Preparation method of electroluminescent fiber and auxiliary communication electroluminescent device prepared from electroluminescent fiber

Abstract

The invention relates to an electroluminescent device, in particular to a preparation method of an electroluminescent fiber and an auxiliary communication electroluminescent device prepared by the electroluminescent fiber, and belongs to the technical field of flexible wearable electronic devices. According to the method, firstly, flexible alternating-current electroluminescent yarns are manufactured, then patterns are manually sewn on the clothes, finally, the yarns are connected with a sound sensor in series, and manufacturing of the alternating-current electroluminescent devices capable of making different displays on the clothes according to sound signals is completed. After the alternating-current electroluminescent device is connected with a sound sensor, the prepared display device can quickly respond to external sound signals, so that people with difficulty can be helped to solve the confronted communication difficulty, and the application scene of the alternating-current electroluminescent device is expanded. The display part of the clothes hanger runs stably on clothes, and is high in display brightness and good in flexibility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an electroluminescent device, and particularly to a preparation method of an electroluminescent fiber and an auxiliary communication electroluminescent device obtained thereby, belonging to the technical field of flexible wearable electronic devices. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, flexible alternating current electroluminescent devices have received extensive research from all walks of life due to their advantages such as fast response time, low energy consumption, and high brightness, bringing new vitality to the display field. Through various physical or chemical methods, materials are innovated by combining electroluminescent technology and textile technology to develop a new type of flexible alternating current electroluminescent yarn.

[0003] With the continuous development of flexible electronics and smart textiles, flexible alternating current electroluminescent yarns are promoted to the textile field. Existing applications include fashion design and functional clothing, such as safety clothing and night running clothing, to improve night visibility and provide visual feedback. Although electroluminescent fibers can integrate functional luminous fibers into textiles through knitting, weaving, or braiding, the advantages of flexibility and flexibility of the yarns are not fully utilized during application. Moreover, during application, only the single display function of the yarn is shown, and the application scenarios are greatly limited, and integration with other components is required to expand the application.

[0004] From a market perspective, the demand for smart wearable devices and personalized customization is increasing continuously. Flexible alternating current electroluminescent yarns have a broad market due to their unique properties, but new application scenarios need to be explored. Multifunctional sensors can meet various requirements, and alternating current electroluminescent yarns can be combined with sensors to promote new possibilities for the application of flexible alternating current electroluminescent yarns. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of an electroluminescent fiber. The preparation method is simple and easy to operate. As a conductive yarn, the electroluminescent fiber can have various display forms, and at the same time, it can achieve high brightness, simultaneous light emission, and auxiliary communication performance.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

[0007] A preparation method of an electroluminescent fiber, the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1: Preparing a light-emitting layer by electrospinning: Mixing an electroluminescent material, a solvent, and a polymer as a binder, stirring to obtain a light-emitting spinning solution, and loading the electroluminescent material onto the surface of a conductive fiber by electrospinning to obtain a conductive fiber with a light-emitting layer;

[0009] The electroluminescent material is selected from one or more of ZnS:Mn, ZnS:Cl, ZnS:Cu, ZnS:Cu,Cl, and ZnS:Mn,Cu,Cl; the polymer is selected from one of styrene-butadiene-styrene, polyurethane, and polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene;

[0010] The mass ratio of the electroluminescent material to the polymer is (2-6):1;

[0011] S2: Dip-coating to prepare the dielectric layer: Immerse the conductive fiber in the PDMS diluent, then slowly pull it out at a constant speed, and obtain a uniformly loaded dielectric layer after drying;

[0012] The PDMS diluent is a mixture of a PDMS precursor solution and n-hexane in a mass ratio of 1:(1-3);

[0013] S3: Construct the outer electrode: Load the outer electrode on the surface of the dielectric layer by winding and / or coating to obtain the electroluminescent fiber;

[0014] S4: Insulating encapsulation: Coat a transparent insulating polymer on the outside of the electroluminescent fiber, and obtain the electroluminescent fiber with a transparent encapsulation layer on the outermost layer after drying; the insulating polymer is one or more of epoxy resin, acrylate resin, polyurethane resin, polytetrafluoroethylene resin, polyvinylidene fluoride resin, and silicone resin.

