Perovskite solar cell with backlight substrate and preparation method of perovskite solar cell

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cells, in particular to a perovskite solar cell with a backlight substrate and a preparation method of the perovskite solar cell with the backlight substrate, and the perovskite solar cell with the backlight substrate comprises the backlight substrate, a metal back reflection layer, an electron transport layer, a perovskite absorption layer, a hole transport layer and a transparent conductive film. The backlight substrate has no requirement for light transmission, one of stainless steel and common glass can be adopted, the cost is reduced, and when the stainless steel is used as the backlight substrate, the high temperature resistance can be improved; light directly enters from the transparent conductive film, and 10% reflection and substrate absorption loss of a traditional surface light substrate are avoided. The metal back reflection layer reflects unabsorbed light back to the perovskite absorption layer for secondary utilization through high reflection and scattering characteristics, so that the light capturing capability is remarkably improved; therefore, the overall sunlight absorption power generation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cells, and in particular to a perovskite solar cell with a backlight substrate and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, perovskite solar cells have rapidly become an important development direction of the new generation of photovoltaic technologies due to their excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency, low material cost, and diverse preparation processes. These cells utilize unique perovskite materials as the light absorption layer, demonstrating excellent light trapping ability and carrier mobility, enabling their photoelectric conversion efficiency to reach new highs in the past few years. Traditionally, perovskite solar cells adopt a "front-light substrate" structure design, that is, the incident light enters the cell from the direction of the front-light substrate. This means that the light first needs to pass through the transparent substrate to reach the perovskite absorption layer for energy conversion.

[0003] However, this traditional front-light substrate design has some inherent limitations. First, due to the refractive index difference between the substrate surface and air, approximately 10% of the incident light will be reflected on the substrate surface and fail to effectively enter the cell interior to participate in the photoelectric conversion process, resulting in energy loss and affecting the overall efficiency of absorbing sunlight for power generation. Second, the substrate material itself will also absorb light of specific wavelengths to a certain extent, further weakening the amount of light that can be utilized by the perovskite layer and also affecting the overall efficiency of absorbing sunlight for power generation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a perovskite solar cell with a backlight substrate and a preparation method thereof, aiming to improve the overall efficiency of absorbing sunlight for power generation.

[0005] To achieve the above object, in the first aspect, the present invention provides a perovskite solar cell with a backlight substrate, including a backlight substrate, a metal back reflection layer, an electron transport layer, a perovskite absorption layer, a hole transport layer, and a transparent conductive film;

[0006] The metal back reflection layer is disposed on one side of the backlight substrate; the electron transport layer is disposed on the side of the metal back reflection layer away from the backlight substrate; the perovskite absorption layer is disposed on the side of the electron transport layer away from the metal back reflection layer; the hole transport layer is disposed on the side of the perovskite absorption layer away from the electron transport layer; the transparent conductive film is disposed on the side of the hole transport layer away from the perovskite absorption layer.

[0007] In the second aspect, the present invention also provides a preparation method of a perovskite solar cell with a backlight substrate, including:

[0008] Clean the backlight substrate using a cleaning device, and then dry it with nitrogen;

[0009] Deposit a metal back reflection layer on the backlight substrate;

[0010] Deposit an electron transport layer on the metal back reflection layer;

[0011] Deposit a perovskite absorption layer on the electron transport layer;

[0012] Deposit a hole transport layer on the perovskite absorption layer;

[0013] Deposit a transparent conductive film on the hole transport layer.

[0014] Wherein, the cleaning device includes a base, a first cleaning pool, a second cleaning pool, a displacement component, a lifting component and a support component;

[0015] The first cleaning pool is arranged on the top of the base; the second cleaning pool is arranged on the top of the base; the displacement component is arranged on the top of the base; the lifting component is arranged on the displacement component; the support component is arranged at the bottom of the lifting component; the displacement component is used to drive the support component to displace; the lifting component is used to drive the support component to lift.

