Air-ground lens antenna and base station

Abstract

The invention discloses an air-ground lens antenna and a base station. Comprising a luneberg lens, multiple layers of oscillator arrays and a feed module, and each layer of oscillator array comprises at least one oscillator; the multi-layer oscillator array is divided into a first oscillator array and a second oscillator array, the first oscillator array comprises at least one layer of oscillator array, and beams are emitted through the Luneberg lens to form beams covering a ground coverage area; the second oscillator array comprises at least one layer of oscillator array and is arranged on the lower side of the first oscillator array, and beams are emitted through the luneberg lens to form beams covering the air coverage area; and the feed module feeds base station information sources with corresponding powers into the first oscillator array and the second oscillator array according to a power distribution strategy, so that the first oscillator array and the second oscillator array transmit wave beams to the ground coverage area and the air coverage area respectively. Ground coverage wave beams and air coverage wave beams are emitted through the Luneberg lens and the multi-layer oscillator array, and three-dimensional and uniform coverage of signals of ground and air coverage areas is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mobile communications, and particularly to an air-ground lens antenna and a base station. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the low-altitude economy is developing rapidly, which not only requires high-quality communication coverage on the ground, but also the communication coverage demand for the low-altitude field, such as unmanned aerial vehicles, is gradually emerging. Early communication technologies mainly focused on the coverage of ground base stations for ground users. With the development of the aviation industry and the unmanned aerial vehicle industry, air-ground coverage technology has become an important research direction in the field of communications.

[0003] In the prior art, a new antenna can be built for air coverage, but there are problems of high cost and low network resource utilization rate. Or, by increasing the transmission power and antenna gain of the ground base station, an attempt can be made to directly cover the targets in the low altitude with side lobes. Although air-ground communication can be achieved to a certain extent, the coverage range and signal quality are limited by the transmission power and antenna performance of the base station, and it is easily affected by obstacles such as terrain and buildings, and effective three-dimensional coverage cannot be achieved. An antenna needs to simultaneously have air and ground beams, replace the original ground coverage antenna, and expand and increase independent adjustable air coverage beams while basically maintaining the original ground network coverage, which has great application prospects. In the prior art, it is implemented by using a plate antenna. The plate antenna has strong directivity, resulting in the problem of uneven signal coverage range, and the independent and flexible adjustment of air and ground beams cannot be achieved. Or, it is implemented by using a hybrid antenna, which requires a large-scale active array plate antenna, has the problem of uneven signal coverage range, and also has problems of high installation and maintenance costs and high energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides an air-ground lens antenna and a base station to utilize the lens antenna to achieve simultaneous air and ground coverage, and at the same time solve the problems of inflexible adjustment of air-ground beams, uneven air-ground signal coverage range, and high energy consumption existing in the prior art.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air-ground lens antenna applied to a base station, including: a Luneburg lens, a multi-layer oscillator array, and a feeding module. The multi-layer oscillator array is divided into a first oscillator array and a second oscillator array, and each layer of the oscillator array includes at least one oscillator; wherein,

[0006] The first oscillator array, including at least one layer of oscillator array, is arranged at the incident end of the Luneburg lens. Each oscillator in the first oscillator array respectively emits a beam to the ground coverage area through the Luneburg lens, forming a first beam covering the ground coverage area;

[0007] The second oscillator array, including at least one layer of oscillator arrays, is disposed at the incident end of the Luneburg lens and is located below the first oscillator array. Each oscillator in the second oscillator array emits a beam through the Luneburg lens to the air coverage area respectively, forming a second beam covering the air coverage area.

[0008] The feeding module is electrically connected to the first oscillator array and the second oscillator array respectively, and is used to obtain a power distribution strategy and feed the base station signal source with corresponding power to the first oscillator array and the second oscillator array according to the power distribution strategy, so that the first oscillator array emits a first beam to the ground coverage area and the second oscillator array emits a second beam to the air coverage area.

[0009] Optionally, the distance between each oscillator in the multi-layer oscillator array and the Luneburg lens is the same and on the same spherical surface, and the center of the spherical surface is concentric with the center of the Luneburg lens.

[0010] Optionally, the first oscillator array includes at least one first array element, and the first array element includes at least one oscillator; the second oscillator array includes at least one second array element, and the second array element includes at least one oscillator.

[0011] Optionally, the air-ground lens antenna further includes a control module and a driving module; the control module is connected to the driving module, receives a remote control instruction, determines first adjustment data based on the remote control instruction, and transmits the first adjustment data to the driving module, where the remote control instruction includes one or more of an excitation adjustment instruction, a power distribution instruction, and a position adjustment instruction; the first adjustment data includes a target array element identifier and array element adjustment data, and the array element adjustment data includes one or more of excitation adjustment data, power adjustment data, and position adjustment data, and the position adjustment data includes adjustment data in the horizontal direction and / or the vertical direction; the driving module receives the first adjustment data, is connected to each layer of oscillator arrays in the multi-layer oscillator array, and drives the corresponding target array element to be adjusted based on the first adjustment data, where the target array element includes at least one first array element and / or at least one second array element.

[0012] Optionally, the air-ground lens antenna further includes a mechanical adjustment device, the mechanical adjustment device is connected to the driving module, and is connected to one or more of the feeding module and each layer of oscillator arrays in the multi-layer oscillator array. The driving module drives the mechanical adjustment device to adjust the corresponding target array element based on the array element adjustment data; the mechanical adjustment device includes at least one operable component, and in response to the operation of at least one operable component, adjusts at least one array element connected to at least one operable component.

[0013] Optionally, the control module includes a parameter configuration sub-module, which is configured to configure signal coverage parameters. The signal coverage parameters include one or more of gain data, elevation angle data, azimuth angle data, vertical coverage height, and horizontal coverage distance.

[0014] Optionally, the air-ground lens antenna further includes an environmental information detection module; the environmental information detection module is configured to detect environmental information around the air-ground lens antenna. The environmental information includes one or more of the installation height of the air-ground lens antenna, azimuth angle detection data, elevation angle of the first beam, and elevation angle of the second beam.

