Method for preparing biological bacterial fertilizer from coal and microorganisms

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a biological bacterial fertilizer from coal and microorganisms, and belongs to the technical field of biological fertilizers. The method comprises the following steps: crushing coal to 80 meshes to obtain coal powder; adding a compound fertilizer accounting for 3% of the total fertilizer mass; a composite additive accounting for 1% of the total mass of the fertilizer is added, and the additive comprises 95% of mushroom sticks, 3% of glucose and 2% of microbial flora (bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria and the like are mixed according to the proportion of 1: 1: 1: 1); the raw materials are mixed and granulated. The organic matter content of the prepared biological bacterial fertilizer is larger than or equal to 30%, the effective viable count is larger than or equal to 2 * 10 < 7 > CFU / g, the heavy metal content is remarkably lower than the national standard, and cadmium is smaller than or equal to 0.5 mg / kg, lead is smaller than or equal to 30 mg / kg, and chromium is smaller than or equal to 80 mg / The method realizes efficient biotransformation of coal resources, and is suitable for soil improvement and organic agricultural production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biological fertilizers, and specifically refers to a method for preparing biological bacterial fertilizers using coal and microorganisms. Background Art

[0002] Traditional organic fertilizers such as chicken manure have problems such as high heavy metal content and unbalanced nutrients. As a raw material rich in organic matter, the direct application effect of coal is not good. In the existing biological bacterial fertilizer preparation technology, the selection of microbial strains is single, the degradation efficiency of coal is limited, and the problem of heavy metal control is often ignored. The present invention realizes the efficient biological conversion of coal through a specific microbial combination and optimized ratio, while ensuring that the heavy metal content is lower than the organic fertilizer standard.

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, a method for preparing biological bacterial fertilizers using coal and microorganisms needs to be urgently disclosed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: A method for preparing biological bacterial fertilizers using coal and microorganisms, comprising the following steps:

[0005] (1) Crush the coal to 80 mesh to obtain coal powder;

[0006] (2) Add compound fertilizer at 3% of the total fertilizer mass;

[0007] (3) Add a microbial compound additive at 1% of the total fertilizer mass, and the additive includes:

[0008] Mushroom spawn bags: 95%

[0009] Glucose: 3%

[0010] Microbial flora: 2%, and the microbial flora includes Bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, etc.;

[0011] (4) Mix the coal powder and the additive evenly and granulate to obtain biological bacterial fertilizer.

[0012] Further, the coal powder accounts for 96% of the total fertilizer mass.

[0013] Further, in the microbial flora, the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, etc. is 1:1:1:1.

[0014] The advantages of the invention compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0015] The present invention utilizes the synergistic degradation of coal by fungi and bacteria, and has the following advantages: (1) realizing resource utilization and converting waste coal and mushroom sticks into high-value-added products. (2) Environmentally friendly: the heavy metal content is significantly lower than the national standard for organic fertilizers. (3) Long-lasting fertilizer effect: the organic matter in coal is slowly released, and the fertilizer effect lasts for 2-3 years. (4) Soil improvement: rich in active bacterial communities, which can improve the soil microecology. (5) Cost advantage: the main raw materials are industrial by-products, and the production cost is reduced by more than 30%. Detailed implementation mode

[0016] The following is a further detailed description of the present invention.

[0018] When the present invention is specifically implemented, a method for preparing biological bacterial fertilizer by using coal and microorganisms is provided, including the following steps:

[0019] (1) Crush the coal to 80 mesh to obtain coal powder;

[0020] (2) Add compound fertilizer at 3% of the total fertilizer mass;

[0021] (3) Add a microbial compound additive at 1% of the total fertilizer mass, and the additive includes:

[0022] Mushroom sticks: 95%;

[0023] Glucose: 3%;

[0024] Microbial flora: 2%, and the microbial flora includes Bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, etc.;

[0025] (4) Mix the coal powder and the additive evenly and granulate to obtain biological bacterial fertilizer.

[0026] Example:

[0027] I. Raw material preparation:

[0028] Coal powder: Select lignite or weathered coal, crush it to 80 mesh (particle size about 0.18 mm), and control the water content below 15%. Mushroom sticks: Waste Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation substrate, crush it to 20-40 mesh, and the water content is 30-40%.

[0029] Microbial inoculant:

[0030] The viable count of Bacillus subtilis ≥ 2×10^8 CFU / g

[0031] The viable count of Actinomycetes ≥ 1×10^7 CFU / g

[0032] The viable count of Lactobacillus is ≥ 1×10^8 CFU / g

[0033] II. Preparation steps:

[0034] Mixing stage:

[0035] Mix 96 kg of pulverized coal with 3 kg of compound fertilizer and 0.95 kg of mushroom stick powder

[0036] Add 0.03 kg of glucose and stir evenly

[0037] Add 0.02 kg of compound microbial inoculant (a mixture of multiple bacteria in a ratio of 1:1:1:1)

[0038] III. Post-treatment:

[0039] Granulation

[0040] Pack after passing the inspection

[0041] Quality control indicators:

[0042] Physical and chemical indicators:

[0043] The organic matter content is ≥ 30%;

[0044] The total nutrients (N + P2O5 + K2O) are ≥ 5%;

[0045] The pH value is 6.5 - 7.5;

