Composite film and preparation method thereof, barrier film, vacuum insulation panel and application of vacuum insulation panel

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite membrane. The composite membrane comprises a macromolecular base membrane; the heat insulation layer comprises a polyvinyl alcohol matrix and aerogel powder dispersed in the polyvinyl alcohol matrix. The polyvinyl alcohol and the aerogel powder are compounded to form the heat insulation layer, and the aerogel powder can be uniformly dispersed into the polyvinyl alcohol matrix, so that the heat insulation layer can have the characteristic of low heat conductivity of an aerogel material, and the heat conductivity of the composite film is relatively low; the composite film is applied to a barrier film of a vacuum insulated panel, and the technical problem that the thermal conductivity of the barrier film is too high can be effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to thermal insulation materials, and particularly to vacuum thermal insulation materials. Background Art

[0002] A vacuum insulation panel is a product composed of a vacuum insulation core material and a highly airtight barrier film. The barrier film forms a containment space, usually at low pressure, to hold the vacuum insulation panel. The rigidity of the vacuum insulation panel itself can resist atmospheric pressure and support this containment space. Due to the low air pressure and few air molecules in the containment space, and the fact that the vacuum insulation core material can also hinder the movement of its own molecules, this effectively avoids heat transfer caused by air convection and greatly reduces the thermal conductivity. Vacuum insulation panels are widely used in cold chain equipment, building exterior wall insulation, refrigerated containers, medical insulation boxes and other fields.

[0003] The barrier film is a barrier that prevents the vacuum insulation panel from exchanging gas and moisture with the outside world, which can ensure the vacuum degree inside the vacuum insulation panel and maintain the stability of the performance of the vacuum insulation panel. The barrier film is generally a composite film of a polymer material film and an aluminum film. The polymer material film provides basic mechanical strength, high flexibility and certain gas and water barrier properties, while the aluminum film can provide strong gas and water barrier properties. The barrier film is generally made into a bag body by heat-sealing the edges through a heat-meltable adhesive material (i.e., heat-sealing material) by heat treatment (this process is abbreviated as heat-sealing). After the internal space of the bag body is evacuated, the vacuum insulation core material is loaded.

[0004] Although the barrier film includes a polymer material film with a relatively low thermal conductivity, the presence of the aluminum film and the physical properties of the barrier film itself still make the electrical conductivity of the barrier film much higher than the overall thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation panel. This further leads to the easy generation of a thermal bridge effect at the four peripheral edges of the vacuum insulation panel, thus affecting the heat insulation performance of the vacuum insulation panel. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a composite film and its preparation method, a barrier film, a vacuum insulation panel and its application to solve the technical problem of the too high thermal conductivity of the barrier film.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a composite film, which includes:

[0007] A polymer base film;

[0008] A heat insulation layer, where the heat insulation layer includes a polyvinyl alcohol matrix and aerogel powder dispersed in the polyvinyl alcohol matrix.

[0009] The composite film provided by the embodiment of the present application forms a heat insulation layer by compounding polyvinyl alcohol and aerogel powder. The aerogel powder can be evenly dispersed into the polyvinyl alcohol matrix, so that the heat insulation layer can have the low thermal conductivity characteristic of the aerogel material, thereby making the thermal conductivity of the composite film relatively low. The composite film is applied to the barrier film of a vacuum insulation panel, which can effectively improve the technical problem of too high thermal conductivity of the barrier film.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the polymer base film is polyethylene terephthalate; and / or,

[0011] The thickness of the polymer base film is 8-25 μm; and / or,

[0012] The thickness of the heat insulation layer is 10-100 nm.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the aerogel powder is at least one of silica, alumina, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, copper oxide, and graphene.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, in the heat insulation layer, the mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol to the aerogel powder is 100:1-5.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, the heat insulation layer further includes a plasticizer.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the composite film further includes an aluminum layer, and the aluminum layer is disposed on the heat insulation layer.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the aluminum layer is 10-100 nm.

[0018] In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a preparation method of a composite film. The preparation method includes the following steps:

[0019] Provide a polyvinyl alcohol solution, add aerogel powder to the polyvinyl alcohol solution and mix well to obtain a mixed solution;

[0020] Provide a polymer base film, and coat the mixed solution on the polymer base film;

[0021] Remove the solvent of the mixed solution to form a heat insulation layer of the mixed solution on the base film, and obtain the composite film.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the polymer base film is polyethylene terephthalate; and / or,

[0023] The thickness of the polymer base film is 8-25 μm; and / or,

[0024] The thickness of the heat insulation layer is 10 to 100 nm.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the aerogel powder is at least one of silica, alumina, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, copper oxide, and graphene.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present application, the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 0.01 to 0.1 g / mL; and / or,

[0027] In the mixture, the mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol to the aerogel powder is 100:1 to 5.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present application, the aerogel powder is added to the polyvinyl alcohol solution and mixed well, and a plasticizer is also added to the polyvinyl alcohol solution.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present application, the preparation method further includes the following steps:

[0030] An aluminum layer is prepared on the heat insulation layer.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the aluminum layer is 10 to 100 nm.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present application, the aluminum layer is prepared by a vacuum aluminizing process.