[0015] Optionally, the air-ground lens antenna further includes a strategy adjustment module; the strategy adjustment module is connected to the environmental information detection module for receiving environmental information, and is connected to the control module for receiving signal coverage parameters; and determines corresponding second adjustment data based on the environmental information and the signal coverage parameters, and transmits the second adjustment data to the control module, and controls the corresponding target array element to be adjusted based on the second adjustment data through the control module.

[0016] Optionally, the air-ground lens antenna further includes a port module, which is connected to the control module for data transmission with the control module; the port module includes a plurality of ports, and the plurality of ports include a ground port and an air port. The ground port and the air port are respectively connected to the feeding module, and are respectively connected to the corresponding first oscillator array and the second oscillator array through the feeding module for receiving and transmitting corresponding signals.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, a base station is provided, which includes the air-ground lens antenna according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention provides an air-ground lens antenna, which is applied to a base station. The air-ground lens antenna includes a Luneburg lens, a multi-layer oscillator array, and a feeding module. The multi-layer oscillator array is divided into a first oscillator array and a second oscillator array, and each layer of the oscillator array includes at least one oscillator. Among them, the first oscillator array, including at least one layer of oscillator array, is arranged at the incident end of the Luneburg lens. Each oscillator in the first oscillator array emits a beam to the ground coverage area through the Luneburg lens respectively, forming a first beam covering the ground coverage area, realizing the emission of a beam for ground coverage to the ground coverage area through at least one layer of oscillator array and the Luneburg lens, so as to achieve uniform signal coverage of the ground coverage area. The second oscillator array, including at least one layer of oscillator array, is arranged at the incident end of the Luneburg lens and is located below the first oscillator array. Each oscillator in the second oscillator array emits a beam to the air coverage area through the Luneburg lens respectively, forming a second beam covering the air coverage area, realizing the emission of a beam for air coverage to the air coverage area through at least one layer of oscillator array and the Luneburg lens, so as to achieve uniform signal coverage of the air coverage area. The feeding module is electrically connected to the first oscillator array and the second oscillator array respectively, and is used to obtain a power distribution strategy and feed the base station signal source with corresponding power to the first oscillator array and the second oscillator array according to the power distribution strategy, so that the first oscillator array emits a first beam to the ground coverage area and the second oscillator array emits a second beam to the air coverage area. By feeding the base station signal source with corresponding power to each oscillator array according to the power distribution strategy by the feeding module, the beam pointing and gain of the first beam / second beam are dynamically adjusted, which helps to meet the requirements of complex environments, network scenarios, air coverage at different heights, and ground coverage. Through the air-ground integrated antenna proposed by this solution, in combination with the multi-layer oscillator array and the Luneburg lens, corresponding beams are emitted to the ground coverage area and the air coverage area to achieve simultaneous coverage and uniform three-dimensional coverage of the ground coverage area and the air coverage area. Also, according to the corresponding power distribution strategy, the excitation of each oscillator array is dynamically adjusted, which can enhance the beam directivity to expand the coverage distance and suppress signal interference. Combined with the flexible beam control ability, it can reduce the energy consumption of the base station, extend the equipment life, and improve the coverage uniformity, solve the problems of uneven air-ground signal coverage range and high energy consumption, improve the signal coverage uniformity of the air-ground coverage area, and help to improve the performance, energy efficiency, and stability of the communication system.

[0019] It should be understood that the content described in this part is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it used to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. Description of the Drawings

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an air-ground lens antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of an air-ground lens antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of an air-ground lens antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of an air-ground lens antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of an air-ground lens antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of an air-ground lens antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of an air-ground lens antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of an air-ground lens antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of a base station provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description, claims and above-mentioned drawings of the present invention are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present invention described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0032] Figure 1 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an air-ground lens antenna 100 provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The air-ground lens antenna 100 is applied to a base station. As Figure 1 shown, the air-ground lens antenna 100 includes: a Luneburg lens 101, a multi-layer oscillator array 102, and a feeding module 103. The multi-layer oscillator array 102 is divided into a first oscillator array 1021 and a second oscillator array 1022, and each layer of the oscillator array includes at least one oscillator.

[0033] Among them, the first oscillator array 1021 includes at least one layer of oscillator arrays and is arranged at the incident end of the Luneburg lens 101. Each oscillator in the first oscillator array 1021 emits a beam to the ground coverage area through the Luneburg lens 101 respectively, forming a first beam 1021B covering the ground coverage area; the second oscillator array 1022 includes at least one layer of oscillator arrays, is arranged at the incident end of the Luneburg lens 101 and is located below the first oscillator array 1021. Each oscillator in the second oscillator array emits a beam to the air coverage area through the Luneburg lens 101 respectively, forming a second beam 1022B covering the air coverage area; the feeding module 103 is electrically connected to the first oscillator array 1021 and the second oscillator array 1022 respectively, and feeds the base station signal sources with corresponding powers to the first oscillator array 1021 and the second oscillator array 1022 according to the power distribution strategy, so that the first oscillator array 1021 emits the first beam 1021B to the ground coverage area and the second oscillator array 1022 emits the second beam 1022B to the air coverage area.

[0034] Among them, the Luneburg lens 101 is a dielectric lens with non-uniform refractive index. The distribution of the dielectric refractive index has spherical symmetry, and electromagnetic waves incident from any direction can be converged to a certain point on the spherical surface. By placing a feed source on the spherical surface, a good gain effect can be produced, which can not only achieve directional and fixed-point radiation of signals, but also receive signals transmitted from a specified direction. Preferably, the Luneburg lens 101 can adopt a spherical Luneburg lens to achieve directional and fixed-point radiation and reception of signals. The oscillator specifically refers to the basic unit in the antenna responsible for generating and radiating electromagnetic waves. It can be used to radiate electromagnetic waves, convert the fed high-frequency electrical energy into electromagnetic wave energy and radiate it into space, enabling wireless signals to propagate in the air and realizing functions such as long-distance communication, broadcasting, and radar detection. By reasonably arranging an array antenna formed by multiple oscillators, precise control of the radiation direction of electromagnetic waves can be achieved, enabling the antenna to have a high gain and strong signal radiation ability in a specific direction, while suppressing signal radiation in other directions to meet the requirements of different application scenarios for the directivity of the antenna.

