A high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material and its application method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the technical field of seepage prevention materials, and specifically relates to a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir seepage prevention material and its application method. The high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir seepage prevention material comprises: 152.0–186.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 358.0–426.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 84.0–125.0 parts by weight of mineral powder; 40.0–52.0 parts by weight of base asphalt; 8.0–10.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.5–6.2 parts by weight of curing agent; 1.5–6.0 parts by weight of asphalt additives; 1.5–3.5 parts by weight of epoxy resin additives; and 3.0–8.0 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin. The epoxy resin additives are selected from at least one of methyl methacrylate, isooctyl acrylate, and tridecafluorooctyl methacrylate. The high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir seepage prevention material of this invention exhibits significant impermeability and long-term durability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of seepage prevention materials technology, and in particular relates to a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir seepage prevention material and its application method. Background Technology

[0002] Asphalt concrete is an important building material commonly used in the construction of roads, bridges, airport runways, and other engineering projects. Its main components include asphalt and aggregates. Due to its excellent compressive strength, water resistance, and good workability, asphalt concrete is widely used in various civil engineering projects. However, in some special projects, especially those requiring waterproofing and impermeability, the seepage prevention performance of traditional asphalt concrete materials is insufficient. Particularly in important water body protection projects such as reservoirs and basins, ensuring the long-term stability and seepage prevention effect of the material is a pressing technical challenge that needs to be addressed.

[0003] In fields such as water conservancy and environmental protection, the seepage prevention requirements for reservoirs and basins are extremely stringent. This is especially true for large-scale water storage systems such as dams, artificial lakes, and reservoirs, where the seepage prevention performance of asphalt concrete is crucial. While traditional asphalt concrete materials offer some waterproofing and seepage prevention, their inherent physical properties mean that over time, asphalt materials age due to external environmental influences (such as temperature variations, ultraviolet radiation, and water vapor penetration), leading to surface cracks and a loss of effective seepage prevention. Furthermore, the construction process for traditional asphalt concrete reservoir and basin seepage prevention materials is complex and requires advanced construction techniques. Leakage may occur due to loose joints or improper construction. Particularly in large-scale reservoir and basin projects, the long construction time and complex environment often result in less-than-expected seepage prevention at joints and connections, leading to leakage and impacting the overall project's lifespan and safety.

[0004] Therefore, developing an asphalt concrete seepage prevention material with high durability, high impermeability, and suitability for large-scale reservoir and basin projects has become an urgent need for current technological development. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material and its application method. The reservoir waterproofing material of this invention can maintain a good waterproofing effect during long-term use, and at the same time has strong crack resistance, aging resistance and adaptability to various environmental changes.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] The first aspect of this invention provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, comprising: 152.0–186.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 358.0–426.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 84.0–125.0 parts by weight of mineral powder; 40.0–52.0 parts by weight of base asphalt; 8.0–10.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.5–6.2 parts by weight of curing agent; 1.5–6.0 parts by weight of asphalt additives; 1.5–3.5 parts by weight of epoxy resin additives; and 3.0–8.0 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0008] The epoxy resin additive is selected from at least one of methyl methacrylate, isooctyl acrylate, and tridecylfluorooctyl methacrylate.

[0009] Furthermore, the asphalt additive is 1.5 to 2.2 parts by weight of the first asphalt additive, which is selected from one, two, or three of propylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, and dipropylene glycol butyl ether.

[0010] Furthermore, the first asphalt additive is a mixture of propylene glycol methyl ether and dipropylene glycol methyl ether in a weight ratio of 1:2 to 5.

[0011] Furthermore, the asphalt additive is 3.0 to 6.0 parts by weight of a second asphalt additive, which is selected from one or two of propylene glycol diacetate and hexamethylene diisocyanate.

[0012] Furthermore, the second asphalt additive is 4.0 to 4.6 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate.

[0013] Furthermore, the raw materials for preparing the modified polyurethane resin include, by weight: 40-60 parts of polyether polyol, 20-35 parts of isophorone diisocyanate, 5-15 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 1-5 parts of dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone, 1-10 parts of trimethylolpropane, and 0.05-0.5 parts of organic bismuth catalyst.

