Automatic classifying and crushing mechanism

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of waste recycling, and particularly discloses an automatic classifying and crushing mechanism which comprises a device body, a metal collecting mechanism and an automatic screening mechanism. A first driving part is mounted at one end of the device main body; the metal collecting mechanism is arranged in the device body and used for removing metal, the metal collecting mechanism comprises a discharging slope block, a magnetic attraction face is installed at the upper end of the discharging slope block, and a machine box is installed at one end of the device body. The automatic screening mechanism is arranged in the device body and used for screening crushed materials. According to the automatic classifying and crushing mechanism, the metal collecting mechanism is installed in the device main body, so that the effect of classifying metal in the first step is achieved, the automatic screening mechanism is installed in the device main body, and the metal collecting mechanism is installed in the device main body; and therefore, the effect of classifying the waste materials in the second step is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of waste recycling, and particularly to an automatic sorting and crushing mechanism. Background Art

[0002] Waste recycling refers to the process of making waste that has lost its original use value or is discarded or abandoned during production, life and other activities regain its use value through collection, sorting, processing and other links. These wastes include but are not limited to waste metals, plastics, papers, glasses, electronic waste, etc. Many wastes are actually "resources in the wrong place". For example, recycling 1 ton of waste paper can produce about 800 kg of good paper, which is equivalent to cutting down 17 fewer big trees and can save a large amount of wood resources; recycling 1 ton of waste steel can produce 0.9 tons of steel, saving 47% in cost compared with smelting with ore, and can also reduce air pollution, water pollution and solid waste.

[0003] However, in the current industrial practice of resource recycling and waste treatment, a long-existing and urgent key technical problem is that after the existing waste crushing processes and equipment complete the crushing operation on various mixed wastes, it is often difficult to efficiently and accurately achieve the automatic sorting of different components in the waste at the same time;

[0004] Taking common mixed wastes such as electronic waste, construction waste and industrial production scraps as an example, after these wastes are crushed by a crusher, they will form a complex mixture containing various materials and forms. Among them, due to its high strength, high ductility and good electrical and thermal conductivity, etc., the metal material may remain in a relatively complete block form during the crushing process, or may be squeezed and torn into flakes or strips of different sizes; while non-metal materials such as plastics, ceramics and glasses are extremely easy to break into small fragments and powders under the strong crushing force of the crusher. The particle sizes of these fragment powders are different, ranging from barely visible tiny particles to almost indistinguishable fine dust to the naked eye; in addition, there may also be some particulate substances with a certain particle size range, which may be the products after the crushing of some composite materials, or the components originally existing in the waste in particulate form;

[0005] However, existing waste classification technologies have exposed many limitations when faced with such complex mixtures after crushing. On the one hand, traditional mechanical screening methods, such as screening with sieves of different apertures, can initially separate some substances according to particle size, but they are often unable to accurately distinguish metal materials from other materials in terms of particle size overlap, resulting in the mixing of metal and non-metal fragments and powders, and poor classification results. On the other hand, classification technologies based on magnetic, density or optical properties can identify and separate some metal materials or specific components to a certain extent, but these technologies usually require special debugging and optimization for specific waste types, and have poor versatility. In addition, the accuracy and efficiency of identification and separation of extremely small fragments and powders and particles of various shapes will be greatly reduced.

[0006] Therefore, the development of an advanced technology and equipment that can quickly, accurately and automatically classify metal materials, fragments, powders and particles after waste crushing is of vital practical significance and broad application prospects for improving waste recycling rates, reducing processing costs, reducing environmental pollution and promoting the development of a circular economy. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the existing problems, the present invention provides an automatic classification and crushing mechanism, which can effectively solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] An automatic classification and crushing mechanism comprises: a device body; a first driving member is installed at one end of the device body;

[0010] A metal collecting mechanism, which is arranged inside the device body and is used for metal removal, and comprises a material discharge slope block, a magnetic surface is installed on the upper end of the material discharge slope block, and a machine box is installed at one end of the device body;

