IES scheduling method and device based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intention

Abstract

The present invention discloses an IES scheduling method and device based on coordinating hydrogen production with low-carbon intentions, relating to the field of optimized scheduling of integrated energy systems. This method constructs a mathematical model for turquoise hydrogen production based on the methane cracking hydrogen production process. The method coordinates the ratio of green hydrogen to turquoise hydrogen produced during different time periods to reduce the system's carbon emissions. Based on users' willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy, the method analyzes the carbon footprint of energy supplied by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system during set time periods, dividing the energy supplied to the load side by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system into zero-carbon electricity and heat energy and ordinary electricity and heat energy. An additional price coefficient is set for zero-carbon energy to obtain additional revenue from zero-carbon energy. Based on a set objective function, a low-carbon economic scheduling model and constraints are constructed. The set parameter data is input into the low-carbon economic scheduling model to output a scheduling strategy for the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system. This invention can effectively reduce the system's total operating costs and carbon emissions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of integrated energy system optimization scheduling, and in particular to an IES scheduling method and device based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intentions. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing severity of global climate change, low-carbon economies and sustainable development have become key development priorities for all countries. As a key means of achieving a low-carbon economy, the optimization and scheduling of integrated energy systems (IES) has garnered widespread attention. An IES is an energy network that integrates multiple energy types (such as electricity, heat, and gas). By efficiently integrating and optimizing various energy devices, such as wind power, energy storage, grid trading, gas turbines, gas boilers, and electric chillers, it achieves coordinated supply of electrical, heating, and cooling loads. The optimal scheduling of this system is crucial for improving energy efficiency and reducing carbon emissions.

[0003] In integrated energy systems, hydrogen production is a crucial energy conversion method, and its efficiency and cost significantly impact the overall performance of the system. The selection and coordination of hydrogen production methods not only affect the yield and quality of hydrogen energy but also directly impact the system's energy efficiency and carbon emissions. Hydrogen can be categorized by source as green hydrogen, turquoise hydrogen, blue hydrogen, and gray hydrogen. Green hydrogen is produced through water electrolysis using renewable energy, resulting in zero carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Turquoise hydrogen is produced through methane pyrolysis (MP), also without CO2 emissions. Blue hydrogen is produced by combining carbon capture equipment with steam methane reforming equipment, reducing CO2 emissions through carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology during the methane steam reforming process. Gray hydrogen is produced through steam reforming of fossil fuels, resulting in higher carbon emissions. Turquoise hydrogen is produced through methane pyrolysis (MP) technology, and the production process does not emit any carbon dioxide. Currently, integrated energy systems typically meet their hydrogen load requirements by producing green hydrogen. However, green hydrogen production consumes a lot of electricity. To meet this demand, the system must increase the operating efficiency of gas-fired units during peak electricity loads, resulting in higher carbon emissions.

[0004] Therefore, in the process of optimizing scheduling, the coordination of hydrogen production methods must be fully considered to achieve efficient energy utilization and low carbon emissions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides an IES scheduling method and apparatus based on coordinating hydrogen production with low-carbon consumption. This method incorporates turquoise hydrogen production equipment into the integrated energy system and constructs a mathematical model for producing turquoise hydrogen using methane cracking equipment. By coordinating the production ratio of green hydrogen to turquoise hydrogen at different times, the system's total operating cost and carbon emissions are effectively reduced while meeting the system's hydrogen load. Furthermore, the method considers users' willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy and establishes a reasonable additional price coefficient for zero-carbon energy, effectively reducing the system's total operating cost.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an IES scheduling method based on coordinating hydrogen production with low-carbon intentions, comprising:

[0007] Based on the methane cracking method for producing turquoise hydrogen, a mathematical model for producing turquoise hydrogen is constructed;

[0008] By introducing a coordinated hydrogen production method that takes into account green hydrogen and turquoise hydrogen, a hydrogen-containing integrated energy system model is constructed;

[0009] Based on the user's willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy, the carbon footprint of the energy supplied by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system during a set period is analyzed, and the energy supplied to the load side by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is divided into zero-carbon electricity, zero-carbon thermal energy, ordinary electricity, and ordinary thermal energy; by setting an additional price coefficient for the zero-carbon energy, additional revenue from the zero-carbon energy is obtained;

[0010] According to the set objective function, a low-carbon economic dispatch model and constraints are constructed;

[0011] The set parameter data is input into the low-carbon economic dispatch model; the low-carbon economic dispatch model is used to process the data and output a hydrogen-containing integrated energy system dispatch strategy.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the IES scheduling method based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intentions, the mathematical model for producing turquoise hydrogen is expressed as follows:

[0013] ;

[0014] Where, for The volume of turquoise hydrogen produced by methane cracking during the period; for The volume of natural gas consumed by the Turquoise Hydrogen Production Equipment during the period; for The electricity consumed by the turquoise hydrogen production equipment during the period; for The amount of electricity consumed to produce unit volume of turquoise hydrogen during a certain period of time; for The mass of carbon produced by methane cracking reaction during the period; The efficiency of converting methane to carbon; The efficiency of methane conversion to hydrogen; and The upper and lower limits of hydrogen production by the methane cracking equipment at any time period; is the lower calorific value of carbon; The lower heating value of methane.

[0015] As a preferred solution for the IES scheduling method based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intentions, in the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system model, the electricity load of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is supplied by power purchase from the grid, hydrogen fuel cells, wind turbines, and gas turbines.

[0016] The heat load of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is supplied by gas turbines, hydrogen fuel cells, electric boilers and gas boilers;

[0017] The hydrogen load of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is supplied through electric hydrogen production equipment and methane cracking equipment;

[0018] The energy storage equipment of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system includes electricity storage equipment, heat storage equipment and hydrogen storage equipment.

[0019] As the preferred solution of the IES scheduling method based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon willingness, the mathematical expression of the user's willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy is:

[0020] ;

[0021] ;

[0022] ;

[0023] Where, For very willing users; For more willing users; For neutral users; For the more reluctant users; For completely unwilling users; is the user willingness distribution matrix after the kth iteration; The willingness of individual users to purchase zero-carbon energy.

[0024] As a preferred solution of the IES scheduling method based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intentions, the mathematical model expression for dividing the energy supplied to the load side by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system into the zero-carbon electricity, the zero-carbon thermal energy, the ordinary electricity, and the ordinary thermal energy is as follows:

[0025] ;

[0026] Where, and They are System electrical load and thermal load during each period; and They are Zero-carbon electricity and zero-carbon heat produced by the time-slot system; for The volume of natural gas consumed by the gas turbine during the period; for The volume of natural gas consumed by gas boilers during the period; for The main network electricity purchase amount during the period; is the electricity conversion efficiency of the gas turbine; is the heat conversion efficiency of the gas turbine, is the heat conversion efficiency of the gas boiler.

[0027] As a preferred solution of the IES scheduling method based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intention, the objective function of the low-carbon economic scheduling model is:

[0028] ;

[0029] Where, is the total cost of system operation; Cost of purchasing electricity for the main grid; Equipment operation and maintenance costs; is the tiered carbon trading cost, is the cost of the carbon tax, For green certificate income, Penalty costs for wind curtailment, Additional benefits for zero-carbon energy;

[0030] The constraints include: wind power generation constraints, coupling constraints, power balance constraints and energy storage constraints.

