High-viscosity tensile PVC electrical adhesive tape and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-viscosity tensile PVC electrical adhesive tape and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of adhesive tapes, the high-viscosity tensile PVC electrical adhesive tape comprises an acrylate adhesive solution and a polyvinyl chloride film, and the polyvinyl chloride film is coated with the acrylate adhesive solution. According to the invention, benzyl methacrylate is introduced to form a copolymer with a soft and hard chain segment structure, so that the adhesion and cohesion of an acrylate adhesive solution are improved, and a hard chain segment formed by a benzene ring structure of benzyl methacrylate improves the heat resistance of the adhesive solution, so that the comprehensive performance of the PVC electrical adhesive tape is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tapes, and in particular to a high-viscosity and tensile PVC electrical tape and a preparation method thereof. Background Technique

[0002] With the rapid development of the power industry, electrical safety issues have become increasingly prominent in industrial production and daily life. Electrical tapes are widely used in the insulation and fixation of electrical equipment, wires and cables, and play an indispensable role in preventing electrical accidents, protecting circuits and ensuring the stable operation of equipment.

[0003] Especially in high-end fields such as automobile manufacturing, aerospace, rail transit and new energy, electrical tapes face more stringent performance requirements. For example, in a high-temperature working environment, the electrical tapes used in electrical equipment must be able to withstand long-term high-temperature tests without failure and must have excellent flame retardant properties to prevent the spread of fire. Therefore, a high-viscosity and tensile PVC electrical tape and a preparation method thereof are extremely important.

[0004] Patent document CN118146738B discloses a preparation method of a PVC electrical tape. The above patent realizes the stability of the holding force and initial adhesion of the pressure-sensitive adhesive on the surface of the electrical tape. Through the synergistic effect of hydroxyethyl acrylate and acrylic acid, while improving the initial adhesion of the pressure-sensitive adhesive, the holding force of the pressure-sensitive adhesive can be maintained without decrease, and the holding force of the pressure-sensitive adhesive on the surface of the electrical tape is improved.

[0005] In summary, the above patent solves the problem that the plasticizer causes poor holding force of the pressure-sensitive adhesive on the surface of the electrical tape, but there is still room for optimization in the heat resistance of the electrical tape. In this application, by introducing benzyl methacrylate, the heat resistance of the surface glue of the electrical tape is improved, and the problem that the electrical tape is prone to failure in a high-temperature environment is solved; Therefore, this application proposes a flame-resistant and fire-retardant high-viscosity and tensile PVC electrical tape and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-viscosity and tensile PVC electrical tape and a preparation method thereof to solve the technical problem that the electrical tape is prone to failure in a high-temperature environment proposed in the above background technique.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A high-viscosity tensile PVC electrical tape, comprising an acrylate adhesive solution and a polyvinyl chloride film, wherein the acrylate adhesive solution is coated on the polyvinyl chloride film. The acrylate adhesive solution comprises the following components by weight: 40-80 parts of butyl acrylate, 5-20 parts of benzyl methacrylate, 10-15 parts of pentafluorobenzyl acrylate, 0.5-2 parts of hydroxyethyl acrylate, 0.5-2 parts of acrylic acid, 5-10 parts of a flame retardant, 80-100 parts of ethyl acetate, 5-15 parts of an ionic liquid, and 0.1-0.5 parts of an initiator. The preparation method of the acrylate adhesive solution comprises the following steps: (1) Mix butyl acrylate, benzyl methacrylate, pentafluorobenzyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, acrylic acid, the flame retardant, the ionic liquid, ethyl acetate, and the initiator evenly to obtain a mixed solution; (2) Add 50 wt% of the mixed solution to a reaction vessel, fill the reaction vessel with nitrogen, add 50 wt% of the initiator to the reaction vessel, and stir and heat; (3) Heat to 75 °C, dropwise add the remaining mixed solution and the initiator to the reaction vessel in sequence, keep warm for 4 h, cool and discharge to obtain the acrylate adhesive solution.

[0008] Preferably, the preparation method of the selected flame retardant comprises the following steps: Mix diethyl methylphosphonate acrylate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium p-styrenesulfonate, triallyl isocyanate, and deionized water to obtain a uniform pre-emulsion; Add 20 wt% of the pre-emulsion to a reaction vessel, add sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium p-styrenesulfonate, triallyl isocyanate, and deionized water, heat the reaction vessel to 80 °C and stir; Slowly dropwise add the remaining pre-emulsion to the reaction vessel, keep warm for 2 h, dropwise add methyl methacrylate, keep warm for 4 h, cool, wash, and dry the reactants to obtain the flame retardant.

[0009] Preferably, the polyvinyl chloride film comprises the following components by weight: 100 parts of PVC resin, 3 parts of a heat stabilizer, 40 parts of a plasticizer, 15 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 5 parts of a flame retardant material, 0.5 part of stearic acid, and 0.5 part of calcium stearate.