[0035] In this embodiment, a multi-layer oscillator array 102 is adopted. The multi-layer oscillator array 102 specifically refers to an oscillator array obtained by arranging multiple oscillators in a specific hierarchical arrangement manner, which is used to obtain beamforming gains in the horizontal and vertical directions. Among them, the number of oscillators and the specific hierarchical arrangement manner can be determined through simulation or experiments according to the signal coverage requirements. The number of oscillators in each layer of the oscillator array in the multi-layer oscillator array 102 is at least one. The multi-layer oscillator array 102 is divided into a first oscillator array 1021 and a second oscillator array 1022. The first beam 1021B specifically refers to the beam emitted towards the ground coverage area, which can be a single beam or multiple beams. The second beam 1022B specifically refers to the beam emitted towards the air coverage area, which can be a single beam or multiple beams. The ground coverage area refers to the spatial range that can be effectively covered when radiating signals to the ground area, and the air coverage area refers to the spatial range that can be effectively covered when radiating signals to the air area. In this embodiment, the air area specifically refers to the low-altitude area. It should be noted that the distance between each layer of oscillator arrays is adjustable, and the distance between each oscillator can include the distance in the horizontal direction and the distance in the vertical direction, which is used to adjust the width and directivity of the beam emitted by the oscillator. The power distribution strategy specifically refers to the method of reasonably distributing the total transmission power to each oscillator. In this embodiment, it specifically refers to the power distribution strategy corresponding to each layer of oscillator arrays. The power data of the oscillators in each layer of oscillator arrays can be equal, and the power data corresponding to each layer of oscillator arrays can be different, which needs to be adjusted according to the signal coverage requirements. The signal coverage requirements include that one or more of the signal coverage height, signal coverage horizontal distance, and signal gain meet the corresponding preset thresholds. Exemplarily, the power distribution strategy can be determined according to one or more of the signal coverage height, signal coverage horizontal distance, and signal gain, and then the power of each oscillator can be determined through the power distribution strategy. By adjusting the power of different oscillators, the radiation direction of the antenna can form a beam in a specific direction, enhancing or suppressing the radiation in a specific direction to adapt to the requirements of three-dimensional air coverage at different heights.

[0036] In this embodiment, the first oscillator array 1021 includes at least one layer of oscillator arrays, and can be composed of at least one layer of oscillators to form a planar array or a linear array. The formed planar array or linear array is determined as the first oscillator array 1021. The first oscillator array 1021 is arranged at the incident end of the Luneburg lens 101. Each oscillator in the first oscillator array 1021 emits light beams towards the ground coverage area through the Luneburg lens 101 respectively, thereby forming multiple beams covering the ground coverage area. The multiple beams that can cover the ground coverage area are determined as the first beam 1021B.

[0037] In this embodiment, the second oscillator array 1022 includes at least one layer of oscillator arrays, which can be composed of at least one layer of oscillators to form a planar array or a linear array. The formed planar array or linear array is determined as the second oscillator array 1022. The second oscillator array 1022 is disposed at the incident end of the Luneburg lens 101 and is located below the first oscillator array 1021. Each oscillator in the second oscillator array 1022 emits a light beam to the air coverage area through the Luneburg lens 101 respectively, so as to form multiple beams covering the air coverage area. The multiple beams capable of covering the air coverage area are determined as the second beam 1022B. It should be noted that in the case where the second oscillator array 1022 includes multiple layers of oscillator arrays, the number of oscillators in each layer of oscillator arrays in the second oscillator array 1022 decreases sequentially in the order from top to bottom. Preferably, the number of oscillators decreases by 1 each time.

[0038] Optionally, the distance between each oscillator in the multi-layer oscillator array 102 and the Luneburg lens 101 is the same and they are on the same spherical surface, and the center of the spherical surface is concentric with the center of the Luneburg lens 101. This makes the path lengths of the electromagnetic waves emitted from the Luneburg lens 101 to each oscillator equal, so that each oscillator can receive excitation signals with uniform amplitude and phase, which helps to ensure that the electromagnetic waves radiated by the oscillator array are more uniformly distributed in space and improve the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna.

[0039] The feeding module 103 can be specifically understood as an important component for transmitting radio frequency signals to the antenna radiation unit and distributing, controlling, and matching the signals. The antenna radiation unit specifically refers to the oscillators in each layer of oscillator arrays. The feeding module 103 is electrically connected to the first oscillator array 1021 and the second oscillator array 1022 respectively, can receive the power distribution strategy, and determine the input powers corresponding to the first oscillator array 1021 and the second oscillator array 1022 respectively according to the power distribution strategy and the total input power of the feeding module 103, and feed the base station signal sources with corresponding powers to the first oscillator array 1021 and the second oscillator array 1022 respectively according to the input powers corresponding to the first oscillator array 1021 and the second oscillator array 1022, so that the first oscillator array 1021 emits the first beam 1021B to the ground coverage area and the second oscillator array 1022 emits the second beam 1022B to the air coverage area. Exemplarily, in the case where the first oscillator array 1021 includes one layer of oscillator array and the second oscillator array 1022 includes two layers of oscillator arrays, the power distribution strategy determined according to the signal coverage requirement is that the power ratio of each layer of oscillator arrays is 1:3:2, and the total input power of the feeding module 103 is 60w. It can be determined that the power data of each layer of oscillator arrays from top to bottom are 10w, 30w, and 20w respectively.

[0040] Optionally, the first oscillator array includes at least one first array element, and the first array element includes at least one oscillator; the second oscillator array includes at least one second array element, and the second array element includes at least one oscillator.

[0041] Herein, an array element refers to a basic unit that can be operated in electromagnetic wave beamforming, which can be composed of one oscillator or multiple oscillators.

