Data transmission method and apparatus

Abstract

The data transmission method and device provided by the embodiment of the present application relate to the technical field of communication, and the method comprises the following steps: encoding data to obtain an encoding sequence of each bit in the data, wherein one or more symbols are included in any encoding sequence, and a null bit is included in any symbol; and a signal is transmitted according to the encoding sequence. The method reduces the influence of interference caused by time asynchronization among reflection signals of multiple reflection devices, reduces the probability of decoding error, and improves the decoding performance by inserting a null bit in the encoding sequence of the multiple reflection devices.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of communication, and in particular to a data transmission method and device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In some communication networks, such as Internet of Things devices and passive radio frequency identification (RFID) tags and the like, there are multiple devices that need to send data, and the devices have strict requirements on power consumption and cost. In these networks, backscatter technology can be used for communication to reduce the power consumption and cost of the system. In the backscatter technology, a device that needs to send data can be referred to as a reflecting device, and multiple reflecting devices modulate data onto the amplitude or phase of a radio frequency signal in the environment, and then send the modulated reflected signal to a receiving end (such as an RFID reader), and the receiving end decodes to obtain the data of the reflecting device, thereby completing information transmission.

[0003] However, in a communication system of multiple reflecting devices, when the backscatter technology is used, the error rate of decoding by the receiving end is high, and the overall decoding performance of the system is poor. SUMMARY

[0004] Embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method and device, which are applied to the technical field of communication and help to improve the decoding performance of the system.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method. The method can be performed by a reflecting device or a chip in the reflecting device. The method comprises: encoding data to obtain an encoding sequence of each bit in the data, wherein each encoding sequence includes one or more symbols, and each symbol includes a null bit; and transmitting a signal according to the encoding sequence.

[0006] Through the data transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present application, by inserting a null bit in the encoding sequence of the reflecting device, the reflecting device does not send a reflected signal in the time corresponding to the null bit, which can reduce the interference on other reflected signals. In this way, in a scenario where multiple reflecting devices send data through the backscatter technology, when the receiver receives the reflected signals of the multiple reflecting devices, the influence of the time asynchronization between the reflected signals of the multiple reflecting devices is reduced, thereby reducing the probability of decoding errors and improving the decoding performance of the system.

[0007] Based on the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the symbol includes a base symbol and a null bit, the base symbol is used to indicate the value of each bit in the data, and the null bit is located after the base symbol.

[0008] In this way, the reflecting device can determine the relative positions of the base symbol and the empty bit, which helps to effectively encode the data and reduce the complexity of encoding. Accordingly, the receiver can determine the format of the encoding sequence according to the determined encoding sequence, which helps to reduce the computational complexity and processing time, and more efficiently decode the signal.

[0009] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the encoding sequence is obtained by encoding the data according to an encoding rule, and the encoding rule is used to indicate the length of the encoding sequence.

[0010] In this way, the reflecting device can encode each bit in the data into the encoding sequence according to the determined length, so that the reflecting device can use the determined resource, such as the time resource, corresponding to the length of the encoding sequence, to encode the radio frequency signal. Accordingly, the explicit length of the encoding sequence enables the receiver to accurately identify the boundary of each encoding sequence, thereby simplifying the decoding process and helping to improve the speed and efficiency of decoding.

[0011] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the encoding rule is further used to indicate the number of empty bits in the symbol.

[0012] In this way, the reflecting device can obtain the number of empty bits included in the symbol, determine the format of the extended symbol in combination with the base symbol, and then effectively encode the data. Accordingly, when the receiver obtains the decoding rule corresponding to the encoding rule, it can also determine the format of the extended symbol, so that the decoding process can be simpler and faster, and the decoding complexity can be reduced.

[0013] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the number of empty bits in the symbol satisfies the following relationship: the number of empty bits = 2*(k-1)-1, k is a value used to indicate the reflecting device, the reflecting device is a device that encodes the data, and k is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0014] In this way, each symbol of the encoding sequence includes an odd number of empty bits, and the base symbol includes an even number of chips. In the case where the reflected signals of different reflecting devices are offset by an even number of chips, the possibility of the base symbols of the encoding sequences of multiple reflecting devices completely overlapping can be reduced, thereby reducing signal interference in this case and reducing the decoding error rate.

[0015] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, before transmitting the signal according to the encoding sequence, the method further includes receiving the radio frequency signal; and transmitting the signal according to the encoding sequence includes amplitude modulating the radio frequency signal according to the encoding sequence to obtain the signal.

[0016] In this way, by modulating the amplitude of the radio frequency signal, the reflection device can carry data in the modulated radio frequency signal, and effectively transmit the data to the receiver. Moreover, the amplitude modulation technology is relatively simple and easy to implement, which reduces the complexity of data processing of the reflection device and saves costs.

[0017] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method. The method can be executed by a receiving end or a chip in the receiving end. The method comprises: receiving a signal, the signal being obtained according to an encoding sequence, any one of the encoding sequences comprising one or more symbols, and any one of the symbols comprising a null bit; and decoding the signal.

[0018] Based on the second aspect, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, the signal is used to carry data of a reflection device, the symbol is composed of a basic symbol and a null bit, and the basic symbol is used to indicate a value of each bit in the data, and the null bit is located after the basic symbol.

[0019] Based on the second aspect, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, the encoding sequence is obtained according to an encoding rule for encoding each bit in the data, and the encoding rule is used to indicate a length of the encoding sequence.

[0020] Based on the second aspect, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, the receiving end is used to receive signals of a plurality of reflection devices, and the lengths of the encoding sequences of the plurality of reflection devices are the same.

[0021] Based on the second aspect, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, the encoding rule is further used to indicate a number of the null bits in the symbol.

[0022] Based on the second aspect, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, the number of the null bits in the symbol satisfies the following relationship: the number of the null bits = 2×(k-1)-1, k is used to indicate the reflection device, and k is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0023] Based on the second aspect, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, before the decoding of the signal, the method further comprises: obtaining a threshold value, the threshold value being related to a number of the symbols in the encoding sequence, and the greater the number of the symbols, the greater the threshold value; and decoding the signal, comprising: decoding the signal according to the threshold value.

[0024] Based on the second aspect, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, the decoding of the signal according to the threshold value comprises: obtaining an in-phase component of the signal according to the encoding sequence corresponding to the bit with the value of 1; determining that the value of the bit is 1 when the in-phase component of the signal is greater than or equal to the threshold value; or determining that the value of the bit is 0 when the in-phase component of the signal is less than the threshold value.

[0025] In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the in-phase component of the signal is obtained by multiplying a decoding sequence and a bit with a value of 1 in the encoding sequence, and the decoding sequence is obtained by demodulating the signal.

[0026] In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the symbol includes a basic symbol and a null bit, the basic symbol is used to indicate a value of each bit in the data, and the null bit is located after the basic symbol.

[0027] In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the encoding rule is used to indicate a length of the encoding sequence.

[0029] In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the transmitter is configured to send the encoding rule to a plurality of reflecting devices, and the encoding sequences of the plurality of reflecting devices have the same length.

[0030] In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the encoding rule is further used to indicate a number of the null bits in the symbol.

[0031] In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the number of the null bits in the symbol satisfies the following relationship: number of null bits = 2*(k-1)-1, k is used to indicate the reflecting device, and k is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0032] In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the method further includes: sending a radio frequency signal, and the radio frequency signal is used to carry the encoding rule.

[0033] In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the method further includes: sending a radio frequency signal, and the radio frequency signal is used to carry the encoding rule.

[0034] In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the method further includes: sending a radio frequency signal, and the radio frequency signal is used to carry the encoding rule.

[0035] In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the method further includes: sending a radio frequency signal, and the radio frequency signal is used to carry the encoding rule.

[0035] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus, including a processor and a communication interface, the processor being configured to control the communication interface to perform the method described in the first aspect to the third aspect and any possible implementation manner of the first aspect to the third aspect.

