounding rock loosening zone;

[0042] S32: Match and overlap the obtained determination range of the first surrounding rock loosening zone and the determination range of the second surrounding rock loosening zone to obtain the overlapping area of the surrounding rock loosening of the determination range of the first surrounding rock loosening zone and the determination range of the second surrounding rock loosening zone, and mark this overlapping area of the surrounding rock loosening as the surrounding rock loosening zone.

[0043] Step Five: Remote safety monitoring: According to the real-time monitored status information of the surrounding rock loosening zone, when it exceeds the threshold, give out an audible and visual alarm. The specific process is as follows:

[0044] S41: By obtaining in real time the reflected wave amplitude parameter, reflected wave frequency parameter, and displacement parameter value corresponding to the surrounding rock loosening zone fed back by data collection, set the threshold range of each reflected wave amplitude parameter, reflected wave frequency parameter, and each displacement parameter value in the remote safety monitoring, and mark it as the early warning critical interval. When the values of each reflected wave amplitude parameter, reflected wave frequency parameter, and each displacement parameter value are greater than the early warning critical interval, generate an early warning signal and send it to the audible and visual alarm system, and the audible and visual alarm system gives out an audible and visual early warning to notify the staff to evacuate.

[0045] The above is the description of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation thereof. Although several exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art will easily understand that many modifications can be made to the exemplary embodiments without departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the present invention. Therefore, all these modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims. It should be understood that the above is the description of the present invention and should not be regarded as limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, and the modifications to the disclosed embodiments and other embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. The present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for testing and analyzing the loose circle of roadway surrounding rock, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: A1. Data collection: Distinguish the area of the current roadway, and collect various parameter information of the surrounding rock of the roadway through various devices; A2. Analysis of deep loosening zone: Analyze the displacement parameters of the surrounding rock of the deep roadway corresponding to each monitoring time point; A3. Analysis of shallow loosening zone: Analyze the position information of the loosening zone of the surrounding rock according to the obtained amplitude parameter values of each reflected wave and frequency parameter values of each reflected wave; A4. Mutually verify the result data obtained by each method to further determine the range of the loosening zone. Receive the deep loosening signal and shallow loosening signal, and compare the total displacement variable value corresponding to the regional position of each roadway surrounding rock with the preset total displacement variable value. If the total displacement variable value of a certain regional position is greater than the preset total displacement variable value, then mark this regional position as an abnormal surrounding rock loosening point. Thus, count the abnormal surrounding rock loosening points corresponding to each roadway surrounding rock, integrate the abnormal surrounding rock loosening points of each roadway, and mark it as the determination range of the first surrounding rock loosening circle. Compare the rock loosening value corresponding to the regional position of each roadway surrounding rock with the preset rock loosening value. If the rock loosening value of a certain regional position is greater than the preset rock loosening value, then mark this regional position as an abnormal surrounding rock loosening point. Thus, count the abnormal surrounding rock loosening points corresponding to each roadway surrounding rock, and similarly integrate it and mark it as the determination range of the second surrounding rock loosening circle; Match and overlap the obtained determination range of the first surrounding rock loosening circle and the determination range of the second surrounding rock loosening circle to obtain the overlapping area of the surrounding rock loosening of the determination range of the first surrounding rock loosening circle and the determination range of the second surrounding rock loosening circle, and mark this overlapping area of the surrounding rock loosening as the surrounding rock loosening circle; A5. Remote safety monitoring: According to the real-time monitored status information of the surrounding rock loosening circle, when it exceeds the threshold, give out an audible and visual alarm.

2. The method for testing and analyzing the loose circle of roadway surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, Analysis of deep loosening zone: Analyze the displacement parameters of the surrounding rock of the deep roadway corresponding to each monitoring time point to determine the range of the loosening zone of the surrounding rock. The specific analysis steps are as follows: The output end of the deep loosening zone analysis is connected to the input end of the comprehensive comparison analysis. A preset depth displacement monitoring period is set, and the start monitoring time point of the preset depth displacement monitoring period is obtained and marked as the initial monitoring time point t1. Then, up to the end time point of the preset depth displacement monitoring period, it is marked as the end monitoring time point t2. The preset depth displacement monitoring duration is equally divided into preset depth displacement monitoring sub - durations, and the preset depth displacement monitoring sub - duration is marked as dt. The displacement parameter values corresponding to the preset depth displacement monitoring sub - duration are obtained to get the displacement parameter values. The displacement parameter values are arranged according to the time acquisition order of the preset depth displacement monitoring duration, and the adjacent displacement parameter values are connected to obtain a displacement change curve. According to the displacement change curve, the displacement values corresponding to the initial monitoring time point and the end monitoring time point are obtained and marked as the initial displacement value d1 and the end displacement value d2. Calculate using the formula to obtain the cumulative displacement DS within the preset depth displacement monitoring duration 累计 ; Two displacement parameter values at adjacent time points are obtained according to the displacement change curve, and the difference between the obtained displacement parameter values at adjacent time points is calculated to obtain a displacement difference value, denoted as DP 差异 , and using the formula to obtain the displacement change rate value DH 速率 ; Obtain the displacement parameter values corresponding to all preset depth displacement monitoring sub-time lengths, calculate the mean value of the obtained displacement values to obtain the average displacement change value, and mark it as DK 平均 ; Calculate the obtained cumulative displacement, displacement difference value, displacement change rate value, and average displacement change value, set a preset displacement difference value, denoted as DC 预设差异 , set a preset average displacement change value, denoted as DB 预设平均 , use the formula to obtain the total displacement variable value DXC of the surrounding rock of the roadway. Among them, F1, F2, F3, and F4 are preset proportionality coefficients, g represents the number of the displacement parameter value, and n represents the total number of the displacement parameter values. Extract the preset total displacement variable value of the surrounding rock of the roadway in the data center, compare the actual total displacement variable value with the preset total displacement variable value. If the actual total displacement variable value is greater than the preset total displacement variable value, it is determined that the current position is within the range of the loose circle of the surrounding rock, and a deep loosening signal is generated and sent to the comprehensive comparison and analysis.