[0010] Preferably, the preparation method of the polyvinyl chloride film comprises the following steps: Pour the PVC resin, the heat stabilizer, the plasticizer, the ammonium polyphosphate, the flame retardant material, stearic acid, and calcium stearate into a high-speed mixer and mix evenly to obtain a mixed material; Pour the mixed materials into a mixer and knead them at a temperature of 150 °C for 4 - 10 min. Then pour the kneaded product into a mold, and hot press it at 160 °C for 5 min and cold press it for 5 min on a flat vulcanizer to obtain a PVC composite material; Preheat the rollers of the calender to 160 - 180 °C, use the calender to calender the PVC composite material, and cool and cut the calendered film to obtain a polyvinyl chloride film.

[0011] Preferably, the initiator is selected from one of azobisisobutyronitrile, benzoyl peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, and azodicarbonamide.

[0012] Preferably, the ionic liquid is selected from one of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate.

[0013] Preferably, the preparation method of the flame retardant material comprises the following steps: Fill nitrogen into the reaction vessel, add toluene into the reaction vessel, dissolve 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide in toluene, heat the reaction vessel to 80 °C, and stir it using a mechanical stirring device; Sequentially add vinyltriethoxysilane and azobisisobutyronitrile into the reaction vessel. After reacting for 24 h, cool the reaction vessel to room temperature, wash the reaction product with deionized water, and perform vacuum drying treatment on the washed product using a vacuum drying oven to obtain the flame retardant material.

[0014] Preferably, the heat stabilizer is selected from one of organotin stabilizers, calcium-zinc stabilizers, and rare earth stabilizers, and the plasticizer is selected from one of dioctyl phthalate, dioctyl adipate, dimethyl sebacate, triphenyl phosphate, and trioctyl phosphate.

[0015] Preferably, the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1. Add isophorone diisocyanate curing agent to the acrylate glue solution, add dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst, stir, let it stand for a period of time until the bubbles disappear, add tributyl phosphate and aluminum hydroxide with a mass fraction ratio of 3:1, stir and perform ultrasonic dispersion, and let it stand for a period of time until the bubbles disappear to obtain a glue solution sample; S2. Lay the polyvinyl chloride film on a coater, coat the glue solution sample on the surface of the polyvinyl chloride film, place the polyvinyl chloride film coated with the glue solution in an oven, and dry it at 70 °C for 5 min to obtain a PVC electrical tape.

[0016] Preferably, the preparation method further comprises the following steps: S21. Trim the PVC electrical tape, use a winding machine to wind the PVC electrical tape into a roll, and package and store the wound PVC electrical tape.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. By introducing benzyl methacrylate in the present invention, a copolymer with a hard and soft segment structure is formed, improving the adhesion and cohesion of the acrylate adhesive solution. The benzene ring structure of benzyl methacrylate forms a hard segment to improve the heat resistance of the adhesive solution, thereby enhancing the comprehensive performance of the PVC electrical tape. 2. By introducing pentafluorobenzyl acrylate in the present invention, the interaction between the acrylate adhesive solution and the adhesion surface is enhanced. The fluorine atoms in pentafluorobenzyl acrylate can reduce the polarity of the molecule, making the adhesive solution easier to penetrate into the tiny gaps of the adherend and improving the adhesion effect of the PVC electrical tape. 3. By introducing a flame retardant in the present invention, diethyl methylphosphonate acrylate is used as the core layer monomer to form a microsphere core with flame retardant properties, improving the flame resistance of the acrylate adhesive solution. Methyl methacrylate is used as the shell layer monomer to ensure the compatibility of the flame retardant with the acrylate adhesive solution. 4. By introducing an ionic liquid in the present invention, the wettability and adhesion of the acrylate adhesive solution to the surface of the adherend are improved. There is an ion-dipole interaction between the imidazole cation in the ionic liquid and the groups of the acrylate copolymer, improving the toughness of the adhesive solution, thereby increasing the peel strength and ensuring the durability of the paste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the acrylate adhesive solution of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the flame retardant of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the polyvinyl chloride film of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the flame retardant material of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the PVC electrical tape of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the ionic liquid of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the initiator of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the heat stabilizer of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1. Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 5 and Figure 7 . A high-viscosity tensile PVC electrical tape includes an acrylate adhesive solution and a polyvinyl chloride film. The acrylate adhesive solution is coated on the polyvinyl chloride film. The preparation method of the PVC electrical tape includes the following steps: (1) Mix 80 parts of butyl acrylate, 20 parts of benzyl methacrylate, 15 parts of pentafluorobenzyl acrylate, 2 parts of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2 parts of acrylic acid, 10 parts of flame retardant, 100 parts of ethyl acetate, 15 parts of ionic liquid, and 0.5 part of initiator evenly to obtain a mixed solution. Add 50 wt% of the mixed solution to a reaction vessel, fill the reaction vessel with nitrogen, add 50 wt% of the initiator to the reaction vessel, stir and heat. After heating to 75 °C, drop the remaining mixed solution into the reaction vessel, keep the temperature for 4 h, cool and discharge to obtain the acrylate adhesive solution; (2) Add isophorone diisocyanate curing agent to the acrylate adhesive solution, add dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst, stir, let stand for a period of time until the bubbles disappear, add tributyl phosphate and aluminum hydroxide with a mass fraction ratio of 3:1, stir and ultrasonically disperse, let stand for a period of time until the bubbles disappear to obtain a glue sample. Lay the polyvinyl chloride film on a coater, coat the glue sample on the surface of the polyvinyl chloride film, place the polyvinyl chloride film coated with the glue in a drying oven, and dry at 70 °C for 5 min to obtain the PVC electrical tape.

