Regional power grid operation and maintenance management platform based on digital twinning

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power grid operation and maintenance, in particular to a regional power grid operation and maintenance management platform based on digital twinning. According to the invention, an integrated regional power grid operation and maintenance management platform is constructed through a digital twinning technology. According to the platform, real-time power grid data, meteorological data and equipment physical characteristics are combined, and through finite element analysis and a dynamic wind load model, the operation state of power grid equipment, especially the stress and deformation conditions of towers and wires, is updated in real time; by dynamically feeding back the influence of disasters such as lightning stroke and typhoon and combining with the equipment damage analysis model and the defense strategy optimization module, the platform can calculate the damage condition of the equipment in real time when the disasters occur, so that the defense strategy is optimized, and the power failure loss and the defense cost are minimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power grid operation and maintenance, and particularly to a regional power grid operation and maintenance management platform based on digital twin. Background Art

[0002] The challenges faced by the power grid include the impact of complex external environments (such as meteorological disasters like typhoons and lightning strikes), as well as the force changes caused by equipment deformation (such as the tilt of poles and the swing of conductors).

[0003] Current power grid management methods mainly rely on the static operating status of equipment, and most disaster simulations do not combine the dynamic response of equipment and the real-time changes of meteorological factors. This approach often fails to accurately reflect the impact of extreme weather on power grid equipment, resulting in poor operating stability of the power grid during disasters and even problems such as equipment damage or power grid outage.

[0004] With the intensification of climate change and the frequent occurrence of natural disasters, the safety and stability of the power grid are facing greater pressure, and traditional power grid management lacks accurate disaster impact assessment and dynamic emergency response mechanisms. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides a regional power grid operation and maintenance management platform based on digital twin, which can effectively solve the problem that in the prior art, it is difficult to analyze the power grid status by combining the conditions of power grid equipment in extreme environments and it is difficult to conduct safety operation and maintenance control for the power grid in extreme environments.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a regional power grid operation and maintenance management platform based on digital twin, which at least includes: A data acquisition module for acquiring power grid-related data; An equipment status analysis module for forming risk monitoring of equipment, including: Establishing a mechanical model of a pole under the influence of a typhoon based on the finite element method; Establishing a wind load vector calculation model: represents the wind speed in meteorological data, represents the windward area of the equipment, represents the angle between the wind speed direction and the equipment orientation, represents the wind force influence coefficient, represents the environmental correction influence, where: The windward area is determined by the windward area increment corresponding to the equipment deformation profile, where: The windward area increment is established based on the pole bending; Establish the increased windward area based on the swing of the conductor; Establish an ice thickness growth equation to calculate the force on the conductor; The meteorological coupling module determines the wind speed distribution of the typhoon, and based on the wind load vector and typhoon wind speed, feeds back to the tower mechanical model to re - establish the dynamic response of the equipment; Introduce the influence of typhoons and ice layer thickening, determine the probability of the equipment being struck by lightning, and evaluate the equipment damage risk to form operation and maintenance control.

[0007] In summary, the present invention constructs an integrated regional power grid operation and maintenance management platform by introducing digital twin technology. This platform combines real - time power grid data, meteorological data, and equipment physical characteristics. Through finite element analysis and dynamic wind load models, it can update the operating status of power grid equipment in real - time, especially the force and deformation conditions of towers and conductors. By dynamically feeding back the impact of disasters such as lightning strikes and typhoons, combined with the equipment damage analysis model and defense strategy optimization module, this platform can calculate the damaged condition of the equipment in real - time during the occurrence of disasters, and then optimize the defense strategy to minimize power outage losses and defense costs.

[0008] Based on the above, the following is a further analysis: The increased windward area is determined according to the following two implementation cases: When the tower bends, its shape changes; Let the bending angle increment of the tower be , considering the influence of multiple adjacent towers, the increased windward area caused by the bending angle.