[0031] The present invention also provides an IES scheduling device based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intentions. The IES scheduling method based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intentions includes:

[0032] A module for constructing a mathematical model for producing turquoise hydrogen, which is used to construct a mathematical model for producing turquoise hydrogen based on a methane cracking hydrogen production method;

[0033] A hydrogen-containing integrated energy system model construction module, which is used to construct a hydrogen-containing integrated energy system model by introducing a coordinated hydrogen production method that takes into account green hydrogen and turquoise hydrogen;

[0034] An energy classification module is used to classify the energy supplied by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system to the load side into zero-carbon electricity, zero-carbon thermal energy, ordinary electricity, and ordinary thermal energy based on the user's willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy by analyzing the carbon footprint of the energy supplied by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system during a set period of time; and to obtain additional revenue from the zero-carbon energy by setting an additional price coefficient for the zero-carbon energy;

[0035] A low-carbon economic dispatch model and constraint condition construction module, which is used to construct a low-carbon economic dispatch model and constraint conditions according to the set objective function;

[0036] The scheduling strategy output module is used to input the set parameter data into the low-carbon economic scheduling model; process it through the low-carbon economic scheduling model, and output the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system scheduling strategy.

[0037] As a preferred solution of the IES scheduling device based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intentions, in the turquoise hydrogen production mathematical model construction module, the expression of the turquoise hydrogen production mathematical model is:

[0038] ;

[0039] Where, for The volume of turquoise hydrogen produced by methane cracking during the period; for The volume of natural gas consumed by the Turquoise Hydrogen Production Equipment during the period; for The electricity consumed by the turquoise hydrogen production equipment during the period; for The amount of electricity consumed to produce unit volume of turquoise hydrogen during a certain period of time; for The mass of carbon produced by methane cracking reaction during the period; The efficiency of converting methane to carbon; The efficiency of methane conversion to hydrogen; and The upper and lower limits of hydrogen production by the methane cracking equipment at any time period; is the lower calorific value of carbon; The lower heating value of methane.

[0040] As a preferred solution of the IES scheduling device based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intentions, in the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system model construction module, in the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system model, the electric load of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is supplied by power purchase from the grid, hydrogen fuel cells, wind turbines and gas turbines;

[0041] The heat load of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is supplied by gas turbines, hydrogen fuel cells, electric boilers and gas boilers;

[0042] The hydrogen load of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is supplied through electric hydrogen production equipment and methane cracking equipment;

[0043] The energy storage equipment of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system includes electricity storage equipment, heat storage equipment and hydrogen storage equipment.

[0044] As a preferred solution for the IES scheduling device based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon willingness, in the energy partitioning module, the mathematical expression of the user's willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy is:

[0045] ;

[0046] ;

[0047] ;

[0048] Where, For very willing users; For more willing users; For neutral users; For the more reluctant users; For completely unwilling users; is the user willingness distribution matrix after the kth iteration; The willingness of individual users to purchase zero-carbon energy.

[0049] As a preferred solution for the IES scheduling device based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intentions, in the energy division module, the mathematical model expression for dividing the energy supplied to the load side by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system into the zero-carbon electric energy, the zero-carbon thermal energy, the ordinary electric energy, and the ordinary thermal energy is as follows:

[0050] ;

[0051] Where, and They are System electrical load and thermal load during each period; and They are Zero-carbon electricity and zero-carbon heat produced by the time-slot system; for The volume of natural gas consumed by the gas turbine during the period; for The volume of natural gas consumed by gas boilers during the period; for The main network electricity purchase amount during the period; is the electricity conversion efficiency of the gas turbine; is the heat conversion efficiency of the gas turbine, is the heat conversion efficiency of the gas boiler.

[0052] As a preferred solution for the IES dispatch device based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intentions, in the low-carbon economic dispatch model and constraint condition building module, the objective function of the low-carbon economic dispatch model is:

[0053] ;

[0054] Where, is the total cost of system operation; Cost of purchasing electricity for the main grid; Equipment operation and maintenance costs; is the tiered carbon trading cost, is the cost of the carbon tax, For green certificate income, Penalty costs for wind curtailment, Additional benefits for zero-carbon energy;

[0055] The constraints include: wind power generation constraints, coupling constraints, power balance constraints and energy storage constraints.

[0056] The present invention has the following advantages: the present invention constructs a mathematical model for producing turquoise hydrogen based on a methane cracking hydrogen production method for producing turquoise hydrogen; constructs a hydrogen-containing integrated energy system model by introducing a coordinated hydrogen production method that takes into account green hydrogen and turquoise hydrogen; according to the user's willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy, the carbon footprint of the energy supplied by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system in a set time period is analyzed, and the energy supplied to the load side by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is divided into zero-carbon electricity, zero-carbon thermal energy, ordinary electricity and ordinary thermal energy; by setting an additional price coefficient for the zero-carbon energy, additional benefits from the zero-carbon energy are obtained; according to the set objective function, a low-carbon economic scheduling model and constraints are constructed; the set parameter data is input into the low-carbon economic scheduling model; and the low-carbon economic scheduling model is used to process and output a scheduling strategy for the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system. The present invention takes into account the high power consumption of the system for producing green hydrogen. In order to meet the hydrogen load at the peak of the system's electrical load, the output of the gas unit needs to be increased, resulting in a significant increase in the system's carbon emissions. By introducing turquoise hydrogen production equipment, the production of turquoise hydrogen at the peak of the electrical load is increased, and the power supply pressure of the system at the peak of the electrical load is reduced, thereby achieving economical, environmentally friendly, safe and reliable operation of the system. It has the advantages of clear physical meaning, scientific and reasonable methods, strong applicability, and reasonable and effective scheduling strategies. The present invention introduces turquoise hydrogen into the integrated energy system and constructs a mathematical model for the production of turquoise hydrogen by a methane cracking device. By adjusting the output of the green hydrogen production equipment and the turquoise hydrogen production equipment at different time periods, the system reduces the electrical energy consumed in producing hydrogen at the peak of the electrical load on the basis of meeting the hydrogen load, thereby reducing the system's carbon emissions. At the same time, the energy supplied by the system to the load side is divided into zero-carbon energy and ordinary energy, taking into account the influence of the user's low-carbon intention. By adjusting the price difference between zero-carbon energy and ordinary energy, the total operating cost of the system is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can, without inventive effort, derive other implementation drawings based on the provided drawings.

[0058] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are intended solely to complement the contents disclosed herein and to facilitate understanding and reading by persons skilled in the art. They are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention may be implemented and therefore have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modifications, changes in proportions, or adjustments in sizes, without affecting the efficacy and objectives of the present invention, shall remain within the scope of the technical contents disclosed herein.

[0059] Figure 1This is a flow chart of the IES scheduling method based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intentions provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated energy system framework in the IES scheduling method based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intentions provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the turquoise hydrogen production equipment in the IES scheduling method based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intentions provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of users' willingness to pay for zero-carbon energy in the IES scheduling method based on coordinated hydrogen production and low-carbon willingness provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of changes in user willingness to pay in the IES scheduling method based on coordinated hydrogen production and low-carbon willingness provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a user's willingness to pay for zero-carbon energy in the IES scheduling method based on coordinated hydrogen production and low-carbon willingness provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the electrical power of the equipment in Scheme 1 of a possible embodiment provided in Example 1 of the present invention, wherein E1MT is the output of the gas turbine, P1buy is the amount of electricity purchased by the system from the main grid, WT is the wind power output, E1SSD is the energy released by the energy storage device, E1HFC is the output of the hydrogen fuel cell, E1EL is the energy consumption of the electrolyzer, E1EB is the energy consumption of the electric boiler, E1SSC is the energy charging of the energy storage device, ELoad is the electrical load, and E1MP is the energy consumption of the methane cracking device;

[0066] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of thermal power of equipment in Scheme 1 of a possible embodiment provided in Example 1 of the present invention; wherein H1MT is the gas turbine output, H1SSD is the energy discharge of the heat storage device, H1HFC is the hydrogen fuel cell output, H1EB is the electric boiler output, H1GB is the gas boiler output, H1SSC is the energy charge of the heat storage device, and HLoad is the heat load;