[0033] Fourthly, an embodiment of the present application provides a barrier film, which includes the composite film described in any embodiment of the first aspect, or the composite film prepared by the preparation method described in any embodiment of the second aspect.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, the barrier film includes a polymer material layer, an aluminum barrier layer, and the composite film.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the polymer material layer includes at least one of nylon, polyester, polyvinylidene chloride, and polyethylene.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present application, the barrier film includes, arranged in a stacked manner:

[0037] A first polymer material layer;

[0038] A second polymer material layer;

[0039] A first aluminum barrier layer;

[0040] The composite film;

[0041] A third polymer material layer;

[0042] A second aluminum barrier layer;

[0043] The fourth polymer material layer;

[0044] The third aluminum barrier layer;

[0045] The fifth polymer material layer.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the first polymer material layer is polyethylene; and / or,

[0047] the material of the second polymer material layer is polyethylene terephthalate; and / or,

[0048] the material of the third polymer material layer is polyethylene terephthalate; and / or,

[0049] the material of the fourth polymer material layer is polyethylene terephthalate; and / or,

[0050] the material of the fifth polymer material layer is nylon.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the first polymer material layer is 10 - 20 μm; and / or,

[0052] the thickness of the second polymer material layer is 10 - 20 μm; and / or,

[0053] the thickness of the first aluminum barrier layer is 10 - 100 nm; and / or,

[0054] the thickness of the third polymer material layer is 10 - 20 μm; and / or,

[0055] the thickness of the second aluminum barrier layer is 10 - 100 nm; and / or,

[0056] the thickness of the fourth polymer material layer is 10 - 20 μm; and / or,

[0057] the thickness of the third aluminum barrier layer is 10 - 100 nm; and / or,

[0058] the thickness of the fifth polymer material layer is 10 - 20 μm.

[0059] Fourthly, an embodiment of the present application provides a vacuum insulation panel, and the vacuum insulation panel includes the barrier film according to any one of the embodiments of the third aspect.

[0060] Fifthly, an embodiment of the present application provides an application of a vacuum insulation panel. The vacuum insulation panel is the vacuum insulation panel according to any one of the embodiments of the fourth aspect, and the vacuum insulation panel is applied to a refrigeration device or a heat preservation device. Description of the Drawings

[0061] The accompanying drawings here are incorporated into the specification and form a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present application, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present application.

[0062] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0063] Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of the composite film provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of the barrier film provided by the embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0065] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0066] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the terms used herein should be understood as having the meanings commonly used in the art. Therefore, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as the general understanding of those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs. In case of conflict, this specification prevails.

[0067] Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, and equipment used in the present application can all be obtained through market purchases or can be prepared by existing methods.

[0068] There is a technical problem that the thermal conductivity of the barrier film in existing vacuum insulation panels is too high.

[0069] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application to solve the above technical problems are generally as follows:

[0070] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a composite film. Please refer to Figure 1 , the composite film includes:

[0071] A polymer base film 11;

[0072] A heat insulation layer 12, where the heat insulation layer 12 includes a polyvinyl alcohol matrix and aerogel powder dispersed in the polyvinyl alcohol matrix.

[0073] It is easy to understand that polyvinyl alcohol is a synthetic polymer with excellent chemical resistance, mechanical properties, airtightness, adhesiveness, and film-forming properties. Aerogel is a solid material with extremely low density and high porosity. Due to the low density of aerogel, its thermal conductivity is often extremely low. In addition, polyvinyl alcohol is easily soluble in water, and aerogel powder can be easily dispersed in an aqueous solution, and this process does not involve any organic solvents; while if a polymer that cannot form a solution is selected, the aerogel powder can only be directly mixed into the polymer melt, and the dispersibility is poor.

[0074] In this application, an insulating layer 12 is formed by compounding polyvinyl alcohol and aerogel powder. The aerogel powder can be relatively evenly dispersed in the polyvinyl alcohol matrix, so that the insulating layer 12 can have the low thermal conductivity characteristics of the aerogel material, thereby making the thermal conductivity of the composite film relatively low. The composite film is applied to the barrier film of a vacuum insulation panel, which can effectively improve the technical problem of too high thermal conductivity of the barrier film.

[0075] In some embodiments of this application, the material of the polymer base film 11 is polyethylene terephthalate; and / or,

[0076] the thickness of the polymer base film 11 is 8 - 25 μm; and / or,

[0077] the thickness of the insulating layer 12 is 10 - 100 nm.

[0078] Polyethylene terephthalate (PET for short) is a thermoplastic polyester, generally milky white or light yellow, and can also be made into a transparent material. Polyethylene terephthalate has excellent mechanical properties, high mechanical strength, flexibility, and good fold resistance.

[0079] The beneficial effect of the thickness of the polymer base film 11 being 8 - 25 μm is that it provides relatively high mechanical strength and toughness for the composite film, and at the same time, the composite film can maintain high flexibility.