[0009] When the wind acts on the conductor and causes it to swing, in the case of multiple conductors and towers, the swing of the conductor is affected by its own force and also by the deformation of adjacent towers, thus determining the increased windward area.

[0010] Furthermore, the method for determining the probability of the equipment being struck by lightning and judging whether the equipment is damaged is as follows: The lightning strike probability is related to the deformation of the tower and the ice layer thickness, so the lightning strike probability represents the ground lightning strike density, represents the thunderstorm duration, represents the equivalent intercepting area of the equipment; represents the equipment 's initial intercepting area, represents the scale factor, represents the radius of the equipment, represents the equipment at time 's equivalent intercepting area; Define the lightning strike occurrence probability ; If the pole tower is tilted due to impact or vibration after being struck by lightning, then: Determine the tilt angle of the pole tower represents the transient impact force generated by lightning strike, represents the action time of the lightning strike, represents the mass of the pole tower; Based on the tilt angle of the pole tower Judge whether it is damaged.

[0011] Furthermore, it is also possible to evaluate the damage based on the current-carrying capacity of the equipment and the instantaneous increase in current after the lightning strike, and judge whether the equipment is damaged.

[0012] The technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the known prior art: Through the dynamic equipment stress and deformation analysis technology, the finite element analysis is used to simulate the stress, deformation and damage processes of power grid equipment in the disaster environment in real time, the state changes of power grid equipment are fed back in real time, and the equipment stress model is dynamically updated to improve the stability and safety of power grid operation and maintenance; For the equipment in the power grid, such as pole towers and conductors, environmental factors such as strong winds and ice and snow loads are introduced to determine the changes in the stress state and generate corresponding deformation responses, such as pole tower bending and conductor stretching, accurately reflecting the actual state of the equipment, and realizing real-time simulation and monitoring of the equipment stress and deformation processes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0014] Figure 1 It is the overall module block diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] In the operation and maintenance management of power grids, the impacts brought by extreme meteorological disasters (such as typhoons, lightning strikes, ice and snow, etc.) have always been important challenges to the safety and stability of power grids. Especially when encountering meteorological disasters such as strong winds, lightning strikes, or ice and snow, power grid equipment (such as poles and conductors) may undergo varying degrees of deformation, damage, or failure, which directly affect the power supply capacity of the power grid and the speed of post-disaster recovery.

[0017] Current power grid operation and maintenance management systems mostly rely on static models and preset rules, lacking real-time feedback and real-time response mechanisms for equipment in dynamic disaster environments. As a result, it is impossible to accurately predict equipment damage during disasters, and it is also impossible to quickly and precisely evaluate damaged areas and equipment during the post-disaster recovery process.

[0018] To solve the above problems, this solution proposes a solution that combines dynamic equipment stress and deformation analysis, aiming to accurately simulate the performance of power grid equipment in disaster environments to form a stable power grid operation and maintenance management system.

[0019] The following further describes the present invention in conjunction with embodiments.

[0020] Embodiment 1 (refer to Figure 1 ): A regional power grid operation and maintenance management platform based on digital twins includes at least: A data acquisition module, specifically: Obtain power grid data of the region, specifically collect real-time voltage, current, and power data; obtain synchronous phasor data of the power grid through a PMU (phasor measurement unit); monitor the status data of equipment through equipment sensors (such as temperature sensors, vibration sensors, etc.); Obtain the corresponding meteorological data under the regional power grid, specifically obtain data such as typhoon path (latitude and longitude, moving speed, central pressure), wind speed, rainfall, lightning density, etc. It should be noted that meteorological data can be obtained through various channels such as typhoon models, meteorological stations, and satellites; Obtain the geographical data of the regional power grid, specifically obtain spatial information such as the geographical coordinates, terrain elevation, and vegetation distribution of power grid equipment through GIS (geographic information system); By preprocessing the above-collected power grid data, meteorological data, and geographical data (relevant data), the noise impact of the data can be reduced.