[0067] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of gas power of equipment in Option 1 of a possible embodiment provided in Example 1 of the present invention; wherein G1buy is the gas purchase volume of the system, G1MT is the gas consumption of the gas turbine, and G1GB is the gas consumption of the gas boiler;

[0068] Figure 10Schematic diagram of hydrogen power of scheme 1 equipment in a possible embodiment provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention; wherein, H21EL represents hydrogen production by water electrolysis, H21SSD represents energy release of the hydrogen storage device, H21MP represents hydrogen production by methane cracking, H21MT represents hydrogen consumption by the gas turbine, H21GB represents hydrogen consumption by the gas boiler, H21SSC represents energy charging of the hydrogen storage device, H2load represents hydrogen load, and H21HFC represents hydrogen consumption by the hydrogen fuel cell;

[0069] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical power of the equipment in Option 2 of a possible embodiment provided in Example 1 of the present invention; wherein, E2MT is the output of the gas turbine, P2buy is the amount of electricity purchased by the system from the main grid, WT is the wind power output, E2SSD is the energy released by the energy storage device, E2HFC is the output of the hydrogen fuel cell, E2EL is the energy consumption of the electrolyzer, E2EB is the energy consumption of the electric boiler, E2SSC is the energy charging of the energy storage device, ELoad is the electrical load, and E2MP is the energy consumption of the methane cracking device;

[0070] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the thermal power of the equipment in Option 2 of a possible embodiment provided in Example 1 of the present invention; wherein H2MT is the gas turbine output, H2SSD is the energy released by the heat storage device, H2HFC is the hydrogen fuel cell output, H2EB is the electric boiler output, H2GB is the gas boiler output, H2SSC is the energy charged by the heat storage device, and HLoad is the heat load;

[0071] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of gas power of equipment in Option 2 of a possible embodiment provided in Example 1 of the present invention; wherein G2buy is the gas purchase volume of the system, G2MT is the gas consumption of the gas turbine, G2GB is the gas consumption of the gas boiler, and G2MP is the gas consumption of methane cracking;

[0072] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of hydrogen power for scheme 2 of a possible embodiment provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention; wherein, H22EL represents hydrogen production by water electrolysis, H22SSD represents energy release of the hydrogen storage device, H22MP represents hydrogen production by methane cracking, H22MT represents hydrogen consumption by the gas turbine, H22GB represents hydrogen consumption by the gas boiler, H22SSC represents energy charging of the hydrogen storage device, H2load represents hydrogen load, and H22HFC represents hydrogen consumption by the hydrogen fuel cell;

[0073] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical power of the equipment in Option 3 of a possible embodiment provided in Example 1 of the present invention; wherein, E3MT is the output of the gas turbine, P3buy is the amount of electricity purchased by the system from the main grid, WT is the wind power output, E3SSD is the energy released by the energy storage device, E3HFC is the output of the hydrogen fuel cell, E3EL is the energy consumption of the electrolyzer, E3EB is the energy consumption of the electric boiler, E3SSC is the energy charging of the energy storage device, ELoad is the electrical load, and E3MP is the energy consumption of the methane cracking device;

[0074] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal power of the equipment in Option 3 of a possible embodiment provided in Example 1 of the present invention; wherein H3MT is the gas turbine output, H3SSD is the energy released by the heat storage device, H3HFC is the hydrogen fuel cell output, H3EB is the electric boiler output, H3GB is the gas boiler output, H3SSC is the energy charged by the heat storage device, and HLoad is the heat load;

[0075] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of gas power of equipment in Option 3 of a possible embodiment provided in Example 1 of the present invention; wherein G3buy is the gas purchase volume of the system, G3MT is the gas consumption of the gas turbine, G3GB is the gas consumption of the gas boiler, and G3MP is the gas consumption of methane cracking;

[0076] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of hydrogen power for scheme 3 of a possible embodiment provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention; wherein, H23EL represents hydrogen production by water electrolysis, H23SSD represents energy release of the hydrogen storage device, H23MP represents hydrogen production by methane cracking, H23MT represents hydrogen consumption by the gas turbine, H23GB represents hydrogen consumption by the gas boiler, H23SSC represents energy charging of the hydrogen storage device, H2load represents hydrogen load, and H23HFC represents hydrogen consumption by the hydrogen fuel cell;

[0077] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of changes in the total cost of system operation in a possible embodiment provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of carbon emission changes in a possible embodiment provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the IES scheduling device architecture based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intentions provided in Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0080] The following describes the implementation of the present invention using specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art will readily understand the other advantages and benefits of the present invention from the disclosure herein. Obviously, the embodiments described are only a portion of the present invention, not all of it. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0081] Example 1

[0082] See also Figure 1 , Example 1 of the present invention provides an IES scheduling method based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intention, comprising the following steps:

[0083] S1. Based on the methane cracking hydrogen production method for producing turquoise hydrogen, a mathematical model for producing turquoise hydrogen is constructed;

[0084] S2. Build a hydrogen-containing integrated energy system model by introducing a coordinated hydrogen production method that takes into account green hydrogen and turquoise hydrogen;

[0085] S3. Based on the user's willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy, the carbon footprint of the energy supplied by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system during a set period is analyzed, and the energy supplied to the load side by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is divided into zero-carbon electricity, zero-carbon thermal energy, ordinary electricity, and ordinary thermal energy; additional revenue from the zero-carbon energy is obtained by setting an additional price coefficient for the zero-carbon energy;

[0086] S4. Construct a low-carbon economic dispatch model and constraints based on the set objective function;

[0087] S5. Input the set parameter data into the low-carbon economic dispatch model; process the data through the low-carbon economic dispatch model and output a hydrogen-containing integrated energy system dispatch strategy.

[0088] In this embodiment, in step S1, a mathematical model for producing turquoise hydrogen is constructed based on a methane cracking hydrogen production method for producing turquoise hydrogen;

[0089] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, turquoise hydrogen is produced by feeding methane into a fluidized bed, where it is thermally cracked under the action of a catalyst to produce solid carbon and hydrogen. The specific reaction equation is as follows:

[0090] ;

[0091] Compared with the production of green hydrogen, the advantage of turquoise hydrogen production is that less electricity is used to produce the same amount of hydrogen, and the production of turquoise hydrogen by methane cracking is an efficient and clean production method that can reduce carbon emissions. The current mainstream methane cracking hydrogen production technologies can be divided into four types: high-temperature thermal cracking, catalytic cracking, plasma cracking and molten metal cracking. The present invention uses molten metal cracking to produce turquoise hydrogen. Considering that the temperature of the molten metal cracking method needs to reach above 800°C, the temperature conditions required for methane cracking are provided by electric heating at the fluidized bed equipment. The relevant mathematical model is as follows:

[0092] ;

[0093] Where, for The volume of turquoise hydrogen produced by methane cracking during the period; for The volume of natural gas consumed by the Turquoise Hydrogen Production Equipment during the period; for The electricity consumed by the turquoise hydrogen production equipment during the period; for The amount of electricity consumed to produce unit volume of turquoise hydrogen during a certain period of time; for The mass of carbon produced by methane cracking reaction during the period; The efficiency of converting methane to carbon; The efficiency of methane conversion to hydrogen; and The upper and lower limits of hydrogen production by the methane cracking equipment at any time period; is the lower calorific value of carbon; The lower heating value of methane.

[0094] In this embodiment, in step S2, a hydrogen-containing integrated energy system model is constructed by introducing a coordinated hydrogen production method that takes into account green hydrogen and turquoise hydrogen;

[0095] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, in the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system model, the electric load of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is supplied by power purchase from the grid, hydrogen fuel cells, wind turbines and gas turbines;

[0096] The heat load of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is supplied by gas turbines, hydrogen fuel cells, electric boilers and gas boilers;

[0097] The hydrogen load of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is supplied through electric hydrogen production equipment and methane cracking equipment;

[0098] The energy storage equipment of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system includes electricity storage equipment, heat storage equipment and hydrogen storage equipment.