[0080] The beneficial effect of the thickness of the insulating layer 12 being 10 - 100 nm is that it keeps the thermal conductivity of the composite film at a low level without affecting the mechanical properties of the composite film.

[0081] As an example, the thickness of the polymer base film 11 can be 8 μm, 12 μm, 16 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm.

[0082] As an example, the thickness of the insulating layer 12 can be 10 nm, 20 nm, 40 nm, 60 nm, 80 nm, 100 nm.

[0083] In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the aerogel powder is at least one of silica, alumina, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, copper oxide, and graphene.

[0084] Silica, alumina, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, copper oxide, and graphene are all common aerogel materials, and they can all form porous and low-density aerogel materials. Silica aerogel is the most mature aerogel material at present and is widely used in various heat insulation fields. The porosity of silica aerogel is as high as 80% - 99.8%, the typical size of the pores is 1 - 100 nm, the specific surface area is 200 - 1000 m 2 / g, and the density can be as low as 3 kg / m 3 , and the room temperature thermal conductivity can be as low as 12 mW / (m·K). Alumina aerogel has a nanoporous structure, is light in weight and small in volume, and at the same time has a high porosity, a high specific surface area, and an open texture structure. The pore diameter of zirconium dioxide aerogel is less than the mean free path of air molecules, there is no air convection in the aerogel, the porosity is extremely high, the volume ratio occupied by the solid is very low, and the thermal conductivity is very low, which is suitable for the application of heat insulation products. Aerogel materials such as titanium dioxide aerogel, copper oxide aerogel, and graphene aerogel are also widely used in many fields.

[0085] In some embodiments of the present application, in the heat insulation layer 12, the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the aerogel powder is 100:1 - 5.

[0086] The beneficial effect of the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the aerogel powder being 100:1 - 5 is that while keeping the heat insulation layer 12 having a low thermal conductivity, the heat insulation layer 12 still has a certain forming ability, toughness, and flexibility.

[0087] As an example, the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the aerogel powder is 100:1, 100:2, 100:3, 100:4, 100:5.

[0088] In some embodiments of the present application, the heat insulation layer 12 further includes a plasticizer.

[0089] Polyvinyl alcohol is a common polymer and is widely used in many fields. Its plasticizer can be selected from substances such as glycerol, diglycerol succinate, and polyethylene glycol. The plasticizer has the function of increasing the tensile strength, toughness, flexibility, etc. of polyvinyl alcohol.

[0090] In some embodiments of the present application, the composite film further includes an aluminum layer 13, and the aluminum layer 13 is disposed on the heat insulation layer 12.

[0091] It is easy to understand that setting the aluminum layer 13 on the heat insulation layer 12 can increase the gas barrier and water barrier properties of the composite film.

[0092] In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the aluminum layer 13 is 10 to 100 nm.

[0093] The beneficial effects of the thickness of the aluminum layer 13 being within the above range are that it can not only ensure that the barrier film has high sealing performance, but also enable the barrier film to have high flexibility.

[0094] As an example, the thickness of the aluminum layer 13 can be 10 nm, 20 nm, 40 nm, 60 nm, 80 nm, 100 nm.

[0095] Second, embodiments of the present application provide a method for preparing a composite film, and the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0096] S1: Provide a polyvinyl alcohol solution, add aerogel powder to the polyvinyl alcohol solution and mix well to obtain a mixed solution;

[0097] S2: Provide a polymer base film 11, and coat the mixed solution onto the polymer base film 11;

[0098] S3: Remove the solvent of the mixed solution to form a heat-insulating layer 12 on the base film, thereby obtaining the composite film.

[0099] It is easy to understand that the method for removing the solvent of the mixed solution can be drying, air-drying, etc.

[0100] In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the polymer base film 11 is polyethylene terephthalate; and / or,

[0101] the thickness of the polymer base film 11 is 8 to 25 μm; and / or,

[0102] the thickness of the heat-insulating layer 12 is 10 to 100 nm.

[0103] Polyethylene terephthalate (PET for short) is a thermoplastic polyester, generally milky white or light yellow, and can also be made into a transparent material. Polyethylene terephthalate has excellent mechanical properties, high mechanical strength, flexibility, and good folding resistance.

[0104] The beneficial effects of the thickness of the polymer base film 11 being 8 to 25 μm are that it provides the composite film with relatively high mechanical strength and toughness, and at the same time the composite film can maintain high flexibility.

[0105] The beneficial effects of the thickness of the heat-insulating layer 12 being 10 to 100 nm are that it keeps the thermal conductivity of the composite film at a low level and does not affect the mechanical properties of the composite film.

[0106] As an example, the thickness of the polymer-based film 11 can be 8 μm, 12 μm, 16 μm, 20 μm, or 25 μm.

[0107] As an example, the thickness of the heat insulation layer 12 can be 10 nm, 20 nm, 40 nm, 60 nm, 80 nm, or 100 nm.

[0108] In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the aerogel powder is at least one of silica, alumina, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, copper oxide, and graphene.