[0042] In this embodiment, the first oscillator array 1021 and the second oscillator array 1022 can be divided according to the actual oscillator radiation requirements to obtain at least one first array element corresponding to the first oscillator array 1021 and at least one second array element corresponding to the second oscillator array 1022. Herein, the first array element includes at least one oscillator, and the second array element includes at least one oscillator. After dividing the first oscillator array 1021 and the second oscillator array 1022, corresponding unique identifiers can be set for each divided array element. When the target array element identifier is recognized in the remote control instruction, the oscillators in the entire array element corresponding to the target array element identifier can be uniformly controlled to be adjusted, without sending adjustment instructions to each individual oscillator one by one to control the adjustment operation, which greatly improves the control efficiency. The physical positions of the array elements are adjustable, and the physical positions can include horizontal positions and vertical positions. Preferably, only the first array element or the second array element can be made physically position-adjustable to reduce the implementation cost.

[0043] Exemplarily, as Figure 2 shown in a partial schematic diagram of an air-ground lens antenna, which adopts a scheme of a three-dimensional feed + Luneburg lens and is composed of 13 oscillators and a spherical Luneburg lens. Herein, the four oscillators A1, A2, A3, and A4 form the first oscillator array, and the two oscillators A1 and A2 form a first array element, and after passing through the lens, beam 1 is formed; the two oscillators A3 and A4 form a first array element, and after passing through the lens, beam 2 is formed, and beam 1 and beam 2 form the first beam 1021. The nine oscillators B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8, and B9 form the second oscillator array, and the oscillators B1, B2, B5, and B8 form a second array element, and after passing through the lens, beam 3 is formed; the oscillators B6, B7, and B9 form a second array element, and after passing through the lens, beam 4 is formed, and beam 3 and beam 4 form the second beam 1022; all the oscillators are on the same spherical surface, and the center of the spherical surface they share is concentric with the center of the Luneburg lens; herein, the first beam 1021B formed by beam 1 and beam 2 is a ground coverage beam to achieve ground signal coverage; the second beam 1022B formed by beam 3 and beam 4 is an airspace coverage beam to achieve air signal coverage.

[0044] Optionally, the air lens antenna 100 further includes a control module 104 and a drive module 105; the control module 104 is connected to the drive module 105, receives a remote control instruction, determines first adjustment data based on the remote control instruction, and transmits the first adjustment data to the drive module 105, where the remote control instruction includes one or more of an excitation adjustment instruction, a power distribution instruction, and a position adjustment instruction; the first adjustment data includes a target element identifier and element adjustment data, and the element adjustment data includes one or more of excitation adjustment data, power adjustment data, and position adjustment data, and the position adjustment data includes adjustment data in the horizontal direction and / or the vertical direction; the drive module receives the first adjustment data, is connected to each layer of the multi-layer oscillator array, and drives the corresponding target element to be adjusted based on the first adjustment data, where the target element includes at least one first element and / or at least one second element.

[0045] Among them, the remote control instruction can be specifically understood as a control instruction sent by a remote device or software, a base station. The content in the remote control instruction includes, but is not limited to, an excitation adjustment instruction, a power distribution instruction, and a position adjustment instruction. By identifying the remote control instruction, the identifier of the target element and the corresponding element adjustment data can be determined. The target element identifier specifically refers to the identifier of the element to be adjusted, and the element matching the target element identifier can be adjusted specifically. The element adjustment data can be specifically understood as a series of parameters for controlling and adjusting the working states of each element in the array antenna, including, but not limited to, excitation adjustment data, power adjustment data, and position adjustment data. The excitation adjustment data specifically refers to the data for controlling the working state of the antenna oscillator, including, but not limited to, amplitude adjustment data and phase adjustment data. The amplitude adjustment data is used to control the amplitude of the excitation signal of each element of the antenna. By changing the amplitude distribution, the shape, main lobe width, side lobe level, beam pointing and other characteristics of the antenna radiation pattern can be adjusted. The phase adjustment data can be used to control the phase of the excitation signal. By precisely controlling the phase difference of each element, the pointing control of the beam in space can be realized, so that the beam can point to a specific direction, thereby realizing directional radiation or reception. The power adjustment data is used to adjust the power of the base station signal source fed into each element. The position adjustment data specifically refers to the data for adjusting the positions of each element in the array antenna in space, including adjustment data in the horizontal direction and / or the vertical direction. It should be noted that the target element can be at least one first element, or at least one second element, or at least one first element and at least one second element. By adjusting each target element, independent and flexible adjustment of the multi-beams in the air coverage area and the multi-beams in the ground coverage area can be realized in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction respectively.

[0046] Among them, the driving module 105 specifically refers to a module used to drive the oscillator for parameter adjustment to achieve efficient adjustment of the antenna. The driving module 105 is connected to each oscillator through a specified driving circuit and signal line. The electrical signal output by the driving module 105 is amplified and converted by the driving circuit and then transmitted to the oscillator, thereby controlling the working state of the oscillator.

[0047] Specifically, as Figure 3 shown in the schematic structural diagram of an air-ground lens antenna, the air-ground lens antenna 100 further includes a control module 104 and a driving module 105. The control module 104 receives remote control instructions, which include but are not limited to excitation adjustment instructions, power distribution instructions, and position adjustment instructions. Then, the remote control instructions are parsed to obtain corresponding parsing results, and one or more of the excitation adjustment instructions, power distribution instructions, and position adjustment instructions in the remote control instructions can be obtained, respectively, corresponding to the target element identifier and element adjustment data, to obtain the first adjustment data. Among them, the element adjustment data includes but is not limited to excitation adjustment data, power adjustment data, and position adjustment data. Then, the first adjustment data is transmitted to the driving module 105. The driving module 105 is connected to each layer of the multi-layer oscillator array. The driving module 105 receives the first adjustment data and can determine the target element to be adjusted according to the target element identifier in the first adjustment data. Among them, the target element can include one or more elements in the first element array, or one or more elements in the second element array, or both one or more elements in the first oscillator array 1021 and one or more elements in the second oscillator array 1022. Then, according to the element adjustment data corresponding to each target element, the driving module 105 drives the target element to be adjusted, and the target element can be excited and adjusted, or the power of the base station signal source fed into each element can be adjusted, or the position of the target element in the horizontal direction and / or vertical direction can be adjusted, so as to accurately control the propagation direction and coverage range of the signal according to actual needs, concentrate the signal on the ground coverage and air coverage areas, enhance the signal strength in a specific direction, thereby optimizing the signal coverage effect and improving the communication quality. It should be noted that the driving module 105 is also connected to the feeding module 103. For adjusting the power of the base station signal source fed into each element, specifically, the driving module 105 drives the feeding module 103 to adjust the excitation fed into the target element based on the excitation adjustment data. Driving the target element to be adjusted according to the element adjustment data by the driving module 105 helps to optimize the overall performance of the antenna system, can form a specific beam pattern, improve the signal gain, and suppress interference.