[0099] Among them, the mathematical model of the electrolytic cell is as follows:

[0100] ;

[0101] Where, for The electricity consumed by electrolysis of water during the period; for The volume of hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer during the period; is the efficiency of converting electrical energy into hydrogen energy in the electrolyzer; for The quality of water consumed by the electrolyzer during the period; for The mass of water consumed by the electrolytic cell to produce unit volume of hydrogen during the period; and They are The upper and lower limits of the power injected into the electrolyzer during the time period; It is the lower heating value of hydrogen.

[0102] Among them, electric boiler equipment can convert electrical energy into thermal energy, and its model is as follows:

[0103] ;

[0104] Where, for Electricity consumed by electric boilers during the time period; for Thermal energy produced by period electric boilers; and The upper and lower limits of electric energy consumption of electric boilers in any period of time; The efficiency of electric boiler in converting electrical energy into thermal energy.

[0105] The mathematical model of hydrogen-blended gas turbine is as follows:

[0106] ;

[0107] Where, for The electrical energy output by the gas turbine during the period; for The heat energy output by the gas turbine during the period; for The volume of natural gas consumed by the gas turbine during the period; for The volume of hydrogen consumed by the gas turbine during the period; for The mass of CO2 emitted by the gas turbine during the period; The mass of CO2 emitted per unit volume of natural gas burned by the gas turbine; for Total power output of the gas turbine during the period; is the electricity conversion efficiency of the gas turbine; is the heat energy conversion efficiency of the gas turbine; is the maximum climbing power of the gas turbine; and for The upper and lower limits of the gas turbine output power during the period; and for The upper and lower limits of the gas turbine thermal power output during the period.

[0108] Among them, the mathematical model of hydrogen-blended gas boiler is as follows:

[0109] ;

[0110] Where, for Thermal energy output by gas boiler during the period; for The volume of natural gas consumed by gas boilers during the period; for The volume of hydrogen consumed by the gas boiler during the period; for The quality of CO2 emitted by gas boilers during the period; is the thermal efficiency of the gas boiler; and The upper and lower limits of the ramp power of the gas boiler; and for The upper and lower limits of the thermal power output of the gas boiler during the time period.

[0111] Among them, the mathematical model of hydrogen fuel cell is as follows:

[0112] ;

[0113] Where, for The volume of hydrogen consumed by the hydrogen fuel cell during the period; for The electrical power generated by the hydrogen fuel cell during the period; for Thermal power generated by hydrogen fuel cells during the period; is the electrical efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell; is the thermal efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell; and The upper and lower limits of the hydrogen fuel cell climbing power at any time period; and The upper and lower limits of the volume of hydrogen consumed by the hydrogen fuel cell in any period of time; and The upper and lower limits of the heat-to-electricity ratio of the hydrogen fuel cell at any time period.

[0114] Among them, the relevant mathematical models of energy storage equipment are as follows:

[0115] ;

[0116] Where, for The electrical energy in the electrical storage device at all times; and They are The charging and discharging power of the time-slot heat storage equipment; and They are The charging and discharging power of the heat storage equipment during the time period; and They are The charging and discharging power of hydrogen storage equipment during the period; and are the self-loss coefficients of electricity storage, heat storage and hydrogen storage equipment respectively; and are the energy charging and discharging efficiencies of the energy storage device, respectively; and are the thermal energy charging and discharging efficiencies of the heat storage equipment, respectively; and They are the hydrogen energy charging and discharging efficiency of the hydrogen storage equipment respectively.

[0117] In this embodiment, in step S3, based on the user's willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy, the carbon footprint of the energy supplied by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system during a set period is analyzed, and the energy supplied to the load side by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is divided into zero-carbon electricity, zero-carbon thermal energy, ordinary electricity, and ordinary thermal energy; and an additional price coefficient is set for the zero-carbon energy to obtain additional revenue from the zero-carbon energy.

[0118] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, different users have different attitudes toward zero-carbon energy, and users with different low-carbon aspirations have varying willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy. Extreme low-carbon enthusiasts are often willing to pay a higher price for zero-carbon energy than for conventional energy. Furthermore, users' willingness to pay for zero-carbon electricity is also affected by its price. As the price rises, the number of users willing to actively purchase zero-carbon electricity gradually decreases.

[0119] Users' willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy can also change depending on the decisions of those around them. Those with a high willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy often promote their low-carbon values ​​to those around them, thereby shifting the purchasing bias of those with uncertain purchasing intentions.

[0120] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, considering that at the current zero-carbon energy price, highly willing users will actively promote the option to their neighbors, their influence factor on the surrounding population is set to 2. The influence factor of relatively willing users is set to 1, the influence factor of neutral users is set to 0, the influence factor of relatively unwilling users is set to -1, and the influence factor of completely unwilling users is set to -2. The influence factors of the four users surrounding the neutral user are summed. If the result is greater than 0, the neutral user becomes a relatively willing user; if it is equal to 0, the user remains neutral; and if it is less than 0, the neutral user becomes a relatively unwilling user. This iterative process continues until the user no longer changes. A small number of neutral users may still remain neutral because the sum of the influence factors of their surroundings is 0. Given that statistics show that neutral users are more likely to pay a premium for zero-carbon energy when more than half of the people around them are willing to pay a premium, these neutral users are ultimately converted to users who are relatively willing to pay a premium for zero-carbon electricity.

[0121] The mathematical expression of users' willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy is:

[0122] ;

[0123] ;

[0124] ;

[0125] Where, For very willing users; For more willing users; For neutral users; For the more reluctant users; For completely unwilling users; is the user willingness distribution matrix after the kth iteration; The willingness of individual users to purchase zero-carbon energy.

[0126] ;

[0127] At each iteration, if , then for The four surrounding values ​​are summed. Converted into corresponding user intentions.

[0128] In this embodiment, based on the user's willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy, the carbon footprint of the system's energy supply at different times is analyzed, and the electric energy and thermal energy supplied by the system to the load side are divided into zero-carbon electric energy, zero-carbon thermal energy, ordinary electric energy, and ordinary thermal energy. The relevant mathematical model is as follows:

[0129] ;

[0130] Where, and They are System electrical load and thermal load during each period; and They are Zero-carbon electricity and zero-carbon heat produced by the time-slot system; for The volume of natural gas consumed by the gas turbine during the period; for The volume of natural gas consumed by gas boilers during the period; for The main network electricity purchase amount during the period; is the electricity conversion efficiency of the gas turbine; is the heat conversion efficiency of the gas turbine, is the heat conversion efficiency of the gas boiler.

[0131] The system divides the electricity and heat energy supplied to users in each period into zero-carbon electricity, ordinary electricity, zero-carbon heat, and non-zero-carbon heat. However, considering the impact of price on user willingness to pay, not all zero-carbon electricity and zero-carbon heat energy can be sold at a higher price. It is necessary to consider the proportion of users willing to pay for zero-carbon energy. Therefore, for the pricing of zero-carbon energy, the user's willingness to pay curve for zero-carbon energy is referenced, such as Figure 6 As shown, the load side is divided into the part that can obtain zero-carbon energy benefits and the part that cannot obtain zero-carbon energy according to the corresponding proportion. The relevant constraints are as follows:

[0132] ;

[0133] Where, and They are Obtain additional income from zero-carbon electricity and zero-carbon heat during certain periods; and They are respectively the maximum proportion of energy supplied to the user side by the current zero-carbon electricity under the additional price coefficient of zero-carbon thermal energy that can be sold at the zero-carbon energy price.