[0016] Wherein, the support component includes a mounting table, four support claw mechanisms and a push-pull mechanism;

[0017] The mounting table is arranged at the bottom of the lifting component; the four support claw mechanisms are respectively fixedly arranged on the mounting table;

[0018] The support claw mechanism includes an L-shaped plate, a first mounting cylinder, a first piston, a first ejector rod, a first support disc, a second mounting cylinder, a second piston, a second ejector rod, a second support disc, a transverse cylinder, a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe, a third piston and a push rod;

[0019] The L-shaped plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the mounting table; the first mounting cylinder is fixedly arranged on the L-shaped plate; the first piston is slidably arranged in the first mounting cylinder; the first ejector rod is fixedly connected with the first piston, and is slidably connected with the first mounting cylinder and passes through the first mounting cylinder; the first support disc is fixedly arranged at the top of the first ejector rod;

[0020] The second mounting cylinder is fixedly arranged on the L-shaped plate; the second piston is slidably arranged in the second mounting cylinder; the second ejector rod is fixedly connected with the second piston, and is slidably connected with the second mounting cylinder and passes through the second mounting cylinder; the second support disc is fixedly arranged at the top of the second ejector rod;

[0021] The horizontal cylinder is fixedly arranged on the top of the mounting table; one end of the first connecting pipe communicates with the horizontal cylinder, and the other end communicates with the first mounting cylinder; one end of the second connecting pipe communicates with the horizontal cylinder, and the other end communicates with the second mounting cylinder; the third piston is slidably arranged in the horizontal cylinder; the push rod is fixedly connected to the third piston, slidably connected to the horizontal cylinder, and passes through the horizontal cylinder.

[0022] The pushing and pulling mechanism is arranged on the top of the mounting table and is used to synchronously push and pull the four push rods.

[0023] Among them, the pushing and pulling mechanism includes a mounting frame, two sliders, a bidirectional lead screw and a first motor.

[0024] The mounting frame is fixedly arranged on the top of the mounting table; the two sliders are respectively slidably arranged inside the mounting frame; each slider is fixedly connected to the two push rods; the bidirectional lead screw is rotatably arranged on the mounting frame and is respectively threadedly connected to the two sliders; the first motor is fixedly arranged on one side of the mounting frame, and the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to the bidirectional lead screw.

[0025] Among them, the support assembly further includes a first electric telescopic rod and a pressure plate.

[0026] The first electric telescopic rod is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the mounting table; the pressure plate is fixedly arranged at the output end of the first electric telescopic rod.

[0027] Among them, the displacement assembly includes a top frame and a sliding seat.

[0028] The top frame is fixedly arranged on the top of the base; the sliding seat is slidably arranged on the top frame.

[0029] Among them, the displacement assembly further includes a cross beam, a rack, a second motor and a gear.

[0030] The cross beam is fixedly arranged on the top frame; the rack is fixedly arranged on the cross beam; the second motor is fixedly arranged on the sliding seat; the gear is fixedly arranged at the output end of the second motor and meshes with the rack.

[0031] Among them, the lifting assembly includes a connecting frame and a second electric telescopic rod.

[0032] The connecting frame is fixedly arranged on the top of the mounting table; the second electric telescopic rod is fixedly arranged on the sliding seat, and the output end of the second electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the connecting frame.

[0033] Among them, the lifting assembly further includes a plurality of guide rods.

[0034] A plurality of the guide rods are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting frame, are respectively slidably connected to the sliding seat, and respectively pass through the sliding seat.

[0035] A perovskite solar cell on a backlight substrate and a preparation method thereof according to the present invention. The backlight substrate has no requirement for light transmittance, and one of stainless steel and ordinary glass can be used to reduce costs. When using stainless steel as the backlight substrate, the high-temperature resistance performance can also be improved; the metal back reflection layer can be one of Au, Ag or Al, and is used to reflect the unabsorbed light; the electron transport layer can be one of TiO2, AZO or BZO; the perovskite absorption layer can be one of CH3NH3PbI3 and CH3NH3PbI (3-x) Cl x in one of them; the hole transport layer can be one of Spiro-OMeTAD or PEDOT:PSS; the transparent conductive film is indium tin oxide ITO; light is directly incident from the transparent conductive film, avoiding the 10% reflection and substrate absorption loss of the traditional surface light substrate; the metal back reflection layer reflects the unabsorbed light back to the perovskite absorption layer for secondary utilization through high reflection and scattering characteristics, significantly improving the light trapping ability; thereby improving the overall efficiency of absorbing sunlight for power generation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art.

[0037] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 is a schematic flow chart of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the cleaning device of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 is a front view of the cleaning device of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a cross-sectional view along the B-B direction.

[0042] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a partial enlarged view of Detail A.