[0011] The automatic screening mechanism is arranged inside the device body and is used for screening crushed materials; the automatic screening mechanism comprises a built-in plate, and a third driving member is installed inside the built-in plate.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: one end of the chassis is drivingly connected to a second driving member, and one end of the second driving member is connected to a clamping column.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the outer side of the clamping column is sleeved with a swing tooth, and the lower end of the swing tooth is transmission-connected with a crossbar ruler column.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: A push block is installed at one end of the cross bar ruler column, an aggregate box is installed inside the device main body, and a pumping box is inserted inside the aggregate box.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: The upper end of the third driving member is drivingly connected to a lower turntable, and an upper runner is inserted into the upper end of the lower turntable.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: The upper end of the lower turntable is connected to an elastic member, and the upper end of the upper runner is connected to a vibrating plate.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: The upper end of the vibrating plate is connected to a bottom layer blanking plate, and the upper end of the bottom layer blanking plate is connected to an upper layer screening pendulum.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: The outer surface of the clamping column is slidably matched with the upper end of the pendulum tooth, and the lower end of the pendulum tooth is matched with the cross bar ruler column.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: The bottom of the push block is attached to the outer surface of the magnetic attraction surface, and the bottom of the pumping box is attached to the inner wall of the aggregate box.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention: One end of the first driving member is drivingly connected to a first pulley, a transmission belt is sleeved outside the first pulley, a second pulley is movably connected inside the transmission belt, and one end of the second pulley is drivingly connected to a crushing tooth.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: By installing a first driving member at one end of the device main body, after starting the first driving member, it drives the first pulley to rotate. Through the transmission belt outside the first pulley, the second pulley is drivingly connected, so that the crushing tooth at one end of the second pulley rotates and fits with the inner wall of the device main body to perform the crushing work;

[0022] By installing a metal collection mechanism inside the device main body, the crushed waste slides down along the slope of the blanking slope block. A magnetic attraction surface is installed on the upper surface of the blanking slope block. Through the magnetic attraction of the magnetic attraction surface, the metal in the waste is adsorbed on the upper end of the magnetic attraction surface. By installing a chassis at one end of the device main body, through the rotation of the second driving member inside the chassis, the clamping column is clamped in the slot at the upper end of the pendulum tooth, so that the clamping column slides to drive the pendulum tooth to swing. Through the meshing of the tooth surface at the bottom of the pendulum tooth and the tooth surface at the upper end of the cross bar ruler column, the cross bar ruler column drives the push block to push horizontally back and forth, thereby pushing the metal adsorbed on the magnetic attraction surface into the pumping box inside the aggregate box for collection. Just pull out the pumping box when it is full, thus realizing the effect of the first step of metal classification;

[0023] Meanwhile, an automatic screening mechanism is installed inside the device main body. The waste materials after the first-step metal classification treatment fall onto the upper end of the upper screening pendulum. A third driving member is installed inside the built-in plate at the lower end thereof. After starting the third driving member, it drives the lower turntable to rotate. An upper runner is inserted at the upper end of the lower turntable. The upper end of the designed upper runner is connected to a vibrating plate to move. With the elastic effect of the elastic member, it drives the bottom material discharging plate at the upper end of the vibrating plate to oscillate. Thus, large particles are drawn into the interior of the first collection box from the upper screening pendulum, and the powdery waste materials slide into the interior of the second collection box through the bottom material discharging plate after being screened by the upper screening pendulum, thereby achieving the effect of classifying the waste materials in the second step. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic classification and crushing mechanism;

[0025] Figure 2 It is an exploded structural diagram of an automatic classification and crushing mechanism;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a metal collection structure in an automatic classification and crushing mechanism;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic screening mechanism in an automatic classification and crushing mechanism;

[0028] Figure 5 It is an exploded side view structural diagram of a screening mechanism in an automatic classification and crushing mechanism;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic top view structural diagram of a device in an automatic classification and crushing mechanism.