[0048] Optionally, the air-ground lens antenna further includes a mechanical adjustment device 106. The mechanical adjustment device 106 is connected to the drive module 105 and is connected to one or more of the feed module 103 and each layer of the multi-layer oscillator array 102. The drive module 105 drives the mechanical adjustment device 106 to adjust the corresponding target element based on the element adjustment data. The mechanical adjustment device includes at least one operable component. In response to the operation of the at least one operable component, the at least one element connected to the at least one operable component is adjusted.

[0049] Among them, the mechanical adjustment device 106 specifically refers to a device or system that realizes the adjustment of the oscillator through the coordinated work of mechanical components. It is usually composed of multiple mechanical components. The mechanical components include but are not limited to slide rails and operable screws. The operable screw is slidably installed on the slide rail for mechanical adjustment operations.

[0050] Specifically, as Figure 4 shown in the structural schematic diagram of an air-ground lens antenna, the air-ground lens antenna 100 further includes a mechanical adjustment device 106. The mechanical adjustment device 106 is connected to the drive module 105 and is also connected to the feed module 103. When the drive module 105 receives the first adjustment data, the drive module 105 drives the mechanical adjustment device 106 to adjust the excitation data of the corresponding target element through the feed module 103 based on the element adjustment data. As Figure 5 shown in the structural schematic diagram of an air-ground lens antenna, the mechanical adjustment device 106 is connected to the drive module 105 and is also connected to each layer of the multi-layer oscillator array 102. When the drive module 105 receives the first adjustment data, the drive module 105 drives the mechanical adjustment device 106 to adjust the position of the corresponding target element based on the element adjustment data. As Figure 6Schematic structural diagram of an air-ground lens antenna. The air-ground lens antenna 100 further includes a mechanical adjustment device 106. The mechanical adjustment device 106 is respectively connected to the driving module 105, the feeding module 103, and each layer of the multi-layer oscillator array 102. When the driving module 105 receives the first adjustment data, the driving module 105 drives the mechanical adjustment device 106 to adjust the corresponding target element based on the element adjustment data. Exemplarily, the excitation data acting on the feeding module can be adjusted by the mechanical adjustment device 106 according to the excitation adjustment data in the first adjustment data, so as to adjust the excitation data fed into the target element, and the position of the target element can be adjusted by the mechanical adjustment device 106 according to the position adjustment data in the first adjustment data. The mechanical adjustment device 106 includes at least one operable component. An adjustment operation can be applied to the operable component. In response to the operation on the at least one operable component, at least one element connected to the at least one operable component is adjusted, so as to realize that by operating the operable component in the mechanical adjustment device 106, a triggering operation for adjusting the corresponding target element in the horizontal direction and / or the vertical direction can be performed. Different adjustment operations can drive the corresponding target oscillator to perform corresponding adjustment operations. The adjustment operation includes a triggering operation for adjusting at least one element in the horizontal direction and / or the vertical direction. By mechanically adjusting at least one element in the horizontal direction and / or the vertical direction, the adjustment of the electromagnetic beam waveform and spatial position is realized through mechanical operation.

[0051] Exemplarily, the driving module 105 is connected to each element through the mechanical adjustment device 106. After receiving the element adjustment data, the driving module 105 drives the mechanical adjustment device 106 to change the working state of the corresponding target element. For example, the excitation amplitude and / or excitation phase of the target element can be driven and adjusted to achieve the best coverage of the target range by optimizing the beam pattern; the physical position of the target element in the first element array can also be driven and adjusted. The adjustment of the physical position includes the position in the horizontal direction and / or the position in the vertical direction. The signal coverage of the ground coverage range is optimized by physically adjusting the beam pointing; the physical position of the target element in the second element array can also be driven and adjusted. The adjustment of the physical position includes the position in the horizontal direction and / or the position in the vertical direction. The signal coverage of the low-altitude coverage range is optimized by physically adjusting the beam pointing, realizing the independent and flexible adjustment of the multi-beams in the air coverage area and the multi-beams in the ground coverage area in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction respectively.

[0052] Optionally, the control module 104 includes a parameter configuration sub-module, and the parameter configuration sub-module is used to configure signal coverage parameters. The signal coverage parameters include one or more of gain data, elevation angle data, azimuth angle data, vertical coverage height, and horizontal coverage distance.