[0014] Furthermore, the modified polyurethane resin is prepared according to the following method:

[0015] (a) Mix polyether polyol, 1-5 parts of povidone and dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone, heat to dehydrate, and obtain a dehydrated mixture;

[0016] (b) Cool the dehydrated mixture obtained in step (a), add isophorone diisocyanate under nitrogen protection, and add an organic bismuth catalyst at the same time. Stir the reaction to obtain a prepolymer with isocyanate end groups.

[0017] (c) Add the remaining povidone to the prepolymer obtained in step (b) and continue stirring;

[0018] (d) After stirring in step (c), add trimethylolpropane and continue the reaction for 20-60 minutes to block the residual isocyanate groups, then terminate the reaction to obtain the modified polyurethane resin.

[0019] Further, the heating and dehydration in step (a) is carried out at a temperature of 90-120°C for 1-3 hours.

[0020] Further, the cooling temperature in step (b) is 60-90°C, the stirring reaction time is 2-5 hours, and the organic bismuth catalyst is one of bismuth octanoate, bismuth neodecanoate, or bismuth trihydroxybenzoate.

[0021] Furthermore, the reaction in step (c) is carried out at a temperature of 60-90°C for 1-3 hours.

[0022] The modified polyurethane resin of this invention is produced by reacting polyether polyol with isophorone diisocyanate to generate a prepolymer, and then introducing povidone for modification, constructing a polyurethane network system with enhanced polarity and flexibility. The pyrrolidone ring structure contained in the povidone molecule has amide and carbonyl groups. These polar functional groups can form hydrogen bonds and dipole interactions with hydroxyl, amino, or carbonyl groups in the polyurethane system, constructing a physical association network in the system, thereby improving the resin's polarity, dispersion stability, and interfacial compatibility. Povidone can also form multi-point interactions with polar components (such as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups) in asphalt, enhancing the compatibility between polyurethane and asphalt; simultaneously, its polar segments can also form adsorption interactions with the surface of mineral powder or aggregates, improving interfacial bonding strength. Structurally, the introduction of povidone can effectively regulate the flexibility and stress buffering capacity of the polyurethane system without destroying the main chain structure, enhancing its thermal stability and aging resistance, thus helping the impermeable material maintain structural integrity in complex environments, improving crack resistance and long-term durability.

[0023] This invention is the first to propose introducing polyvinyl chloride as a polar physical modifier into a polyurethane system, utilizing its hydrogen bonding and interfacial adsorption properties to regulate the overall performance of asphalt waterproofing materials. This modification method differs from existing conventional pathways involving multi-carboxyl grafting or crosslinking, providing a novel modification strategy with a more flexible interfacial mechanism and more controllable structural construction, opening up new directions for the application of polyurethane resins in high-performance asphalt waterproofing materials.

[0024] Furthermore, the coarse aggregate has a particle size of 1.56–20 mm; the fine aggregate has a particle size of 0.08–1.55 mm.

[0025] Furthermore, the mineral powder is one or more of fly ash, potassium feldspar powder, and talc powder.

[0026] Furthermore, the curing agent is one or both of hexamethylenediamine and m-phenylenediamine.

[0027] The second aspect of this invention provides a method for applying the aforementioned high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, comprising the following steps:

[0028] (1) Heat the base asphalt to 150-160°C and stir to completely melt the base asphalt. Add epoxy resin, asphalt additives, epoxy resin additives and modified polyurethane resin to the melted base asphalt according to the proportion and continue stirring to obtain an asphalt-resin mixture.

[0029] (2) Premix coarse aggregate and fine aggregate to obtain mixed aggregate, then add mineral powder to the mixed aggregate, stir to obtain a mixture of aggregate and mineral powder, and add it to the asphalt-resin mixture, continue stirring to obtain a mixture;

[0030] (3) Add curing agent to the mixture obtained in step (2), heat to 170-175°C, stir at this temperature for 20-30 minutes, and then carry out the construction of the reservoir.