[0030] In the figure: 1. Device main body; 12. First driving member; 13. First pulley; 14. Transmission belt; 15. Second pulley; 16. Crushing teeth; 2. Metal collection mechanism; 21. Feeding slope block; 22. Magnetic attraction surface; 23. Machine case; 24. Second driving member; 25. Clamping post; 26. Oscillating teeth; 27. Cross bar scale post; 28. Pushing block; 29. Aggregate box; 208. Drawer box; 3. Automatic screening mechanism; 31. Built-in plate; 32. Third driving member; 33. Lower turntable; 34. Upper runner; 35. Elastic member; 36. Vibrating plate; 37. Bottom material discharging plate; 38. Upper screening pendulum; 307. First collection box; 308. Second collection box. Detailed Implementation Modes

[0031] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] Combined with Figures 1 to 6 Describing this embodiment, this embodiment provides an automatic classification and crushing mechanism, including: a device main body 1; a first driving member 12 is installed at one end of the device main body 1; one end of the first driving member 12 is drivingly connected to a first pulley 13, a transmission belt 14 is sleeved outside the first pulley 13, a second pulley 15 is movably connected inside the transmission belt 14, and one end of the second pulley 15 is drivingly connected to a crushing tooth 16; in the overall structure of the waste treatment device, the device main body 1 serves as the core load-bearing and working component, and the reasonable design of its driving and transmission systems is crucial for realizing the efficient crushing function. At one end of the device main body 1, the first driving member 12 is firmly installed by mechanical connection methods such as bolt fastening and welding. The first driving member 12 usually selects a motor with stable power output characteristics, and its power, speed and other parameters are accurately selected and configured according to the actual working conditions such as the type, hardness and processing volume of the waste to ensure sufficient and suitable power can be provided during subsequent operation;

[0033] When the first driving member 12 is started, the internal electromagnetic field interacts with components such as the rotor and stator, efficiently converting electrical energy into mechanical energy, driving the output shaft to perform rotational motion around its central axis. The output shaft and the first pulley 13 are rigidly connected by reliable methods such as key connection and expansion sleeve connection. When the output shaft rotates, it will directly drive the first pulley 13 to rotate synchronously. The first pulley 13, as the driving pulley of the transmission system, has a groove structure machined on its outer circumferential surface that matches the transmission belt 14 to increase the friction with the transmission belt 14 and ensure the stability and efficiency of power transmission;

[0034] The transmission belt 14 is made of a rubber material or composite material with a certain strength, flexibility and wear resistance. The inner surface of the transmission belt 14 is also machined with a tooth-shaped or textured structure that matches the grooves of the first pulley 13 and the second pulley 15. The transmission belt 14 is tightly sleeved outside the first pulley 13 and the second pulley 15. Based on the principle of friction drive, when the first pulley 13 rotates, the friction between it and the transmission belt 14 will drive the transmission belt 14 to operate. At the same time, the transmission belt 14 transmits the power to the second pulley 15, causing the second pulley 15 to rotate accordingly;

[0035] The second pulley 15 is a driven wheel of the transmission system, one end of which is rotatably connected to the device body 1 through bearings, bearing seats and other components to ensure that it can rotate smoothly during power transmission. The other end of the second pulley 15 is reliably connected to the driving shaft of the crushing tooth 16 through a coupling and other connecting parts. When the second pulley 15 rotates, it drives the crushing tooth 16 to rotate around its driving shaft.