[0043] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the support assembly of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 8 is the front view of the support component of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 9 is the cross-sectional view of the support claw mechanism of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] 100 - Backlight substrate, 200 - Metal back reflection layer, 300 - Electron transport layer, 400 - Perovskite absorption layer, 500 - Hole transport layer, 600 - Transparent conductive film, 1 - Base, 2 - First cleaning tank, 3 - Second cleaning tank, 4 - Displacement component, 5 - Lifting component, 6 - Support component, 41 - Top frame, 42 - Sliding seat, 43 - Cross beam, 44 - Rack, 45 - Second motor, 46 - Gear, 51 - Connecting frame, 52 - Second electric telescopic rod, 53 - Guide rod, 61 - Mounting table, 62 - Support claw mechanism, 63 - Pushing and pulling mechanism, 64 - First electric telescopic rod, 65 - Pressure plate, 6201 - L-shaped plate, 6202 - First mounting cylinder, 6203 - First piston, 6204 - First ejector rod, 6205 - First support plate, 6206 - Second mounting cylinder, 6207 - Second piston, 6208 - Second ejector rod, 6209 - Second support plate, 6210 - Horizontal cylinder, 6211 - First connecting pipe, 6212 - Second connecting pipe, 6213 - Third piston, 6214 - Push rod, 631 - Mounting frame, 632 - Slide block, 633 - Bidirectional lead screw, 634 - First motor. Detailed implementation manners

[0047] The first embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1 , in which Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] The present invention provides a perovskite solar cell for a backlight substrate, including a backlight substrate 100, a metal back reflection layer 200, an electron transport layer 300, a perovskite absorption layer 400, a hole transport layer 500, and a transparent conductive film 600;

[0050] The metal back reflection layer 200 is disposed on one side of the backlight substrate 100; the electron transport layer 300 is disposed on the side of the metal back reflection layer 200 away from the backlight substrate 100; the perovskite absorption layer 400 is disposed on the side of the electron transport layer 300 away from the metal back reflection layer 200; the hole transport layer 500 is disposed on the side of the perovskite absorption layer 400 away from the electron transport layer 300; the transparent conductive film 600 is disposed on the side of the hole transport layer 500 away from the perovskite absorption layer 400.

[0051] A perovskite solar cell with a backlight substrate according to this embodiment. The backlight substrate 100 has no requirement for light transmittance, and stainless steel or ordinary glass can be used to reduce costs. When stainless steel is used as the backlight substrate 100, the high-temperature resistance performance can also be improved. The metal back reflection layer 200 can be one of Au, Ag, or Al, and is used to reflect the unabsorbed light. The electron transport layer 300 can be one of TiO2, AZO, or BZO. The perovskite absorption layer 400 can be one of CH3NH3PbI3 and CH3NH3PbI (3-x) Cl x containing a mesoporous structure or not. The hole transport layer 500 can be one of Spiro-OMeTAD or PEDOT:PSS. The transparent conductive film 600 is indium tin oxide ITO. Light is directly incident from the transparent conductive film 600, avoiding the 10% reflection and substrate absorption loss of the traditional surface light substrate. The metal back reflection layer 200 reflects the unabsorbed light back to the perovskite absorption layer 400 for secondary utilization through high reflection and scattering characteristics, significantly improving the light trapping ability, and thus improving the efficiency of overall solar power generation by absorbing sunlight.

[0052] The second embodiment of this application is:

[0053] Please refer to Figures 2 - 9 , where Figure 2 is the process schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the cleaning device of the second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 is the front view of the cleaning device of the second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 is Figure 4 the cross-sectional view along the B-B direction. Figure 6 is Figure 5 the partial enlarged view of detail A. Figure 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the support assembly of the second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 is the front view of the support assembly of the second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 is the cross-sectional view of the support claw mechanism of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] A method for preparing a perovskite solar cell with a backlight substrate provided by the present invention includes:

[0055] S1: Use a cleaning device to clean the backlight substrate 100, and then dry it with nitrogen.

[0056] When the backlight substrate 100 is made of stainless steel, place the backlight substrate 100 in the cleaning device, clean it, and then dry it with a nitrogen gun for standby.

[0057] S2: Deposit a metal back reflection layer 200 on the backlight substrate 100.