[0109] Silica, alumina, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, copper oxide, and graphene are all common aerogel materials and can all form porous and low-density aerogel materials. Silica aerogel is currently the most mature aerogel material and is widely used in various heat insulation fields. The porosity of silica aerogel is as high as 80% - 99.8%, the typical size of the pores is 1 - 100 nm, the specific surface area is 200 - 1000 m 2 / g, and the density can be as low as 3 kg / m 3 , and the room temperature thermal conductivity can be as low as 12 mW / (m·K). Alumina aerogel has a nanoporous structure, is light in weight and small in volume, and at the same time has a high porosity, a high specific surface area, and an open texture structure. The pore diameter of zirconium dioxide aerogel is smaller than the mean free path of air molecules, there is no air convection in the aerogel, the porosity is extremely high, the volume ratio of the solid is very low, and the thermal conductivity is very low, which is suitable for the application of heat insulation products. Aerogel materials such as titanium dioxide aerogel, copper oxide aerogel, and graphene aerogel are also widely used in many fields.

[0110] In some embodiments of the present application, the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 0.01 - 0.1 g / mL; and / or,

[0111] In the mixture, the mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol to the aerogel powder is 100:1 - 5.

[0112] The beneficial effect of the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution being 0.01 - 0.1 g / mL is that it not only ensures that the aerogel powder can be fully dispersed therein, but also makes the volume change of the mixture not too high during the process of removing the solvent to form the heat insulation layer 12, so as not to affect its forming ability.

[0113] The beneficial effect of the mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol to the aerogel powder being 100:1 - 5 is that while keeping the heat insulation layer 12 having a low thermal conductivity, the heat insulation layer 12 still has a certain forming ability, toughness, and flexibility.

[0114] As an example, the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 0.01 g / mL, 0.02 g / mL, 0.04 g / mL, 0.07 g / mL, 0.1 g / mL.

[0115] As an example, the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the aerogel powder is 100:1, 100:2, 100:3, 100:4, 100:5.

[0116] In some embodiments of the present application, the aerogel powder is added to the polyvinyl alcohol solution and thoroughly mixed, and a plasticizer is also added to the polyvinyl alcohol solution.

[0117] Polyvinyl alcohol is a common polymer and is widely used in many fields. Its plasticizer can be selected from substances such as glycerol, diglycerol succinate, polyethylene glycol, etc. The plasticizer has the function of increasing the tensile strength, toughness, flexibility, etc. of polyvinyl alcohol.

[0118] In some embodiments of the present application, the preparation method further includes the following steps:

[0119] S4: Prepare an aluminum layer 13 on the heat insulation layer 12.

[0120] It is easy to understand that preparing an aluminum layer 13 on the heat insulation layer 12 can increase the gas barrier and water barrier properties of the composite film.

[0121] In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the aluminum layer 13 is 10 - 100 nm.

[0122] The beneficial effect of the thickness of the aluminum layer 13 being in the above range is that it can not only ensure that the barrier film has high sealing performance, but also make the barrier film have high flexibility.

[0123] As an example, the thickness of the aluminum layer 13 can be 10 nm, 20 nm, 40 nm, 60 nm, 80 nm, 100 nm.

[0124] In some embodiments of the present application, the aluminum layer 13 is prepared by a vacuum aluminizing process.

[0125] It is easy to understand that the vacuum aluminizing technology refers to the technology of depositing aluminum atoms on the surface of the workpiece to be plated in a vacuum environment. As an example, the vacuum aluminizing can specifically be carried out by means such as vacuum evaporation plating process, vacuum sputtering plating process, vacuum ion plating process, etc.

[0126] Fourthly, please refer to Figure 2 , embodiments of the present application provide a barrier film, and the barrier film includes the composite film described in any embodiment of the first aspect, or the composite film prepared by the preparation method described in any embodiment of the second aspect.

[0127] The barrier film is realized based on the composite film described in any embodiment of the first aspect or the composite film prepared by the preparation method described in any embodiment of the second aspect. For the specific implementation manners of the barrier film, reference may be made to the above embodiments and the common general knowledge in the art. Since the barrier film adopts some or all of the technical solutions of the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated herein one by one.

[0128] In some embodiments of the present application, the barrier film includes a polymer material layer, an aluminum barrier layer, and the composite film.

[0129] It is easily understood that the aluminum barrier layer refers to a film layer formed by aluminum. The function of the polymer material layer is to provide mechanical strength, toughness, and flexibility, and the role of the aluminum barrier layer is to provide excellent water and gas barrier properties for the barrier film.

[0130] In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the polymer material layer includes at least one of nylon, polyester, polyvinylidene chloride, and polyethylene.

[0131] Nylon has high mechanical strength and toughness, good chemical stability, and good weather resistance. The final application scenario of the barrier film is usually as a part of a vacuum insulation panel applied in a thermal insulation device. Some thermal insulation devices need to maintain a low temperature, while some need to maintain a relatively high temperature. The advantage of good weather resistance of nylon makes it very suitable for the barrier film. Polyester is the general term for polymers obtained by polycondensation of polyols and polyacids. It mainly includes linear thermoplastic resins such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), and polyarylate. The main chain link of polyester contains an ester group, which endows it with a series of unique properties. Polyester materials usually have excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance, strength, toughness, and hardness. Polyvinylidene chloride has properties such as flame resistance, corrosion resistance, and good airtightness, and is widely used as a film. It is currently commonly used in fields such as composite films, food packaging, cigarette outer packaging, military product packaging, drug blister packaging, and aluminum foil lamination. Polyethylene is one of the most common polymer materials, with good flexibility, extensibility, and easy processability. It has good chemical stability and is resistant to alkalis and general organic solvents.