[0036] The crushing teeth 16 are made of high-strength, high-wear-resistant alloy steel and other materials. Their shape, size and arrangement are carefully designed and optimized to meet the crushing needs of different types of waste. During the rotation process, the tooth surface of the crushing teeth 16 is kept in close contact with the inner wall of the device body 1. Through the relative movement between the two, shearing, extrusion, impact and other forces are applied to the waste entering the device body 1. These forces work together to destroy the structure of the waste, thereby achieving efficient and stable crushing work, laying the foundation for subsequent classification and processing processes;

[0037] The metal collecting mechanism 2 is arranged inside the device body 1 for metal removal. The metal collecting mechanism 2 includes a material discharge slope block 21. A magnetic surface 22 is installed on the upper end of the material discharge slope block 21. A machine box 23 is installed at one end of the device body 1:

[0038] First, one end of the chassis 23 is connected to the second driving member 24, one end of the second driving member 24 is connected to the clamping column 25, the outer side of the clamping column 25 is sleeved with a swing tooth 26, and the lower end of the swing tooth 26 is connected to the crossbar ruler column 27;

[0039] A push block 28 is installed at one end of the crossbar ruler column 27, and a material collection box 29 is installed inside the device body 1, and a draw box 208 is inserted inside the material collection box 29.

[0040] The outer surface of the clamping column 25 is slidably matched with the upper end of the swing tooth 26, the lower end of the swing tooth 26 is matched with the cross bar ruler column 27, the bottom of the push block 28 is in contact with the outer surface of the magnetic surface 22, and the bottom of the draw box 208 is in contact with the inner wall of the collection box 29.

[0041] In the system architecture of the waste treatment device, in order to achieve effective separation and collection of metal components in the crushed waste, a metal collection mechanism 2 is rationally planned and installed inside the device body 1. The overall layout of the mechanism follows the waste treatment process and space utilization principles to ensure that each component works in coordination and does not interfere with each other, so as to efficiently complete the metal classification task;

[0042] After being broken, the waste materials slide smoothly downward along the preset slope direction of the blanking slope block 21 by the action of gravity and the diversion structure inside the device. The blanking slope block 21 is made of high-strength and wear-resistant metal or composite materials, and its surface is smooth-treated to reduce the frictional resistance during the sliding of the waste materials and avoid the retention of waste materials. To achieve the precise adsorption of metal components in the waste materials, a magnetic adsorption surface 22 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the blanking slope block 21 by means of bolt fastening, gluing, magnetic attraction, etc.;

[0043] The magnetic adsorption surface 22 is made of a high-performance permanent magnetic material, such as a neodymium iron boron magnet, etc. It has characteristics such as high remanence, high coercivity, and high intrinsic coercivity, and can generate a stable and strong magnetic field in the working area. Parameters such as the magnetic field strength and distribution range of the magnetic adsorption surface 22 are precisely designed according to factors such as the type, content, and particle size of the metal in the waste materials to ensure that the metal components in the waste materials can be effectively adsorbed while avoiding excessive adsorption or interference with non-metallic waste materials. When the waste materials containing metal slide over the magnetic adsorption surface 22, the metal particles in the waste materials are firmly adsorbed on the upper end surface of the magnetic adsorption surface 22 under the action of the magnetic field force, overcoming their own gravity, the friction between the waste materials, and other external forces, realizing the preliminary separation of metal and non-metallic waste materials;

[0044] To achieve the automatic collection of metal, a chassis 23 is fixedly installed at one end of the device main body 1 by means of welding, bolt connection, etc. The chassis 23 is designed with a sealed structure and has good dust-proof, waterproof, and anti-corrosion performance, which can effectively protect the internal driving components from the influence of external environmental factors and ensure the long-term stable operation of the equipment. A second driving member 24 is installed inside the chassis 23. The second driving member 24 usually selects a power source such as a small motor or an electric push rod, and its parameters such as power, rotation speed, and stroke are reasonably selected according to the working requirements of the metal collection mechanism to provide precise and reliable power output;

[0045] When the second driving member 24 is started, its output shaft rotates or moves linearly according to the preset motion mode. In the transmission structure design, the output motion of the second driving member 24 is converted into the linear sliding motion of the clamping column 25 through specific mechanical connection methods such as couplings, lead screw nut pairs, etc. The clamping column 25 is made of high-strength and high-hardness metal materials, and its surface is smooth-treated to reduce the friction and wear with the mating components. The clamping column 25 is clamped inside the slot at the upper end of the swing tooth 26, and the shape and size of the slot are adapted to the clamping column 25 to ensure a reliable transmission and cooperation relationship between the two;