[0015] Preferably, the conductive fiber includes one or more of metal conductive fiber, metal particle-coated chemical fiber, carbon fiber, ion gel fiber, and conductive polymer composite fiber; the particle size of the electroluminescent material is 20-60 μm, preferably 20-30 μm; the solvent is a mixture of N,N-dimethylformamide and acetone in a mass ratio of (1-2):1. Such a selection enables the conductive fiber to provide good electrical conductivity, an appropriate particle size of the electroluminescent material ensures uniform dispersion during the electrospinning process, and a specific ratio of the solvent guarantees good solubility and processing performance of the polymer.

[0016] Preferably, in S1, the electroluminescent material is ZnS:Cu phosphor, and the polymer is polyvinylidene fluoride - hexafluoropropylene. The mass ratio of ZnS:Cu phosphor to polyvinylidene fluoride - hexafluoropropylene is 3:1. In S2, the PDMS diluent is prepared by mixing PDMS and n - hexane in a mass ratio of 1:(2 - 3). The PDMS precursor solution is obtained by stirring and mixing the basic components of the PDMS precursor and the curing agent in a mass ratio of (6 - 12):1 (preferably 10:1). The ZnS:Cu phosphor provides excellent blue - green luminescence, polyvinylidene fluoride - hexafluoropropylene has good chemical stability and mechanical strength, and the mass ratio of 3:1 ensures the optimal loading of the luminescent material. The ratio of PDMS to n - hexane ensures the appropriate viscosity and coating thickness of the dielectric layer, and the ratio of the precursor to the curing agent guarantees the optimal mechanical properties of the dielectric layer.

[0017] Preferably, in S1, the steps for preparing the luminescent spinning solution are as follows: first, the polymer is formulated into a polymer solution with a solid content of 15% - 25%, and then the electroluminescent material is added and mixed to obtain the luminescent spinning solution. The process parameters of electrospinning are: flow rate 0.5 - 2.5 mL / hr, rotation speed 100 - 300 rpm, and moving speed 0.7 - 2.7 mm / s. In S2, the drying conditions are: temperature 80 - 120 °C, time 15 - 30 min. The drying conditions in S4 are: temperature 80 - 150 °C, time 30 - 50 min. The insulating polymer is selected from one or more of epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, polyvinylidene fluoride resin, or silicone resin. These preferred ranges of process parameters ensure the controllability and repeatability of the preparation process. The solid content range guarantees the appropriate viscosity of the spinning solution, the electrospinning parameters ensure the uniformity of the luminescent layer, and the drying conditions ensure the full curing of each functional layer without damaging the material itself.

[0018] Preferably, in S3, when the outer electrode is prepared by the winding method, the pitch is 0.5 - 0.9 mm. When the outer electrode is loaded by the coating method, the surface of the dielectric layer needs to be subjected to plasma treatment to improve hydrophilicity. The plasma treatment power is 120 - 160 W, the treatment time is 2 - 6 min, and then the conductive solution is dip - coated. The dip - coating time is 10 - 30 s, and the number of dip - coating times is 3 - 5 times. After dip - coating, it is dried at a temperature of 60 - 150 °C, preferably 80 - 100 °C. Preferably, the conductive solution is a silver nanowire dispersion, which is obtained by diluting silver nanowires (AgNWs) and absolute ethanol in a volume ratio of 1:(2 - 6). The volume ratio of silver nanowires (AgNWs) to absolute ethanol is preferably 1:5. The preferred parameters of this outer electrode preparation method ensure the uniform coverage and good conductivity of the electrode. The selection of the pitch takes into account both conductivity and flexibility. Plasma treatment greatly improves the adhesion of metal particles to the dielectric layer, and the ratio of the silver nanowire dispersion ensures the balance between the transparency and conductivity of the coating.

[0019] An auxiliary communication electroluminescent device integrated with a sound sensor, comprising: an electroluminescent fiber, the structure of which sequentially includes a conductive fiber, a light-emitting layer, a dielectric layer, an outer electrode layer, and a packaging layer from the inside out. The outer surface of the dielectric layer is wound and / or coated with an outer electrode, and the outer electrode is a metal wire and / or metal particles; the electroluminescent fiber is prepared by the above method; a sound sensor, connected in series with the electroluminescent fiber, for converting a sound signal into an electrical signal for controlling the electroluminescence of the electroluminescent fiber. This integrated design realizes the conversion between sound and visual signals, expands the application scenarios of electroluminescent fibers, and is particularly suitable for the field of auxiliary communication.