[0058] When the metal back reflection layer 200 uses Ag, the Ag layer is deposited by pulsed DC magnetron sputtering method, with a thickness of 50 - 300 nm, a sputtering power of 50 - 300 W, and a substrate temperature of 0 - 400 °C;

[0059] S3 Deposit the electron transport layer 300 on the metal back reflection layer 200;

[0060] When the electron transport layer 300 uses TiO2, the TiO2 layer is deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering, with a thickness of 50 - 100 nm and a substrate temperature of 300 - 500 °C;

[0061] S4 Deposit the perovskite absorption layer 400 on the electron transport layer 300;

[0062] First, PbI2 powder is thermally evaporated in a vacuum environment, and then CH3NH3I powder is thermally evaporated. After taking it out, annealing is carried out on a heating plate to form the perovskite absorption layer 400, with an annealing temperature of 50 - 200 °C and a film thickness of 100 - 500 nm;

[0063] S5 Deposit the hole transport layer 500 on the perovskite absorption layer 400;

[0064] Spin - coat the Spiro - OMeTAD solution at a rotation speed of 1000 - 2000 rpm to form a 10 - 100 nm thin film;

[0065] S6 Deposit the transparent conductive film 600 on the hole transport layer 500.

[0066] Thermally evaporate and deposit the ITO layer, with a thickness of 50 - 300 nm, an oxygen pressure of 0.1 - 10 Pa, and a temperature of 100 - 400 °C.

[0067] Furthermore, the cleaning device includes a base 1, a first cleaning pool 2, a second cleaning pool 3, a displacement component 4, a lifting component 5, and a support component 6;

[0068] The first cleaning pool 2 is arranged on the top of the base 1; the second cleaning pool 3 is arranged on the top of the base 1; the displacement component 4 is arranged on the top of the base 1; the lifting component 5 is arranged on the displacement component 4; the support component 6 is arranged at the bottom of the lifting component 5; the displacement component 4 is used to drive the support component 6 to displace; the lifting component 5 is used to drive the support component 6 to lift.

[0069] In this embodiment, the first cleaning tank 2 is an ultrasonic cleaning tank with water inside, and a cleaning liquid is added to the water. The second cleaning tank 3 is also an ultrasonic cleaning tank with deionized water inside. The support assembly 6 is used to place the backlight substrate 100. During specific use, the backlight substrate 100 is placed on the support assembly 6, and then the displacement assembly 4 drives the backlight substrate 100 to move above the first cleaning tank 2. Then, the lifting assembly 5 drives the backlight substrate 100 to move downward and immerse it below the liquid level for soaking and cleaning. After the cleaning is completed, the lifting assembly 5 drives the backlight substrate 100 to move upward. The displacement assembly 4 drives the backlight substrate 100 to move above the second cleaning tank 3, and the lifting assembly 5 moves the backlight substrate 100 downward again to immerse it below the liquid level for further soaking and cleaning. After the cleaning is completed, the displacement assembly 4 and the lifting assembly 5 cooperate to drive the backlight substrate 100 back to the initial position.

[0070] Further, the support assembly 6 includes a mounting table 61, four support claw mechanisms 62, and a push-pull mechanism 63;

[0071] The mounting table 61 is arranged at the bottom of the lifting assembly 5; the four support claw mechanisms 62 are respectively and fixedly arranged on the mounting table 61;

[0072] The support claw mechanism 62 includes an L-shaped plate 6201, a first mounting cylinder 6202, a first piston 6203, a first ejector rod 6204, a first support disk 6205, a second mounting cylinder 6206, a second piston 6207, a second ejector rod 6208, a second support disk 6209, a transverse cylinder 6210, a first connecting pipe 6211, a second connecting pipe 6212, a third piston 6213, and a push rod 6214;

[0073] The L-shaped plate 6201 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the mounting table 61; the first mounting cylinder 6202 is fixedly arranged on the L-shaped plate 6201; the first piston 6203 is slidably arranged in the first mounting cylinder 6202; the first ejector rod 6204 is fixedly connected to the first piston 6203, is slidably connected to the first mounting cylinder 6202, and passes through the first mounting cylinder 6202; the first support disk 6205 is fixedly arranged at the top of the first ejector rod 6204;

[0074] The second mounting cylinder 6206 is fixedly arranged on the L-shaped plate 6201; the second piston 6207 is slidably arranged in the second mounting cylinder 6206; the second ejector rod 6208 is fixedly connected to the second piston 6207, is slidably connected to the second mounting cylinder 6206, and passes through the second mounting cylinder 6206; the second support disk 6209 is fixedly arranged at the top of the second ejector rod 6208;

[0075] The horizontal cylinder 6210 is fixedly arranged on the top of the mounting table 61; one end of the first connecting pipe 6211 communicates with the horizontal cylinder 6210, and the other end communicates with the first mounting cylinder 6202; one end of the second connecting pipe 6212 communicates with the horizontal cylinder 6210, and the other end communicates with the second mounting cylinder 6206; the third piston 6213 is slidably arranged in the horizontal cylinder 6210; the push rod 6214 is fixedly connected to the third piston 6213, is slidably connected to the horizontal cylinder 6210, and passes through the horizontal cylinder 6210;

[0076] The pushing and pulling mechanism 63 is arranged on the top of the mounting table 61 and is used for synchronously pushing and pulling the four push rods 6214.