[0046] When the clamping post 25 slides linearly under the drive of the second driving member 24, due to the constraint of the slotted opening on the clamping post 25, it will drive the swing tooth 26 to swing around its fixed axis. The swing tooth 26 is made of a metal material with a certain stiffness and toughness, and its shape is optimized to ensure stable power transmission during the swinging process. The bottom of the swing tooth 26 is designed with a tooth surface structure, which meshes with the tooth surface at the upper end of the crossbar ruler post 27 to form a gear-rack transmission pair. The gear-rack transmission pair has the advantages of accurate transmission ratio, high transmission efficiency, large load-bearing capacity, etc., and can effectively convert the swinging motion of the swing tooth 26 into the linear motion of the crossbar ruler post 27;

[0047] The crossbar ruler post 27 is made of a high-strength and lightweight metal material, and its surface is treated with anti-corrosion to improve its service life. One end of the crossbar ruler post 27 is fixedly connected to the push block 28 by welding, bolt connection or other means. When the crossbar ruler post 27 moves horizontally back and forth linearly under the action of the gear-rack transmission pair, it will drive the push block 28 to move synchronously. The push block 28 is made of wear-resistant and impact-resistant materials, and its shape matches the magnetic adsorption surface 22 and the opening size of the aggregate box 29, and can ensure that the metal adsorbed on the magnetic adsorption surface 22 is accurately and efficiently pushed into the extraction box 208 inside the aggregate box 29 during the movement;

[0048] The aggregate box 29 is designed with a detachable structure, and its internal space is reasonably planned according to the metal collection amount and the processing cycle. The extraction box 208, as an important part of the aggregate box 29, is slidably connected to the main body of the aggregate box 29 through a guiding mechanism such as a guide rail and a slider, which is convenient for the operator to perform the pulling operation quickly and conveniently. When the extraction box 208 is full of metal, the operator only needs to perform a simple pulling action to pull out the extraction box 208 from the aggregate box 29 for subsequent processing of the collected metal, such as recycling or further classification, etc. Thus, through the coordinated work of the various components of the metal collection mechanism 2, the first effective classification and collection of the metal components in the crushed waste are realized, providing convenience for the subsequent waste treatment process.

[0049] Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown in

[0050] In the overall architecture design of the waste treatment device, in order to achieve refined classification of waste, an automatic screening mechanism 3 is reasonably planned and installed inside the device main body 1. This mechanism is closely connected to the previous metal collection mechanism 2. Through scientific structural layout and collaborative working mechanism, the waste treatment efficiency and classification accuracy are further improved;

[0051] After the waste is classified by metal, under the action of gravity and the guidance of the diversion structure inside the device, it accurately falls onto the upper surface of the upper screening pendulum 38. The upper screening pendulum 38 is made of high-strength and wear-resistant metal material. It is arranged in an inclined shape as a whole. The inclination angle is precisely designed according to the physical properties of the waste such as particle size distribution and fluidity to ensure that the waste can slide smoothly and be effectively screened. To realize the function of oscillating drive for the upper screening pendulum 38, an inner plate 31 is fixedly installed at its lower end by reliable methods such as welding and bolt connection. The inner plate 31, as a bearing and transmission component, has good structural strength and stability, and can effectively protect the internal drive components and transmit power;

[0052] The inner plate 31 adopts a compact and efficient design scheme inside, and a third drive member 32 is installed. The third drive member 32 is usually selected as a small motor or a reduction motor. Its parameters such as power and speed are accurately selected according to the key indicators such as the load requirement, oscillation frequency and amplitude of the upper screening pendulum 38 to provide stable and reliable power output. When the third drive member 32 is started, its output shaft rotates around the central axis. The output shaft and the lower turntable 33 are connected by rigid connection methods such as key connection and expansion sleeve connection to realize power transmission, thereby driving the lower turntable 33 to rotate synchronously;