[0020] Preferably, the metal wire is one of silver wire, copper wire, silver-plated copper wire, steel wire, titanium wire, or tungsten wire; the metal particles are one of conductive silver paste, silver nanowire, copper nanowire, or nano silver. The selection of these metal materials provides different choices of electrical conductivity, flexibility, and cost, and can be optimally selected according to actual application requirements.

[0021] Preferably, the electroluminescent fiber is fixed on the surface of the clothing in a way of embroidery, weaving in, or sewing to form a display pattern; the sound sensor is connected to the electroluminescent fiber through a commercial wire. The sound sensor includes a driving component and a sensing component, and is used to detect sounds of different intensities or frequencies and convert them into corresponding driving signals. This application design enables the electroluminescent device to be integrated with the clothing in a flexible manner to form a personalized display, while ensuring the reliable operation of the system.

[0022] Preferably, the number of strands of the conductive silver wire in the series connection is one of 30D, 40D, 50D, 70D, or 140D; the alternating current electroluminescent fiber hand-sewn on the clothing is connected to the conductive silver wire and then serially connected to the connection component of the sound sensor in turn. This connection method and wire diameter selection ensure the stability and reliability of the circuit, while maintaining sufficient flexibility and comfort, and are suitable for wearable applications.

[0023] The present invention first manufactures flexible alternating current electroluminescent yarns, then hand-sews patterns on the clothing, and finally uses series connection to connect the yarns to the sound sensor to complete the manufacture of an alternating current electroluminescent device on the clothing that makes different displays according to sound signals. After being connected to the sound sensor, the prepared display device can quickly respond to external sound signals, help disabled people solve the communication difficulties they face, and expand the application scenarios of alternating current electroluminescent devices. Its display component operates stably on the clothing, has high display brightness, and good flexibility. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] 1. The method of the present invention can present different displays by changing the different forms of the alternating current electroluminescent yarn. Due to the flexibility and flexibility of the yarn, the display form is broadened, and it is different from ordinary yarns in that it can achieve coordinated, multi-mode, and high-brightness light emission.

[0025] 2. In the present invention, the preparation process of the yarn combines the electrospinning technology with the coating method to realize a new preparation process. Through the combination of the two methods, the continuous processing of the yarn can be realized, which has the advantages of small pollution, green, low cost, high efficiency, etc., and is suitable for industrial production.

[0026] 3. The sound sensor integrated auxiliary communication electroluminescent device prepared by the present invention is applicable to a variety of scenarios, can be adjusted as needed, has high accuracy, good flexibility, excellent mechanical properties, short response time, and broadens the application scenarios of flexible alternating current electroluminescent yarns.

[0027] 4. The series-parallel connection design of the present invention enables the electroluminescent fibers to be flexibly combined to form a variety of display modes and achieve complex visual effects, which is particularly suitable for intelligent clothing application fields such as auxiliary communication. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 Block diagram of a sound sensor integrated with an ACEL device for speech recognition and volume detection;

[0029] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the external function division of an intelligent alarm with a sound sensing visual display system;

[0030] Figure 3 Using ACEL fibers to hand-embroider text patterns and alternately illuminate according to the change of sound intensity;

[0031] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of an intelligent electronic garment with a sound sensing visual display system realizing barrier-free communication for hearing-impaired persons;

[0032] Figure 5 In an intelligent electronic garment equipped with a sound sensing visual display system, precise word / sentence illumination is controlled by speech recognition;

[0033] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of a series-connected sound sensing visual display system;

[0034] Figure 7 EL driving different channel voltage values at a frequency of 0.52 kHz (the inset is a schematic diagram of the comparative example of a low-voltage driven sample);

[0035] Figure 8 Analysis diagram of the brightness of the device versus voltage at different frequencies;

[0036] Figure 9 It is an analysis diagram of the tensile ratio of different cycles after fiber braiding (the left illustration is the tensile diagram after fiber braiding, and the right is the bending diagram after fiber braiding). Specific implementation mode

[0037] The following further specifically describes the technical solution of the present invention through specific embodiments. It should be understood that the implementation of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and any form of modification and / or change made to the present invention will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all parts and percentages are in weight units, and the equipment and raw materials used can be purchased from the market or are commonly used in the art. The methods in the following embodiments are conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified.