[0132] In some embodiments of the present application, the barrier film includes the following layers stacked:

[0133] The first polymer material layer 21;

[0134] The second polymer material layer 22;

[0135] The first aluminum barrier layer 23;

[0136] The composite film;

[0137] The third polymer material layer 24;

[0138] The second aluminum barrier layer 25;

[0139] The fourth polymer material layer 26;

[0140] The third aluminum barrier layer 27;

[0141] The fifth polymer material layer 28.

[0142] It is easy to understand that the multi-layer polymer materials and aluminum materials are compounded with each other, so that the barrier film can have excellent mechanical strength, flexibility, toughness and barrier properties.

[0143] In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the first polymer material layer 21 is polyethylene; and / or,

[0144] The material of the second polymer material layer 22 is polyethylene terephthalate; and / or,

[0145] The material of the third polymer material layer 24 is polyethylene terephthalate; and / or,

[0146] The material of the fourth polymer material layer 26 is polyethylene terephthalate; and / or,

[0147] The material of the fifth polymer material layer 28 is nylon.

[0148] Nylon has high mechanical strength and toughness, good chemical stability and good weather resistance. The final application scenario of the barrier film is usually to be used as part of a vacuum insulation panel in a thermal insulation device. Some thermal insulation devices need to maintain a low temperature, while some need to maintain a relatively high temperature. The good weather resistance of nylon makes it very suitable for the barrier film. Polyethylene terephthalate has the advantages of light weight, high strength, high chemical resistance, barrier properties and low price, and is widely used in the packaging field (such as beverage bottles, food packaging, etc.), the building field (such as sound insulation materials, heat insulation materials, etc.) and the electronic field (such as capacitor films, flexible circuit boards, etc.). Polyethylene is one of the most common polymer materials, has good flexibility, extensibility and easy processability, and its chemical stability is relatively good, resistant to alkalis and general organic solvents. Selecting nylon as the material of the first polymer material layer 21, and selecting polyethylene terephthalate as the materials of the second polymer material layer 22, the third polymer material layer 24 and the fourth polymer material layer 26, and selecting polyethylene as the material of the fifth polymer material layer 28 can make the above polymer material layers have both mechanical strength, toughness and certain barrier properties in the barrier film, and have excellent performance.

[0149] In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the first polymer material layer 21 is 10-20 μm; and / or,

[0150] The thickness of the second polymer material layer 22 is 10 to 20 μm; and / or,

[0151] The thickness of the first aluminum barrier layer 23 is 10 to 100 nm; and / or,

[0152] The thickness of the third polymer material layer 24 is 10 to 20 μm; and / or,

[0153] The thickness of the second aluminum barrier layer 25 is 10 to 100 nm; and / or,

[0154] The thickness of the fourth polymer material layer 26 is 10 to 20 μm; and / or,

[0155] The thickness of the third aluminum barrier layer 27 is 10 to 100 nm; and / or,

[0156] The thickness of the fifth polymer material layer 28 is 10 to 20 μm.

[0157] The beneficial effects of the thickness of the first polymer material layer 21, the second polymer material layer 22, the third polymer material layer 24, the fourth polymer material layer 26, and the fifth polymer material layer 28 being in the above ranges are that it can not only ensure that the barrier film has high strength but also enable the barrier film to maintain high flexibility.

[0158] The beneficial effects of the thickness of the first aluminum barrier layer 23, the second aluminum barrier layer 25, and the third aluminum barrier layer 27 being in the above ranges are that it can not only ensure that the barrier film has high sealing performance but also make the barrier film have high flexibility.

[0159] As an example, the thickness of the first polymer material layer 21 can be 10 μm, 12 μm, 14 μm, 16 μm, 18 μm, or 20 μm.

[0160] As an example, the thickness of the second polymer material layer 22 can be 10 μm, 12 μm, 14 μm, 16 μm, 18 μm, or 20 μm.

[0161] As an example, the thickness of the third polymer material layer 24 can be 10 μm, 12 μm, 14 μm, 16 μm, 18 μm, or 20 μm.

[0162] As an example, the thickness of the fourth polymer material layer 26 can be 10 μm, 12 μm, 14 μm, 16 μm, 18 μm, or 20 μm.

[0163] As an example, the thickness of the fifth polymer material layer 28 can be 10 μm, 12 μm, 14 μm, 16 μm, 18 μm, or 20 μm.

[0164] As an example, the thickness of the first aluminum barrier layer 23 can be 10 nm, 20 nm, 40 nm, 60 nm, 80 nm, 100 nm.