[0036] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program or instructions, when the computer program or instructions are run on a computer, the computer is caused to perform the method described in the first aspect to the third aspect and any possible implementation manner of the first aspect to the third aspect.

[0037] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product including a computer program, when the computer program is run, the computer is caused to perform the method described in the first aspect to the third aspect and any possible implementation manner of the first aspect to the third aspect.

[0038] In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a chip or a chip system, which includes at least one processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the at least one processor are interconnected through a line, the at least one processor is configured to run a computer program or instructions to perform the method described in the first aspect to the third aspect and any possible implementation manner of the first aspect to the third aspect. The communication interface in the chip can be an input / output interface, a pin or a circuit, etc.

[0039] In a possible implementation, the chip or the chip system described in the embodiments of the present application further includes at least one memory, and the at least one memory stores instructions. The memory can be a storage unit inside the chip, for example, a register, a cache, etc., or a storage unit of the chip (for example, a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.).

[0040] It should be understood that the second aspect to the ninth aspect of the present application correspond to the technical solution of the first aspect of the present application, and the beneficial effects obtained by each aspect and the corresponding feasible implementation manner are similar, which will not be described again. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a communication architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an encoding sequence and a reflection signal provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of signal interference provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a data transmission method provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a coding sequence of a plurality of reflecting devices provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a reflecting signal of a plurality of reflecting devices provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of another signal interference provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of another data transmission method provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 9 A decoding performance diagram of a receiver provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 10 A decoding performance diagram of another receiver provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 11 A decoding performance diagram of still another receiver provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of a communication device provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of another communication device provided for an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to clearly describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces some terms and technologies involved in the embodiments of the present application:

[0055] 1. Reflecting device

[0056] The reflecting device refers to a device that can reflect received electromagnetic waves (such as radio frequency signals) and the like.

[0057] The reflecting device can be a passive device and a semi-passive device. The passive device does not contain a power supply module (such as a battery) and needs to rely on the received electromagnetic waves for power supply. The semi-passive tag has a built-in power supply module, but is only used to maintain the working state of the device, and the data transmission still needs to rely on the received electromagnetic waves for power supply. The above-mentioned passive device and semi-passive device are concepts opposite to active devices. The active device is a device with a power supply module, which can support the active device to perform data transmission without relying on the electromagnetic waves in the environment.

[0058] The reflection device can also be referred to as a user, a user device or a device in some systems, and can also be referred to as a passive user, a passive user device or a passive device, etc. due to the dependence of the data transmission of the reflection device on the trigger of the radio frequency signal.

[0059] 2. Other terms

[0060] In the embodiments of the present application, the same items or similar items with basically the same functions and effects are distinguished by using "first", "second", etc. For example, the first chip and the second chip are only used to distinguish different chips, and do not limit the sequence. Those skilled in the art can understand that "first", "second", etc. do not limit the number and execution sequence, and "first", "second", etc. do not necessarily mean different.

[0061] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to mean serving as an example, instance or illustration. Any embodiment or design solution described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. Rather, the use of "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0062] In the embodiments of the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more. The association relationship between the associated objects is described by "and / or", which means that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the following three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after it. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions means any combination of these items, including any combination of single item or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can represent a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c or a-b-c, where a, b and c can be single or multiple.

[0063] This application's embodiments can be applied to IoT communication scenarios. Due to the stringent requirements on energy, cost, and complexity, IoT devices may sometimes be passive or semi-active devices, unable to provide their own power for signal transmission. In IoT communication scenarios, IoT devices can achieve low-cost, low-power communication through backscattering technology. In this technology, the passive device acts as a reflector, receiving the transmitter's radio frequency (RF) signal. This RF signal provides power to the reflector and can also be modulated by it. The reflector can adjust its antenna impedance to modulate the data to be transmitted onto the amplitude of the RF signal, sending the data to the receiver as a reflected signal. The receiver processes the received reflected signal to recover the data transmitted by the reflector.

[0064] Taking two reflective devices as an example, a possible multi-user communication system based on backscattering is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, this communication system consists of a transmitter, two reflectors, and a cooperative receiver. In this system, the transmitter can be a single-antenna radio frequency signal source. The two reflectors randomly connect and transmit reflected signals, and the cooperative receiver is capable of receiving both active and passive signals. Communication from the transmitter to the cooperative receiver can be called active communication, and the signal received by the cooperative receiver through active communication is called the active signal. Communication where the two reflectors transmit the reflected signal from the transmitter to the cooperative receiver can be called passive communication, and the reflected signal received by the cooperative receiver through passive communication is called the passive signal. The cooperative receiver can detect both the received active and passive signals.

[0065] In IoT communication scenarios, the transmitter, receiver, and reflector are relatively close together. In some cases, the signal transmission environment can be considered the same for active and passive communication. For example, the signal transmission environment may be subject to white noise interference, which can be represented by the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

[0066] The communication system in this application embodiment may also include more than two reflecting devices, and the cooperative receiver may also be called a receiver or receiver, which is capable of receiving and processing reflected signals from multiple reflecting devices.

[0067] The method described in this application embodiment can also be used in multi-tag asynchronous random access scenarios in radio frequency identification (RFID) to distinguish multiple tag signals and acquire data from each tag. The RFID system includes RFID tags and RFID readers. The RFID tags can be used as… Figure 1 One example of a reflective device in RFID technology is an RFID reader / writer. Figure 1 An example of a transmitter in [the context of a project].

[0068] In a radio frequency identification (RFID) system, an RFID tag, also known as an electronic tag, is usually attached to an object to identify and store information. The tag can contain a small chip and an antenna inside, which can store the unique identification information of the object. According to the power supply mode, the RFID tag can be a passive tag and a semi-active tag. The passive tag does not contain a battery and needs to rely on the radio frequency signal of the RFID reader for power supply. The semi-active tag contains a battery, but only for chip power supply, and the data transmission still needs to rely on the radio frequency signal of the RFID reader for power supply. The RFID tag can receive the radio frequency signal sent by the RFID reader, and send data to the RFID reader after backscattering. Therefore, the RFID reader can also be an example of a receiver in Figure 1

[0069] In the embodiments of the present application, the transmitter can also be referred to as a transmitting end or a sending end, and the receiver can also be referred to as a receiving end.

[0070] In order to reduce the error decoding caused by interference in the signal transmission process, in a possible implementation, the reflecting device can modulate the radio frequency signal. A chip is the smallest modulation unit when the radio frequency signal is modulated, and the chip duration can be used as a minimum time unit for signal transmission. By converting the binary data of the reflecting device into an encoding sequence, for example, 1 bit can be converted into an encoding sequence (such as "1101001"). The reflecting device determines the encoding sequence according to the data to be sent, and each value in the encoding sequence corresponds to a chip.

[0071] The radio frequency signal can also be referred to as a carrier signal as a carrier of the data sent by the reflecting device.

[0072] For example, the data of the reflecting device includes one or more bit positions, and the binary value is 0 or 1. In a possible implementation, when the value of the bit position is 0, the encoding sequence obtained by the reflecting device is composed of one or more "00", and when the value of the bit position is 1, the encoding sequence obtained by the reflecting device is composed of one or more "10". "00" and "10" can be referred to as a symbol, and "00" and "10" can be used to indicate the value of the bit position.

[0073] The reflecting device modulates the radio frequency signal according to the encoding sequence. For example, according to "10", the amplitude of the radio frequency signal is modulated, and in the chip time of "1", the amplitude of the radio frequency signal remains unchanged or is multiplied by a coefficient (non-0), and in the chip time of "0", the amplitude of the radio frequency signal is 0.

[0074] ​In a communication mode in which a reflection device sends data by modulating a radio frequency signal with a coding sequence, by dispersing 1 bit of information over multiple chips, the receiver can correctly decode even if some chips are interfered with, improving the anti-interference ability of the signal.