[0031] Furthermore, the reservoir basin is constructed in two layers: an upper layer and a lower layer. When constructing the lower layer of the reservoir basin, the asphalt additive in the high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir basin anti-seepage material is the second asphalt additive. After the lower layer of the reservoir basin is constructed, the upper layer of the reservoir basin is constructed, and the asphalt additive in the high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir basin anti-seepage material is the first asphalt additive.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] This invention provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir / basin waterproofing material with excellent impermeability and long-term durability. By optimizing the combination ratio of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, mineral powder, base asphalt, epoxy resin, specific additives, and modified polyurethane resin, the material's crack resistance, aging resistance, and environmental adaptability are significantly improved. The specially introduced modified polyurethane resin can form multi-point interlocking and strong interfacial bonding between asphalt and mineral powder / aggregates, effectively enhancing the overall structural stability and interfacial adhesion of the material, and improving its resistance to water loss and fatigue. In critical water body protection projects such as reservoirs / basins, this material can withstand long-term damage caused by external environmental factors such as temperature differences, humidity, and water pressure, preventing the formation of micro-cracks and leakage, thereby ensuring the stable and long-lasting performance of the waterproofing layer. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of epoxy resin and curing agent further enhances structural density. Combined with the good flexibility and construction compatibility of polyurethane resin, the construction process is simpler, the overall project quality is more reliable, the service life is significantly extended, and the project safety is improved. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in the embodiments are commercially available products. The following is an illustrative example:

[0036] Coarse aggregate, from Sichuan Zhuolang New Environmentally Friendly Building Materials Co., Ltd., with a particle size of 1.56–20 mm;

[0037] Fine aggregate, from Sichuan Zhuolang New Environmentally Friendly Building Materials Co., Ltd., with a particle size of 0.08~1.55mm;

[0038] Fly ash, Hebei Huishun Mining Co., Ltd., density 1.0~2.9g / cm³ 3 Porosity 50%–80%, 400 mesh; Potassium feldspar powder, Shijiazhuang Mayue Building Materials Co., Ltd., density 2.5–2.6 g / cm³. 3 200 mesh; Talc powder, Tianjin Yandong Haotian Mineral Products Co., Ltd., 300 mesh;

[0039] Base asphalt, Hebei Fengtaiyuan Energy Technology Co., Ltd., modified asphalt granules, softening point 109℃, ash content 0.18;

[0040] Epoxy resin, Wanqing Chemical Technology Co., Ltd., NPEL-128 epoxy resin;

[0041] Curing agent: Hexamethylenediamine produced by Jinan Yuanlian Chemical Co., Ltd., with a purity of 98.52 wt%; or m-phenylenediamine, an epoxy resin curing agent from Mitsubishi Corporation of Japan.

[0042] Asphalt additive, propylene glycol methyl ether, Shanghai Kangtuo Chemical Co., Ltd., active ingredient content 99wt%; dipropylene glycol methyl ether, Shanghai Basbai Technology Co., Ltd., purity 98.52wt%; dipropylene glycol butyl ether, Shandong Shenyuan Chemical Co., Ltd., purity 98.52wt%.

[0043] Asphalt secondary additive, propylene glycol diacetate, Jinan Baohui Chemical Co., Ltd., purity 98.52wt%; hexamethylene diisocyanate, Shanghai Shengyue International Trade Co., Ltd., density 1.16g / ml, viscosity 2500±750 mPa•s;

[0044] Epoxy resin additives: Methyl methacrylate, Shandong Kejian Chemical Co., Ltd., 99.5 wt%; Isooctyl acrylate, Shandong Kejian Chemical Co., Ltd., 99.9 wt%; Tridecifluorooctyl methacrylate, Wuhan Shuer Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 99.9 wt%.

[0045] Polyether polyol, Shandong Lanxing Chemical Co., Ltd., polyether polyol LX-3010, molecular weight approximately 3000;

[0046] Povidone, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., PVP-K30, molecular weight approximately 40,000;

[0047] Isophorone diisocyanate, Wanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd.;

[0048] Polyurethane resin, Wanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd., Wanlin 1000.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] This embodiment provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, which includes:

[0051] 152.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 426.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 84.0 parts by weight of fly ash mineral powder; 52.0 parts by weight of base asphalt; 8.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 6.2 parts by weight of hexamethylenediamine curing agent; 1.5 parts by weight of propylene glycol methyl ether as asphalt additive (first asphalt additive); 1.5 parts by weight of methyl methacrylate as epoxy resin additive; 5 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0052] Modified polyurethane is prepared according to the following method:

[0053] (a) Add 50.0 g of polyether polyol, 5.0 g of povidone and 3.0 g of dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone to a 500 mL four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, thermometer, reflux condenser and nitrogen inlet tube. Heat to 110 °C under nitrogen atmosphere protection and dehydrate for 2 hours under constant temperature. After dehydration is completed, turn off the heating to obtain a dehydrated mixture.