[0165] As an example, the thickness of the second aluminum barrier layer 25 can be 10 nm, 20 nm, 40 nm, 60 nm, 80 nm, 100 nm.

[0166] As an example, the thickness of the third aluminum barrier layer 27 can be 10 nm, 20 nm, 40 nm, 60 nm, 80 nm, 100 nm.

[0167] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vacuum insulation panel, and the vacuum insulation panel includes the barrier film according to any one of the embodiments of the third aspect.

[0168] The vacuum insulation panel is implemented based on the barrier film according to any one of the embodiments of the third aspect. For the specific implementation manners of the vacuum insulation panel, reference may be made to the above embodiments and common general knowledge in the art. Since the vacuum insulation panel adopts some or all of the technical solutions of the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated herein one by one.

[0169] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an application of a vacuum insulation panel. The vacuum insulation panel is the vacuum insulation panel according to any one of the embodiments of the fourth aspect, and the vacuum insulation panel is applied to a refrigeration device or a heat preservation device.

[0170] As an example, the heat preservation device can be any one of a refrigerator, a freezer, a refrigerated container, a refrigerated truck, a cold drink vending machine, a medical heat preservation box, a food heat preservation box, and a water heater.

[0171] Next, the present application will be further described in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present application and not to limit the scope of the present application. For the experimental methods without specific conditions noted in the following embodiments, they are generally determined according to industry standards. If there is no corresponding industry standard, they are carried out according to general international standards, conventional conditions, or conditions recommended by the manufacturer.

[0172] Example 1

[0173] This embodiment provides a composite film. For the structural schematic diagram of the composite film, see Figure 1 , and the composite film is prepared by the following method:

[0174] Sa: Provide a polyvinyl alcohol solution, add aerogel powder and a plasticizer to the polyvinyl alcohol solution and mix well to obtain a mixed solution;

[0175] Sb: Provide a polymer-based film 11, and coat the mixed solution onto the polymer-based film 11;

[0176] Sc: Remove the solvent of the mixed solution to form a heat-insulating layer 12 of the mixed solution on the base film, thereby obtaining the composite film.

[0177] Sd: Evaporate an aluminum layer 13 on the heat-insulating layer 12.

[0178] The material of the polymer-based film 11 is polyethylene terephthalate, the thickness of the polymer-based film 11 is 8 μm, and the thickness of the heat-insulating layer 12 is 10 nm.

[0179] The material of the aerogel powder is at least one of silica, alumina, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, copper oxide, and graphene.

[0180] The concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 0.01 g / mL; and / or,

[0181] In the mixed solution, the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the aerogel powder is 100:1.

[0182] The thickness of the aluminum layer 13 is 10 nm.

[0183] This embodiment also provides a barrier film. Please refer to Figure 2 , the barrier film includes the following layers stacked:

[0184] The first polymer material layer 21;

[0185] The second polymer material layer 22;

[0186] The first aluminum barrier layer 23;

[0187] The composite film;

[0188] The third polymer material layer 24;

[0189] The second aluminum barrier layer 25;

[0190] The fourth polymer material layer 26;

[0191] The third aluminum barrier layer 27;

[0192] The fifth polymer material layer 28.

[0193] The material of the first polymer material layer 21 is polyethylene, the material of the second polymer material layer 22 is polyethylene terephthalate, the material of the third polymer material layer 24 is polyethylene terephthalate, the material of the fourth polymer material layer 26 is polyethylene terephthalate, and the material of the fifth polymer material layer 28 is nylon.

[0194] The thickness of the first polymer material layer 21 is 10 μm, the thickness of the second polymer material layer 22 is 10 μm, the thickness of the first aluminum barrier layer 23 is 10 nm, the thickness of the third polymer material layer 24 is 10 μm, the thickness of the second aluminum barrier layer 25 is 10 nm, the thickness of the fourth polymer material layer 26 is 10 μm, the thickness of the third aluminum barrier layer 27 is 10 nm, and the thickness of the fifth polymer material layer 28 is 10 μm.

[0195] Example 2

[0196] This example provides a composite film. The schematic structural diagram of the composite film is shown in Figure 1 , and the composite film is prepared by the following method:

[0197] Sa: Provide a polyvinyl alcohol solution, add aerogel powder and a plasticizer to the polyvinyl alcohol solution and mix well to obtain a mixture.

[0198] Sb: Provide a polymer base film 11, and coat the mixture on the polymer base film 11.

[0199] Sc: Remove the solvent of the mixture to form a heat insulation layer 12 on the base film, and obtain the composite film.

[0200] Sd: Evaporate an aluminum layer 13 on the heat insulation layer 12.

[0201] The material of the polymer base film 11 is polyethylene terephthalate, the thickness of the polymer base film 11 is 25 μm, and the thickness of the heat insulation layer 12 is 100 nm.

[0202] The material of the aerogel powder is at least one of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, copper oxide, and graphene.

[0203] The concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 0.1 g / mL; and / or,

[0204] In the mixture, the mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol to the aerogel powder is 100:5.

[0205] The thickness of the aluminum layer 13 is 100 nm.