[0053] The lower turntable 33 is made of high-strength metal material, and its surface is processed precisely to ensure the matching accuracy with the upper runner 34. The upper end of the lower turntable 33 is connected to the upper runner 34 by an insertion method. The insertion structure adopts clearance fit or transition fit, and is supplemented with positioning and anti-loosening devices such as positioning pins and circlips to ensure that the two can move relative to each other and have sufficient connection strength. The upper runner 34, as a transmission conversion component, its structural design fully considers the requirements of motion transmission and energy conversion. The upper end is movably connected to the vibrating plate 36 through specific connection structures such as ball joints and universal joints. This movable connection method allows the upper runner 34 to drive the vibrating plate 36 to perform complex multi-directional movements during rotation, creating conditions for subsequent oscillating screening;

[0054] To optimize the motion characteristics of the vibrating plate 36 and improve the screening efficiency and stability, elastic members 35 are reasonably arranged between the upper rotating wheel 34 and the vibrating plate 36, and between the vibrating plate 36 and the fixed support structure. The elastic members 35 are selected from rubber springs or metal helical springs with high elasticity and fatigue resistance. Their elastic coefficient, stiffness and other parameters are accurately calculated and selected according to the dynamic requirements during the screening process. Driven by the third driving member 32, the rotational cooperation of the lower turntable 33 and the upper rotating wheel 34 and the elastic action of the elastic members 35 cause the vibrating plate 36 to generate periodic oscillating motion. The elastic members 35 can not only absorb and release energy, buffer the impact force during the motion process, but also adjust the oscillation frequency and amplitude of the vibrating plate 36 to ensure the smooth and efficient progress of the screening process;

[0055] The vibrating plate 36 is made of high-strength and lightweight metal plates, and its surface is treated with anti-corrosion to extend its service life. The upper end of the vibrating plate 36 is fixedly installed with the bottom layer blanking plate 37 by welding, bolt connection or other means. The bottom layer blanking plate 37 is closely attached to the vibrating plate 36 to jointly form a channel for waste screening and conveying. The material and surface treatment method of the bottom layer blanking plate 37 are adapted to those of the vibrating plate 36, with good wear resistance and smoothness to ensure that the waste can slide smoothly. When the vibrating plate 36 performs oscillating motion, it will drive the bottom layer blanking plate 37 to oscillate synchronously. This oscillating action causes the waste on the upper layer screening pendulum 38 to produce throwing, loosening and other motion states, accelerating the separation process of large particle waste and powdery waste;

[0056] Due to the different motion characteristics of waste with different particle sizes under the oscillating action, large particle waste, due to its large mass and strong inertia, is difficult to pass through the sieve holes of the upper layer screening pendulum 38 during the oscillation process, and will slide down along the inclined surface of the upper layer screening pendulum 38 and finally fall into the designated collection area marked as the first collection box 307 here. The collection area of the first collection box 307 is designed in a funnel shape or a box shape, which is convenient for the centralized collection and subsequent treatment of large particle waste. And powdery waste, due to its small particle size and light weight, can smoothly pass through the sieve holes of the upper layer screening pendulum 38 during the oscillation process and slide down to another designated collection area marked as the second collection box 308 here. The collection area of the second collection box 308 is also designed with a reasonable structure to ensure that the powdery waste can be effectively collected without secondary pollution;

[0057] Through the coordinated work of the various components of the above-mentioned automatic screening mechanism 3, the second effective classification of waste with different particle size components is realized. This classification method not only improves the recycling rate of waste, but also provides convenience for subsequent targeted treatment such as reprocessing and resource utilization of waste with different particle sizes, further improving the overall function of the waste treatment device;

[0058] The working principle of the present invention is: the working principle of the crushing mechanism