[0075] With the increase of Internet of Things devices, the demand for multi-device communication under backscatter is more obvious. Due to the weak reflection signal strength of the reflection device in backscatter communication, it is difficult to separate the mixed signal reflected by multiple reflection devices.

[0076] In order to reduce the error between the reflection signals of multiple reflection devices, the reflection signals can be transmitted orthogonally between each other without interference. For example, time division multiple access technology or frequency division multiple access technology is used to transmit multiple reflection signals, and the reflection signals of different reflection devices use different time domain resources. In the case that the receiver can realize synchronization of the reflection signals of multiple reflection devices, the start and end times of the reflection signals of each reflection device can be obtained, and each time unit (chip duration, duration of the coding sequence) can be accurately aligned, so that the orthogonality between the reflection signals of multiple reflection devices can be maintained, thereby reducing the signal interference between the reflection devices and improving the decoding performance.

[0077] In order to enhance the orthogonality between the reflection signals of different reflection devices, another possible implementation can be that different reflection devices use different symbol lengths for coding to obtain coding sequences of different lengths, and transmit to the receiver at different transmission rates. In this way, the orthogonality between the reflection signals of multiple reflection devices is improved, the interference between the signals is reduced, and the decoding performance is improved through the corresponding decoding algorithm based on symbol length.

[0078] In the embodiments of the present application, the symbol length refers to the duration of the coding sequence corresponding to one bit of data. In some cases, for example, with reference to the chip duration, the symbol length can also be represented by the number of chips contained in the coding sequence. The symbol length can also be referred to as the length of the coding sequence, the duration of the coding sequence, the sequence length, etc.

[0079] For example, the symbol lengths of the coding of two reflection devices are N and 2N respectively, and N can be a positive integer. As shown in Figure 2 When N is 2, the coding symbol length of reflection device 1 is 2, and "10" is used to represent a bit of value 1, and "00" is used to represent a bit of value 0. Correspondingly, the coding symbol length of reflection device 2 is 4, and "1010" is used to represent a bit of value 1, and "0000" is used to represent a bit of value 0. In this way, if N is 8, "10101010" can be used to represent a bit of value 1, and "00000000" can be used to represent a bit of value 0.

[0080] The above methods achieve good performance when the receiver can synchronize the reflected signals from multiple reflecting devices. However, in the Internet of Things (IoT), multiple reflecting devices may transmit reflected signals asynchronously and randomly. Due to the asynchronous and random transmission of signals, the reflected signals from multiple reflecting devices may not be aligned with each time unit at the receiver, and the orthogonality between the reflected signals from multiple reflecting devices may be destroyed. The reflected signal of one reflecting device in a certain time period may be interfered with by the reflected signals of other reflecting devices in the same time period, such as overlapping or missing encoded sequences corresponding to some bits. This may cause decoding errors when the receiver decodes the reflected signal of that reflecting device, thereby reducing the quality of communication.

[0081] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown in the diagram, three reflection devices are randomly and asynchronously connected to the scenario. Assume the symbol length of each bit of data from reflection device 1, reflection device 2, and reflection device 3 are respectively... The data from reflecting device 1 includes one bit with a value of 0, encoded as "00". The data from reflecting device 2 includes one bit with a value of 0, encoded as "0000". The data from reflecting device 3 includes one bit with a value of 1, encoded as "10101010". The reflected signal from reflecting device 1 is shifted 4 chips to the right relative to the reflected signal from reflecting device 3, and the reflected signal from reflecting device 2 is shifted 2 chips to the right relative to the reflected signal from reflecting device 3. Therefore, the signal from reflecting device 1 may be interfered with by the reflected signal from reflecting device 3, causing the encoded sequence to become "10", with the corresponding data bit value being 1, resulting in a decoding error. The signal from reflecting device 2 may also be interfered with by the reflected signal from reflecting device 3, potentially demodulating half of the chips to "0", for example, changing the encoded sequence to "1010", with the corresponding data bit value being 1, causing a decoding error.

[0082] In view of this, this application proposes a data transmission method applicable to scenarios where multiple reflecting devices transmit data via reflected signals. By inserting empty bits into the encoding sequence of the reflecting devices, the reflecting devices do not transmit reflected signals during the time corresponding to the empty bits, thereby reducing interference with other reflected signals. Thus, when the receiver receives reflected signals from multiple reflecting devices, even if a certain time offset occurs, the interference caused by time asynchrony between the reflected signals from multiple reflecting devices can be reduced, thereby lowering the probability of decoding errors and improving decoding performance.

[0083] The following will combine Figure 4 The data transmission method of the present application embodiment is described in detail through the interaction between the transmitter, the reflecting device and the receiver, including steps S401a to S405.

[0084] S401a, the transmitter sends a radio frequency signal to the receiver.

[0085] The receiver can obtain modulation information of the radio frequency signal through the received radio frequency signal, such as frequency, amplitude, or initial phase, etc. The modulation information can be used for demodulation of the reflected signal and the like.

[0086] Optionally, the transmitter can send control information to the receiver through the radio frequency signal. For example, the control information can include one or more information required for the reflected device to encode and modulate the radio frequency signal, such as the length of the encoding sequence, the format of the encoding sequence, etc. Specifically, the related description can be referred to in the subsequent encoding rule, which will not be repeated here.

[0087] Further, the receiver can also obtain the corresponding decoding rule according to the obtained encoding rule. Specifically, the content related to the decoding rule can be referred to in the description of the subsequent steps, which will not be repeated here.

[0088] In the embodiments of the present application, this step is optional. In some cases, the modulation information of the radio frequency signal and the encoding rule can be configured in the receiver by pre-configuration, and can not need to be provided to the receiver by the transmitter.

[0089] In this way, the receiver can obtain the modulation information and the decoding rule, and can effectively process the signal based on the decoding rule.

[0090] S401b, the transmitter sends a radio frequency signal to the reflecting device.

[0091] The transmitter can send the radio frequency signal to multiple reflecting devices, including the first reflecting device to the Nth reflecting device. N is the number of reflecting devices covered by the transmitter, wherein an integer can be used as a label of the reflecting device, such as k indicating a certain reflecting device.

[0092] The reflecting device can also obtain the modulation information of the radio frequency signal through the radio frequency signal, such as frequency, initial phase, etc. The modulation information can be used for the reflecting device to modulate the radio frequency signal and the like.

[0093] In this way, the reflecting device can obtain the energy of the signal transmission through the received radio frequency signal, and ensure that the signal transmission can be performed when there is no energy supply module for data transmission.

[0094] Optionally, the transmitter can send control information to the reflecting device through the radio frequency signal. For example, the control information can include one or more information required for the reflecting device to encode and modulate the radio frequency signal, such as the length of the encoding sequence, the format of the encoding sequence, etc. Specifically, the related description can be referred to in the subsequent encoding rule, which will not be repeated here.

[0095] In this way, the reflection device can obtain the encoding rule from the transmitter, and the transmitter can adjust the encoding rule according to the network status (for example, the number of reflection devices changes) and transmit it to the reflection device. This dynamic adaptability helps the system to maintain good communication quality in different environments.

[0096] S402, the reflection device obtains the encoding rule, and encodes the data according to the encoding rule to obtain an encoding sequence.

[0097] The encoding rule can refer to a rule for converting data to ensure correct transmission and reception of data by both parties of communication. After the data is encoded according to a certain encoding rule, the reliability of the communication system can be improved. The encoding rule can also be referred to as an encoding algorithm.

[0098] In the embodiment of the application, the encoding rule is used to encode the data of the reflection device according to the bit, and each bit can be converted into an encoding sequence. Specifically, the encoding sequence can be composed of one or more code elements.

[0099] Specifically, the encoding rule can indicate the format of the encoding sequence: in the encoding sequence, the code element can include a basic code element and one or more empty bits. Wherein, the basic code element does not contain empty bits, and indicates the value of the bit through two chips. For example, the basic code element can be "00", which is used to indicate that the bit value is 0, and the basic code element can also be "10", which is used to indicate that the bit value is 1. The code element including the basic code element and one or more empty bits can also be referred to as an extended code element.