[0206] This example also provides a barrier film. Please refer to Figure 2 , and the barrier film includes the following layers stacked:

[0207] A first polymer material layer 21;

[0208] A second polymer material layer 22;

[0209] The first aluminum barrier layer 23;

[0210] The composite film;

[0211] The third polymer material layer 24;

[0212] The second aluminum barrier layer 25;

[0213] The fourth polymer material layer 26;

[0214] The third aluminum barrier layer 27;

[0215] The fifth polymer material layer 28.

[0216] The material of the first polymer material layer 21 is polyethylene, the material of the second polymer material layer 22 is polyethylene terephthalate, the material of the third polymer material layer 24 is polyethylene terephthalate, the material of the fourth polymer material layer 26 is polyethylene terephthalate, and the material of the fifth polymer material layer 28 is nylon.

[0217] The thickness of the first polymer material layer 21 is 20 μm, the thickness of the second polymer material layer 22 is 20 μm, the thickness of the first aluminum barrier layer 23 is 100 nm, the thickness of the third polymer material layer 24 is 20 μm, the thickness of the second aluminum barrier layer 25 is 100 nm, the thickness of the fourth polymer material layer 26 is 20 μm, the thickness of the third aluminum barrier layer 27 is 100 nm, and the thickness of the fifth polymer material layer 28 is 20 μm.

[0218] Example 3

[0219] This example provides a composite film. The structural schematic diagram of the composite film is shown in Figure 1 , and the composite film is prepared by the following method:

[0220] Sa: Provide a polyvinyl alcohol solution, add aerogel powder and a plasticizer to the polyvinyl alcohol solution and mix well to obtain a mixed solution;

[0221] Sb: Provide a polymer base film 11, and coat the mixed solution onto the polymer base film 11;

[0222] Sc: Remove the solvent of the mixed solution to form a heat insulation layer 12 on the base film to obtain the composite film.

[0223] Sd: Evaporate an aluminum layer 13 on the heat insulation layer 12.

[0224] The material of the polymer base film 11 is polyethylene terephthalate, the thickness of the polymer base film 11 is 15 μm, and the thickness of the heat insulation layer 12 is 60 nm.

[0225] The material of the aerogel powder is at least one of silica, alumina, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, copper oxide, and graphene.

[0226] The concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 0.06 g / mL; and / or,

[0227] In the mixture, the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the aerogel powder is 100:3.

[0228] The thickness of the aluminum layer 13 is 50 nm.

[0229] This embodiment also provides a barrier film. Please refer to Figure 2 , the barrier film includes the following layers stacked:

[0230] The first polymer material layer 21;

[0231] The second polymer material layer 22;

[0232] The first aluminum barrier layer 23;

[0233] The composite film;

[0234] The third polymer material layer 24;

[0235] The second aluminum barrier layer 25;

[0236] The fourth polymer material layer 26;

[0237] The third aluminum barrier layer 27;

[0238] The fifth polymer material layer 28.

[0239] The material of the first polymer material layer 21 is polyethylene, the material of the second polymer material layer 22 is polyethylene terephthalate, the material of the third polymer material layer 24 is polyethylene terephthalate, the material of the fourth polymer material layer 26 is polyethylene terephthalate, and the material of the fifth polymer material layer 28 is nylon.

[0240] The thickness of the first polymer material layer 21 is 15 μm, the thickness of the second polymer material layer 22 is 15 μm, the thickness of the first aluminum barrier layer 23 is 60 nm, the thickness of the third polymer material layer 24 is 15 μm, the thickness of the second aluminum barrier layer 25 is 60 nm, the thickness of the fourth polymer material layer 26 is 16 μm, the thickness of the third aluminum barrier layer 27 is 16 nm, and the thickness of the fifth polymer material layer 28 is 15 μm.

[0241] Various embodiments of the present application may exist in the form of a range; it should be understood that the description in the form of a range is only for convenience and brevity and should not be construed as a rigid limitation on the scope of the present application; therefore, it should be considered that the range description has specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and individual values within that range. For example, it should be considered that the range description from 1 to 6 has specifically disclosed sub-ranges such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., and individual numbers within the range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, and this applies regardless of the range. Additionally, whenever a numerical range is indicated herein, it means including any cited number (fraction or integer) within the indicated range.

[0242] In this application, unless otherwise specified, the orientation terms such as "upper" and "lower" specifically refer to the drawing directions in the attached drawings. Additionally, in the description of this application's specification, terms such as "include" and "comprise" mean "include but not limited to". Moreover, the term "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, the elements defined by the statement "including..." do not preclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said elements. In this text, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. In this text, "and / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone. For the association relationship of more than three associated objects described by "and / or", it means that these three associated objects can exist alone for any one of them, or any at least two of them exist simultaneously. For example, for A, and / or B, and / or C, it can mean that any one of A, B, and C exists alone, or any two of them exist simultaneously, or all three of them exist simultaneously. In this text, "at least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more. "At least one kind", "at least one item (piece) below" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item (piece) or plural items (pieces). For example, "at least one item (piece) among a, b, or c", or, "at least one item (piece) among a, b, and c" can both mean: a, b, c, a - b (i.e., a and b), a - c, b - c, or a - b - c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple respectively. The "parts representation method" involved in this application, such as parts by weight, parts by mass, etc., represents the proportional relationship between each component. In the proportional relationships involved in this application, the parameters that need to be described by proportion should be understood as the antecedents of the proportion formula in the order of description, and the proportional numbers should be understood as the consequents of the proportion formula. For example, if the mass ratio of substance A, substance B, and substance C is 1:2:3, then substance A, substance B, and substance C should correspond one by one with the proportional numbers in the proportion formula in the order of description, that is, the mass of substance A: the mass of substance B: the mass of substance C = 1:2:3.