[0021] Furthermore, align the meteorological data with the spatial positions of power grid equipment. For example, a spatial interpolation algorithm can be used to match the meteorological data with the actual positions of equipment (power grid equipment), and in this way, an aligned multi-modal data set is obtained Represents the power grid state vector, such as current, voltage, power, load, etc., Represents the meteorological state vector, such as wind speed, precipitation, temperature, etc., Represents a vector of geographical data, such as geographical coordinates, terrain elevation, vegetation distribution, etc., Represents each device in the power grid , such as transformers, circuit breakers, or transmission lines, etc., Represents the moment of data acquisition, thereby enabling precise monitoring of the power grid system status.

[0022] The device status analysis module, in combination with wind loads, ice accretion, and device deformation, calculates the stress state and deformation of the device (tower, conductor), and realizes the monitoring of the risk status of the device, including: Combines the finite element method (FEM) to perform stress analysis on the power grid tower and constructs a mechanical model of the tower under the influence of typhoons: Among them, Represents the mass matrix, Represents the damping matrix, Represents the stiffness matrix, Represents the displacement vector of the tower, Represents the wind load vector, and the calculation model of the wind load vector: Among them, Represents the wind speed in meteorological data, Represents the windward area of the device, Represents the angle between the wind speed direction and the device orientation, Represents the wind force influence coefficient, reflecting factors such as the shape of the device, Represents the environmental correction influence, describing the influence of terrain, vegetation, etc. on the wind speed; The dynamic change influence of the device orientation and the wind speed direction: As the wind speed direction changes with time, the angle will also change when the device orientation changes. For the angle, there is: Represents the change of the wind speed direction with time, Represents the change of the device orientation with time, which changes due to the action of wind force (the change of the device orientation can be simulated by the finite element method to obtain the dynamic response of the device under the action of wind force, such as the tower bending due to wind force, resulting in a change in the device orientation, which will not be elaborated here).

[0023] The influence of device tilt: Assume that the tilt angle after the device tilts is (the tilt angle of the device caused by wind force), the orientation of the device will deviate from the original direction, and the new device orientation: Represents the initial orientation of the device, Indicates the tilt angle of the device caused by external forces (such as wind force). When the device (such as a pole tower) is tilted, the angle between the wind speed direction and the device orientation will change with the tilt angle, which will further affect the windward area of the power grid device. Therefore, the updated angle can be obtained. )

[0024] It should be noted that under the action of strong winds such as typhoons, the deformation of the device will cause changes in the windward area. Specifically: Since the windward area refers to the surface area of the power grid device exposed to the wind, when there is no wind force, the windward area is a fixed value, depending on the structure of the device. However, when the wind speed increases to a certain extent, the shape and structure of the power grid device will deform, such as the pole tower bending, thus changing its actual windward area. Therefore: Changes in the windward area: The deformation of the power grid device caused by wind force will increase or decrease the windward area of the device. For example, when the pole tower bends under strong wind, it may increase the windward area of the pole tower; while some power grid devices (such as conductors) may swing in strong winds, resulting in a temporary increase or decrease in their windward area. Therefore, the method for determining the windward area of the device is as follows: Simulate the deformation profile of the device through the finite element method, such as the bending curve of the pole tower under wind force, the changes in the conductor swinging due to wind, etc.; According to the deformation profile of the device, calculate the new windward area, where: For the pole tower, calculate the cross-sectional area after deformation to obtain the new windward area: Among them, represents the windward area of the device before deformation, represents the increment of the windward area caused by wind force. The increment of the windward area reflects the change in the windward area caused by the deformation of the device. This increment can be estimated through the deformation amount of the device, as follows: 1) The increment of the windward area caused by the bending of the pole tower: When the pole tower bends, the shape of the pole tower changes, thus increasing its windward area.