[0100] Corresponding to the basic code element, when the encoding sequence is composed of the basic code element and the number of empty bits is 0, the encoding sequence can be referred to as a basic sequence, and when the encoding sequence is composed of the extended code element and the number of empty bits is not 0, the encoding sequence can be referred to as an extended sequence.

[0101] In the embodiment of the application, "empty" is used to indicate that the corresponding chip is an empty bit, and in the actual transmission process, the reflection device does not send a signal corresponding to the empty bit. In some cases, the empty bit can also be indicated by other forms, such as by "null" and the like.

[0102] For example, when the encoding sequence of the reflection device is an extended sequence, the encoding sequence corresponding to the bit 1 is composed of one or more "10 empty" extended code elements, and the encoding sequence corresponding to the bit 0 is composed of one or more "00 empty" extended code elements.

[0103] In this way, by adding a vacant bit to the encoding sequence, the reflecting device does not send a signal during the duration corresponding to the vacant bit. Consequently, during the time corresponding to the vacant bit, the reflected signal of the reflecting device will not interfere with the reflected signals of other reflecting devices. This helps to reduce the overall interference level when the reflected signals of multiple reflecting devices in the system are asynchronous, thereby improving the decoding performance of the system.

[0104] The encoding rule can indicate the number of empty bits in each symbol in the encoding sequence of the reflecting device, which can be represented by m, where m is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0105] In this way, the reflecting device can obtain the number of empty bits in the symbol, and combine this with the basic symbol to determine the format of the extended symbol, thereby effectively encoding the data. Correspondingly, when the receiver obtains the decoding rule corresponding to the encoding rule, it can also determine the format of the extended symbol, making the decoding process simpler and faster, and reducing the complexity of decoding.

[0106] In this embodiment, the system contains multiple reflecting devices, and the encoding sequences of these devices can have different formats. The code elements in the encoding sequences of different reflecting devices can include different numbers of empty bits. The number of empty bits, m, is related to the number of reflecting devices in the system. For example, if the number of reflecting devices in the system is N, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the number of empty bits for the k-th reflecting device is determined by... express, The following first relation exists between k and k:

[0107]

[0108] like Figure 5 As shown, the number of vacant positions for reflective device 1 is 0, the number of vacant positions for reflective device 2 is 1, and the number of vacant positions for reflective device 3 is 3.

[0109] In the above explanation of the number of vacant spaces, When the following first relationship is satisfied with k, the number of empty bits in each extended symbol in the extended sequence is odd. Since the basic symbol consists of two (even) chips, this method of having an odd number of empty bits can reduce the possibility of complete overlap between the basic symbol parts of the encoding sequence of one reflecting device and the basic symbol parts of the encoding sequence of another reflecting device when the reflected signals of different reflecting devices are offset by an even number of chips. This reduces signal interference in such cases and lowers the decoding error rate.

[0110] The above In the relevant description of the relationship with k, The coding sequence of the time is the basic sequence. The kth reflecting device is to distinguish different reflecting devices by k, establish the correspondence between the reflecting device and the number of empty bits, and is not limited to a certain specific order. In the specific implementation process, the number of empty bits may be randomly allocated from the set of reflecting machines for multiple reflecting devices, or may be allocated according to certain rules.

[0111] Exemplarily, the transmitting source (transmitter) of the radio frequency signal determines the number of reflecting devices in the system, and randomly configures the number of empty bits for each reflecting device in the set , and the number of empty bits configured for two reflecting devices is different. In another possible implementation, the number of empty bits of each reflecting device can be pre-configured by the system, and the passive reflecting device encodes with a determined number of empty bits.

[0112] In another possible implementation, the transmitter can obtain one or more of the position, distance, reflected signal strength or data volume of the reflecting device, and determine the number of empty bits allocated for each reflecting device according to one or more of the information. For example, the transmitter can allocate more empty bits to the reflecting device with higher reflected signal strength, to reduce the interference of the reflected signal of the reflecting device on the reflected signal of other reflecting devices. Or, the transmitter can allocate fewer empty bits to the reflecting device with a longer communication distance, to increase the proportion of data bits sent within the duration of an encoding sequence.

[0113] In the embodiment of the application, the empty bit is used to indicate that the reflecting device does not send a signal within the corresponding chip duration, or is used to transmit other control information (different from data). The control information can be information related to the encoding rule, such as the number of empty bits, or can be an instruction to the receiver to discard or treat the signal within the chip duration as noise during decoding.

[0114] The reflecting device needs to include the symbol length in the obtained encoding rule in order to complete the encoding.

[0115] In the embodiment of the application, multiple reflecting devices use the same symbol length, which can reduce the probability that a reflecting device using a shorter encoding sequence is completely covered by a longer encoding sequence of another reflecting device, resulting in incorrect decoding of part of the bit data. On the other hand, the receiver needs to accept the reflected signals of multiple reflecting devices, and using the same symbol length can simplify the processing mechanism of the receiver, reduce the complexity of the device, and improve the efficiency of data processing, which helps to improve the overall decoding performance of the system.

[0116] The specific value of the symbol length can be related to the number of users in the system.

[0117] In a possible implementation, the system can determine the symbol length as 2 raised to the power of N. For example, as shown in Figure 6 FIG. 1, the symbol lengths of the reflection device A, the reflection device B, and the reflection device C are all 8, and the encoding sequences corresponding to the data with 1 bit are “10101010”, “10null10null10”, and “10nullnull10null”, respectively.

[0118] The reflection device can encode the data according to the encoding rule to obtain the encoding sequence. Since the symbol length and the length of the code element or the extended code element are not necessarily in an integer multiple relationship. When the code element or the extended code element is repeated to the symbol length, the subsequent content is truncated accordingly.

[0119] For example, the number of null bits satisfies the first relationship, and the symbol length satisfies the relationship of 2 raised to the power of N, Figure 6 The encoding sequences obtained by encoding the data of each reflection device are shown.

[0120] Specifically, the data of the reflection device A to the reflection device C all include 3 bits, and the values are 1, 1, and 0, respectively. The data of the reflection device A (which can be used as the first reflection device, and the label k = 1) is encoded to obtain three encoding sequences: “10101010”, “10101010”, and “00000000”. The data of the reflection device B (which can be used as the second reflection device, and the label k = 2) is encoded to obtain three encoding sequences: “10null10null10”, “10null10null10”, and “00null00null00”. The data of the reflection device C (which can be used as the third reflection device, and the label k = 3) is encoded to obtain three encoding sequences: “10nullnull10null”, “10nullnull10null”, and “00nullnull00null”.

[0121] A possible way for the reflection device to obtain the encoding rule is to carry the symbol length and / or the number of null bits through a radio frequency signal. For example, the symbol length and the number of null bits are carried in the control information of the radio frequency signal, or the symbol length is carried in the control information of the radio frequency signal, and the number of null bits is preconfigured in each reflection device, or the set of the number of null bits is carried in the control information of the radio frequency signal, and the symbol length is preconfigured in each reflection device, and the number of null bits is determined in the set of the number of null bits by each reflection device.

[0122] In some cases, the information related to the encoding rule such as the symbol length and the number of null bits can also be preconfigured in each reflection device, and does not need to be obtained from the transmitter.

[0123] S403, the reflection device modulates the radio frequency signal according to the encoding sequence to generate a reflection signal.

[0124] The reflecting device modulates the radio frequency signal according to the coded sequence to obtain the reflected signal.

[0125] For example, the amplitude modulation process is as follows: during the duration of chip "1", the radio frequency signal maintains its original amplitude; during the duration of chip "0", the amplitude of the radio frequency signal becomes 0; during the duration of chip "empty", the radio frequency signal is not reflected and the reflecting device does not send a signal; or during the duration of chip "empty", the radio frequency signal is used to send control information.