[0039] The reagents used in the following embodiments can be purchased from a conventional biochemical reagent store unless otherwise specified.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] An electroluminescent fiber, whose structure sequentially includes a conductive fiber, a light-emitting layer, a dielectric layer, an outer electrode layer, and a packaging layer from the inside out. The preparation method steps are as follows:

[0042] (1) Electrospinning to prepare the light-emitting layer: First, mix N,N-dimethylformamide and acetone (mass ratio 3:2) as a solvent, prepare a polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene solution with a solid content of 10%, and then add ZnS:Cu phosphor in a mass ratio of ZnS:Cu phosphor to polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene of 3:1 for mixing. After stirring evenly, a light-emitting spinning solution is obtained. The electroluminescent material is loaded onto the surface of silver-plated nylon fibers through electrospinning to obtain conductive fibers with a light-emitting layer. The spinning process parameters are: flow rate 0.8 mL / hr, rotation speed 160 rpm, and moving speed 1.0 mm / s.

[0043] (2) Dip coating to prepare the dielectric layer:

[0044] Prepare a PDMS precursor solution, which is obtained by stirring and mixing the basic components of the PDMS precursor and the curing agent in a mass ratio of 10:1. Mix the PDMS precursor solution and n-hexane in a mass ratio of 1:2 to obtain a PDMS diluent. Immerse the conductive fibers obtained in (1) into the prepared PDMS diluent, and then slowly pull them out evenly. Dry them at 100 °C for 20 min to obtain a uniformly loaded dielectric layer.

[0045] (3) Construct the outer electrode layer: Wind copper wire (diameter 0.05 mm) around the dielectric layer with a pitch of 0.4 mm, then perform plasma treatment on it (120 W, 2 min), and then immerse the treated dielectric layer in a silver nanowire dispersion (a mixture of silver nanowires and absolute ethanol with a volume ratio of 1:5) for 10 s. Take it out and dry it at 80 °C, and repeat 5 times to form a uniformly distributed silver nanowire outer electrode layer on the surface of the dielectric layer.

[0046] (4) Insulating encapsulation: Coat silicone resin on the outside of the electroluminescent fiber, and obtain a transparent encapsulation layer after drying at 100 °C for 30 min to obtain an electroluminescent fiber (referred to as yarn).

[0047] Supplementary Example 1: Perform performance analysis on the prepared yarn

[0048] 1. Brightness analysis: The luminescence picture of the electroluminescent fiber prepared in Example 1 is as attached Figure 8 shown. The brightness displayed is different at different applied voltages, and the brightness will gradually increase as the voltage increases. At a driving frequency of 10 kHz and a voltage of 700 V, the brightness can reach 285.2 cd / m 2 . Notably, during continuous operation for 100 h, the brightness of the fiber can be maintained at 91.6%. The device is not only bright enough but also has excellent long-term stability.

[0049] 2. Flexibility analysis: As attached Figure 9 shown, the prepared electroluminescent fiber has excellent flexibility and can be bent, folded, sheared, etc. arbitrarily. When bent by 50%, it can still emit light stably. Even after 1000 bending cycle tests, it can still maintain 97.5% of the initial brightness and has good shape retention.

[0050] Comparative Example 1

[0051] The driving voltage and frequency are the most important factors affecting the luminescence effect of the yarn, and the voltage plays an important role in the performance of the device.

[0052] Different from Supplementary Example 1: The electroluminescent fiber prepared in Example 1 is driven at a low frequency of 0.52 kHz. To verify the effect of the selected frequency parameter, the operation results of the comparative example are as attached Figure 7 shown in the illustration. The pattern prepared by the yarn at low voltage is not completely displayed, there is a problem of partial lighting, and the brightness between the lit parts is uneven and the brightness cannot meet the specified requirements for luminescence display. The overall luminescence effect is also unstable and is easily affected by the environment such as external forces. And a single yarn does not have a sensing function and can only be used for display, lacking functional applications.

[0053] Application Example 1

[0054] An auxiliary communication electroluminescent device integrated with a sound sensor, in which the electroluminescent fiber prepared in Example 1 is directly connected in series with the sound sensor through a copper strip, so that the sound signal is converted into an electrical signal for controlling the electroluminescence of the electroluminescent fiber, and it is determined whether the yarn can change the display according to the sound by making a sound.