[0134] In this embodiment, a tiered carbon trading mechanism, carbon tax and green certificate trading mechanism are combined as a carbon constraint mechanism and introduced into the electricity-heat-hydrogen integrated energy system.

[0135] The actual carbon emission calculation model is as follows:

[0136] ;

[0137] Where, is the actual carbon emissions of the system; Carbon emissions from purchasing electricity from the main grid; is the carbon emissions of the gas turbine; is the carbon emission of gas boiler; and They are the carbon emission coefficients of main grid purchased electricity, gas turbines and gas boilers respectively.

[0138] The main sources of carbon emissions in the system are the following: main grid electricity, gas turbines, and gas boilers. For the calculation of carbon emission quotas for tiered carbon trading, based on the baseline method, the zero-carbon electricity and zero-carbon heat in the electricity and heat energy supplied to the load side are comprehensively considered and converted into carbon emission quotas according to a certain ratio and added to the calculation of the total carbon emission quota. The relevant mathematical model is as follows:

[0139] ;

[0140] Where, is the total carbon emission quota of the system; Carbon emission quota for purchasing electricity from the main grid; Carbon emission allowances for gas turbines; Carbon emission quota for gas boilers; Carbon emission quotas obtained for the production of zero-carbon energy for the system; The carbon emission quota coefficient corresponding to the purchase of electricity from the main grid; is the carbon emission quota coefficient corresponding to the gas turbine; is the carbon emission quota coefficient corresponding to the gas boiler.

[0141] The calculation model for the carbon emission rights trading volume actually participating in the carbon trading market is as follows:

[0142] ;

[0143] Where, The amount of carbon emission rights trading.

[0144] The tiered carbon trading mechanism encourages companies to reduce carbon emissions by setting different carbon emission quotas and imposing tiered fees on excess emissions. Unlike fixed-price carbon trading mechanisms, the tiered carbon trading mechanism is flexible and can be adjusted according to market demand and policy objectives to improve the economic benefits of carbon emission reduction. The tiered carbon trading mechanism model is as follows:

[0145] ;

[0146] Where, It is the base price for carbon trading; is the interval length; is the price growth rate; is the total cost of tiered carbon trading.

[0147] The carbon tax model is as follows:

[0148] ;

[0149] Where, is the total cost of the carbon tax; is the carbon tax coefficient.

[0150] The green certificate trading mechanism model is as follows:

[0151] Green Certificates are short for Renewable Energy Green Electricity Certificates, which are used for renewable energy power consumption accounting and renewable energy power consumption certification. One unit of Green Certificate corresponds to 1,000 kWh of renewable energy power. The specific model of the Green Certificate trading mechanism is as follows:

[0152] ;

[0153] Where, It is the green certificate quota indicator. is the number of green certificates actually obtained by the system, is the green certificate quota coefficient, for The wind power consumed by the system during the period, is the green certificate yield coefficient, Profits from the green certificate trading mechanism.

[0154] In this embodiment, in step S4, a low-carbon economic dispatch model and constraints are constructed according to the set objective function;

[0155] Specifically, the objective function of the low-carbon economic dispatch model is:

[0156] ;

[0157] Where, is the total cost of system operation; Cost of purchasing electricity for the main grid; Equipment operation and maintenance costs; is the tiered carbon trading cost, is the cost of the carbon tax, For green certificate income, Penalty costs for wind curtailment, Additional benefits for zero-carbon energy;

[0158] Among them, the cost of energy purchase as follows:

[0159] ;

[0160] Where, is the electricity purchase price, is the gas purchase price, for The volume of natural gas purchased during the period.

[0161] Equipment operation and maintenance costs as follows:

[0162] ;

[0163] Where, and They are the unit power operation and maintenance costs of gas turbines, gas boilers, hydrogen fuel cells, electric boilers and methane cracking equipment, is the price per kilogram of water, The price per kilogram of carbon.

[0164] Additional benefits of zero-carbon energy as follows:

[0165] ;

[0166] Where, and are the additional price coefficients for zero-carbon electricity and zero-carbon heat respectively.

[0167] Wind curtailment penalty costs as follows:

[0168] ;

[0169] Where, For wind power prediction, is the wind power actually used by the system, is the unit wind curtailment penalty coefficient.

[0170] In this embodiment, the constraints include: wind power generation constraints, coupling constraints, power balance constraints, and energy storage constraints.

[0171] The electric power balance is as follows:

[0172] ;

[0173] Where, for The wind power used during the period, for The electrical load of the system during the period.

[0174] The thermal power balance is as follows:

[0175] ;

[0176] Where, for The heat load of the system during the period.

[0177] The gas power balance is as follows:

[0178] ;

[0179] Where, for The volume of natural gas purchased by the system during the period; for The volume of natural gas consumed in producing turquoise hydrogen during a given period; for The volume of natural gas consumed by the gas turbine during the period; for The volume of natural gas consumed by gas boilers during the period.

[0180] The hydrogen power balance is as follows:

[0181] ;

[0182] Where, for The volume of hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer during the period; for The volume of hydrogen produced by the methane cracking equipment during the period; for The volume of hydrogen released by the hydrogen storage equipment during the period; for The volume of hydrogen consumed by the hydrogen fuel cell during the period; for The volume of hydrogen consumed by the gas turbine during the period; for The volume of hydrogen consumed by the gas boiler during the period; for The volume of hydrogen injected into the hydrogen storage equipment during a period of time; for The hydrogen load of the system during the period.

[0183] In this embodiment, the low-carbon economic dispatch model is solved using MATLAB software and the CPLEX solver.

[0184] In this embodiment, in step S5, the set parameter data is input into the low-carbon economic dispatch model; the low-carbon economic dispatch model processes the data and outputs a dispatch strategy for the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system.

[0185] Specifically, the forecast data of wind power and load; the correlation coefficients and operation and maintenance costs of energy storage equipment, gas turbines and other equipment are input into the low-carbon economic scheduling model; and the data is processed through the low-carbon economic scheduling model to obtain the optimal output curve and operation strategy of each equipment and unit in the system, and the changes in the total operating cost and carbon emissions of the system caused by the additional price of zero-carbon energy are analyzed.

[0186] In a possible embodiment, a verification example is provided as follows:

[0187] In order to verify the impact of the coordination of hydrogen production methods and users' low-carbon willingness on the system's economy and low-carbon performance, three scenarios were set up to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model, and the impact of different zero-carbon energy additional price coefficients on the system's total operating cost and carbon emissions was analyzed.

[0188] Option 1: Optimal scheduling of the electricity-heat-hydrogen integrated energy system without considering the equipment for turquoise hydrogen production;

[0189] Option 2: Optimal scheduling of the electricity-heat-hydrogen integrated energy system considering turquoise hydrogen production;

[0190] Option 3: Optimal scheduling of the electricity-heat-hydrogen integrated energy system considering turquoise hydrogen production and users' low-carbon willingness.