[0053] Among them, the vertical coverage height specifically refers to the height of the space range that the signal emitted by the antenna can effectively cover in the vertical direction. Specifically, taking the position of the antenna as the reference, in the vertical upward and downward directions of the signal, its intensity can be maintained above a certain threshold to meet the maximum height range of specific communication or signal transmission requirements. The horizontal coverage distance of the antenna specifically refers to the maximum distance centered on the antenna where the signal can effectively propagate and maintain a certain intensity on the horizontal plane to meet the corresponding communication or signal transmission requirements. The gain data characterizes the quantization index of the ability of the antenna to concentrate on radiating or receiving signals in a specific direction. The higher the antenna gain value, the stronger the radiation or receiving ability of the antenna in its gain direction. The pitch angle data refers to the inclination angle of the antenna beam relative to the horizontal plane, which determines the coverage range and direction of the antenna signal in the vertical direction. For example, when it is necessary to cover signals to higher targets or communicate in areas at different heights, the pitch angle can be adjusted to achieve this. The azimuth angle data refers to the pointing angle of the antenna on the horizontal plane, with the due north direction as the reference, which is used to determine the coverage azimuth of the antenna signal in the horizontal direction. By changing the azimuth angle, the antenna can be aligned with receiving ends or communication targets in different directions, so as to achieve signal coverage in a specific area or precise communication pointing. The pitch angle data and the azimuth angle data work together to accurately control the radiation direction and coverage range of the antenna signal to meet the needs of various communication scenarios and applications. It should be noted that the corresponding signal coverage parameters can be set according to the actual signal coverage requirements. The signal coverage parameters corresponding to various signal coverage requirements can be determined based on test data. Then, in the case of determining the signal coverage requirements, a match can be made in the test data to obtain the signal coverage parameters corresponding to the signal coverage requirements. The configuration information can be input through an external device connected to the air-ground lens antenna. When the parameter configuration module 108 receives new configuration information, the signal coverage parameters are configured according to the new configuration information. It can also receive a remote configuration instruction, parse the remote configuration instruction to obtain the corresponding signal coverage parameters and configure them. There is no limitation here.

[0054] In this embodiment, a parameter configuration sub-module is set in the control module 104. The parameter configuration sub-module receives the configuration instruction input by the user or preset through the system interface, triggers the internal parsing mechanism to perform semantic recognition on the instruction, and determines that the target to be configured is the signal coverage parameter; then, the parameter configuration sub-module calls the parameter verification module to verify the format compliance and logical rationality of the single or combined parameters such as the input gain data, pitch angle data, azimuth angle data, vertical coverage height, and horizontal coverage distance. For example, it checks whether the gain data is within the power range supported by the device, and whether the vertical and horizontal coverage parameters meet the coverage range of the antenna; after the verification passes, the parameter configuration sub-module writes the standardized parameter values into the corresponding register or configuration file.

[0055] Specifically, when it is detected that the parameter configuration sub-module in the control module 104 updates and configures one or more of the gain data, vertical coverage height, and horizontal coverage distance, the newly configured signal coverage parameters can be transmitted to the control module 104, so that the control module 104 determines the corresponding array element adjustment data and / or power distribution strategy according to the received signal coverage parameters. Exemplarily, by invoking the mapping relationship between the signal coverage parameters and the array element adjustment data, the received signal coverage parameters can be matched with the mapping relationship to obtain the array element adjustment data corresponding to the signal coverage parameters, and the array element adjustment data can be transmitted to the driving module 105.

[0056] Optionally, the air-ground lens antenna further includes an environmental information detection module 107; the environmental information detection module 107 is used to detect the environmental information around the air-ground lens antenna 100, where the environmental information includes one or more of the installation height of the air-ground lens antenna 100, azimuth detection data, the elevation angle of the first beam 1021B, and the elevation angle of the second beam 1022B.

[0057] In this embodiment, as Figure 7 shown in the schematic structural diagram of an air-ground lens antenna, the air-ground lens antenna 100 further includes an environmental information detection module 107 for detecting the environmental information around the air-ground lens antenna 100. The environmental information includes but is not limited to the installation height of the air-ground lens antenna 100, azimuth detection data, the elevation angle of the first beam 1021B, and the elevation angle of the second beam 1022B. The installation height of the air-ground lens antenna 100 specifically refers to the vertical distance between the antenna and the ground where its installation position is located, and can be detected by the height detection sensor set in the environmental information detection module 107. The azimuth detection data can be detected by setting an azimuth detection sensor, and the azimuth detection data can be verified to detect in real time whether the azimuth of the antenna meets the signal coverage requirements. The elevation angle can be understood as an angle parameter characterizing the direction of the beam in the vertical direction, specifically referring to the angle between the beam direction and the horizontal plane. It can be set that when the beam points above the horizontal plane, the elevation angle is positive; when it points below the horizontal plane, the elevation angle is negative. For example, when a beam is emitted vertically upward, its elevation angle is +90°, when it is emitted horizontally, the elevation angle is 0°, and when it is emitted vertically downward, it is -90°. The elevation angle detection sensor can be set in the environmental information detection module 107 to detect the elevation angles of the first beam 1021B and the second beam 1022B.

[0058] Optionally, the air-ground lens antenna 100 further includes a policy adjustment module 108; the policy adjustment module 108 is connected to the environment information detection module 107 for receiving environment information, and is connected to the control module 104 for receiving signal coverage parameters; and determines corresponding second adjustment data based on the environment information and the signal coverage parameters, and transmits the second adjustment data to the control module, and controls the corresponding target array element to be adjusted based on the second adjustment data through the control module.

[0059] In this embodiment, as Figure 7 shown in the structural schematic diagram of an air-ground lens antenna, the air-ground lens antenna 100 further includes a policy adjustment module 108; the policy adjustment module 108 is connected to the environment information detection module 107. The environment information detection module 107 can detect environment information in real time or at regular intervals through a timing task, and transmit the detected environment information to the policy adjustment module 108. When the policy adjustment module 108 receives the environment information detected by the environment information detection module 107, it obtains signal coverage parameters, and processes the environment information and the signal coverage parameters through an adjustment data determination algorithm built in the policy adjustment module 108 to obtain corresponding second adjustment data. The second adjustment data includes target array element representation and corresponding array element adjustment data. After obtaining the second adjustment data, the second adjustment data can be transmitted to the control module 104, and the control module controls the corresponding target array element to be adjusted based on the second adjustment data. The specific adjustment process can refer to the process of adjusting the corresponding target array element based on the first adjustment data described above, which will not be elaborated here.