[0126] In practical implementation, since the reflecting device is a passive device and cannot provide its own energy, the energy for transmitting the reflected signal can be converted through the radio frequency (RF) signal. This can also be understood as follows: a portion of the RF signal's energy powers the reflecting device, and the remaining portion is used for modulated transmission of the coded sequence. Therefore, for the duration of the chip "1", the amplitude of the reflected signal is lower than the amplitude of the RF signal, exhibiting a fixed ratio. Furthermore, the amplitudes of the reflected signals from multiple reflecting devices in the system can differ after modulation.

[0127] like Figure 6 As shown, the three reflecting devices A, B, and C modulate the radio frequency signal according to the coded sequence, resulting in reflected signals A, B, and C, respectively. In this embodiment, the reflected signals from different reflecting devices are different; only one reflecting device is used as an example for illustration.

[0128] The reflected signal may also carry indications of the start and end times of the data. For example, the reflected signal may include an indication of the start time of the coded sequence, which, combined with the symbol length, can give the end time of the coded sequence. Alternatively, the reflected signal may indicate the start and end positions of the data frame through flag bits or other means.

[0129] In this embodiment, taking a radio frequency (RF) signal with fixed amplitude, frequency, and phase as an example, the process of amplitude modulation of the RF signal by the reflecting device according to the coded sequence is described. In specific implementation, the amplitude, frequency, or phase of the RF signal may vary over time, and the specific form of the RF signal should not limit the data transmission method of this embodiment.

[0130] In this way, by modulating the amplitude of the radio frequency signal, the reflecting device can carry data in the modulated radio frequency signal and effectively transmit it to the receiver. Furthermore, amplitude modulation technology is relatively simple and easy to implement, reducing the complexity of data processing in the reflecting device and saving costs.

[0131] S404, The reflecting device sends a reflected signal to the receiver.

[0132] The reflected signal can be transmitted to the receiver in a wireless manner. During the transmission, the reflected signal can be interfered by environmental noise, reflected signals of other reflecting devices, etc., and can also be transmitted to cause attenuation or enhancement of the signal strength. Accordingly, after the transmission of the reflected signal, the reflected signal received by the receiver can be referred to as a target signal, which can be superimposed with the interference of the reflected signals of other reflecting devices.

[0133] In the case where multiple reflecting devices exist in the system, different reflecting devices can randomly perform the transmission of the reflected signal asynchronously. For example, the reflected signal of reflecting device B is shifted to the left by 1 chip than the reflected signal of reflecting device A, or the reflected signal of reflecting device C is shifted to the right by 3 chips than the reflected signal of reflecting device B, etc. The shift to the left represents the advance of the signal transmission time, and the shift to the right represents the delay of the signal transmission time. For example, the shift to the left by 1 chip represents the advance of 1 chip duration.

[0134] S405, the receiver decodes the reflected signal according to the decoding rule to obtain the data.

[0135] The decoding rule can indicate the rule of the receiver processing the signal and determining the data. The decoding rule can also be referred to as a decoding algorithm, a decoding algorithm, or a decoding algorithm.

[0136] Specifically, the decoding rule can indicate that the signal is decoded to obtain the value of the bit of the reflecting device as 1 in the case where the first condition is met, and the value of the bit of the reflecting device as 0 in the case where the second condition is met. The decoding rule corresponds to the encoding rule, and in some cases, the decoding rule can be obtained according to the encoding rule. Exemplarily, the first condition and the second condition can be related to the structure of the encoding sequence. The receiver can obtain the corresponding parameters such as the symbol length and the number of empty bits of the encoding sequence of each reflecting device by obtaining the encoding rule, so as to determine the structure of the encoding sequence and determine the first condition and the second condition.

[0137] The first condition and the second condition can be represented by the relationship between the in-phase component and the threshold value. For example, the decoding rule includes:

[0138] The first condition: ;

[0139] The second condition: .

[0140] wherein, is the in-phase component, which refers to the part of a signal that is completely aligned in phase with a certain reference signal (radio frequency signal or carrier signal). is a threshold value in combination with the number of empty bits existing in the encoding rule and the symbol length.

[0141] In a possible implementation, the receiver processes the target signal according to a symbol length to obtain an in-phase component. When the in-phase component is greater than or equal to a threshold value within the duration of the symbol length, the receiver decodes a bit corresponding to the encoding sequence as 1, and when the in-phase component is less than the threshold value, the receiver decodes the bit corresponding to the encoding sequence as 0.

[0142] Specifically, the receiver can process the received target signal according to each chip duration to obtain a value of each chip, thereby obtaining a decoding sequence Y corresponding to the target signal. For example, after the reflected signal is multiplied by the radio frequency signal and filtered by a low-pass filter, a signal strength or signal amplitude of each chip duration is obtained . The receiver can process the signal strength or signal amplitude of each chip duration according to a certain rule, convert the value of each chip into 1 or 0, and thereby obtain the decoding sequence Y corresponding to the target signal. Specifically, when the value of each chip exceeds a certain value, the value of the chip is converted to 1, and when the value of each chip does not exceed a certain value, the value of the chip is converted to 0.

[0143] For example, the receiver processes the obtained sequence according to a symbol length of the encoding sequence, and a sequence of the symbol length corresponds to a bit, which can be referred to as a decoding sequence. The receiver can also multiply each chip of the decoding sequence and the encoding sequence corresponding to the bit "1" to obtain a sum of values of the products of the corresponding chips, thereby obtaining the in-phase component decoding.

[0144] For the threshold value in the decoding rule, a possible way is to determine, according to the encoding rule, a number of symbols included in the encoding sequence corresponding to a bit "1", which can be used as the threshold value for decoding by the receiver. Since a symbol includes only one chip with a value of 1, the threshold value can also be a number of chips with a value of 1 in the encoding sequence corresponding to a bit "1". Since the number of chips with a value of 1 in the encoding sequence of different reflection devices is different, the threshold values of different reflection devices are also different in the decoding process. The receiver compares the in-phase component with the threshold value to obtain a decoding result according to a size relationship satisfied by the two.

[0145] The threshold value in the decoding rule of the kth reflection device can be obtained by multiplying a proportion of chips with a value of 1 within the duration of the symbol length by the symbol length. When an encoding sequence includes multiple complete symbols, the threshold value is equal to the number of symbols and is also equal to a number of chips with a value of 1 in the encoding sequence corresponding to a bit "1".

[0146] ​​​In some cases, the last symbol in the encoding sequence can be truncated, such as the symbol of the encoding sequence "10 null null 10 null" being "10 null null", and the last symbol being truncated to "10 null". Exemplarily, according to the first relationship, In turn, When the symbol length is 8, the proportion of chips with a value of 1 in the encoding sequence corresponding to the bit "1" of the plurality of reflecting devices in the duration of one symbol length is: Correspondingly, is: The value can be used as a threshold value. In When the value is not an integer, the calculated value can be processed by rounding down, rounding up, or rounding, to obtain an integer value as a reference component. For example When 8 / 3 is 8 / 3, the reference component can be rounded down to 2 or rounded up to 3.

[0147] The decoding process of the case without interference is described by taking the decoding sequence obtained by demodulating the signal of reflecting device A as an example. The receiving device obtains the symbol length of reflecting device A as 8, is 0, then the target signal is intercepted according to the length of 8 chips to obtain the decoding sequence corresponding to each bit: "10101010" "10101010" "00000000". The encoding sequence of the bit "1" of reflecting device A is "10101010". According to the decoding rule, the decoding sequence "10101010" is multiplied by each chip of the encoding sequence "10101010" to obtain "10101010", and the sum of all values is the in-phase component is 4, the threshold value is 8 / 2=4, satisfying the first condition The decoding result is that the value of this bit is 1. Similarly, the decoding sequence "00000000" is multiplied by each chip of the encoding sequence "10101010" to obtain the decoding result of "00000000", that is, the value of this bit is 0.