[0021] Furthermore, the benzene ring structure of benzyl methacrylate gives it a certain rigidity. When benzyl methacrylate copolymerizes with monomers such as butyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, and acrylic acid, a copolymer with a specific chain segment structure and properties is formed. The benzene ring structure of benzyl methacrylate forms a hard segment in the copolymer, and other monomers form soft segments. The hard and soft segment structure makes the copolymer exhibit good adhesion and cohesion, enabling the prepared acrylate adhesive solution to firmly adhere to the surface of the adherend and maintain a certain strength and toughness when subjected to external forces. At the same time, the hard segment helps to improve the heat resistance of the acrylate adhesive solution, thereby improving the comprehensive performance of the PVC tape; Due to the large electronegativity and small atomic radius of the fluorine atoms in the fluorinated monomer pentafluorobenzyl acrylate, the C-F bond has a shorter bond length and higher bond energy. Compared with the C-C bond and C-H bond, the C-F bond is more difficult to break under high-temperature conditions, thus endowing the copolymer with higher thermal stability and effectively improving the heat resistance of the acrylate adhesive solution. When pentafluorobenzyl acrylate participates in the copolymerization reaction, the fluorine atoms and the benzene ring structure connected to them introduce a certain steric hindrance in the polymer chain segment. This steric hindrance effect prevents the close packing and entanglement of the copolymer chain segments, thereby improving the adhesion performance of the acrylate adhesive solution. At the same time, pentafluorobenzyl acrylate reduces the surface energy of the acrylate adhesive solution and improves the adhesion to the surface of the adherend.

[0022] Example 2, please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 5 and Figure 7 , a high-viscosity tensile PVC electrical tape, comprising an acrylate adhesive solution and a polyvinyl chloride film. The acrylate adhesive solution is coated on the polyvinyl chloride film. The preparation method of the PVC electrical tape comprises the following steps: (1) Mix diethyl methylphosphonate acrylate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium p-styrenesulfonate, triallyl isocyanate, and deionized water to obtain a uniform pre-emulsion. Add 20 wt% of the pre-emulsion to a reaction vessel, add sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium p-styrenesulfonate, triallyl isocyanate, and deionized water. Heat the reaction vessel to 80 °C and stir. Slowly add the remaining pre-emulsion to the reaction vessel, keep warm for 2 h, add methyl methacrylate, keep warm for 4 h, cool, wash, and dry the reactants to obtain a flame retardant; (2) Mix 75 parts of butyl acrylate, 18 parts of benzyl methacrylate, 14 parts of pentafluorobenzyl acrylate, 2 parts of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2 parts of acrylic acid, 9 parts of the flame retardant, 100 parts of ethyl acetate, 15 parts of ionic liquid, and 0.5 part of initiator uniformly to obtain a mixed solution. Add 50 wt% of the mixed solution to a reaction vessel, fill the reaction vessel with nitrogen, add 50 wt% of the initiator to the reaction vessel, stir and heat. After heating to 75 °C, add the remaining mixed solution dropwise to the reaction vessel, keep warm for 4 h, cool and discharge to obtain an acrylate adhesive solution; (3) Add isophorone diisocyanate curing agent to the acrylate adhesive solution, add dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst, stir, let stand for a period of time until the bubbles disappear, add tributyl phosphate and aluminum hydroxide with a mass fraction ratio of 3:1, stir and ultrasonically disperse, let stand for a period of time until the bubbles disappear to obtain a glue sample. Lay the polyvinyl chloride film on a coater, coat the glue sample on the surface of the polyvinyl chloride film, place the polyvinyl chloride film coated with the glue in an oven, and dry at 70 °C for 5 min to obtain the PVC electrical tape.