[0191] The comparison of the scheduling results of the three schemes is shown in Table 1:

[0192] Table 1 Comparison of scheduling results of Schemes 1-3

[0193]

[0194] As can be seen from Table 1, after the introduction of turquoise hydrogen production equipment, the total operating cost of the system in Scheme 2 was reduced by 1,496.89 yuan, the energy purchase cost was reduced by 400.07 yuan, and the carbon constraint cost was reduced by 865.12 yuan compared with Scheme 1. Figure 7 and Figure 11 It can be seen that this is because the production of green hydrogen in Plan 1 consumes more electricity. From 7 to 21, wind power can hardly meet the system's electrical load demand, and the system can only maintain stable operation by purchasing natural gas and generating electricity through gas turbines. In Plan 2, after the turquoise hydrogen production equipment is introduced, during the 0-4 period, considering that wind power is relatively abundant, the system mainly produces green hydrogen to meet the system's hydrogen load demand. From 5 to 21, considering that wind power is difficult to meet the system's needs at this time, the turquoise hydrogen production equipment starts to operate. Compared with green hydrogen, the system consumes significantly less electricity per unit mass of turquoise hydrogen than green hydrogen. Therefore, in Plan 2, the power generation of the gas turbine is significantly less than that of Plan 1 during the 10-21 period. However, since the production of turquoise hydrogen requires the consumption of natural gas, Figure 9 and Figure 13 It can be seen that the total amount of natural gas consumed in Plan 2 during this period is not significantly reduced compared to Plan 1, but the natural gas consumed by the gas boiler and gas turbine in Plan 2 during the 10-12 period is significantly higher than that in Plan 1. In addition, the power of the electric boiler in Plan 2 during the 10-12 period is significantly higher than that in Plan 1. This is also because the production of turquoise hydrogen consumes less electricity, so the system can convert more electricity into heat energy through the electric boiler and supply it to users. Figure 8 and Figure 12 It can be seen that after the introduction of the turquoise hydrogen production equipment, the thermal energy stored in the system during the 1-4 and 17-20 periods has been significantly reduced. This is because the turquoise hydrogen equipment consumes less electricity to produce hydrogen, effectively reducing the power supply pressure of the system during peak loads. The system reduces the output of the gas turbine and increases the output of the gas boiler. Figure 10 and Figure 14It can be seen that Option 2 stores less hydrogen in Period 1 than Option 1. This is because Option 2, by taking into account the production of turquoise hydrogen, effectively reduces the problem of high electricity consumption during peak load periods for hydrogen production. Therefore, more wind energy can be converted into thermal energy in Period 1, meeting the system's heat load requirements while reducing carbon emissions from gas boiler heating. A comparison of Options 1 and 2 shows that the introduction of turquoise hydrogen production equipment into an integrated energy system can effectively reduce system carbon emissions and total operating costs while meeting hydrogen load requirements.

[0195] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with Scheme 2, Scheme 3 reduces the total operating cost of the system by 3366.07 yuan and the total carbon emissions by 6.91 kg after taking into account the user's low-carbon willingness. Figure 11 and Figure 15 It can be seen that the system slightly reduces the use of gas equipment during peak load periods, increases the output of power storage equipment during peak load periods, and reduces the proportion of zero-carbon electricity supplied to users during peak load periods. Figure 12 and Figure 16 It can be seen that the system mainly adjusted the output period of the heat storage equipment. In the 1-3 period, considering that the zero-carbon thermal energy supplied by the system to the load side exceeded the user's demand for zero-carbon thermal energy during this period, part of the zero-carbon thermal energy could not be profited, so it was considered to charge the heat storage equipment during this period, and at the same time increase the output of the gas boiler to meet the system's thermal load demand. In the 13-14, 16 and 18-19 periods, the zero-carbon thermal energy supplied by the system to the load side has not yet exceeded the total amount of zero-carbon thermal energy that users are willing to purchase. Therefore, the system reduced the thermal storage power of the thermal storage equipment in the 13-14 and 18 periods, reduced the heat release power of the thermal storage equipment in the 17 period, and increased the heat release power of the thermal storage equipment in the 18-19 period, making full use of the user's willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy and further reducing the operating cost of the system. Comparison Figure 13 and Figure 17 It can be seen that in order to take advantage of users' willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy to reduce the system's operating costs, the system slightly adjusts the natural gas purchased from the main grid at each time period, thereby adjusting the proportion of zero-carbon energy in the energy supplied to users at each stage, thereby maximizing the benefits of zero-carbon energy. Figure 14 and Figure 18 It can be seen that the system reduces the input power of the energy storage equipment in period 1, increases the hydrogen content of the gas boiler in periods 1-3, and increases the proportion of zero-carbon thermal energy supplied to the user side by the system in periods 1-3, thereby obtaining more zero-carbon energy benefits.

[0196] Regarding the relationship between the additional price coefficient of zero-carbon energy and the total system operation cost and carbon emissions, Figure 19 and 20 As shown. Figure 19 As can be seen, the system's total operating cost is as low as 12,092.96 yuan. When the zero-carbon heat price premium coefficient is fixed, the system's total operating cost shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing as the zero-carbon electricity price premium coefficient increases. Ignoring the impact of the zero-carbon heat price premium, the system's total operating cost is lowest when the zero-carbon electricity price premium coefficient is between 0.25 and 0.375. This is because the zero-carbon energy price premium is correlated with the price of conventional energy. The system uses time-of-use electricity pricing. During peak load periods, the price of conventional electricity is significantly higher than during valley load periods. The profit from selling the same amount of zero-carbon electricity during peak load periods is significantly higher than during valley load periods. Therefore, when the zero-carbon electricity price premium coefficient initially increases, although the supply of nighttime zero-carbon electricity exceeds the amount users are willing to pay for it, and the system loses some of the profit it would have earned from nighttime zero-carbon electricity, the profit from supplying zero-carbon electricity during peak load periods increases. Overall, the system's total profit from zero-carbon electricity is higher. However, when the additional price coefficient for zero-carbon electricity exceeds 0.375, the total operating cost of the system increases. This is because as the additional price coefficient rises, the number of users willing to pay extra for zero-carbon electricity during peak load periods gradually decreases. When the additional price coefficient for zero-carbon electricity exceeds 0.375, the zero-carbon electricity provided by the system during peak load periods exceeds the zero-carbon electricity capacity that users are willing to purchase. At this time, some zero-carbon electricity cannot generate revenue, resulting in an increase in system operating costs.

[0197] When the system's zero-carbon electricity price coefficient is constant, the total system operating cost increases with the increase in the zero-carbon heat price coefficient. This is because wind power resources are relatively abundant at night, and zero-carbon electricity can be converted into zero-carbon heat through electric boilers and supplied to users. In addition, the user-side heat load is higher at night. The increase in the zero-carbon heat price coefficient will lead to a decrease in the zero-carbon heat capacity that users are willing to purchase, resulting in a decrease in the zero-carbon heat revenue provided at night, which in turn leads to a decrease in the total system operating cost. In addition, since the heat load is lower during the day and the heat load is mainly supplied by gas equipment, less zero-carbon heat can be provided. Therefore, changes in the zero-carbon heat price coefficient have little impact on the profit obtained by the system from supplying zero-carbon heat during the day.

[0198] against Figure 20It can be seen that the system's carbon emissions are as low as 1586.03 kg. The system's carbon emissions are less affected by changes in the zero-carbon energy additional price coefficient. Only when the zero-carbon electricity additional price coefficient changes in the range of 0.1-0.375, the system's carbon emissions change significantly. When the system's zero-carbon electricity additional price coefficient is 0.15 and the zero-carbon thermal energy additional price coefficient is 0.2, the system's carbon emissions reach the lowest. When the zero-carbon electricity additional price coefficient is 0.15 and the zero-carbon thermal energy additional price coefficient is 0.45, the system's carbon emissions reach the highest. This is because when the zero-carbon electricity additional price coefficient increases from 0 to 0.25, the system converts part of the zero-carbon electricity into zero-carbon thermal energy, reducing the thermal power of the gas boiler at night and reducing the system's carbon emissions. As the premium price coefficient for zero-carbon electricity continues to rise, the system increases the output of gas-fired equipment during peak load periods and normal times to profit from zero-carbon electricity during peak load periods. This increases the amount of zero-carbon energy stored in the energy storage device, which is then released during peak load periods to profit from zero-carbon energy. However, energy storage devices suffer energy losses, and the increased natural gas consumption by gas-fired equipment leads to an increase in the system's carbon emissions. This is also the reason why system carbon emissions increase with the premium price coefficient for zero-carbon thermal energy.