[0059] In the waste treatment device, a first driving member 12 is fixedly installed at one end of the device main body 1. When the first driving member 12 is started, its output shaft begins to rotate, and then drives the directly connected first pulley 13 to rotate synchronously. The first pulley 13 and the second pulley 15 are in a transmission connection relationship through a transmission belt 14 sleeved on the outside thereof. Based on the friction transmission principle between the pulley and the transmission belt 14, the rotation of the first pulley 13 will drive the transmission belt 14 to operate and drive the second pulley 15 to rotate accordingly. One end of the second pulley 15 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the crushing teeth 16. When the second pulley 15 rotates, it will drive the crushing teeth 16 to rotate around its drive shaft. During the rotation of the crushing teeth 16, their tooth surfaces are kept in close contact with the inner wall of the device main body 1. Through the relative movement between the crushing teeth 16 and the inner wall of the device main body 1, shear, extrusion, impact and other forces are applied to the waste entering the interior of the device main body 1, so as to realize the crushing treatment of the waste.

[0060] Working principle of the metal collection mechanism

[0061] To effectively separate and collect the metal in the crushed waste, a metal collection mechanism 2 is installed at a reasonable position inside the device main body 1. The crushed waste will slide down along the slope direction of the preset blanking slope block 21. A magnetic adsorption surface 22 is installed on the upper surface of the blanking slope block 21. The magnetic adsorption surface 22 is made of a material with strong magnetism and can generate a stable magnetic field. When the waste containing metal components slides over the magnetic adsorption surface 22, the metal components in the waste will be attracted by the magnetic force under the action of the magnetic field of the magnetic adsorption surface 22, so as to overcome their own gravity and other acting forces and be adsorbed on the upper end surface of the magnetic adsorption surface 22;

[0062] To achieve the automatic collection of metals, a chassis 23 is fixedly installed at one end of the device main body 1. A second driving member 24 is installed inside the chassis 23. When the second driving member 24 is started, its output shaft begins to rotate. The output shaft of the second driving member 24 is fixedly connected to a clamping post 25. Through a transmission mechanism, the rotational motion is converted into a linear sliding motion of the clamping post 25. The clamping post 25 is clamped inside a slot at the upper end of a swinging tooth 26. When the clamping post 25 performs a linear sliding motion, it will drive the swinging tooth 26 to generate a swinging motion through its cooperation with the slot. The bottom of the swinging tooth 26 is designed with a tooth surface structure, and this tooth surface meshes with the tooth surface at the upper end of a cross bar ruler post 27. When the swinging tooth 26 swings, its tooth surface and the tooth surface at the upper end of the cross bar ruler post 27 undergo relative motion, thereby driving the cross bar ruler post 27 to perform a horizontal reciprocating linear motion. One end of the cross bar ruler post 27 is fixedly connected to a pushing block 28. When the cross bar ruler post 27 performs a horizontal reciprocating motion, it will drive the pushing block 28 to perform a reciprocating pushing action synchronously. During the reciprocating pushing process of the pushing block 28, the metals adsorbed on the magnetic adsorption surface 22 will be pushed into a drawer 208 inside an aggregate box 29. When the drawer 208 is filled with metals, the operator can pull out the drawer 208 from the aggregate box 29 in a pulling manner, so as to perform subsequent processing on the collected metals, thereby completing the first-step classification and collection work of the metal components in the waste materials;

[0063] Working principle of the automatic screening mechanism

[0064] After the metal classification and treatment are completed, the remaining waste materials will fall onto the upper end of an upper screening swing 38 of the automatic screening mechanism 3. An inner plate 31 of the automatic screening mechanism 3 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the upper screening swing 38. A third driving member 32 is installed inside the inner plate 31. When the third driving member 32 is started, its output shaft begins to rotate and drives a lower turntable 33 directly connected thereto to rotate synchronously. An upper runner 34 is inserted into the upper end of the lower turntable 33. The upper runner 34 and the lower turntable 33 are synchronously rotated or relatively moved through a specific transmission structure such as spline connection, etc. The upper end of the upper runner 34 is movably connected to a vibration plate 36. When the upper runner 34 is driven by the lower turntable 33 to rotate, it will drive the vibration plate 36 to move through the connection structure with the vibration plate 36;