[0023] Furthermore, using diethyl methylphosphonate acrylate as the core layer monomer, triallyl isocyanate as the core layer crosslinking agent, and methyl methacrylate as the shell layer monomer, a core-shell microsphere flame retardant is prepared. Through the polymerization of diethyl methylphosphonate acrylate, a microsphere core with flame retardant properties is formed. The phosphorus element in diethyl methylphosphonate acrylate can promote the formation of a carbon layer during combustion, isolate heat and oxygen, and dilute the concentration of combustible gases, thereby improving the flame retardant performance of the PVC electrical tape. Polymerization with methyl methacrylate, which has good compatibility with the acrylate adhesive matrix, helps the core-shell microsphere flame retardant to be evenly dispersed in the acrylate adhesive, avoiding a decrease in the performance of the adhesive caused by excessive local concentration of the flame retardant. At the same time, the microsphere structure increases the contact area between the flame retardant and the adhesive, thus improving the flame retardant effect.

[0024] Example 3, please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 8 A high-viscosity tensile PVC electrical tape, comprising an acrylate adhesive and a polyvinyl chloride film, wherein the acrylate adhesive is coated on the polyvinyl chloride film. The preparation method of the PVC electrical tape comprises the following steps: (1) Mix 70 parts of butyl acrylate, 16 parts of benzyl methacrylate, 13 parts of pentafluorobenzyl acrylate, 2 parts of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2 parts of acrylic acid, 8 parts of flame retardant, 100 parts of ethyl acetate, 15 parts of ionic liquid, and 0.5 part of initiator evenly to obtain a mixed solution. Add 50 wt% of the mixed solution to a reaction vessel, fill the reaction vessel with nitrogen, add 50 wt% of the initiator to the reaction vessel, stir and heat. After heating to 75°C, add the remaining mixed solution dropwise to the reaction vessel, keep warm for 4 h, cool and discharge to obtain an acrylate adhesive; (2) Fill the reaction vessel with nitrogen, add toluene to the reaction vessel, dissolve 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide in toluene, heat the reaction vessel to 80°C, stir using a mechanical stirring device, and sequentially add vinyltriethoxysilane and azobisisobutyronitrile to the reaction vessel. After reacting for 24 h, cool the reaction vessel to room temperature, wash the reaction product with deionized water, and perform vacuum drying treatment on the washed product using a vacuum drying oven to obtain a flame retardant material; (3) Pour 100 parts of PVC resin, 3 parts of heat stabilizer, 40 parts of plasticizer, 15 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 5 parts of flame retardant, 0.5 part of stearic acid, and 0.5 part of calcium stearate into a high-speed mixer, mix evenly to obtain a blended material. Pour the blended material into a mixer and knead at a temperature of 150°C for 4 - 10 min. Pour the kneaded product into a mold, and hot press at 160°C for 5 min and cold press for 5 min on a flat vulcanizer to obtain a PVC composite material. Preheat the rollers of a calender to 160 - 180°C, use the calender to calender the PVC composite material, and cool and cut the calendered film to obtain a polyvinyl chloride film; (4) Add isophorone diisocyanate curing agent to the acrylate adhesive solution, add dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst, stir, let stand for a period of time until the bubbles disappear, add tributyl phosphate and aluminum hydroxide with a mass fraction ratio of 3:1, stir and perform ultrasonic dispersion, let stand for a period of time until the bubbles disappear to obtain a glue solution sample. Lay the polyvinyl chloride film on a coater, coat the glue solution sample on the surface of the polyvinyl chloride film, place the polyvinyl chloride film coated with the glue solution in an oven, and dry at 70°C for 5 min to obtain a PVC electrical tape.

[0025] Furthermore, a flame retardant is formed by the addition reaction of 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide and vinyltriethoxysilane. The flame retardant and ammonium polyphosphate are used synergistically in the polyvinyl chloride film, thereby obtaining a flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride film containing phosphorus, nitrogen, and silicon. During the combustion of the PVC electrical tape, ammonium polyphosphate and the flame retardant in the polyvinyl chloride film release gases such as NH3, CO2, and N2, thereby diluting the oxygen concentration around the polyvinyl chloride film and reducing the combustion rate; the phosphate groups generated by the decomposition of ammonium polyphosphate react with the hydroxyl groups in the PVC molecular chain to form phosphate esters. The phosphate esters catalyze the crosslinking of the decomposition products of PVC into carbon at high temperatures to form a carbon layer, isolating heat and oxygen; the active free radicals generated by the thermal decomposition of ammonium polyphosphate and the flame retardant react with the active free radicals generated by the polyvinyl chloride film, thereby inhibiting or terminating the combustion chain reaction; ammonium polyphosphate and the flame retardant have a synergistic effect on the polyvinyl chloride film. While exerting their respective flame retardant effects, they further improve the flame retardant performance of the polyvinyl chloride film by enhancing the flame retardant effect of each other. The phosphate groups released by ammonium polyphosphate promote the formation of the carbon layer, and the Si-O-Si structure released by the flame retardant can enhance the thermal stability of the carbon layer, further enhancing the protective effect of the carbon layer.