[0025] Assume that the increment of the bending angle of the pole tower is , then the increment of the windward area is calculated through the deformation amount of the pole tower, and the influence of multiple adjacent pole towers needs to be considered. The increment of the windward area caused by the bending angle is: represents the height or length of the pole tower, represents the pole tower 's bending angle, represents the pole tower and its adjacent pole tower The influence coefficient between them is calculated based on the relative position, wind speed distribution, and direction angle. Denote the tower The set of adjacent towers Denote the tower The bending angle; Among them, for the tower And its adjacent tower The influence coefficient between them Is determined according to the following relational expression: Denote the tower And The Euclidean distance between them, Denote the reference distance, Denote The direction angle pointing to ; Denote the deformation influence factor, Denote the reference wind speed, Denote the exponential function, which describes that as the Euclidean distance between towers increases, the influence coefficient will decay exponentially; 2) The increment of the windward area caused by the swing of the conductor. When the wind acts on the conductor, the conductor will swing, increasing or decreasing its windward area. In the case of multiple conductors and towers, the swing of the conductor is not only affected by its own force but also by the deformation of adjacent towers: Denote the radius of the conductor, Denote the ice thickness of the conductor (dynamically updated with the change of meteorological conditions), Denote the swing angle of the conductor, Denote the influence coefficient between the tower and the conductor, which is calculated based on factors such as the relative position between the conductor and the tower, wind speed distribution, etc. Denote the influence of adjacent towers on the swing angle of the conductor; Among them, the influence coefficient between the tower and the conductor Is determined according to the following relational expression: Denote the flexible coupling coefficient between the conductor and the tower, Denote the span of the conductor between the tower And ; Denote the reference span, Denote the tower The current tilt angle; When multiple adjacent poles and towers are under stress, their deformations affect each other. For example, when a pole or tower bends due to strong winds or increased ice thickness, it may generate wind effects on adjacent poles or towers, thereby affecting their deformations. By introducing the influence coefficient between adjacent poles and towers, the deformations of each pole and tower and the conductors are dynamically corrected, so that the windward area of each device reflects a more realistic physical situation.

[0026] Furthermore, based on the ice thickness growth equation and combined with real-time meteorological data (air temperature , dew point temperature and wind speed ), the ice thickness growth process is dynamically updated as follows: According to the ice thickness growth equation, the ice thickness on the conductor changes with time, so we have: represents the empirical coefficient; Discretize and solve it by numerical methods, and use the Euler method for approximate calculation: Set the initial time , the initial ice thickness , set the time step ; Calculate the increment at each time step through the ice thickness growth equation represents the ice thickness growth rate calculated according to the current meteorological conditions; Calculate the ice thickness at the next time represents the ice layer calculated in the previous time step, that is is the updated ice thickness, substitute the updated ice thickness into equation to replace , and then calculate more precisely.

[0027] It should be noted that the mass of the conductor increases with the increase of ice thickness, and the mass update formula is: Among them, represents the density of ice, represents the cross-sectional area of the conductor; Update the conductor force and wind load vector: The increased conductor mass causes the wind load vector to increase, and the updated conductor force: represents the conductor force, represents the acceleration due to gravity.

[0028] By the above steps, the ice thickness is iteratively calculated at each time step until the target time is reached. It should be noted that meteorological conditions (temperature, dew point temperature, wind speed, etc.) may change over time, so these meteorological data need to be updated at each time step.

[0029] A meteorological coupling module is used to simulate the impact of typhoon and lightning strike meteorological disasters on the power grid and analyze the power grid security under disaster conditions, including: According to historical data, the Rankine vortex model is used to calculate the wind speed distribution of the typhoon: represents the wind speed at a distance from the typhoon center ; represents the maximum wind speed of the typhoon, represents the radius of the maximum wind speed, represents the distance from the typhoon center; Furthermore, according to the calculation model of the wind load vector and the typhoon wind speed calculation feedback to the tower mechanical model, the displacement and deformation of the tower can be updated to form the dynamic response of the equipment.