[0054] (b) The temperature of the dehydrated mixture was lowered to 75°C. Under continuous nitrogen protection, 27.0 g of isophorone diisocyanate was slowly added dropwise to the dehydrated mixture, along with 0.2 g of bismuth octanoate catalyst. The stirring speed was maintained at about 300 rpm, the reaction temperature was controlled at 75°C ± 2°C, and the reaction time was 3 hours to form a prepolymer with isocyanate end groups.

[0055] (c) Continue to maintain the temperature at 75°C, add the remaining 5.0 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone to the prepolymer, and maintain stirring for 2 hours;

[0056] (d) After stirring in step (c), add 4.0 g of trimethylolpropane to the reaction system and continue to react at 75°C for 30 minutes to block the residual -NCO groups. During the reaction, the system gradually thickens and forms a light brown viscous liquid. After the reaction, the system is naturally cooled to room temperature, vacuum degassed for 15 minutes, and impurities are filtered with a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain the target modified polyurethane resin.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] This embodiment provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, which includes:

[0059] 186.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 358.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 125.0 parts by weight of potassium feldspar powder; 40.0 parts by weight of matrix asphalt; 10.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.5 parts by weight of hexamethylenediamine curing agent; 2.2 parts by weight of dipropylene glycol methyl ether as the first asphalt additive; 3.5 parts by weight of isooctyl acrylate as the epoxy resin additive; 5 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0060] The preparation method of the modified polyurethane resin is the same as that in Example 1.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] This embodiment provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, which includes:

[0063] 175.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 400.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 100.0 parts by weight of talc powder; 48.0 parts by weight of base asphalt; 9.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.8 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine as curing agent; 2.0 parts by weight of dipropylene glycol butyl ether as asphalt additive (first asphalt additive); 3.0 parts by weight of tridecafluorooctyl methacrylate as epoxy resin additive; 5 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0064] The preparation method of the modified polyurethane resin is the same as that in Example 1.

[0065] Example 4

[0066] This embodiment provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, which includes:

[0067] 175.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 400.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 100.0 parts by weight of talc powder; 48.0 parts by weight of base asphalt; 9.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.8 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine as curing agent; 2.0 parts by weight of dipropylene glycol butyl ether as asphalt additive (first asphalt additive); 1.5 parts by weight of tridecafluorooctyl methacrylate as epoxy resin additive; 5 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0068] The preparation method of the modified polyurethane resin is the same as that in Example 1.

[0069] Example 5

[0070] This embodiment provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, which includes:

[0071] 152.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 426.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 84.0 parts by weight of fly ash (mineral powder); 52.0 parts by weight of base asphalt; 8.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 6.2 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine (curing agent); 3.0 parts by weight of propylene glycol diacetate (asphalt additive, second asphalt additive); 1.5 parts by weight of methyl methacrylate (epoxy resin additive); 5 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0072] The preparation method of the modified polyurethane resin is the same as that in Example 1.

[0073] Example 6

[0074] This embodiment provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, which includes:

[0075] 186.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 358.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 125.0 parts by weight of potassium feldspar powder; 40.0 parts by weight of matrix asphalt; 10.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.5 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine as curing agent; 6.0 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate as asphalt additive (asphalt secondary additive); 3.5 parts by weight of isooctyl acrylate as epoxy resin additive; 5 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0076] The preparation method of the modified polyurethane resin is the same as that in Example 1.

[0077] Example 7

[0078] This embodiment provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, which includes:

[0079] 175.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 400.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 100.0 parts by weight of talc powder; 48.0 parts by weight of base asphalt; 9.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.8 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine as curing agent; 4.0 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate as asphalt additive (asphalt secondary additive); 3.0 parts by weight of tridecafluorooctyl methacrylate as epoxy resin additive; 5 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0080] The preparation method of the modified polyurethane resin is the same as that in Example 1.

[0081] Example 8

[0082] This embodiment provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, which includes:

[0083] 175.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 400.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 100.0 parts by weight of talc powder; 48.0 parts by weight of matrix asphalt; 9.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.8 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine as curing agent; 3.5 parts by weight of tridecafluorooctyl methacrylate as epoxy resin additive; 5 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0084] The preparation method of the modified polyurethane resin is the same as that in Example 1.