[0026] Example 4, please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7A high-viscosity tensile PVC electrical tape comprises an acrylic ester adhesive and a polyvinyl chloride film, wherein the polyvinyl chloride film is coated with the acrylic ester adhesive. The preparation method of the PVC electrical tape comprises the following steps: (1) 70 parts of butyl acrylate, 14 parts of benzyl methacrylate, 12 parts of pentafluorobenzyl acrylate, 2 parts of hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2 parts of acrylic acid, 7 parts of flame retardant, 100 parts of ethyl acetate, 15 parts of ionic liquid and 0.5 parts of initiator are mixed uniformly to obtain a mixed solution, 50 wt% of the mixed solution is added to a reaction container, nitrogen is filled into the reaction container, 50 wt% of the initiator is added to the reaction container, the mixture is stirred and heated, and after heating to 75° C., the remaining mixed solution is added dropwise to the reaction container, the mixture is kept warm for 4 hours, and the mixture is cooled and discharged to obtain an acrylate glue solution; (2) Add isophorone diisocyanate curing agent and dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst to the acrylic adhesive, stir, let stand for a while and wait for the bubbles to disappear, add tributyl phosphate and aluminum hydroxide in a mass fraction ratio of 3:1, stir and ultrasonically disperse, let stand for a while and wait for the bubbles to disappear, to obtain an adhesive sample, lay a polyvinyl chloride film on a coating machine, coat the adhesive sample on the surface of the polyvinyl chloride film, place the polyvinyl chloride film coated with the adhesive in a drying oven, and dry at 70°C for 5 min to obtain a PVC electrical tape.

[0027] Furthermore, the ionic liquid imidazolium cation and the CF3 group in the acrylate copolymer form a strong intermolecular force through ion-dipole interaction. This interaction enables the ionic liquid to be firmly bound to the molecular chain of the acrylate copolymer to form a stable structure. When external force attempts to destroy the structure of the acrylate adhesive, the ion-dipole interaction will break first, thereby dissipating energy and improving the toughness of the acrylate adhesive. At the same time, the ionic liquid itself has a low surface energy. The introduction of ionic liquid into the acrylate adhesive can improve the wettability and adhesion of the acrylate adhesive to the surface of the adherend.

[0028] Example 5, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 A high-viscosity tensile PVC electrical tape comprises an acrylic ester adhesive and a polyvinyl chloride film, wherein the polyvinyl chloride film is coated with the acrylic ester adhesive. The preparation method of the PVC electrical tape comprises the following steps: (1) Mix 70 parts of butyl acrylate, 12 parts of benzyl methacrylate, 11 parts of pentafluorobenzyl acrylate, 2 parts of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2 parts of acrylic acid, 6 parts of flame retardant, 100 parts of ethyl acetate, 15 parts of ionic liquid, and 0.5 part of initiator evenly to obtain a mixed solution. Add 50 wt% of the mixed solution to a reaction vessel, fill the reaction vessel with nitrogen, add 50 wt% of the initiator to the reaction vessel, stir and heat. After heating to 75 °C, drop the remaining mixed solution into the reaction vessel, keep the temperature for 4 h, cool and discharge to obtain an acrylate adhesive solution; (2) Add isophorone diisocyanate curing agent to the acrylate adhesive solution, and add dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst. Stir, and let stand for a period of time until the bubbles disappear. Add tributyl phosphate and aluminum hydroxide with a mass fraction ratio of 3:1, stir and perform ultrasonic dispersion, and let stand for a period of time until the bubbles disappear to obtain a glue sample. Lay a polyvinyl chloride film on a coater, coat the glue sample on the surface of the polyvinyl chloride film, and place the polyvinyl chloride film coated with the glue in an oven and dry at 70 °C for 5 min to obtain a PVC electrical tape.

[0029] Further, adding tributyl phosphate and aluminum hydroxide to the acrylate adhesive solution to obtain a composite flame-retardant adhesive solution, which has excellent adhesion performance while not affecting the mechanical properties of the acrylate adhesive solution, achieving a balance between the mechanical properties and flame-retardant properties of the glue sample. During combustion, compounds such as phosphoric acid and metaphosphoric acid decomposed from tributyl phosphate react with functional groups such as hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups in the acrylate adhesive solution to form a stable phosphate structure. The phosphate structure further crosslinks into carbon at high temperatures to form a dense carbon layer. The carbon layer, as a heat insulation barrier, can effectively isolate the transfer of heat and oxygen and slow down the combustion rate; aluminum hydroxide decomposes when heated, absorbs a large amount of heat, and releases water vapor, thereby reducing the temperature in the combustion area and diluting the concentration of combustible gases, and further inhibiting combustion. At the same time, the alumina residue formed after the decomposition of aluminum hydroxide has a high melting point and stability and can be used as a heat insulation barrier to further isolate the transfer of heat and oxygen. The synergistic effect of tributyl phosphate and aluminum hydroxide further improves the flame retardancy of the PVC electrical tape.