[0046] The moisture content is ≤ 15%;

[0047] Microbial indicators:

[0048] The effective viable count is ≥ 2×10^7 CFU / g;

[0049] The miscellaneous bacteria rate is ≤ 15%;

[0050] Heavy metal limits (calculated on a dry basis):

[0051] Cadmium ≤ 0.5 mg / kg;

[0052] Lead ≤ 30 mg / kg;

[0053] Chromium ≤ 80 mg / kg;

[0054] Arsenic ≤ 15 mg / kg

[0055] Example 1:

[0056] Raw materials: 100 kg of lignite powder (80 mesh);

[0057] Additives:

[0058] 0.95 kg of mushroom stick powder

[0059] 0.03 kg of glucose;

[0060] 3 kg of compound fertilizer;

[0061] 0.02 kg of compound microbial inoculum (a mixture of various bacteria in equal proportions);

[0062] Results:

[0063] The organic matter content is 48.2%;

[0064] The effective viable bacteria count is 3.1×10^7 CFU / g;

[0065] The cadmium content is 0.28 mg / kg.

[0066] Example 2:

[0067] Raw materials: 100 kg of weathered pulverized coal (80 mesh);

[0068] The additive ratio is the same as that in Example 1;

[0069] Results:

[0070] The organic matter content is 46.8%;

[0071] The effective viable bacteria count is 2.7×10^7 CFU / g;

[0072] The lead content is 26.3 mg / kg.

[0073] The application prospect of the present invention is as follows:

[0074] Clean utilization of coal: This technology can convert coal into clean energy such as methane, reducing pollution caused by combustion.

[0075] Environmental remediation: It can be used to repair soil and water bodies polluted by coal and degrade harmful substances.

[0076] Resource recovery: By degrading coal, organic and inorganic resources therein can be recovered.

[0077] As a further elaboration of the present invention, the pulverized coal accounts for 96% of the total mass of the fertilizer.

[0078] As a further elaboration of the present invention, in the microbial flora, the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, etc. is 1:1:1:1. As a further elaboration of the present invention, the heavy metal content of the biological bacterial fertilizer is lower than the national organic fertilizer standard, wherein:

[0079] Copper (Cu) ≤ 20 mg / kg;

[0080] Zinc (Zn) ≤ 120 mg / kg;

[0081] Lead (Pb) ≤ 30 mg / kg;

[0082] Chromium (Cr) ≤ 80 mg / kg;

[0083] Cadmium (Cd) ≤ 0.5 mg / kg;

[0084] Nickel (Ni) ≤ 30 mg / kg;

[0085] Arsenic (As) ≤ 15 mg / kg;

[0086] Mercury (Hg) ≤ 0.5 mg / kg.

[0087] As a further elaboration of the present invention, the mushroom stick is a waste edible mushroom cultivation substrate and is used after being crushed.

[0088] As a further elaboration of the present invention, the glucose is used to promote the growth of microorganisms in the early stage and improve the coal degradation efficiency.

[0089] As a further elaboration of the present invention, the biological bacterial fertilizer can be used for soil improvement, crop planting and organic agriculture.

[0090] The above describes the present invention and its implementation manners, and such description is not restrictive. Generally speaking, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by it and, without departing from the gist of the present invention, design similar structural manners and embodiments to this technical solution without creative efforts, they shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing biological bacterial fertilizer using coal and microorganisms, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: (1) Crush coal to 80 mesh to obtain coal powder; (2) Add compound fertilizer at 3% of the total fertilizer mass; (3) Add a microbial compound additive at 1% of the total fertilizer mass, and the additive includes: Mushroom sticks: 95%; Glucose: 3%; Microbial flora: 2%, and the microbial flora includes Bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, etc.; (4) Mix the coal powder and the additive evenly and granulate to obtain bio-organic fertilizer.

2. The method for preparing bio-bacterial fertilizer by using coal and microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coal powder accounts for 96% of the total fertilizer mass.

3. A method for preparing biological bacterial fertilizer using coal and microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the microbial flora, the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, etc. is 1:1:1:

1.

4. A method for preparing bio-bacterial fertilizer using coal and microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixture is in direct contact with plant roots. The roots provide sugars for the bacteria to grow, and the bacteria decompose coal and supply plant nutrients. This process does not require composting and fermentation.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The heavy metal content of the bio-organic fertilizer is lower than the national organic fertilizer standard, among which: Copper (Cu) ≤ 20 mg / kg; Zinc (Zn) ≤ 120 mg / kg; Lead (Pb) ≤ 30 mg / kg; Chromium (Cr) ≤ 80 mg / kg; Cadmium (Cd) ≤ 0.5 mg / kg; Nickel (Ni) ≤ 30 mg / kg; Arsenic (As) ≤ 15 mg / kg; Mercury (Hg) ≤ 0.5 mg / kg.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein The mushroom sticks are waste edible mushroom cultivation substrates and are used after being crushed.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein The glucose is used to promote the growth of microorganisms in the early stage and improve the coal degradation efficiency.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein The bio-organic fertilizer can be used for soil improvement, crop planting and organic agriculture.

9. A bio-organic fertilizer prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. Use of the bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 9 in repairing coal-polluted soil.