[0085] Example 9

[0086] This embodiment provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, which includes:

[0087] 175.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 400.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 100.0 parts by weight of talc powder; 48.0 parts by weight of base asphalt; 9.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.8 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine as curing agent; 2.0 parts by weight of asphalt additive, which is a mixture of propylene glycol methyl ether and dipropylene glycol methyl ether in a 1:2 weight ratio; 3.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin additive, which is tridecafluorooctyl methacrylate; and 5 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0088] The preparation method of the modified polyurethane resin is the same as that in Example 1.

[0089] Example 10

[0090] This embodiment provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, which includes:

[0091] 175.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 400.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 100.0 parts by weight of talc powder; 48.0 parts by weight of base asphalt; 9.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.8 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine as curing agent; 2.0 parts by weight of asphalt additive, which is a mixture of propylene glycol methyl ether and dipropylene glycol methyl ether in a 1:5 weight ratio; 3.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin additive, which is tridecafluorooctyl methacrylate; and 5 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0092] The preparation method of the modified polyurethane resin is the same as that in Example 1.

[0093] Example 11

[0094] This embodiment provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, which includes:

[0095] 175.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 400.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 100.0 parts by weight of talc powder; 48.0 parts by weight of base asphalt; 9.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.8 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine as curing agent; 4.6 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate as asphalt additive (asphalt secondary additive); 3.0 parts by weight of tridecafluorooctyl methacrylate as epoxy resin additive; 5 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0096] The preparation method of the modified polyurethane resin is the same as that in Example 1.

[0097] Example 12

[0098] This embodiment provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, which includes:

[0099] 175.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 400.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 100.0 parts by weight of talc powder; 48.0 parts by weight of base asphalt; 9.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.8 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine as curing agent; 7.0 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate as asphalt additive (asphalt secondary additive); 3.0 parts by weight of tridecafluorooctyl methacrylate as epoxy resin additive; 5 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0100] The preparation method of the modified polyurethane resin is the same as that in Example 1.

[0101] Example 13

[0102] This embodiment provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, which includes:

[0103] 175.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 400.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 100.0 parts by weight of talc powder; 48.0 parts by weight of base asphalt; 9.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.8 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine as curing agent; 2.0 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate as asphalt additive; 3.0 parts by weight of tridecafluorooctyl methacrylate as epoxy resin additive; 5 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0104] The preparation method of the modified polyurethane resin is the same as that in Example 1.

[0105] Comparative Example 1

[0106] This comparative example provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, comprising:

[0107] 175.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 400.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 100.0 parts by weight of talc powder; 48.0 parts by weight of base asphalt; 9.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.8 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine as curing agent; 4.0 parts by weight of propylene glycol methyl ether acrylate as asphalt additive; 3.0 parts by weight of tridecafluorooctyl methacrylate as epoxy resin additive; 5 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0108] The preparation method of the modified polyurethane resin is the same as that in Example 1.

[0109] Comparative Example 2

[0110] This comparative example provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, comprising:

[0111] 175.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 400.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 100.0 parts by weight of talc powder; 48.0 parts by weight of base asphalt; 9.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.8 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine as curing agent; 4.0 parts by weight of isophorone diisocyanate as asphalt additive; 3.0 parts by weight of tridecafluorooctyl methacrylate as epoxy resin additive; 5 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0112] The preparation method of the modified polyurethane resin is the same as that in Example 1.

[0113] Comparative Example 3

[0114] This comparative example provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, comprising:

[0115] 175.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 400.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 100.0 parts by weight of talc powder; 48.0 parts by weight of base asphalt; 9.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.8 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine as curing agent; 2.0 parts by weight of asphalt additive, a mixture of propylene glycol methyl ether and propylene glycol butyl ether in a 1:2 weight ratio; 3.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin additive, tridecafluorooctyl methacrylate; 5 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0116] The preparation method of the modified polyurethane resin is the same as that in Example 1.

[0117] Comparative Example 4

[0118] This comparative example provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, comprising:

[0119] 175.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 400.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 100.0 parts by weight of talc powder; 48.0 parts by weight of base asphalt; 9.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.8 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine as curing agent; 2.0 parts by weight of asphalt additive, a mixture of propylene glycol methyl ether propionate and ethylene glycol butyl ether in a 1:2 weight ratio; 3.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin additive, tridecafluorooctyl methacrylate; 5 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0120] The preparation method of the modified polyurethane resin is the same as that in Example 1.