[0030] Example 6, please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 5 and Figure 7 , a high-viscosity tensile PVC electrical tape, comprising an acrylate adhesive solution and a polyvinyl chloride film, the polyvinyl chloride film is coated with an acrylate adhesive solution. The preparation method of the PVC electrical tape comprises the following steps: (1) Mix 70 parts of butyl acrylate, 10 parts of benzyl methacrylate, 10 parts of pentafluorobenzyl acrylate, 2 parts of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2 parts of acrylic acid, 5 parts of flame retardant, 100 parts of ethyl acetate, 15 parts of ionic liquid, and 0.5 part of initiator evenly to obtain a mixed solution. Add 50 wt% of the mixed solution to a reaction vessel, fill the reaction vessel with nitrogen, add 50 wt% of the initiator to the reaction vessel, stir and heat. After heating to 75°C, add the remaining mixed solution dropwise to the reaction vessel, keep warm for 4 h, cool and discharge to obtain an acrylate adhesive solution; (2) Add isophorone diisocyanate curing agent to the acrylate adhesive solution, and add dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst, stir, let stand for a period of time until the bubbles disappear, add tributyl phosphate and aluminum hydroxide with a mass fraction ratio of 3:1, stir and perform ultrasonic dispersion, let stand for a period of time until the bubbles disappear to obtain a sample of the adhesive solution. Lay a polyvinyl chloride film on a coater, coat the sample of the adhesive solution on the surface of the polyvinyl chloride film, place the polyvinyl chloride film coated with the adhesive solution in an oven, and dry at 70°C for 5 min to obtain a PVC electrical tape.

[0031] Further, by adding the curing agent isophorone diisocyanate to the acrylate adhesive solution, the cross-linking reaction between the copolymer molecular chains in the acrylate adhesive solution is promoted, thereby enhancing the cohesive energy of the adhesive solution, making the PVC electrical tape not easily peeled or remain when subjected to an external force, and helping the PVC electrical tape to exhibit better adhesion when adhering to the adherend.

[0032] Comparative Example 1, a high-viscosity tensile PVC electrical tape, comprising an acrylate adhesive solution and a polyvinyl chloride film, the polyvinyl chloride film is coated with the acrylate adhesive solution. The preparation method of the PVC electrical tape comprises the following steps: (1) Mix 80 parts of butyl acrylate, 20 parts of benzyl methacrylate, 15 parts of pentafluorobenzyl acrylate, 2 parts of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2 parts of acrylic acid, 10 parts of flame retardant, 100 parts of ethyl acetate, 10 parts of ionic liquid, and 0.5 part of initiator evenly to obtain a mixed solution. Add 50 wt% of the mixed solution to a reaction vessel, fill the reaction vessel with nitrogen, add 50 wt% of the initiator to the reaction vessel, stir and heat. After heating to 75°C, add the remaining mixed solution dropwise to the reaction vessel, keep warm for 4 h, cool and discharge to obtain an acrylate adhesive solution; (2) Add isophorone diisocyanate curing agent to the acrylate glue solution, add dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst, stir, let stand for a period of time until the bubbles disappear, add tributyl phosphate and aluminum hydroxide with a mass fraction ratio of 3:1, stir and perform ultrasonic dispersion, let stand for a period of time until the bubbles disappear to obtain a glue solution sample. Lay the polyvinyl chloride film on the coater, coat the glue solution sample on the surface of the polyvinyl chloride film, place the polyvinyl chloride film coated with the glue solution in an oven, dry at 70 °C for 5 min to obtain the PVC electrical tape. Comparative Example 2, a high-viscosity tensile PVC electrical tape, comprising an acrylate glue solution and a polyvinyl chloride film, the acrylate glue solution is coated on the polyvinyl chloride film. The preparation method of the PVC electrical tape comprises the following steps: (1) Mix 80 parts of butyl acrylate, 20 parts of benzyl methacrylate, 15 parts of pentafluorobenzyl acrylate, 2 parts of hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2 parts of acrylic acid, 10 parts of flame retardant, 100 parts of ethyl acetate, 15 parts of ionic liquid, and 0.5 part of initiator evenly to obtain a mixed solution. Add 50 wt% of the mixed solution to the reaction vessel, fill the reaction vessel with nitrogen, add 50 wt% of the initiator to the reaction vessel, stir and heat. After heating to 75 °C, add the remaining mixed solution dropwise to the reaction vessel, keep warm for 4 h, cool and discharge to obtain the acrylate glue solution; (2) Add isophorone diisocyanate curing agent to the acrylate glue solution, add dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst, stir, let stand for a period of time until the bubbles disappear, stir and perform ultrasonic dispersion, let stand for a period of time until the bubbles disappear to obtain a glue solution sample. Lay the polyvinyl chloride film on the coater, coat the glue solution sample on the surface of the polyvinyl chloride film, place the polyvinyl chloride film coated with the glue solution in an oven, dry at 70 °C for 5 min to obtain the PVC electrical tape.