[0060] Specifically, when the policy adjustment module 108 receives the environmental information detected by the environmental information detection module 107, it can obtain the signal coverage parameters. First, it can compare each item in the environmental information with the corresponding item in the signal coverage parameters, calculate the deviation corresponding to each parameter. If the deviation of any parameter exceeds the corresponding preset threshold, it will trigger an adjustment operation on the adjustment data to obtain the corresponding second adjustment data. Exemplarily, a mapping relationship between the deviation of different signal coverage heights and the corresponding power distribution strategy can be preset in advance. When the deviation of the vertical coverage height is obtained, it can be matched according to the deviation of the vertical coverage height and the mapping relationship to obtain the corresponding power distribution strategy. Among them, the power distribution strategy includes the power ratio of each layer of oscillator arrays, and the power data of each layer of oscillator arrays is determined according to the power ratio. Optionally, for the first oscillator array 1021, the power of the upper layer oscillator is less than that of the lower layer oscillator array, that is, the closer the oscillator array is to the second oscillator array 1022, the higher the power. For the second oscillator array 1022, the power of the upper layer oscillator is higher than that of the lower layer oscillator, that is, the closer the oscillator array is to the first oscillator array 1021, the higher the power. Correspondingly, a mapping relationship between the deviation of different horizontal coverage distances and the corresponding power distribution strategy can also be set. When the deviation of the horizontal coverage distance is calculated, it can be matched according to the deviation of the horizontal coverage distance and the mapping relationship to obtain the corresponding power distribution strategy. Correspondingly, a mapping relationship between the deviation of the antenna gain data and the corresponding power distribution strategy can also be set to realize determining the corresponding power distribution strategy according to the deviation of the antenna gain data. It should be noted that the above-set mapping relationship can be set in combination with simulation experiments and tests. If the received signal coverage parameters include multiple items such as vertical coverage height, horizontal coverage distance, and antenna gain data, the corresponding power distribution strategy can be determined by comprehensively considering multiple data, and it can also be set in combination with simulation experiments and tests.

[0061] In some embodiments, for the second oscillator array 1022, the power P0 of the oscillator closer to the upper layer is greater, and the power P x of the oscillator farther from the upper layer is smaller, thereby forming a high-gain coverage in the far area, making the energy distribution of the antenna in the entire airspace coverage as uniform as possible to obtain the best coverage effect. The specific power distribution is determined by the gain requirement, and the gain requirement is calculated according to the path loss of the above-mentioned low-altitude uniform coverage. Calculate the preliminary gain difference between adjacent layer oscillators according to the following formula:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, the power of the oscillator in the uppermost layer of the second oscillator array 1022 is P0, and the power value P of each layer of oscillator arrays x can be fine-tuned according to the actual gain difference of the simulation to obtain the power value of each layer of oscillator arrays.

[0064] Optionally, the Luneburg lens antenna 100 further includes a port module 109. The port module 109 is connected to the control module 104 and is used for data transmission with the control module 104. The port module includes multiple ports, and the multiple ports include a ground port and an air port. The ground port and the air port are respectively connected to the feeding module and are respectively connected to the corresponding first oscillator array and second oscillator array through the feeding module, and are used for receiving and transmitting corresponding signals.

[0065] In this embodiment, as Figure 8 shown in the schematic structural diagram of an air-ground lens antenna, the air-ground lens antenna 100 further includes a port module 109. The port module 109 can establish a bidirectional communication link with the control module 104 through a data bus to realize real-time interaction of data such as configuration instructions, status parameters, and control information. The port module 109 can receive external signals and transmit the external signals to the control module 104 and / or the feeding module 103. Multiple groups of physical ports are integrated inside the port module 109 and are classified into two types: ground ports and air ports according to functions. The number of ground ports is N (N≥1), and a hardware interface that conforms to the ground equipment interface standard is adopted. The ground ports are connected to the ground feeding unit of the feeding module 103 through a dedicated feeder, and the feeding module 103 further transmits the signals to the first oscillator array to realize signal transceiver with the ground terminal. The number of air ports is M (M≥1), and a high-gain and low-loss air interface design is adopted. The air ports are coupled to the air feeding unit of the feeding module through a microstrip line or a waveguide, and the feeding module 103 then feeds the signals into the second oscillator array to complete signal interaction with the air target. This architecture can optimize the performance of the antenna by reasonably designing the feeding network and port layout to meet the requirements of signal transmission in different communication scenarios and systems. Preferably, a signal switching switch and a power divider are integrated inside the port module, and the signal flow direction of the ground / air ports can be dynamically adjusted according to the instructions of the control module, such as single-transmission, single-reception, or integrated transmission and reception modes. At the same time, an impedance matching circuit is used to maximize the signal transmission efficiency between the port, the feeding module, and the oscillator array, and reduce the reflection loss. Preferably, the entire port module 109 is encapsulated by a metal shielding shell to meet the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) design requirements, avoid crosstalk between the ground and air signals, and ensure the stable operation of the system.

[0066] The technical solution of this embodiment proposes an air-ground lens antenna, which is applied to a base station. The air-ground lens antenna includes a Luneburg lens, a multi-layer oscillator array, and a feeding module. The multi-layer oscillator array is divided into a first oscillator array and a second oscillator array, and each layer of the oscillator array includes at least one oscillator. Among them, the first oscillator array, including at least one layer of oscillator array, is arranged at the incident end of the Luneburg lens. Each oscillator in the first oscillator array emits a beam to the ground coverage area through the Luneburg lens respectively, forming a first beam covering the ground coverage area, realizing the emission of multiple beams for ground coverage to the ground coverage area through at least one layer of oscillator array and the Luneburg lens, so as to achieve uniform signal coverage of the ground coverage area. The second oscillator array, including at least one layer of oscillator array, is arranged at the incident end of the Luneburg lens and is located below the first oscillator array. Each oscillator in the second oscillator array emits a beam to the air coverage area through the Luneburg lens respectively, forming a second beam covering the air coverage area, realizing the emission of multiple beams for air coverage to the air coverage area through at least one layer of oscillator array and the Luneburg lens, so as to achieve uniform signal coverage of the air coverage area. The feeding module is electrically connected to the first oscillator array and the second oscillator array respectively, and is used to obtain a power distribution strategy and feed the base station signal source with corresponding power to the first oscillator array and the second oscillator array according to the power distribution strategy, so that the first oscillator array emits a first beam to the ground coverage area and the second oscillator array emits a second beam to the air coverage area. By feeding the base station signal source with corresponding power to each oscillator array according to the power distribution strategy by the feeding module, the transmission power of each oscillator array is dynamically adjusted to adjust the beam direction and gain, which helps to cope with complex environments such as movement and occlusion. Through the air-ground integrated antenna proposed by this solution, combining the multi-layer oscillator array and the Luneburg lens to emit corresponding multiple beams to the ground coverage area and the air coverage area, so as to realize the three-dimensional coverage of the signal to the ground coverage area and the air coverage area. It also dynamically adjusts the transmission power of each oscillator array according to the corresponding power distribution strategy, can enhance the beam directivity to expand the coverage distance and suppress signal interference. Combining with the flexible beam control ability, it can reduce the energy consumption of the base station, extend the equipment life and improve the coverage uniformity, solve the problems of uneven air-ground signal coverage range and high energy consumption, improve the signal coverage uniformity of the air-ground coverage area, and help to improve the performance, energy efficiency and stability of the communication system.