[0121] Comparative Example 5

[0122] This comparative example provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, comprising:

[0123] 175.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 400.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 100.0 parts by weight of talc powder; 48.0 parts by weight of base asphalt; 9.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.8 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine as curing agent; 2.0 parts by weight of asphalt additive, which is a mixture of propylene glycol methyl ether and dipropylene glycol methyl ether in a 1:5 weight ratio; 3.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin additive, which is dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate; and 5 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0124] The preparation method of the modified polyurethane resin is the same as that in Example 1.

[0125] Comparative Example 6

[0126] This comparative example provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, comprising:

[0127] 175.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 400.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 100.0 parts by weight of talc powder; 48.0 parts by weight of base asphalt; 9.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.8 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine as curing agent; 2.0 parts by weight of asphalt additive, which is a mixture of propylene glycol methyl ether and dipropylene glycol methyl ether in a 1:5 weight ratio; 3.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin additive, which is hexafluorobutyl methacrylate; and 5 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0128] The preparation method of the modified polyurethane resin is the same as that in Example 1.

[0129] Comparative Example 7

[0130] This comparative example provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, comprising:

[0131] 175.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 400.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 100.0 parts by weight of talc powder; 48.0 parts by weight of base asphalt; 9.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.8 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine as curing agent; 4.6 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate as asphalt additive (asphalt secondary additive); 3.0 parts by weight of hydroxyethyl acrylate as epoxy resin additive; 5 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0132] The preparation method of the modified polyurethane resin is the same as that in Example 1.

[0133] Comparative Example 8

[0134] This comparative example provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, comprising:

[0135] 175.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 400.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 100.0 parts by weight of talc powder; 48.0 parts by weight of base asphalt; 9.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.8 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine as curing agent; 4.6 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate as asphalt additive (asphalt secondary additive); 3.0 parts by weight of hexafluorobutyl acrylate as epoxy resin additive; 5 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0136] The preparation method of the modified polyurethane resin is the same as that in Example 1.

[0137] Comparative Example 9 (without modified polyurethane resin)

[0138] This comparative example provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, comprising:

[0139] 175.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 400.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 100.0 parts by weight of talc powder; 48.0 parts by weight of matrix asphalt; 9.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.8 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine as curing agent; 4.0 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate as asphalt additive (asphalt additive II); 3.0 parts by weight of tridecafluorooctyl methacrylate as epoxy resin additive.

[0140] Comparative Example 10

[0141] This comparative example provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, comprising:

[0142] 175.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 400.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 100.0 parts by weight of talc powder; 48.0 parts by weight of matrix asphalt; 9.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.8 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine as curing agent; 4.6 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate as asphalt additive (asphalt second additive); 3.0 parts by weight of tridecafluorooctyl methacrylate as epoxy resin additive; and 5 parts by weight of unmodified polyurethane resin.

[0143] Comparative Example 11

[0144] This comparative example provides a high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, comprising:

[0145] 175.0 parts by weight of coarse aggregate; 400.0 parts by weight of fine aggregate; 100.0 parts by weight of talc powder; 48.0 parts by weight of base asphalt; 9.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 5.8 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine as curing agent; 2.0 parts by weight of asphalt additive, which is a mixture of propylene glycol methyl ether and dipropylene glycol methyl ether in a 1:2 weight ratio; 3.0 parts by weight of epoxy resin additive, which is tridecafluorooctyl methacrylate; and 15 parts by weight of modified polyurethane resin.

[0146] The preparation method of the modified polyurethane resin is the same as that in Example 1.

[0147] Effects and performance testing

[0148] The following performance tests were conducted in accordance with the specifications in JTG E20-2011, "Test Procedures for Asphalt and Asphalt Mixtures in Highway Engineering". The specific test conditions and parameters are as follows:

[0149] The Marshall stability test involves preparing standard Marshall specimens (101.6 mm in diameter and 63.5 mm in height) according to regulations and testing their Marshall stability and flow value. The linear shrinkage coefficient test uses a temperature range of +10 to -30℃ with a cooling rate of 5℃ / h. The permeability test involves preparing asphalt mixture specimens according to the asphalt mixture specimen molding method (wheel rolling method) in specification T 0703, demolding them after cooling for the specified time, and removing the paper placed on the surface during molding. The permeability coefficient of the asphalt mixture specimen is calculated using formula (T 0730-1), using the water flow rate over 3 minutes.