3. A method for testing and analyzing the loose circle of roadway surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, Analysis of shallow loosening zone: Analyze the position information of the loosening zone of the surrounding rock according to the obtained amplitude parameter values of each reflected wave and frequency parameter values of each reflected wave. The specific analysis process is as follows: The output end of the shallow loosening zone analysis is connected to the input end of the comprehensive comparison analysis. The propagation time of the current reflected wave is obtained through the radar receiving antenna and marked as T1. The propagation speed of the current rock in the data center is extracted and marked as V1. Using the formula the reflection depth FD of the rock interface is obtained. Both T1 and V1 are positive values. The amplitude parameter values of the reflected waves at each position of the roadway surrounding rock are obtained. The amplitude parameter values of the reflected waves at each position of the roadway surrounding rock are arranged in ascending order. The maximum amplitude value and the minimum amplitude value of the reflected waves are obtained. The difference between the maximum amplitude value and the minimum amplitude value of the reflected waves is calculated to obtain the maximum amplitude difference value of the reflected waves, marked as FG. The frequency parameter values of the current reflected waves of each rock obtained from the data collection are obtained. Based on the frequency parameter values of the reflected waves, the rock fragmentation degree values at the corresponding positions are obtained. The frequency parameter values of the reflected waves are matched with the rock fragmentation degree values at the corresponding positions. The smaller the frequency parameter value of the reflected wave, the greater the rock fragmentation degree value at the corresponding position. On the contrary, the larger the frequency parameter value of the reflected wave, the smaller the rock fragmentation degree value at the corresponding position. The standard rock fragmentation degree value of the data center is extracted. The rock fragmentation degree values are compared with the standard rock fragmentation degree value. The rock fragmentation degree values greater than the standard rock fragmentation degree value are marked and marked as the rock fragmentation diffusion values of each. Based on the frequency parameter values of the reflected waves and the rock fragmentation diffusion values of each, the surrounding rock fragmentation state evaluation index is analyzed and marked as FS. The obtained reflection depth, surrounding rock fragmentation state evaluation index, and the maximum amplitude difference value of the reflected waves are calculated. Using the formula the rock loosening value FK of the roadway surrounding rock is obtained. Among them, Y1, Y2, and Y3 are preset proportionality coefficients. The preset rock loosening value of the data center is extracted. The actual rock loosening value is compared with the preset rock loosening value. If the actual rock loosening value is greater than the preset rock loosening value, it is determined that the current position is within the range of the surrounding rock loosening zone, and a shallow loosening signal is generated and sent to the comprehensive comparison analysis.

4. A method for testing and analyzing the loose circle of roadway surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, Remote safety monitoring: According to the real-time monitored status information of the surrounding rock loosening circle, when it exceeds the threshold, give out an audible and visual alarm. The specific process is as follows: By obtaining in real time the amplitude parameter of the reflected wave, frequency parameter of the reflected wave and displacement parameter value corresponding to the surrounding rock loosening circle fed back by data collection, set the threshold range of each amplitude parameter of the reflected wave, frequency parameter of the reflected wave and displacement parameter value in the remote safety monitoring, and mark it as the early warning critical interval. When the values of each amplitude parameter of the reflected wave, frequency parameter of the reflected wave and displacement parameter value are greater than the early warning critical interval, generate an early warning signal and send it to the audible and visual alarm system, and the audible and visual alarm system gives out an audible and visual early warning to notify the staff to evacuate.

5. The method for testing and analyzing the loose circle of roadway surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, Data collection: Distinguish the area of the current roadway, and collect various parameter information of the surrounding rock of the roadway through various devices. The specific process is as follows: Intercept the current image information of each roadway through a high-definition camera, extract the area of each roadway in the image information of each roadway to obtain the roadway area corresponding to the image information of each roadway, extract the standard image area of the data center, and compare the roadway area corresponding to the image information of each roadway with the standard image area. If the roadway area corresponding to the current roadway image information is greater than the standard image area, mark the corresponding roadway as a large cross-section roadway; otherwise, mark the corresponding roadway as a small cross-section roadway. Thus, large cross-section roadways and small cross-section roadways are obtained. Arrange the radar survey lines respectively through the large cross-section roadways and small cross-section roadways. If the current is a large cross-section roadway, set the radar survey line spacing to 1.5 - 2.5 meters, and set the survey line spacing of the small cross-section roadway to 1 - 1.5 meters. Set it in each area of the roadway. Each area of the roadway includes the roadway roof, roadway side, and roadway bottom. The operator holds the ground-penetrating radar equipment and scans along the survey line to collect the reflected wave data information in real time, extract the parameter information in the reflected wave, and obtain the reflected wave amplitude parameter value and reflected wave frequency parameter value of the surrounding rock loose circle; Install multi-point displacement gauges at different depths of the roadway surrounding rock to monitor the displacement change conditions of the surrounding rock at different depths at each time point in real time, and obtain the displacement parameter values corresponding to each monitoring time point of the roadway surrounding rock; The output end of the data acquisition is connected to the input ends of the deep loose circle analysis, shallow loose circle analysis, and remote safety monitoring. Send the obtained reflected wave amplitude parameter value and reflected wave frequency parameter value to the shallow loose circle analysis and remote safety monitoring, and send the displacement parameter values corresponding to each monitoring point of the surrounding rock to the deep loose circle analysis and remote safety monitoring.

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