[0148] For example, the target signal is a mixed signal, and the corresponding decoding sequence is 11110100. The encoding sequence corresponding to the bit "1" of the reflecting device is 10101010. Then, by multiplying the two sequences according to each chip, 10100000 is obtained, and the corresponding in-phase component can be the number of chips with a value of 1, satisfying According to the second condition, the decoded bit value is 0. For example, if the target signal is a mixed signal, the corresponding decoded sequence is 11110110, and the encoding sequence of the reflecting device is "10 empty 10 empty 10". Then, by multiplying the two sequences by each chip, we get "10 empty 10 empty 10", and the corresponding in-phase component... ,satisfy Based on the first condition, the bit value is 1 after decoding.

[0149] In this way, the receiver can decode the received signal to obtain data based on the threshold value. Furthermore, the threshold value is related to the format of the encoding sequence indicated by the encoding rules. The receiver can determine different threshold values ​​for different reflecting devices, thereby decoding the signals of different reflecting devices more accurately and improving the accuracy of decoding.

[0150] Bit-level data decoding errors are closely related to the demodulation result or in-phase component of each chip. The proportion of the number of potentially interfered chips to the symbol length can reflect the probability of decoding errors.

[0151] like Figure 7 As shown, the data from both reflecting devices A and B contains 3 bits, which is 110. Assume that chips with a value of 0 may be interfered with or covered by chips with a value of 1 from other reflecting devices. When the encoded sequence of reflecting device A is shifted one chip to the right compared to the encoded sequence of reflecting device B, within a duration of 24 chips, 3 chips may be affected by the reflected signal from reflecting device B, potentially leading to incorrect decoding. In contrast, if there were no empty bits, all chips with a value of 0 from reflecting device A could be interfered with by the reflected signal from reflecting device B, resulting in a much higher probability of incorrect decoding.

[0152] The data from reflecting device C also contains 3 bits, 111. When the encoded sequence of reflecting device C is shifted 3 chips to the right compared to the encoded sequence of reflecting device B, during the duration of 8 chips (one symbol length) of reflecting device B, the interference between the chips corresponding to the empty bits of reflecting device C may be eliminated because of the empty bits in the chips. For example, if the 3 bits of data from reflecting device B are 110, among the corresponding 24 chips, only the first and fourth chips with the third bit valued at 0 might be interfered with by the encoded sequence of reflecting device C. According to the decoding rules, the decoded sequence is interfered with as "10 empty 10 empty 00". Multiplying this by "10 empty 10 empty 10" yields "10 empty 10 empty 00", with an in-phase component of 2, which is less than 8 / 3. The decoding result is a bit value of 0, which will not cause a decoding error. In contrast, if there are no empty bits, all the chips with a value of 1 in the reflecting device C may interfere with the reflected signal of the reflecting device B, resulting in a greater probability of incorrect decoding.

[0153] By the data transmission method in the embodiments of the present application, in the case that multiple reflection devices asynchronously send reflection signals, the mutual interference between reflection signals of different reflection devices in the time corresponding to the different number of null bits used in the encoding sequences of different reflection devices is reduced, thereby reducing the probability of decoding errors and improving the overall decoding performance of the system.

[0154] From the perspective of reflection device capacity, the data transmission method in the embodiments of the present application, in the case that the receiver can achieve the same decoding performance, reduces the interference between different reflection devices by using null bits, which helps the system to support more reflection devices for data transmission, thereby improving the reflection device capacity of the system.

[0155] The data transmission method in the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below Figure 8 by the interaction between the reflection device and the receiver, including steps S801 to S804.

[0156] S801, the reflection device encodes data to obtain an encoding sequence of each bit of the data, and each encoding sequence includes one or more symbols, and each symbol includes a null bit.

[0157] Each encoding sequence corresponds to one bit of data. The reflection device encodes the data of the reflection device according to the encoding rule to obtain the encoding sequence. The system can indicate the format of the encoding sequence through the encoding rule, and the format of the encoding sequence is that one encoding sequence includes one or more symbols, and each symbol includes a null bit. Specifically, the encoding rule can also indicate that the encoding sequence of the reflection device includes a basic sequence and a null bit, and indicate the number of null bits in each symbol.

[0158] In the system of multiple reflection devices, multiple reflection devices can receive radio frequency signals of the same transmitter and send data to the same receiver. In the system, the number of null bits of a certain reflection device is different from the number of null bits of other reflection devices in the system.

[0159] In addition, the length information of the encoding sequence and the like are also needed to determine the encoding sequence. Specifically, the format of the encoding sequence, the information indicated by the encoding rule, and the information acquisition method and the like can be referred to Figure 4 the detailed description in the embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0160] In the embodiments of the present application, the extended symbol in the encoding sequence is composed of a basic symbol and a null bit, and the null bit is located after the basic symbol. The arrangement rule between the basic symbol and the null bit can be obtained through the encoding rule.

[0161] In this way, the reflection device can determine the relative positions of the base symbols and the null bits, which helps to effectively encode the data and reduce the complexity of encoding. Furthermore, the receiver can determine the format of the encoded sequence according to the determined format, which helps to reduce the computational complexity and processing time, and more efficiently decodes the signal.

[0162] In addition to being allocated or determined by the first relationship, the number of null bits included in each symbol in the encoded sequence of the kth reflection device can also satisfy a second relationship between the number of null bits included in each symbol in the encoded sequence of the kth reflection device and the number of reflection devices in the system.

[0163]

[0164] The parameters in the second relationship can refer to the related descriptions in the embodiments of the present application, which will not be repeated here. Figure 4

[0165] When the second relationship is satisfied, since the reflection device does not transmit a reflection signal during the time corresponding to the null bit, the reflection device will not interfere with other signals during this period. In the case of asynchronous multiple reflection devices, this helps to correctly decode the signals of multiple reflection devices and improve decoding performance. In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, in addition to the manner of determining the symbol length according to the power of 2 in the corresponding embodiments, other manners can also be used. Figure 4

[0166] For example, in some cases, the symbol length can also be a common multiple of the symbol length (the number of chips included in the symbol) of multiple reflection devices. For example, the number of null bits of three reflection devices is 0, 1, and 3, respectively, and the corresponding symbol length is 2, 3, and 5, respectively, and the least common multiple is 30. The system can set the symbol length to 30. Or 60, 90, and other common multiples.

[0167] In this way, each symbol length contains multiple complete base symbols or extended symbols, and encoding or decoding the encoded sequence according to the symbol length can avoid truncation of the symbol and increase the proportion of null bits, thereby helping to reduce decoding errors caused by interference between reflection devices. In some cases, in addition to being related to the number of reflection devices, the symbol length can also be related to the strength or frequency of the radio frequency signal or the data transmission rate requirement of the reflection device.

[0168] S802, the reflection device obtains a signal according to the encoded sequence.

[0169] ​​The signal obtained by the reflection device according to the encoding sequence can also be referred to as a reflection signal. In the embodiments of the present application, different reflection devices can be indicated by an integer index k in a system of multiple reflection devices, for example, the reflection signal corresponding to the kth reflection device is referred to as the kth signal.

[0170] Specifically, the reflection device receives a radio frequency signal from the transmitter, and the reflection device can modulate the amplitude of the radio frequency signal according to the encoding sequence to obtain a reflection signal. For specific processes, refer to Figure 4 the detailed description of the embodiments.

[0171] Figure 4 The process of obtaining the reflection signal in the embodiments is described under the condition that the amplitude frequency of the radio frequency signal is a fixed value. In actual implementation, the radio frequency signal can have a frequency, phase or amplitude that changes over time. The form of the radio frequency signal does not limit the data transmission method of the embodiments of the present application.

[0172] S803, the reflection device sends a signal to the receiver.

[0173] The reflection device sends the modulated reflection signal to the receiver, thereby sending the data of the reflection device to the receiver.