[0055] The prepared electroluminescent fiber series-connected sound sensor device has high brightness during display and good flexibility of the yarn. It can still maintain stable operation after bending, shearing, folding, and washing, and shows a negligible change in brightness. The device can change in different modes with the sound signal and has a good sensing effect.

[0056] Application Example 2

[0057] An auxiliary communication electroluminescent device integrated with a sound sensor implemented on clothing, in which the electroluminescent fiber prepared in Example 1 is directly connected in series with the sound sensor through a copper strip, so that the sound signal is converted into an electrical signal for controlling the electroluminescence of the electroluminescent fiber, and it is determined whether the yarn can change the display according to the sound by making a sound.

[0058] The commercial wire used is a letter wire for easy installation and disassembly. Compared with ordinary clip-type wires, it has a smaller usage area, is convenient and firm to connect.

[0059] Manually sew the alternating current electroluminescent fiber on the sweatshirt according to the required pattern, connect the conductive fiber of the yarn with the outer electrode and the commercial wire, and form a conductive circuit by winding a copper strip outside. Different display parts are connected in the same way respectively, and different components are connected in series. Then connect the series-connected yarn with the sound sensor. The sound sensor includes a driving part and a sensing part, and the connection part of the sound sensor is designed as a female buckle according to the letter wire for easy connection. In addition, the sound sensor is designed as a thin sheet, with a small area, light weight, and high adaptability to clothing. The specific preparation process block diagram is as shown in the appendix Figure 1 shown, and the specific connection circuit with the sound sensor is as shown in the appendix Figure 6 shown.

[0060] An auxiliary communication electroluminescent device integrated with a sound sensor prepared by connecting with the sound sensor can convert sound into a signal and display it on clothing through the electroluminescent fiber, and can make different feedbacks according to different sound signals, as shown in the appendix Figure 2 , 3, 4, 5 shown, which can provide help for the deaf and mute and be used for auxiliary communication, etc., broadening the application scenarios.

[0061] In addition, the sound sensing visual display system prepared on clothing has been tested in many aspects. It runs stably, has a short response time, can withstand various environmental changes without affecting the display function, and has high accuracy.

[0062] Comparative Example 2

[0063] Different from Application Example 2, the use on clothing only operates as a display system with patterns and is not connected to a sensor.

[0064] The presented effect shows that it only allows manual adjustment to change the mode. Since it is not connected to components such as sensors, it cannot respond to signals such as environmental changes. The effect is relatively single and can only be used for light-emitting display, with a small application range.

[0065] Comparative Example 3

[0066] Application Example 2 is to prepare an auxiliary communication electroluminescent device integrated with a sound sensor by connecting electroluminescent fibers in series with a sound sensor; different from Application Example 2, Comparative Example 3 is to prepare a planar electroluminescent device by spraying and then connect it with a sound sensor. It successively includes a fabric substrate, a polyurethane film substrate, a bottom electrode, a dielectric layer, a light-emitting layer, a silver nanowire top electrode, a series of silver wire connections, and a TPU encapsulation layer. The preparation method steps are as follows:

[0067] (1) Fabric planarization, mask production, preparation of a patterned liquid metal bottom electrode: A TPU film is thermally pressed on the fabric surface as a substrate. This flat layer makes the fabric surface flat, enabling better uniformity for subsequent layers compared to directly coating or spraying on the fabric. The thermal pressing temperature is 165 °C;

[0068] Design various different patterns on the computer and obtain a mask for coating and spraying each functional layer by cutting with a plotter;

[0069] Attach the mask to the TPU film and spray the bottom electrode on the surface of the TPU film not covered by the mask to form a fabric device with a patterned bottom electrode, with the substrate being the TPU film.

[0070] (2) Spray the dielectric layer: Spray dielectric ink on the liquid metal bottom electrode of the fabric device to form a dielectric layer on the surface of the bottom electrode. After spraying the dielectric ink, dry it at 80 °C for 15 minutes; the dielectric ink is a mixed solution of nanometer barium titanate, PVDF-HFP, and isophorone with a weight ratio of 3:1:8.