[0150] The results of the various performance tests are shown in Table 1.

[0151] Table 1

[0152]

[0153] The performance data comparison of the above embodiments shows that the high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material of the present invention has good performance (stability (1d), flow value, linear shrinkage coefficient and permeability coefficient).

[0154] In Example 8, no asphalt additives were added; the stability was 8.48 kN, the flow value was 2.99 mm, and the linear shrinkage coefficient was 3.97 × 10⁻⁶. -5At ℃, the permeability coefficient was 6.3 ml / min. Compared with Example 7 with added asphalt additives, the stability was lower, and the linear shrinkage coefficient and permeability coefficient were higher, indicating that the asphalt additives have a positive effect on improving the stability and deformation resistance of the material, and reducing shrinkage and permeability.

[0155] Comparative Examples 1-4 replaced the types of asphalt additives. Compared with the asphalt additives protected by this invention, these asphalt additives showed poor compatibility in actual asphalt systems, failing to effectively improve the toughness, crack resistance, and bonding performance with epoxy resin of the asphalt system. This resulted in lower stability, higher linear shrinkage coefficient, and weaker deformation resistance. Comparative Examples 5-8 replaced the types of epoxy resin additives. These epoxy additives reduced the compatibility and synergy with the overall system, resulting in insufficient effective crosslinking density and network structure between asphalt and epoxy resin. This led to a significant reduction in the mechanical properties, crack resistance, and deformation resistance of the formed material, manifested as decreased stability, increased linear shrinkage coefficient, and deteriorated water permeability. The above results indicate that the asphalt additives and epoxy resin additives selected in this invention play a crucial role in the comprehensive performance of the impermeable material, and the same effect cannot be achieved through conventional replacement.

[0156] Comparative Example 9, lacking polyurethane resin and its flexible conditioning and interfacial reinforcement components, resulted in a relatively loose material structure, weak interlocking and bonding forces between aggregates, leading to reduced stability, increased permeability, and a higher linear shrinkage coefficient. This indicates insufficient thermal stability and density of the system. Comparative Example 10, containing unmodified polyurethane resin, failed to form an effective interfacial interaction with asphalt and aggregates and lacked significant polar association ability, thus maintaining a low level in various performance aspects. This demonstrates that unmodified polyurethane resin cannot exert its intended reinforcing effect, and that structural modification is crucial for achieving performance improvement.

[0157] In Comparative Example 11, the amount of modified polyurethane resin added was 15 parts, exceeding the optimal range for use. This resulted in an "over-softening" phenomenon in the material properties, particularly manifested as decreased stability and increased linear shrinkage coefficient. This demonstrates that while modified polyurethane resin can help optimize material properties when used in appropriate amounts, excessive amounts can disrupt the material's mechanical balance, reducing stability and durability.

[0158] The application method of the high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0159] (1) Heat the base asphalt to 150-160°C and stir to completely melt the base asphalt. Add epoxy resin, asphalt additives, epoxy resin additives and modified polyurethane resin to the melted base asphalt according to the proportion and continue stirring to obtain an asphalt-resin mixture.

[0160] (2) Premix coarse aggregate and fine aggregate to obtain mixed aggregate, then add mineral powder to the mixed aggregate, stir to obtain a mixture of aggregate and mineral powder, and add it to the asphalt-resin mixture, continue stirring to obtain a mixture;

[0161] (3) Add curing agent to the mixture obtained in step (2), heat to 170-175°C, stir at this temperature for 20-30 minutes, and then carry out the construction of the reservoir.

[0162] Furthermore, the reservoir basin is constructed in two layers: an upper layer and a lower layer. When constructing the lower layer of the reservoir basin, the asphalt additive in the high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir basin anti-seepage material is the second asphalt additive. After the lower layer of the reservoir basin is constructed, the upper layer of the reservoir basin is constructed, and the asphalt additive in the high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir basin anti-seepage material is the first asphalt additive.