[0174] In some cases, the reflection signal can also carry information related to encoding and / or decoding, such as the chip duration corresponding to the null bit of the aforementioned encoding sequence, the number of null bits, the symbol length or the threshold value, etc. Therefore, when the receiver obtains the information related to encoding and / or decoding, in addition to Figure 4 the related manners described in the corresponding embodiments, it can also be obtained through the reflection signal.

[0175] Correspondingly, the receiver receives the signal sent by the reflection device. The signal received by the receiver and the signal sent by the reflection device can be different. In the embodiments of the present application, the reflection signal received by the receiver can also be referred to as a target signal.

[0176] S804, the receiver decodes the signal.

[0177] The receiver can also obtain a threshold value before decoding the signal. The threshold value is related to the number of symbols in the encoding sequence. The greater the number of symbols, the greater the threshold value.

[0178] The threshold value is a parameter in the decoding rule. Specifically, the threshold value and the relationship between the threshold value and the format of the encoding sequence (such as the symbol length in the encoding rule, the number of null bits contained in each symbol, etc.) can refer to the related description in the embodiments of the present application, which will not be repeated here. Figure 4

[0179] ​One implementation of the receiver decoding the signal is that the receiver decodes the signal according to the threshold value.

[0180] Specifically, after the signal corresponding to the reflecting device is transmitted to the receiver, the receiver can demodulate the signal and obtain a decoding sequence. The decoding process also depends on information related to the format of the encoding sequence, such as the length of the encoding sequence corresponding to each bit, the number of empty bits of each encoding sequence, and the like. The information related to the format of the encoding sequence can be included in the decoding rule, and part or all of the information in the decoding rule can also be obtained according to the corresponding encoding rule.

[0181] After the receiver demodulates the decoding sequence, the in-phase component needs to be calculated in combination with the encoding sequence, and compared with the threshold value to finally obtain the data. The specific decoding rule, i.e., the decoding method, can refer to the detailed description in the embodiments of the present application, which will not be repeated here. Figure 4

[0182] The decoded data can be different from the original data transmitted by the reflecting device. In the embodiments of the present application, target data is used to distinguish from the original data.

[0183] The specific decoding process can refer to the detailed description in the embodiments of the present application, which will not be repeated here. Figure 4

[0184] Through the data transmission method provided in the embodiments of the present application, by inserting empty bits in the encoding sequence of the reflecting device, the reflecting device does not transmit a reflected signal in the time corresponding to the empty bits, which can reduce the interference on other reflected signals. In this way, in the scenario of multiple reflecting devices transmitting data through the backscattering technology, when the receiver receives the reflected signals of the multiple reflecting devices, the influence of the time asynchronization among the reflected signals of the multiple reflecting devices is reduced, thereby reducing the probability of decoding error and improving the system decoding performance.

[0185] Further, the encoding sequences of the multiple reflecting devices have the same length, which can simplify the encoding rule and the decoding rule, avoid setting multiple decoding rules by the receiver, reduce the complexity of the receiver, and be beneficial to improving the decoding efficiency and the system decoding performance.

[0186] Figure 9 ​​The simulation result of a scenario where the reflection signal of user two is offset to the right by 1 / 3 of the symbol length relative to the reflection signal of user one in a system of two reflection devices (user one and user two) is shown, where scheme one can be a data transmission method in which different reflection devices use different symbol lengths for encoding, the symbol length of user one is 300, and the symbol length of user two is 600. Scheme two uses the data transmission method of the embodiment of the present application, the symbol length of user one and user two is 300, no empty bit is contained in the encoding sequence of user one, and each symbol in the encoding sequence of user two contains 1 empty bit. It can be proved by the simulation result that, under the same signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the bit error rate (BER) of scheme two is lower than that of scheme one by inserting empty bits in the encoding sequence of part or all reflection devices through the data transmission method of the embodiment of the present application. It is illustrated that the data transmission method of the embodiment of the present application can effectively reduce the decoding error rate and improve the decoding performance of the system.

[0187] Figure 10 and Figure 11 Then, the decoding performance of the method of the embodiment of the present application in the case of asynchronous random access of more reflection devices is simulated. Figure 10 The bit error rate obtained by using the data transmission method of the embodiment of the present application in a system of three reflection devices (user one, user two, and user three) is shown. Figure 11 The bit error rate obtained by using the data transmission method of the embodiment of the present application in a system of four reflection devices (user one, user two, user three, and user four) is shown. In both cases, the receiver can effectively distinguish the signals of different reflection devices, and the bit error rate is Figure 9 The decoding performance of scheme two in the simulation shown has the same trend, which illustrates that the method of the embodiment of the present application is helpful to distinguish the signals of more reflection devices, reduce the bit error rate, and improve the decoding performance of the system as a whole. From another perspective, under the condition that the decoding performance required by the system is the same, the method of the embodiment of the present application can support more reflection devices for data transmission.

[0188] It should be noted that the module names involved in the embodiments of the present application can be defined as other names, as long as the functions of the modules can be realized, and the names of the modules are not limited specifically.

[0189] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user equipment information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in the embodiments of the present application are all information and data authorized by the user or authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of related data need to comply with relevant laws, regulations and standards of relevant countries and regions, and provide corresponding operation portal for user to select authorization or rejection.

[0190] The data transmission method of the embodiments of the present application has been described above, and the device for executing the above method provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described below. Those skilled in the art can understand that the method and the device can be combined and referred to each other, and the related device provided by the embodiments of the present application can execute the steps in the list sorting method.

[0191] The communication device of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below in combination with Figure 12 and Figure 13 . The communication device includes modules or units for executing corresponding parts in the above embodiments. The modules or units can be software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. Only the communication device is briefly exemplified below, and for the details of the scheme implementation, reference can be made to the description of the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be described hereinafter.

[0192] Figure 12 A schematic block diagram of a communication device 1200 provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in FIG. 12. As shown in FIG. 12, the device 1200 includes a processing module 1201 and a transceiver module 1202. Figure 12

[0193] In a possible implementation, the device 1200 is configured to execute the steps performed by the reflecting device in the method embodiments.

[0194] The processing module 1201 is configured to encode data to obtain an encoding sequence of each bit in the data, any one of the encoding sequences including one or more symbols, and any one of the symbols including a null bit. The transceiver module 1202 is configured to transmit a signal according to the encoding sequence.

[0195] Optionally, the transceiver module 1202 can also be the processing module 1201.

[0196] In another possible implementation, the device 1200 is configured to execute the steps performed by the transmitting end in the method embodiments.

[0197] The processing module 1201 is configured to determine an encoding rule, the encoding rule being used by the reflecting device to encode each bit in the data to obtain an encoding sequence, any one of the encoding sequences including one or more symbols, and any one of the symbols including a null bit. The transceiver module 1202 is configured to transmit the encoding rule.​

[0198] In another possible implementation, the apparatus 1200 is configured to perform the steps performed by the receiving end in the method embodiments.

[0199] The transceiver module 1202 is configured to receive a signal, the signal being obtained according to the encoding sequences, each of the encoding sequences comprising one or more symbols, each of the symbols comprising the null bit. The processing module 1201 is configured to decode the signal.

[0200] It should be understood that the apparatus 1200 herein is embodied in the form of functional modules. The term “module” herein can refer to an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an electronic circuit, a processor (shared, dedicated or group) and memory that execute one or more software or firmware programs, a combinational logic circuit, and / or other suitable components that provide the described functionality.

[0201] In some embodiments provided in the present application, Figure 12 The apparatus 1200 in the present application can also be a chip, for example, a Modem.

[0202] Figure 13 A schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus 1300 is shown. The apparatus 1300 includes a processor 1301, a transceiver 1302 and a memory 1303. The processor 1301, the transceiver 1302 and the memory 1303 communicate with each other through an internal connection path. The memory 1303 is configured to store instructions, and the processor 1301 is configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory 1303 to control the transceiver 1302 to transmit and / or receive signals. It can be understood that the transceiver 1302 can be a communication interface or an input / output interface.