[0077] In this embodiment, the first mounting cylinder 6202 communicates with the horizontal cylinder 6210 through the first connecting pipe 6211, and the second mounting cylinder 6206 communicates with the horizontal cylinder 6210 through the second connecting pipe 6212, and the whole is sealed, so that no gas leaks or enters; the whole interior can be filled with air or liquid to achieve pneumatic drive or hydraulic drive;

[0078] As shown in the attached drawing, at this time, the first support plate 6205 is at a high position. There are a total of four first support plates 6205 in the front, back, left and right directions, which can stably support the backlight substrate 100. Then, under the cooperation of the displacement assembly 4 and the lifting assembly 5, the backlight substrate 100 is immersed in the first cleaning tank 2 for ultrasonic cleaning of the backlight substrate 100. However, the position where the first support plate 6205 contacts the backlight substrate 100 is blocked and cannot be cleaned. Therefore, after soaking and cleaning for a period of time, the pushing and pulling mechanism 63 is used to pull the push rod 6214. The push rod 6214 pulls the third piston 6213 to slide. The cavity on the side of the horizontal cylinder 6210 close to the interface of the second connecting pipe 6212 gradually becomes smaller, and air flows into the second mounting cylinder 6206 through the second connecting pipe 6212. The air pressure in the second mounting cylinder 6206 increases, pushing the second piston 6207 to move upward, driving the second support plate 6209 to move upward through the second ejector rod 6208. Synchronously, the cavity on the side of the horizontal cylinder 6210 close to the interface of the first connecting pipe 6211 gradually becomes larger, and the pressure becomes smaller, forming a negative pressure. The air in the first mounting cylinder 6202 will flow into the cavity on the side of the horizontal cylinder 6210 close to the interface of the first connecting pipe 6211 through the first connecting pipe 6211. At this time, the first piston 6203 will descend, driving the first support plate 6205 to descend through the first ejector rod 6204;

[0079] Therefore, while the four first support plates 6205 descend, the four second support plates 6209 move upward. When the first support plates 6205 and the second support plates 6209 are at the same height, they start to alternate. The four second support plates 6209 continue to move upward, and the four first support plates 6205 continue to move downward. Until finally, only the four second support plates 6209 support the backlight substrate 100, and the four first support plates 6205 move downward away from the backlight substrate 100. At this time, the position that was blocked by the four first support plates 6205 before can be soaked and cleaned. By adopting the above method, using the push-pull mechanism 63 to push and pull the push rod 6214, the lifting alternation of the first support plate 6205 and the second support plate 6209 can be realized, and the backlight substrate 100 can be supported alternately, so that the backlight substrate 100 can be completely cleaned without the situation of being blocked and unable to be cleaned. In the second cleaning tank 3, the cleaning is also carried out in an alternating support manner;

[0080] The complete cleaning process is briefly described as follows: The four first support plates 6205 support the backlight substrate 100, soak and clean in the first cleaning tank 2 for a period of time, and then alternately, the four second support plates 6209 support the backlight substrate 100 and soak and clean for another period of time. At this time, the backlight substrate 100 is supported by the four second support plates 6209, moves to the second cleaning tank 3, soaks and cleans for a period of time, and then alternately, the four first support plates 6205 support the backlight substrate 100 and clean for another period of time.

[0081] Further, the push-pull mechanism 63 includes a mounting frame 631, two sliders 632, a bidirectional lead screw 633, and a first motor 634;

[0082] The mounting frame 631 is fixedly arranged on the top of the mounting table 61; the two sliders 632 are respectively slidably arranged inside the mounting frame 631; each slider 632 is fixedly connected to the two push rods 6214; the bidirectional lead screw 633 is rotatably arranged on the mounting frame 631 and is respectively threadedly connected to the two sliders 632; the first motor 634 is fixedly arranged on one side of the mounting frame 631, and the output end of the first motor 634 is fixedly connected to the bidirectional lead screw 633.