[0067] Figure 9 It is a structural flowchart of a base station provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 9 shown, the base station 200 includes the air-ground lens antenna 100 of any one of the above embodiments.

[0068] In this embodiment, the air-ground lens antenna in the above embodiment is applied to the base station, which can achieve three-dimensional signal coverage of the ground coverage area and the low-altitude coverage area, expand the coverage range of the base station. Therefore, in the same coverage area, the number of base stations can be reduced, not only reducing the construction cost of the base stations, but also reducing the subsequent maintenance cost and energy consumption. The high performance of the air-ground lens antenna enables the base station to adopt a simpler structure and configuration without using complex antenna arrays and beamforming devices, which helps to reduce the hardware cost and complexity of the base station and improve the deployment efficiency of the base station.

Claims

1. An air-ground lens antenna, characterized in that, Applied to a base station, it includes: a Luneburg lens, a multi-layer oscillator array, and a feeding module. The multi-layer oscillator array is divided into a first oscillator array and a second oscillator array, and each layer of the oscillator array includes at least one oscillator; wherein, The first oscillator array, including at least one layer of oscillator array, is arranged at the incident end of the Luneburg lens. Each oscillator in the first oscillator array emits a beam through the Luneburg lens to the ground coverage area respectively, forming a first beam covering the ground coverage area; The second oscillator array, including at least one layer of oscillator array, is arranged at the incident end of the Luneburg lens and is located below the first oscillator array. Each oscillator in the second oscillator array emits a beam through the Luneburg lens to the sky coverage area respectively, forming a second beam covering the sky coverage area; The feeding module is electrically connected to the first oscillator array and the second oscillator array respectively, and is used to obtain a power distribution strategy, and feed the base station signal source with corresponding power to the first oscillator array and the second oscillator array according to the power distribution strategy, so that the first oscillator array emits a first beam to the ground coverage area and the second oscillator array emits a second beam to the sky coverage area.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distances between each oscillator in the multi-layer oscillator array and the Luneburg lens are the same and are on the same spherical surface, and the center of the spherical surface coincides with the center of the Luneburg lens.

3. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The first oscillator array includes at least one first array element, and the first array element includes at least one oscillator; the second oscillator array includes at least one second array element, and the second array element includes at least one oscillator.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein The ground-air lens antenna further includes a control module and a driving module; The control module, connected to the driving module, receives a remote control instruction, determines first adjustment data based on the remote control instruction, and transmits the first adjustment data to the driving module. Among them, the remote control instruction includes one or more of an excitation adjustment instruction, a power distribution instruction, and a position adjustment instruction; the first adjustment data includes a target array element identifier and array element adjustment data, and the array element adjustment data includes one or more of excitation adjustment data, power adjustment data, and position adjustment data, and the position adjustment data includes adjustment data in the horizontal direction and / or the vertical direction; The driving module receives the first adjustment data, is connected to each layer of the oscillator array in the multi-layer oscillator array, and drives the corresponding target array element to be adjusted based on the first adjustment data. Among them, the target array element includes at least one of the first array elements and / or at least one of the second array elements.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, wherein The ground-air lens antenna further includes a mechanical adjustment device. The mechanical adjustment device is connected to the driving module and is connected to one or more of the feeding module and each layer of the oscillator array in the multi-layer oscillator array. The driving module drives the mechanical adjustment device to adjust the corresponding target array element based on the array element adjustment data; The mechanical adjustment device includes at least one operable component, and in response to the operation of the at least one operable component, at least one array element connected to the at least one operable component is adjusted.

6. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control module includes a parameter configuration sub-module, and the parameter configuration sub-module is used to configure signal coverage parameters, and the signal coverage parameters include one or more of gain data, elevation angle data, azimuth angle data, vertical coverage height, and horizontal coverage distance.

7. The antenna according to claim 6, wherein The air-ground lens antenna further includes an environmental information detection module; the environmental information detection module is used to detect the environmental information around the air-ground lens antenna, where the environmental information includes one or more of the installation height of the air-ground lens antenna, azimuth angle detection data, the elevation angle of the first beam, and the elevation angle of the second beam.

8. The antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The air-ground lens antenna further includes a strategy adjustment module; the strategy adjustment module is connected to the environmental information detection module for receiving the environmental information, and is connected to the control module for receiving the signal coverage parameters; and determines corresponding second adjustment data based on the environmental information and the signal coverage parameters, transmits the second adjustment data to the control module, and controls the corresponding target array element to be adjusted based on the second adjustment data through the control module.

9. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air-ground lens antenna further includes a port module, and the port module is connected to the control module for data transmission with the control module; The port module includes a plurality of ports, and the plurality of ports include a ground port and an air port. The ground port and the air port are respectively connected to the feeding module, and are respectively connected to the corresponding first oscillator array and second oscillator array through the feeding module for receiving and transmitting corresponding signals.

10. A base station, characterized in that, Comprising the air-ground lens antenna according to any one of claims 1-9.

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