[0203] It should be understood that the apparatus 1300 can be specifically a reflection device, a transmitting section or a receiving end in the above-described embodiments, and can be used to perform the steps and / or procedures corresponding to the reflection device, the transmitting section or the receiving end in the above-described method embodiments. Optionally, the memory 1303 can include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provide instructions and data for the processor. A part of the memory can also include a non-volatile random access memory. For example, the memory can also store device type information. The processor 1301 can be used to execute the instructions stored in the memory, and when the processor 1301 executes the instructions stored in the memory, the processor 1301 is used to perform the steps and / or procedures of the above-described method embodiments. The transceiver 1302 can include a transmitter and a receiver, the transmitter can be used to implement the steps and / or procedures corresponding to the transmitter for performing the transmitting actions, and the receiver can be used to implement the steps and / or procedures corresponding to the receiver for performing the receiving actions.

[0204] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor.

[0205] In the implementation process, the steps of the above-described method can be completed by the integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor or the instructions in the form of software. The steps of the method combined with the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as the execution completed by the hardware processor, or executed by the combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software modules can be located in the storage medium mature in the art such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, register, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor executes the instructions in the memory to complete the steps of the above-described method in combination with the hardware thereof. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.

[0206] The modem can include a NAS (non-access stratum) layer, an RRC (radio resource control) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and a physical (PHY) layer. Each of the aforementioned layers can be a software module. The modem can interact with a base station through an antenna.

[0207] Some embodiments of the present application provide a chip system applied to a reflection device, a transmitting section or a receiving end, the chip system comprising at least one processor and an interface, the interface being configured to receive an instruction and transmit the instruction to the at least one processor; the at least one processor executes the instruction to enable the reflection device, the transmitting section or the receiving end to perform the data transmission method described above. The chip system can be a modem or a system on chip (Soc) comprising a modem, and the method described above can be implemented by a modem.

[0208] The present application also provides a computer readable storage medium for storing a computer program for implementing the method shown in the method embodiment described above.

[0209] The present application also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program (also referred to as code or instructions), which, when executed on a computer, can perform the method shown in the method embodiment described above.

[0210] Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the modules and algorithm steps of the examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be realized in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those of ordinary skill in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0211] Those of ordinary skill in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the system, device and module described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the method embodiments described above, which will not be described here.

[0212] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device and method can be implemented in other manners. For example, the division of the above-described device embodiment is merely an example, and the division can be other division manners. For example, multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections can be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, devices or modules, and can be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0213] The modules illustrated as separated components can or can not be physically separated, and the components illustrated as modules can or can not be physical modules, i.e., can be located in one place or distributed to multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment.

[0214] In addition, each functional module in the embodiments of the present application can be integrated into a processing module, or each module can be physically present alone, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.

[0215] If the functions are realized in the form of software function modules and sold or used as independent products, the software function modules can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various media that can store program codes.

[0216] The above detailed description of the embodiments of the present application further describes the purposes, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the above is merely a specific implementation of the embodiments of the present application, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made on the basis of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0217] In each of the embodiments of the present application, the terms and / or descriptions of different embodiments have consistency and can be referred to each other if there is no special description and logical conflict, and the technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, characterized by, The method comprises: The multiple reflection devices send data by reflecting signals, encode the data to obtain an encoding sequence of each bit in the data, the symbol length of the encoding sequence in the multiple reflection devices is the same, each of the encoding sequences comprises one or more symbols, and each of the symbols comprises a basic symbol and a null bit; the number of each null bit is odd and satisfies the relationship: number of null bits = 2×(k-1)-1, wherein k is a value used for indicating a reflection device, the reflection device is a device that encodes the data, and k is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the reflection device does not send a reflection signal in a time corresponding to the null bit; Signal transmission according to the encoding sequence.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The basic symbol is used for indicating the value of each bit in the data, and the null bit is located after the basic symbol.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The encoding sequence is obtained by encoding the data according to an encoding rule, and the encoding rule is used for indicating the length of the encoding sequence.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The encoding rule is also used for indicating the number of null bits in the symbol.

5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Before the signal transmission according to the encoding sequence, the method further comprises: Receiving a radio frequency signal; The signal transmission according to the encoding sequence comprises: Amplitude modulation of the radio frequency signal according to the encoding sequence to obtain the signal; Transmitting the signal.

6. A data transmission method, characterized by, For a receiving end, the method comprises: Receiving a signal sent by multiple reflection devices through reflection signals, the signal being obtained according to an encoding sequence, each of the encoding sequences comprising one or more symbols, the symbol length of the encoding sequence in the multiple reflection devices being the same, each of the symbols comprising a basic symbol and a null bit; the number of each null bit being odd and satisfying the relationship: number of null bits = 2×(k-1)-1, wherein k is a value used for indicating a reflection device, the reflection device being a device that encodes the data, and k being an integer greater than or equal to 2; the reflection device not sending a reflection signal in a time corresponding to the null bit; Decoding the signal.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The signal is used for carrying data of the reflection device, the basic symbol is used for indicating the value of each bit in the data, and the null bit is located after the basic symbol.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The encoding sequence is obtained by encoding each bit in the data according to an encoding rule, and the encoding rule is used for indicating the length of the encoding sequence.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The encoding rule is also used for indicating the number of null bits in the symbol.

10. The method of claim 6 or 7, wherein, Before the decoding of the signal, the method further comprises: Obtaining a threshold value, the threshold value being related to the number of symbols in the encoding sequence, and the greater the number of symbols, the greater the threshold value; The decoding of the signal comprises: Decoding the signal according to the threshold value.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein, The decoding of the signal according to the threshold value comprises: Obtaining an in-phase component of the signal according to the encoding sequence corresponding to a bit with a value of 1; When the in-phase component of the signal is greater than or equal to the threshold value, determining that the value of the bit is 1; or When the in-phase component of the signal is less than the threshold value, determining that the value of the bit is 0.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein, The in-phase component of the signal is obtained by multiplying a decoded sequence and an encoded sequence corresponding to the bit with the value of 1, the decoded sequence being obtained by demodulating the signal.

13. A data transmission method, characterized by, For a transmitting end, the method comprises: determining an encoding rule, the encoding rule being used by a plurality of reflecting devices to encode each bit in data to obtain an encoded sequence, the encoded sequences in the plurality of reflecting devices having the same symbol length, each of the encoded sequences comprising one or more symbols, each of the symbols comprising a base symbol and a null bit; each of the null bits having an odd number and satisfying a relationship: number of null bits = 2*(k-1)-1, where k is a value used to indicate a reflecting device, the reflecting device being a device that encodes the data, and k being an integer greater than or equal to 2; the reflecting device not sending a reflected signal in a time corresponding to the null bit; sending the encoding rule.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein, The base symbol is used to indicate a value of each bit in the data, and the null bit is located after the base symbol.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, The encoding rule is used to indicate a length of the encoded sequence.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein, The transmitting end is configured to send the encoding rule to the plurality of reflecting devices.

17. The method of claim 13 or 14, wherein, The encoding rule is further used to indicate a number of the null bits in the symbol.

18. The method of claim 13 or 14, wherein, The method further comprises: sending a radio frequency signal, the radio frequency signal being used to carry the encoding rule.

19. A communications device, characterized by comprising: a processor and a memory; the memory storing computer-executable instructions; the processor executing the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the communication device executes the method according to any one of claims 1-5, or the method according to any one of claims 6-12, or the method according to any one of claims 13-18.

20. A computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the method according to any one of claims 1-5, or the method according to any one of claims 6-12, or the method according to any one of claims 13-18.

21. A chip system, characterized by comprising at least one processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the at least one processor being interconnected by a line, the at least one processor being configured to run a computer program or instructions to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-5, or the method according to any one of claims 6-12, or the method according to any one of claims 13-18.

22. A computer program product, characterised in that, comprising a computer program, when the computer program is run, causing a computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-5, or the method according to any one of claims 6-12, or the method according to any one of claims 13-18.

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