[0199] In summary, the present invention constructs a mathematical model for producing turquoise hydrogen based on the methane cracking hydrogen production method for producing turquoise hydrogen; constructs a hydrogen-containing integrated energy system model by introducing a coordinated hydrogen production method taking into account green hydrogen and turquoise hydrogen; according to the user's willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy, the carbon footprint of the energy supplied by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system in a set time period is analyzed, and the energy supplied to the load side by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is divided into zero-carbon electricity, zero-carbon thermal energy, ordinary electricity and ordinary thermal energy; by setting an additional price coefficient for the zero-carbon energy, the additional benefit of the zero-carbon energy is obtained; according to the set objective function, a low-carbon economic scheduling model and constraints are constructed; the set parameter data is input into the low-carbon economic scheduling model; and the low-carbon economic scheduling model is used to process and output a scheduling strategy for the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system. The present invention takes into account the high power consumption of the system for producing green hydrogen. In order to meet the hydrogen load at the peak of the system's electrical load, the output of the gas unit needs to be increased, resulting in a significant increase in the system's carbon emissions. By introducing turquoise hydrogen production equipment, the production of turquoise hydrogen at the peak of the electrical load is increased, and the power supply pressure of the system at the peak of the electrical load is reduced, thereby achieving economical, environmentally friendly, safe and reliable operation of the system. It has the advantages of clear physical meaning, scientific and reasonable methods, strong applicability, and reasonable and effective scheduling strategies. The present invention introduces turquoise hydrogen into the integrated energy system and constructs a mathematical model for the production of turquoise hydrogen by a methane cracking device. By adjusting the output of the green hydrogen production equipment and the turquoise hydrogen production equipment at different time periods, the system reduces the electrical energy consumed in producing hydrogen at the peak of the electrical load on the basis of meeting the hydrogen load, thereby reducing the system's carbon emissions. At the same time, the energy supplied by the system to the load side is divided into zero-carbon energy and ordinary energy, taking into account the influence of the user's low-carbon intention. By adjusting the price difference between zero-carbon energy and ordinary energy, the total operating cost of the system is reduced.

[0200] It should be noted that the method of the embodiments of the present disclosure can be performed by a single device, such as a computer or server. The method of the embodiments of the present disclosure can also be applied in a distributed scenario, where multiple devices cooperate to perform the method. In such a distributed scenario, one of the multiple devices may only perform one or more steps of the method of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and the multiple devices will interact with each other to complete the method.

[0201] It should be noted that the above description is of some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some cases, the actions or steps described can be performed in a different order than those in the above embodiments and still achieve the desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or sequential order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0202] Example 2

[0203] See also Figure 21 , Embodiment 2 of the present invention also provides an IES scheduling device based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intentions, including:

[0204] Turquoise hydrogen production mathematical model construction module 001, used to construct a turquoise hydrogen production mathematical model based on the methane cracking hydrogen production method for producing turquoise hydrogen;

[0205] A hydrogen-containing integrated energy system model construction module 002 is used to construct a hydrogen-containing integrated energy system model by introducing a coordinated hydrogen production method that takes into account green hydrogen and turquoise hydrogen;

[0206] Energy classification module 003 is used to analyze the carbon footprint of the energy supplied by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system to the load side according to the user's willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy during a set period of time, and classify the energy supplied by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system to the load side into zero-carbon electricity, zero-carbon thermal energy, ordinary electricity, and ordinary thermal energy; and obtain additional revenue from the zero-carbon energy by setting an additional price coefficient for the zero-carbon energy;

[0207] Low-carbon economic dispatch model and constraint condition construction module 004, used to construct a low-carbon economic dispatch model and constraint conditions according to the set objective function;

[0208] The scheduling strategy output module 005 is used to input the set parameter data into the low-carbon economic scheduling model; process it through the low-carbon economic scheduling model, and output the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system scheduling strategy.

[0209] In this embodiment, in the turquoise hydrogen production mathematical model construction module 001, the expression of the turquoise hydrogen production mathematical model is:

[0210] ;

[0211] Where, for The volume of turquoise hydrogen produced by methane cracking during the period; for The volume of natural gas consumed by the Turquoise Hydrogen Production Equipment during the period; for The electricity consumed by the turquoise hydrogen production equipment during the period; for The amount of electricity consumed to produce unit volume of turquoise hydrogen during a certain period of time; for The mass of carbon produced by methane cracking reaction during the period; The efficiency of converting methane to carbon; The efficiency of methane conversion to hydrogen; and The upper and lower limits of hydrogen production by the methane cracking equipment at any time period; is the lower calorific value of carbon; The lower heating value of methane.

[0212] In this embodiment, in the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system model construction module 002, in the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system model, the electric load of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is supplied by power purchase from the grid, hydrogen fuel cells, wind turbines, and gas turbines;

[0213] The heat load of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is supplied by gas turbines, hydrogen fuel cells, electric boilers and gas boilers;

[0214] The hydrogen load of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is supplied through electric hydrogen production equipment and methane cracking equipment;

[0215] The energy storage equipment of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system includes electricity storage equipment, heat storage equipment and hydrogen storage equipment.

[0216] In this embodiment, in the energy classification module 003, the mathematical expression of the user's willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy is:

[0217] ;

[0218] ;

[0219] ;

[0220] Where, For very willing users; For more willing users; For neutral users; For the more reluctant users; For completely unwilling users; is the user willingness distribution matrix after the kth iteration; The willingness of individual users to purchase zero-carbon energy.

[0221] In this embodiment, in the energy division module 003, the mathematical model expression for dividing the energy supplied by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system to the load side into the zero-carbon electric energy, the zero-carbon thermal energy, the ordinary electric energy, and the ordinary thermal energy is:

[0222] ;

[0223] Where, and They are System electrical load and thermal load during each period; and They are Zero-carbon electricity and zero-carbon heat produced by the time-slot system; for The volume of natural gas consumed by the gas turbine during the period; for The volume of natural gas consumed by gas boilers during the period; for The main network electricity purchase amount during the period; is the electricity conversion efficiency of the gas turbine; is the heat conversion efficiency of the gas turbine, is the heat conversion efficiency of the gas boiler.

[0224] In this embodiment, in the low-carbon economic dispatch model and constraint condition construction module 004, the objective function of the low-carbon economic dispatch model is:

[0225] ;

[0226] Where, is the total cost of system operation; Cost of purchasing electricity for the main grid; Equipment operation and maintenance costs; is the tiered carbon trading cost, is the cost of the carbon tax, For green certificate income, Penalty costs for wind curtailment, Additional benefits for zero-carbon energy;

[0227] The constraints include: wind power generation constraints, coupling constraints, power balance constraints and energy storage constraints.

[0228] It should be noted that the information interaction, execution process, etc. between the modules of the above-mentioned system are based on the same concept as the method embodiment in Example 1 of the present application, and the technical effects they bring are the same as those of the method embodiment of the present application. For specific contents, please refer to the description in the method embodiment shown above in the present application, and no further details will be given here.

[0229] Example 3

[0230] Example 3 of the present invention provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, in which the program code of the IES scheduling method based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intention is stored. The program code includes instructions for executing Example 1 or any possible implementation thereof.

[0231] Computer-readable storage media can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media. The available media can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state drives (SSDs)).

[0232] Example 4

[0233] Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides an electronic device, including: a memory and a processor;

[0234] The processor and the memory communicate with each other via a bus; the memory stores program instructions that can be executed by the processor, and the processor calls the program instructions to execute the IES scheduling method based on coordinated hydrogen production and low-carbon intentions of Example 1 or any possible implementation thereof.

[0235] Specifically, the processor can be implemented by hardware or by software. When implemented by hardware, the processor can be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, etc.; when implemented by software, the processor can be a general-purpose processor, which is implemented by reading software code stored in a memory. The memory can be integrated into the processor or located outside the processor and exist independently.