[0083] In this embodiment, the mounting frame 631 is used to mount the two sliders 632. When the first motor 634 drives the bidirectional lead screw 633 to rotate, the two sliders 632 can be driven to slide in opposite directions. When the two sliders 632 slide closer to each other, the four push rods 6214 are synchronously pulled. When the two sliders 632 slide away from each other, the four push rods 6214 are synchronously pushed.

[0084] Further, the support assembly 6 further includes a first electric telescopic rod 64 and a pressure plate 65;

[0085] The first electric telescopic rod 64 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the mounting table 61; the pressure plate 65 is fixedly arranged at the output end of the first electric telescopic rod 64.

[0086] In this embodiment, when the displacement assembly 4 and the lifting assembly 5 move the backlight substrate 100, the backlight substrate 100 is only supported by four of the first support plates 6205 or four of the second support plates 6209, and displacement may occur, resulting in deviation. At this time, the first electric telescopic rod 64 is provided to drive the pressure plate 65 to press the backlight substrate 100 from above, so as to maintain stability. During cleaning, the first electric telescopic rod 64 drives the pressure plate 65 to move upward away from the backlight substrate 100 to avoid obstruction.

[0087] Further, the displacement assembly 4 includes a top frame 41 and a sliding seat 42;

[0088] The top frame 41 is fixedly arranged on the top of the base 1; the sliding seat 42 is slidably arranged on the top frame 41.

[0089] In this embodiment, the sliding seat 42 can slide on the top frame 41, thereby finally driving the support assembly 6 to displace.

[0090] Further, the displacement assembly 4 further includes a cross beam 43, a rack 44, a second motor 45 and a gear 46;

[0091] The cross beam 43 is fixedly arranged on the top frame 41; the rack 44 is fixedly arranged on the cross beam 43; the second motor 45 is fixedly arranged on the sliding seat 42; the gear 46 is fixedly arranged at the output end of the second motor 45 and meshes with the rack 44.

[0092] In this embodiment, the length directions of the cross beam 43 and the rack 44 are the same as that of the top frame 41. When the second motor 45 drives the gear 46 to rotate, the gear 46 rolls along the rack 44, thereby driving the sliding seat 42 to slide and finally driving the support assembly 6 to displace.

[0093] Further, the lifting assembly 5 includes a connecting frame 51 and a second electric telescopic rod 52;

[0094] The connecting frame 51 is fixedly arranged on the top of the mounting table 61; the second electric telescopic rod 52 is fixedly arranged on the sliding seat 42, and the output end of the second electric telescopic rod 52 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 51.

[0095] In this embodiment, the second electric telescopic rod 52 drives the connecting frame 51 to lift, and the connecting frame 51 can drive the support assembly 6 to lift.

[0096] Furthermore, the lifting assembly 5 further includes a plurality of guide rods 53;

[0097] The plurality of guide rods 53 are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting frame 51, respectively slidably connected to the sliding seat 42, and respectively pass through the sliding seat 42.

[0098] In this embodiment, the plurality of guide rods 53 provide additional support to ensure no deflection or swing when bearing lateral forces.

[0099] The above-disclosed are only one or more preferred embodiments of the present application, and the scope of rights of the present application cannot be limited thereby. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the entire or partial processes of implementing the above embodiments, and the equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present application still fall within the scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. A perovskite solar cell with a backlight substrate, characterized in that it includes a backlight substrate, a metal back reflector, an electron transport layer, a perovskite absorption layer, a hole transport layer, and a transparent conductive film; the metal back reflector is disposed on one side of the backlight substrate; the electron transport layer is disposed on the side of the metal back reflector away from the backlight substrate; the perovskite absorption layer is disposed on the side of the electron transport layer away from the metal back reflector; the hole transport layer is disposed on the side of the perovskite absorption layer away from the electron transport layer; the transparent conductive film is disposed on the side of the hole transport layer away from the perovskite absorption layer.

2. The preparation method of a perovskite solar cell on a backlight substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes: using a cleaning device to clean the backlight substrate, and then drying it with nitrogen; depositing a metal back reflector on the backlight substrate; depositing an electron transport layer on the metal back reflector; depositing a perovskite absorption layer on the electron transport layer; depositing a hole transport layer on the perovskite absorption layer; depositing a transparent conductive film on the hole transport layer.