[0030] Further, considering factors such as typhoons and ice layer thickening, calculate the probability of lightning strikes on power grid equipment and evaluate the risk of equipment damage. Specifically: The deformation of the equipment (such as tower tilt, conductor swing) and the thickening of the ice layer will increase the risk of lightning strikes on the equipment. According to the lightning strike probability model, the lightning strike probability is related to the deformation of the equipment (such as tilt angle) and the ice layer thickness. Therefore: Lightning strike probability represents the ground lightning strike density, represents the duration of the thunderstorm, represents the equivalent intercepting area of the equipment, which is affected by the ice layer thickness and deformation: represents the equipment initial intercepting area, represents the scaling factor, represents the radius of the equipment, represents the equipment at time equivalent intercepting area; Define the lightning strike occurrence probability , so if is 1, the equipment will be struck by lightning; if it is 0, the equipment will not be struck by lightning; Furthermore, after the equipment (tower) is struck by lightning, it may be subjected to transient impacts or vibrations, resulting in its tilt. In order to determine whether it is damaged, calculate the tilt angle of the tower represents the transient impact force generated by the lightning strike, represents the lightning strike action time, represents the mass of the tower; Therefore, if the inclination angle of the pole tower exceeds the angle threshold, it is considered that the structure of the pole tower is damaged or fails, and the equipment is determined to be damaged; In addition, lightning strikes may also cause electrical damage to the equipment. For example, current heating affects the electrical performance of the wire or other components are damaged. At this time, it is necessary to evaluate the damage based on the current-carrying capacity of the equipment and the instantaneous current increase after the lightning strike: represents the maximum current of the equipment after the lightning strike, represents the rated current of the equipment, represents the current increment caused by the lightning strike. If exceeds the current threshold, it may cause electrical damage and even burn out the equipment.

[0031] In the above, the damage of the equipment is fed back to the power flow calculation model and load distribution model of the power grid. The power flow calculation model will recalculate the voltage and current distribution according to the updated power grid topology, and the load distribution model will rearrange the power flow direction to ensure the stability of the power grid operation and realize the operation and maintenance control of the power grid. It should be noted that the power flow calculation model and load distribution model are common models adopted in the current power grid. Therefore, this case will not be further elaborated.

[0032] The defense strategy optimization module calculates a new windward area according to the inclination angle of the pole tower to update the wind load vector, so as to define the objective function and update the defense strategy: represents the decision variable vector. The decision variables are usually related to the defense strategy, such as whether to reinforce a certain equipment, whether to perform load transfer, whether to isolate certain equipment, etc. These variables are optimized by methods such as genetic algorithms to find the optimal defense strategy. represents the cost function of the defense strategy, represents the expected value of the power outage loss caused by the disaster, represents the disaster loss cost under the given defense strategy and random factors Under the condition, a group of initial decision variable vectors are randomly generated through genetic algorithms and through continuous iteration, calculate the corresponding for each group of decision variable vectors, and then according to operations such as fitness selection, crossover, and mutation, continuously improve the defense strategy until the minimum objective value is found. In this way, an optimal defense strategy that balances the defense cost and disaster loss can be found, and the platform can perform operation and maintenance control on the power grid.

[0033] Finally, the present invention also provides: A computer device includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the system described in any one of the above is implemented.

[0034] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the system described in any one of the above is implemented.

[0035] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A regional power grid operation and maintenance management platform based on digital twin, characterized in that include: Data acquisition module, to obtain power grid related data; The equipment status analysis module combines wind load, ice thickening, and equipment deformation to determine the equipment stress status and deformation, and conduct risk monitoring on the equipment, including: Establish the mechanical model of the tower under the influence of typhoon based on the finite element method; Establish a wind load vector calculation model: represents the wind speed in meteorological data, represents the windward area of the device, represents the angle between the wind speed direction and the device orientation, represents the wind force influence coefficient, represents the environmental correction influence, where: The frontal area is determined by the windward area increment corresponding to the deformation profile of the equipment, where: Establish the windward area increment based on the tower bending; Establishing the windward area increment based on the conductor swing; Establish ice thickness growth equation to calculate conductor force; The meteorological coupling module determines the wind speed distribution of the typhoon, feeds back the wind load vector and the typhoon wind speed to the tower mechanical model, and re-establishes the dynamic response of the equipment; Introduce the impact of typhoons and ice thickening, determine the probability of equipment being struck by lightning, and assess the risk of equipment damage to form operation and maintenance control.