[0236] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present invention is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable systems. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from a website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode.

[0237] Obviously, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented using a general-purpose computing system. They can be centralized on a single computing system or distributed across a network of multiple computing systems. Alternatively, they can be implemented using program code executable by a computing system, and thus, they can be stored in a storage system and executed by the computing system. In some cases, the steps shown or described herein can be performed in a different order than that shown, or they can be fabricated into separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0238] Although the present invention has been described in detail above using general descriptions and specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements may be made thereto. Therefore, such modifications and improvements, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, are intended to be within the scope of protection claimed herein.

Claims

1. The IES scheduling method based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intention is characterized by: include: According to the methane cracking hydrogen production method for producing turquoise hydrogen, a mathematical model for producing turquoise hydrogen is constructed; the expression of the mathematical model for producing turquoise hydrogen is: Where, is the volume of turquoise hydrogen produced by cracking methane during period t; is the volume of natural gas consumed by the turquoise hydrogen production equipment during period t; P MP (t) is the electric energy consumed by the turquoise hydrogen production equipment during period t; β MP is the electrical energy consumed to produce unit volume of turquoise hydrogen in time period t; m C (t) is the mass of carbon generated by the methane cracking reaction during time t; η C The efficiency of converting methane to carbon; η H The efficiency of methane conversion to hydrogen; and The upper and lower limits of hydrogen production by the methane cracking equipment in any period of time; q C is the lower calorific value of carbon; is the lower calorific value of hydrogen; is the lower heating value of methane; By introducing a coordinated hydrogen production method that takes into account green hydrogen and turquoise hydrogen, a hydrogen-containing integrated energy system model is constructed; By analyzing the carbon footprint of the energy supplied by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system during a set period, the energy supplied to the load side by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is divided into zero-carbon electricity, zero-carbon thermal energy, ordinary electricity, and ordinary thermal energy. Based on the users' willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy, the load side is divided into a part that obtains zero-carbon energy benefits and a part that cannot obtain zero-carbon energy benefits according to the proportion of users on the user side willing to pay for zero-carbon energy. The constraints are as follows: Where, P ex,e (t) and P ex,h (t) are the zero-carbon electricity and zero-carbon heat energy that generate additional revenue in period t; η e and η h The maximum proportion of zero-carbon electricity and zero-carbon heat supplied to the user side at the current additional price coefficient sold at the zero-carbon energy price; by setting the additional price coefficient for the zero-carbon energy, the additional revenue of the zero-carbon energy is obtained; According to the set objective function, a low-carbon economic dispatch model and constraints are constructed; Inputting the set parameter data into the low-carbon economic dispatch model; processing the data through the low-carbon economic dispatch model to output a hydrogen-containing integrated energy system dispatch strategy; The mathematical model expression for dividing the energy supplied by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system to the load side into the zero-carbon electric energy, the zero-carbon thermal energy, the ordinary electric energy, and the ordinary thermal energy is: Where, P load,e (t) and P load,h (t) are the system electrical load and thermal load during period t; P zero,e (t) and P zero,h (t) are the zero-carbon electricity and zero-carbon heat generated by the system during period t; is the volume of natural gas consumed by the gas turbine during period t; P is the volume of natural gas consumed by the gas boiler during period t; buy,E (t) is the electricity purchased from the main network during period t; η MT,E is the electricity conversion efficiency of the gas turbine; η MT,H is the heat conversion efficiency of the gas turbine, η GB,H is the heat conversion efficiency of the gas boiler; The objective function of the low-carbon economic dispatch model is: F=F buy +F om +F CET +F tax -F GCT +F wp -F z Where, F is the total cost of system operation; F buy The cost of purchasing electricity from the main grid; F om F is the equipment operation and maintenance cost; CET is the tiered carbon trading cost, F tax is the carbon tax cost, F GCT is the green certificate income, F wp F is the penalty cost for wind curtailment, z Additional benefits for zero-carbon energy; The constraints include: wind power generation constraints, coupling constraints, power balance constraints and energy storage constraints.

2. The IES scheduling method based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intention according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system model, the electrical load of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is supplied by electricity purchased from the grid, hydrogen fuel cells, wind turbines, and gas turbines. The heat load of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is supplied by gas turbines, hydrogen fuel cells, electric boilers and gas boilers; The hydrogen load of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is supplied through electric hydrogen production equipment and methane cracking equipment; The energy storage equipment of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system includes electricity storage equipment, heat storage equipment and hydrogen storage equipment.

3. The IES scheduling method based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intention according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The mathematical expression of users' willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy is: w ij ∈{u vw ,u fw ,u dn ,u nvw ,u nw } Where u vw For very willing users; fw For users who are more willing; dn For neutral users; u nvw For users who are less willing to do so; nw For users who are completely unwilling; k is the user willingness distribution matrix after the kth iteration; w ij The willingness of individual users to purchase zero-carbon energy.

4. An IES scheduling device based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intentions adopts the IES scheduling method based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intentions according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: include: A module for constructing a mathematical model for producing turquoise hydrogen, which is used to construct a mathematical model for producing turquoise hydrogen based on a methane cracking hydrogen production method; A hydrogen-containing integrated energy system model construction module, which is used to construct a hydrogen-containing integrated energy system model by introducing a coordinated hydrogen production method that takes into account green hydrogen and turquoise hydrogen; An energy classification module is used to classify the energy supplied by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system to the load side into zero-carbon electricity, zero-carbon thermal energy, ordinary electricity, and ordinary thermal energy based on the user's willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy by analyzing the carbon footprint of the energy supplied by the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system during a set period of time; and to obtain additional revenue from the zero-carbon energy by setting an additional price coefficient for the zero-carbon energy; A low-carbon economic dispatch model and constraint condition construction module, which is used to construct a low-carbon economic dispatch model and constraint conditions according to the set objective function; The scheduling strategy output module is used to input the set parameter data into the low-carbon economic scheduling model; process it through the low-carbon economic scheduling model, and output the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system scheduling strategy.

5. The IES scheduling device based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intention according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In the mathematical model construction module for producing turquoise hydrogen, the expression of the mathematical model for producing turquoise hydrogen is: Where, is the volume of turquoise hydrogen produced by cracking methane during period t; is the volume of natural gas consumed by the turquoise hydrogen production equipment during period t; P MP (t) is the electric energy consumed by the turquoise hydrogen production equipment during period t; β MP is the electrical energy consumed to produce unit volume of turquoise hydrogen in time period t; m C (t) is the mass of carbon generated by the methane cracking reaction during time t; η C The efficiency of converting methane to carbon; η H The efficiency of methane conversion to hydrogen; and The upper and lower limits of hydrogen production by the methane cracking equipment in any period of time; q C is the lower calorific value of carbon; The lower heating value of methane.

6. The IES scheduling device based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intention according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system model construction module, in the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system model, the electric load of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is supplied by power purchase from the grid, hydrogen fuel cells, wind turbines and gas turbines; The heat load of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is supplied by gas turbines, hydrogen fuel cells, electric boilers and gas boilers; The hydrogen load of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system is supplied through electric hydrogen production equipment and methane cracking equipment; The energy storage equipment of the hydrogen-containing integrated energy system includes electricity storage equipment, heat storage equipment and hydrogen storage equipment.

7. The IES scheduling device based on coordinating hydrogen production and low-carbon intention according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In the energy classification module, the mathematical expression of the user's willingness to purchase zero-carbon energy is: w ij ∈{u vw ,u fw ,u dn ,u nvw ,u nw } Where u vw For very willing users; fw For users who are more willing; dn For neutral users; u nvw For users who are less willing to do so; nw For users who are completely unwilling; k is the user willingness distribution matrix after the kth iteration; w ij The willingness of individual users to purchase zero-carbon energy.

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