[0033] Comparative Example 3, a high-viscosity tensile PVC electrical tape, comprising an acrylate glue solution and a polyvinyl chloride film, the acrylate glue solution is coated on the polyvinyl chloride film. The preparation method of the PVC electrical tape comprises the following steps: (1) Mix 80 parts of butyl acrylate, 20 parts of benzyl methacrylate, 15 parts of pentafluorobenzyl acrylate, 2 parts of hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2 parts of acrylic acid, 5 parts of flame retardant, 100 parts of ethyl acetate, 15 parts of ionic liquid, and 0.5 part of initiator evenly to obtain a mixed solution. Add 50 wt% of the mixed solution to the reaction vessel, fill the reaction vessel with nitrogen, add 50 wt% of the initiator to the reaction vessel, stir and heat. After heating to 75 °C, add the remaining mixed solution dropwise to the reaction vessel, keep warm for 4 h, cool and discharge to obtain the acrylate glue solution; (2) Add isophorone diisocyanate curing agent to the acrylate adhesive solution, and add dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst. Stir, let stand for a period of time until the bubbles disappear, add tributyl phosphate and aluminum hydroxide with a mass fraction ratio of 3:1, stir and perform ultrasonic dispersion, let stand for a period of time until the bubbles disappear to obtain a glue sample. Lay the polyvinyl chloride film on the coater, coat the glue sample on the surface of the polyvinyl chloride film, and place the polyvinyl chloride film coated with the glue in an oven and dry at 70 °C for 5 min to obtain a PVC electrical tape.

[0034] Performance Testing Test 1 Initial Adhesion Performance Test: Cut the PVC electrical tapes prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 into samples of 25 mm × 100 mm. Test according to the national standard GB / T31125-2014 method. Connect the samples end to end to form a ring, clamp the samples in the fixture, and immediately separate them in the reverse direction after the samples come into contact with the test board, and record the maximum force at the time of separation; Test 2 Holding Adhesion Performance Test: Cut the PVC electrical tapes prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 into samples of 25 mm × 100 mm. Test according to the national standard GB / T4851-2014 method. Stick the samples on the test board, align the upper and lower ends with the standard line, use a 2 kg pressure roller to press back and forth 5 times, hang the test board vertically on the testing machine, hang a 1 kg weight at the lower end, and record the falling time; Test 3 Peel Strength Performance Test: Cut the PVC electrical tapes prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 into samples of 25 mm × 100 mm. Test according to the national standard GB / T2792-2014 method. Stick the samples on the test board, use a 2 kg pressure roller to press back and forth 5 times, and use an AR-1000 adhesion release tester for testing, and record the average force during the peeling process.

[0035] Test 4 Heat Resistance Performance Test: Cut the PVC electrical tapes prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 into samples of 50 mm × 50 mm. Stick the samples on the stainless steel plate, use a 2 kg pressure roller to press back and forth 5 times, put them in an oven at 160 °C for 30 min, cool to room temperature, manually peel the PVC electrical tape, and observe the residual glue situation of the PVC electrical tape; Test 5 Flame Retardant Performance Test: Cut the PVC electrical tapes prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 into samples of 25 mm × 100 mm. Test according to the national standard GB / T15903-1995 method, and record the burning length.

[0036] Table 1 Test Results of Sample Mechanical Properties Testing

[0037] Test Results of Heat Resistance and Flame Retardancy Performance Tests of Samples in Table 2

[0038] Working principle: The benzene ring structure of benzyl methacrylate forms hard segments in the copolymer, and the hard segments improve the heat resistance of the glue solution. Other acrylic monomers form soft segments. The structure of hard and soft segments makes the copolymer have good adhesiveness and cohesion. When pentafluorobenzyl acrylate copolymerizes, fluorine atoms and benzene rings introduce steric hindrance, preventing the segments from tightly packing and entangling, and improving the adhesiveness; When preparing the acrylate glue solution, a core-shell microsphere flame retardant is introduced. Tributyl phosphate and aluminum hydroxide are added during the curing of the acrylate glue solution to obtain a composite flame retardant glue solution. The flame retardant material and ammonium polyphosphate are used synergistically for the polyvinyl chloride film, thereby further improving the flame retardancy of the PVC electrical tape; The ionic liquid introduces imidazole cations to form a stable structure in the acrylate copolymer, improving the wettability and adhesiveness of the glue solution to the adherend. By introducing a curing agent, the cohesive energy of the glue solution is enhanced, so that the PVC electrical tape is not easily peeled or left behind when subjected to external forces.

[0039] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claimed rights.