[0163] In practical applications, layered construction can fully utilize the advantages of different additives. The lower layer, which is in direct contact with the bottom of the reservoir, requires better seepage prevention performance. Using a second asphalt additive (such as hexamethylene diisocyanate) can significantly improve the material's seepage prevention performance and reduce the risk of leakage. The upper layer, on the other hand, requires better stability and resistance to deformation to withstand upper loads and environmental impacts. Using a first asphalt additive (such as a mixture of propylene glycol methyl ether and dipropylene glycol methyl ether) can improve the material's stability and flow value, ensuring the structural stability and construction quality of the upper layer. This layered construction method ensures the overall seepage prevention effect and structural stability of the reservoir, thereby improving the project's service life and safety.

[0164] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material, comprising: Coarse aggregate: 152.0–186.0 parts by weight; Fine aggregate 358.0–426.0 parts by weight; mineral powder 84.0–125.0 parts by weight; base asphalt 40.0–52.0 parts by weight; epoxy resin 8.0–10.0 parts by weight; curing agent 5.5–6.2 parts by weight; asphalt additives 1.5–6.0 parts by weight; epoxy resin additives 1.5–3.5 parts by weight; modified polyurethane resin 3.0–8.0 parts by weight; The epoxy resin additive is selected from at least one of methyl methacrylate, isooctyl acrylate and tridecylfluorooctyl methacrylate; The asphalt additive is 1.5 to 2.2 parts by weight of the first asphalt additive or 3.0 to 6.0 parts by weight of the second asphalt additive, wherein the first asphalt additive is a mixture of propylene glycol methyl ether and dipropylene glycol methyl ether in a weight ratio of 1:2 to 5. The second asphalt additive is 4.0 to 4.6 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate; The raw materials for preparing the modified polyurethane resin include, by weight, 40-60 parts of polyether polyol, 20-35 parts of isophorone diisocyanate, 5-15 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 1-5 parts of dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone, 1-10 parts of trimethylolpropane, and 0.05-0.5 parts of organic bismuth catalyst. The modified polyurethane resin is prepared according to the following method: (a) A mixture of polyether polyol, povidone and dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone is heated to dehydrate, resulting in a dehydrated mixture; (b) Cool the dehydrated mixture obtained in step (a), add isophorone diisocyanate under nitrogen protection, and add an organic bismuth catalyst at the same time. Stir the reaction to obtain a prepolymer with isocyanate end groups. (c) Add the remaining polyvinyl ketone to the prepolymer obtained in step (b) and continue the reaction; (d) After the reaction in step (c) is completed, trimethylolpropane is added, and the reaction is continued for 20-60 minutes to block the residual isocyanate groups, and the reaction is terminated to obtain the modified polyurethane resin.

2. The high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating and dehydration process in step (a) is carried out at a temperature of 90-120°C for 1-3 hours.

3. The high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling temperature in step (b) is 60-90°C, the stirring reaction time is 2-5 hours, and the organic bismuth catalyst is one of bismuth octanoate, bismuth neodecanoate, or bismuth trihydroxybenzoate.

4. The high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction in step (c) is carried out at a temperature of 60-90°C for 1-3 hours.

5. The high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coarse aggregate has a particle size of 1.56–20 mm; the fine aggregate has a particle size of 0.08–1.55 mm.

6. The high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mineral powder is one or more of fly ash, potassium feldspar powder, and talc powder.

7. The high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curing agent is one or both of hexamethylenediamine and m-phenylenediamine.

8. The method of applying the high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material according to any one of claims 1-7, comprising the following steps: (1) Heat the base asphalt to 150-160°C and stir to completely melt the base asphalt. Add epoxy resin, asphalt additives, epoxy resin additives and modified polyurethane resin to the melted base asphalt according to the proportion and continue stirring to obtain an asphalt-resin mixture. (2) Premix coarse aggregate and fine aggregate to obtain mixed aggregate, then add mineral powder to the mixed aggregate, stir to obtain a mixture of aggregate and mineral powder, and add it to the asphalt-resin mixture, continue stirring to obtain a mixture; (3) Add curing agent to the mixture obtained in step (2), heat to 170-175°C, stir at this temperature for 20-30 minutes, and then carry out the construction of the reservoir.

9. The application method of the high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir waterproofing material according to claim 8, characterized in that: The reservoir basin is constructed in two layers: an upper layer and a lower layer. When constructing the lower layer of the reservoir basin, the asphalt additive in the high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir basin waterproofing material is the second asphalt additive. After the lower layer of the reservoir basin is constructed, the upper layer of the reservoir basin is constructed, and the asphalt additive in the high-durability asphalt concrete reservoir basin waterproofing material is the first asphalt additive.

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