[0065] To ensure the smoothness of the motion of the vibration plate 36 and achieve a specific oscillation effect, an elastic member 35 is installed between the vibration plate 36 and relevant fixed structures. The elastic member 35 has good elasticity and recovery ability, and can provide elastic support and buffering effects during the motion of the vibration plate 36. Driven by the third driving member 32, the rotational cooperation of the lower turntable 33 and the upper runner 34 and the elastic effect of the elastic member 35 will drive the vibration plate 36 to generate a periodic oscillation motion. A bottom layer blanking plate 37 is installed at the upper end of the vibration plate 36, and the bottom layer blanking plate 37 is fixedly connected to the vibration plate 36. When the vibration plate 36 oscillates, it will drive the bottom layer blanking plate 37 to oscillate synchronously;

[0066] During the oscillation process, due to the different movement characteristics of waste materials with different particle sizes under the action of oscillation, large-particle waste materials will slide down along the inclined surface of the upper screening pendulum 38 to the designated collection area, marked here as the first collection box 307, due to their relatively large self-gravity and inertia. Powdered waste materials, due to their small particle size and light weight, can pass through the sieve holes of the upper screening pendulum 38 and slide down to another designated collection area, marked here as the second collection box 308, along with the oscillation of the lower material discharging plate 37, thus achieving the second-step classification effect of different particle size components in the waste materials.

[0067] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0068] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic classification and crushing mechanism, characterized in that: Including: A device main body (1); a first driving member (12) is installed at one end of the device main body (1); A metal collection mechanism (2), the metal collection mechanism (2) is arranged inside the device main body (1) for metal removal, the metal collection mechanism (2) includes a blanking slope block (21), a magnetic adsorption surface (22) is installed at the upper end of the blanking slope block (21), and a machine box (23) is installed at one end of the device main body (1); An automatic screening mechanism (3), the automatic screening mechanism (3) is arranged inside the device main body (1) for screening crushed materials; the automatic screening mechanism (3) includes a built-in plate (31), and a third driving member (32) is installed inside the built-in plate (31).

2. The automatic classification and crushing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the machine box (23) is drivingly connected to a second driving member (24), and one end of the second driving member (24) is connected to a clamping column (25).

3. An automatic classification and crushing mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A swing tooth (26) is sleeved outside the clamping column (25), and a cross bar ruler column (27) is drivingly connected to the lower end of the swing tooth (26).

4. The automatic classification and crushing mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: A push block (28) is installed at one end of the cross bar ruler column (27), an aggregate box (29) is installed inside the device main body (1), and a drawing box (208) is inserted inside the aggregate box (29).

5. An automatic classification and crushing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the third driving member (32) is drivingly connected to a lower turntable (33), and an upper runner (34) is inserted at the upper end of the lower turntable (33).

6. The automatic classification and crushing mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: An elastic member (35) is connected to the upper end of the lower turntable (33), and a vibration plate (36) is connected to the upper end of the upper runner (34).

7. An automatic classification and crushing mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper end of the vibration plate (36) is connected to a bottom layer blanking plate (37), and an upper layer screening swing (38) is connected to the upper end of the bottom layer blanking plate (37).

8. An automatic classification and crushing mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of the clamping column (25) is slidably matched with the upper end of the swing tooth (26), and the lower end of the swing tooth (26) is matched with the cross bar ruler column (27).

9. The automatic classification and crushing mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the push block (28) is attached to the outer surface of the magnetic adsorption surface (22), and the bottom of the drawing box (208) is attached to the inner wall of the aggregate box (29).

10. The automatic classification and crushing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the first driving member (12) is drivingly connected to a first pulley (13), a transmission belt (14) is sleeved outside the first pulley (13), a second pulley (15) is movably connected inside the transmission belt (14), and a crushing tooth (16) is drivingly connected to one end of the second pulley (15).

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