Claims

1. A high-viscosity and tensile PVC electrical tape, characterized in that: It includes an acrylate adhesive solution and a polyvinyl chloride film. The acrylate adhesive solution is coated on the polyvinyl chloride film. The acrylate adhesive solution comprises the following components by weight: 40 - 80 parts of butyl acrylate, 5 - 20 parts of benzyl methacrylate, 10 - 15 parts of pentafluorobenzyl acrylate, 0.5 - 2 parts of hydroxyethyl acrylate, 0.5 - 2 parts of acrylic acid, 5 - 10 parts of a flame retardant, 80 - 100 parts of ethyl acetate, 5 - 15 parts of an ionic liquid, 0.1 - 0.5 parts of an initiator. The preparation method of the acrylate adhesive solution comprises the following steps: Mix butyl acrylate, benzyl methacrylate, pentafluorobenzyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, acrylic acid, the flame retardant, the ionic liquid, ethyl acetate, and the initiator evenly to obtain a mixed solution; Add 50wt% of the mixed solution to a reaction vessel, fill the reaction vessel with nitrogen, add 50wt% of the initiator to the reaction vessel, and stir and heat; Heat to 75°C, dropwise add the remaining mixed solution and the initiator to the reaction vessel in sequence, keep warm for 4h, cool and discharge to obtain the acrylate adhesive solution.

2. The high-viscosity tensile PVC electrical tape according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method selected for the flame retardant comprises the following steps: Mix diethyl methylphosphonate acrylate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium p-styrenesulfonate, triallyl isocyanate, and deionized water to obtain a uniform pre-emulsion; Add 20wt% of the pre-emulsion to a reaction vessel, add sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium p-styrenesulfonate, triallyl isocyanate, and deionized water, heat the reaction vessel to 80°C and stir; Slowly dropwise add the remaining pre-emulsion to the reaction vessel, keep warm for 2h, dropwise add methyl methacrylate, keep warm for 4h, cool, wash, and dry the reactants to obtain the flame retardant.

3. A high-viscosity tensile PVC electrical tape according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyvinyl chloride film comprises the following components by weight: 100 parts of PVC resin, 3 parts of a heat stabilizer, 40 parts of a plasticizer, 15 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 5 parts of a flame retardant material, 0.5 part of stearic acid, 0.5 part of calcium stearate.

4. The high-viscosity tensile PVC electrical tape according to claim 3, wherein: The preparation method of the polyvinyl chloride film comprises the following steps: Pour the PVC resin, heat stabilizer, plasticizer, ammonium polyphosphate, flame retardant material, stearic acid, and calcium stearate into a high-speed mixer and mix evenly to obtain a mixed material; Pour the mixed material into a mixer, mix at a temperature of 150°C for 4 - 10 min, pour the mixed product into a mold, and hot press at 160°C for 5 min and cold press for 5 min on a flat vulcanizer to obtain a PVC composite material; Preheat the rollers of a calender to 160 - 180°C, use the calender to calender the PVC composite material, and cool and cut the calendered film to obtain the polyvinyl chloride film.

5. A high-viscosity and tensile PVC electrical tape according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initiator is selected from one of azobisisobutyronitrile, dibenzoyl peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, and azodicarbonamide.

6. A high-viscosity tensile PVC electrical tape according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ionic liquid is selected from one of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate.

7. A high-viscosity tensile PVC electrical tape according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the flame retardant material comprises the following steps: Charge nitrogen into the reaction vessel, add toluene into the reaction vessel, dissolve 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide in toluene, heat the reaction vessel to 80 °C, and stir using a mechanical stirring device; Add vinyltriethoxysilane and azobisisobutyronitrile into the reaction vessel in sequence. After reacting for 24 h, cool the reaction vessel to room temperature, wash the reaction product with deionized water, and perform vacuum drying treatment on the washed product using a vacuum drying oven to obtain a flame retardant material.

8. A high-viscosity tensile PVC electrical tape according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat stabilizer is selected from one of organic tin stabilizers, calcium zinc stabilizers, and rare earth stabilizers, and the plasticizer is selected from one of dioctyl phthalate, dioctyl adipate, dimethyl sebacate, triphenyl phosphate, and trioctyl phosphate.

9. A preparation method of a high-viscosity and tensile PVC electrical tape, applicable to the high-viscosity and tensile PVC electrical tape described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The preparation method includes the following steps: S1. Add isophorone diisocyanate curing agent into the acrylate glue solution, add dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst, stir, let stand for a period of time until the bubbles disappear, add tributyl phosphate and aluminum hydroxide with a mass fraction ratio of 3:1, stir and perform ultrasonic dispersion, and let stand for a period of time until the bubbles disappear to obtain a glue solution sample; S2. Lay the polyvinyl chloride film on the coater, coat the glue solution sample on the surface of the polyvinyl chloride film, place the polyvinyl chloride film coated with the glue solution in a drying oven, and dry at 70 °C for 5 min to obtain a PVC electrical tape.

10. The preparation method of a high-viscosity and tensile PVC electrical tape according to claim 9, characterized in that: The preparation method further includes the following steps: S21. Trim the PVC electrical tape, wind the PVC electrical tape into a roll using a winder, and package and store the wound PVC electrical tape.

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