3. The method for preparing a perovskite solar cell with a backlight substrate according to claim 2, characterized in that the cleaning device includes a base, a first cleaning tank, a second cleaning tank, a displacement component, a lifting component, and a support component; the first cleaning tank is disposed on the top of the base; the second cleaning tank is disposed on the top of the base; the displacement component is disposed on the top of the base; the lifting component is disposed on the displacement component; the support component is disposed at the bottom of the lifting component; the displacement component is used to drive the support component to displace; the lifting component is used to drive the support component to lift.

4. The method for preparing a perovskite solar cell with a backlight substrate according to claim 3, characterized in that the support component includes a mounting table, four support claw mechanisms, and a push-pull mechanism; the mounting table is disposed at the bottom of the lifting component; the four support claw mechanisms are respectively fixedly disposed on the mounting table; the support claw mechanism includes an L-shaped plate, a first mounting cylinder, a first piston, a first ejector rod, a first support disk, a second mounting cylinder, a second piston, a second ejector rod, a second support disk, a transverse cylinder, a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe, a third piston, and a push rod; the L-shaped plate is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the mounting table; the first mounting cylinder is fixedly disposed on the L-shaped plate; the first piston is slidably disposed in the first mounting cylinder; the first ejector rod is fixedly connected to the first piston, slidably connected to the first mounting cylinder, and passes through the first mounting cylinder; the first support disk is fixedly disposed on the top of the first ejector rod; the second mounting cylinder is fixedly disposed on the L-shaped plate; the second piston is slidably disposed in the second mounting cylinder; the second ejector rod is fixedly connected to the second piston, slidably connected to the second mounting cylinder, and passes through the second mounting cylinder; the second support disk is fixedly disposed on the top of the second ejector rod; The horizontal cylinder is fixedly arranged on the top of the mounting table; one end of the first connecting pipe communicates with the horizontal cylinder, and the other end communicates with the first mounting cylinder; one end of the second connecting pipe communicates with the horizontal cylinder, and the other end communicates with the second mounting cylinder; the third piston is slidably arranged in the horizontal cylinder; the push rod is fixedly connected to the third piston, is slidably connected to the horizontal cylinder, and passes through the horizontal cylinder. The pushing and pulling mechanism is arranged on the top of the mounting table and is used for synchronously pushing and pulling the four push rods.

5. The preparation method of a perovskite solar cell with a backlight substrate according to claim 4, characterized in that The pushing and pulling mechanism includes a mounting frame, two sliders, a bidirectional lead screw and a first motor. The mounting frame is fixedly arranged on the top of the mounting table; the two sliders are respectively slidably arranged inside the mounting frame; each slider is fixedly connected to the two push rods; the bidirectional lead screw is rotatably arranged on the mounting frame and is respectively threadedly connected to the two sliders; the first motor is fixedly arranged on one side of the mounting frame, and the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to the bidirectional lead screw.

6. The preparation method of a perovskite solar cell with a backlight substrate according to claim 5, characterized in that The support assembly further includes a first electric telescopic rod and a pressing plate. The first electric telescopic rod is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the mounting table; the pressing plate is fixedly arranged at the output end of the first electric telescopic rod.

7. The preparation method of a perovskite solar cell with a backlight substrate according to claim 6, characterized in that The displacement assembly includes a top frame and a sliding seat. The top frame is fixedly arranged on the top of the base; the sliding seat is slidably arranged on the top frame.

8. The preparation method of a perovskite solar cell with a backlight substrate according to claim 7, characterized in that The displacement assembly further includes a cross beam, a rack, a second motor and a gear. The cross beam is fixedly arranged on the top frame; the rack is fixedly arranged on the cross beam; the second motor is fixedly arranged on the sliding seat; the gear is fixedly arranged at the output end of the second motor and meshes with the rack.

9. The preparation method of a perovskite solar cell with a backlight substrate according to claim 8, characterized in that The lifting assembly includes a connecting frame and a second electric telescopic rod. The connecting frame is fixedly arranged on the top of the mounting table; the second electric telescopic rod is fixedly arranged on the sliding seat, and the output end of the second electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the connecting frame.

10. The preparation method of a perovskite solar cell with a backlight substrate according to claim 9, characterized in that The lifting assembly further includes a plurality of guide rods. The plurality of guide rods are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting frame, are respectively slidably connected to the sliding seat, and respectively pass through the sliding seat.

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