2. The regional power grid operation and maintenance management platform based on digital twin according to claim 1, wherein The method for establishing the windward area increment based on the tower bending is: When a tower bends, its shape changes; Let the increment of the bending angle of the pole tower be , considering the influence of multiple adjacent pole towers, the increment of the windward area caused by the bending angle is: Indicates the height or length of the pole tower, Indicates the pole tower Bending angle, Indicates the pole tower And its adjacent pole towers Influence coefficient between them, calculated based on relative position, wind speed distribution, and direction angle, Indicates the pole tower Adjacent pole tower set, Indicates the pole tower Bending angle.

3. The regional power grid operation and maintenance management platform based on digital twin according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for establishing the windward area increment according to the conductor swing is: When wind acts on the conductor and causes it to swing, in the case of multiple conductors and towers, the swing of the conductor is affected by its own force and the deformation of the adjacent towers: represents the radius of the wire, represents the ice layer thickness of the wire, represents the swing angle of the wire, represents the influence coefficient between the pole tower and the wire, represents the influence of adjacent pole towers on the swing angle of the wire.

4. The regional power grid operation and maintenance management platform based on digital twin according to claim 3, wherein The method for calculating the ice thickness by the ice thickness growth equation is: According to the ice thickness growth equation, we have: represents an empirical coefficient; Set the initial time , the initial ice layer thickness , set the time step ; Calculate the increment for each time step using the ice thickness growth equation Indicates the ice thickness growth rate; Calculate the ice thickness at the next moment ; ; represents the ice layer calculated at the previous time step, i.e., is the updated ice layer thickness, i.e., .

5. The regional power grid operation and maintenance management platform based on digital twin according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for calculating the conductor force using the ice thickness growth equation is: The mass of the wire increases with the thickening of the ice layer, and the mass is as follows: Among them, represents the density of ice, represents the cross-sectional area of the wire; The increased wire mass causes the wind load vector to increase, and the wire forces are updated: Indicates the force on the wire, Indicates the acceleration due to gravity.

6. The regional power grid operation and maintenance management platform based on digital twin according to claim 1, characterized in that The method to determine the probability of equipment being struck by lightning and whether the equipment is damaged is as follows: The lightning strike probability is related to the deformation of the tower and the ice layer thickness, so the lightning strike probability represents the ground lightning strike density, represents the thunderstorm duration, represents the equivalent intercepting area of the equipment; Represents the device Initial interception area of Represents the scale factor Represents the radius of the device Represents the device At time Equivalent interception area of Define the probability of lightning strike ; If the tower is struck by lightning and then subjected to shock or vibration, causing it to tilt, then: Determine the tilt angle of the pole tower Indicates the transient impact force generated by lightning strike, Indicates the action time of lightning strike, Indicates the mass of the pole tower; According to the inclination angle of the pole tower Determine whether it is damaged.

7. The regional power grid operation and maintenance management platform based on digital twin according to claim 6, characterized in that, If the lightning strike causes electrical damage to the device, the damage is assessed based on the current carrying capacity of the device and the instantaneous increase in current after the lightning strike to determine whether the device is damaged.

8. The regional power grid operation and maintenance management platform based on digital twin according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes, defense strategy optimization module: According to the inclination angle of the tower, the new windward area is calculated to update the wind load vector, and the objective function is defined to update the defense strategy.

9. A computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, the system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, the system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

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