[0243] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A composite film, characterized in that The composite film includes: A polymer base film; A heat insulation layer, which includes a polyvinyl alcohol matrix and aerogel powder dispersed in the polyvinyl alcohol matrix.

2. The composite film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the polymer base film is polyethylene terephthalate; and / or, The thickness of the polymer base film is 8-25 μm; and / or, The thickness of the heat insulation layer is 10-100 nm.

3. The composite film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the aerogel powder is at least one of silica, alumina, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, copper oxide, and graphene.

4. The composite film according to claim 1, wherein In the heat insulation layer, the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the aerogel powder is 100:1-5.

5. The composite film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat insulation layer further includes a plasticizer.

6. The composite film according to claim 1, wherein The composite film further includes an aluminum layer, and the aluminum layer is disposed on the heat insulation layer.

7. The composite film according to claim 6, wherein The thickness of the aluminum layer is 10-100 nm.

8. A method for preparing a composite film, characterized in that, The preparation method includes the following steps: Providing a polyvinyl alcohol solution, adding aerogel powder to the polyvinyl alcohol solution and mixing well to obtain a mixed solution; Providing a polymer base film, and coating the mixed solution onto the polymer base film; Removing the solvent of the mixed solution to form a heat insulation layer on the base film, thereby obtaining the composite film.

9. The preparation method of the composite film according to claim 8, characterized in that, The material of the polymer base film is polyethylene terephthalate; and / or, The thickness of the polymer base film is 8-25 μm.

10. The method for preparing the composite film according to claim 8, wherein The material of the aerogel powder is at least one of silica, alumina, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, copper oxide, and graphene.

11. The method for preparing the composite film according to claim 8, wherein The concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 0.01-0.1 g / mL; and / or, In the mixed solution, the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the aerogel powder is 100:1-5.

12. The method for preparing the composite film according to claim 8, characterized in that, When adding aerogel powder to the polyvinyl alcohol solution and mixing well, a plasticizer is also added to the polyvinyl alcohol solution.

13. The method for preparing the composite film according to claim 8, characterized in that, The preparation method further includes the following steps: Preparing an aluminum layer on the heat insulation layer.

14. The method for preparing the composite film according to claim 13, wherein The thickness of the aluminum layer is 10-100 nm.

15. The method for preparing the composite film according to claim 13, wherein, The aluminum layer is prepared by a vacuum aluminizing process.

16. A barrier film, characterized in that, The barrier film includes the composite film according to any one of claims 1-7, or the composite film prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 8-15.

17. The barrier film according to claim 16, wherein, The barrier film includes a polymer material layer, an aluminum barrier layer, and the composite film.

18. The barrier film according to claim 17, wherein The material of the polymer material layer includes at least one of nylon, polyester, polyvinylidene chloride, and polyethylene.

19. The barrier film according to claim 17, wherein The barrier film includes layers stacked as follows: A first polymer material layer; A second polymer material layer; A first aluminum barrier layer; The composite film; A third polymer material layer; A second aluminum barrier layer; A fourth polymer material layer; A third aluminum barrier layer; A fifth polymer material layer.

20. The barrier film according to claim 19, wherein, The material of the first polymer material layer is polyethylene; and / or, The material of the second polymer material layer is polyethylene terephthalate; and / or, The material of the third polymer material layer is polyethylene terephthalate; and / or, The material of the fourth polymer material layer is polyethylene terephthalate; and / or, The material of the fifth polymer material layer is nylon.

21. The barrier film according to claim 19, wherein The thickness of the first polymer material layer is 10-20 μm; and / or, The thickness of the second polymer material layer is 10-20 μm; and / or, The thickness of the first aluminum barrier layer is 10 to 100 nm; and / or, The thickness of the third polymer material layer is 10 to 20 μm; and / or, The thickness of the second aluminum barrier layer is 10 to 100 nm; and / or, The thickness of the fourth polymer material layer is 10 to 20 μm; and / or, The thickness of the third aluminum barrier layer is 10 to 100 nm; and / or, The thickness of the fifth polymer material layer is 10 to 20 μm.

22. A vacuum insulation panel, characterized in that, The vacuum insulation panel includes the barrier film according to any one of claims 16 to 21.

23. Application of a vacuum insulation panel, characterized in that, The vacuum insulation panel is the vacuum insulation panel according to claim 22, and the vacuum insulation panel is applied to a refrigeration device or a heat preservation device.

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