[0071] (3) Spray the light-emitting layer: Spray light-emitting ink on the dielectric layer and dry it at 80 °C for 15 minutes. After the solvent of the light-emitting layer completely volatilizes, lift the mask and perform a second spraying, also drying it at 80 °C for 15 minutes to form the light-emitting layer;

[0072] (4) Spray the silver nanowire top electrode: Spray the silver nanowire dispersion liquid on the light-emitting layer and air-dry it at room temperature to form a transparent top electrode. The silver nanowire dispersion liquid is a dispersion liquid with a concentration of 2 mg / mL prepared by dispersing silver nanowires in a mixture of isopropanol and ethanol with a volume ratio of 1:10;

[0073] (5) Series electroluminescent device

[0074] Coat an insulating layer on the conductive silver wire by electrospinning the polyurethane solution to obtain an insulating conductive silver wire; the polyurethane solution is a mixed solution of polyurethane and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and the weight ratio of polyurethane to DMF is 1:3;

[0075] Connect the bottom electrode and the top electrode of the device obtained in step (4) in series through the insulating conductive silver wire, and use two silver wires to connect the bottom electrode and the top electrode at both ends of the device respectively to obtain a series electroluminescent device.

[0076] The number of strands of the conductive silver wire is 30D, 40D, 50D, 70D, 140D, and the silver wires with 40D and 50D strands have the best performance.

[0077] (6) Encapsulate the electroluminescent device: Place the polyurethane film (TPU) on the device and the insulating silver wire, and perform thermal pressing encapsulation. The thermal pressing temperature is 160 °C and the thermal pressing time is 20 s.

[0078] (7) Connect the series sound sensor: Connect the insulating silver wire to the sound sensor, but when connecting, the insulating part on the surface of the insulating silver wire at the connection part needs to be removed, and the exposed part is connected to the sound sensor to conduct electricity and has a sensing function.

[0079] Although the fabricated planar electroluminescent device can also be designed according to different needs and then realized by cutting with a lettering machine, due to its two-dimensional characteristics, it can only be presented in a planar form, and its flexibility is not as good as that of the yarn. Moreover, the yarn can be woven to achieve complex 3D shapes, which can better adapt to non-planar environments. Especially when it is applied to clothing, it is suitable for dynamic deformation scenarios such as human joint parts. It can also be woven into one body with different fibers, endowing it with more properties, reducing seams, and generating less waste. Moreover, when connecting to the sound sensor, the planar one needs to connect the insulating silver wire, and the exposed part of the silver wire is required to form a conductive circuit, and its convenience is far less than that of the yarn.

[0080] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and reference can be made to the description in the method part for the relevant parts.

Claims

1. A preparation method of an electroluminescent fiber, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1: Preparing a light-emitting layer by electrospinning: Mixing an electroluminescent material, a solvent, and a polymer as a binder, stirring to obtain a light-emitting spinning solution, and loading the electroluminescent material onto the surface of a conductive fiber by electrospinning to obtain a conductive fiber with a light-emitting layer; The electroluminescent material is selected from one or more of ZnS:Mn, ZnS:Cl, ZnS:Cu, ZnS:Cu,Cl, and ZnS:Mn,Cu,Cl; the polymer is selected from one of styrene-butadiene-styrene, polyurethane, and polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene; The mass ratio of the electroluminescent material to the polymer is (2-6):1; S2: Preparing a dielectric layer by dip coating: Immersing the conductive fiber in a PDMS diluent, then slowly pulling it out at a constant speed, and drying to obtain a uniformly loaded dielectric layer; The PDMS diluent is prepared by mixing a PDMS precursor solution and n-hexane at a mass ratio of 1:(1-3); S3: Constructing an external electrode: Loading the external electrode onto the surface of the dielectric layer in a winding and / or coating manner to obtain an electroluminescent fiber; S4: Insulating encapsulation: Coating a transparent insulating polymer on the outside of the electroluminescent fiber, and drying to obtain an electroluminescent fiber with a transparent encapsulation layer on the outermost layer; the insulating polymer is one or more of epoxy resin, acrylate resin, polyurethane resin, polytetrafluoroethylene resin, polyvinylidene fluoride resin, or silicone resin.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein: The conductive fiber includes one or more of a metal conductive fiber, a metal particle-coated chemical fiber, a carbon fiber, an ion gel fiber, and a conductive polymer composite fiber; The particle size of the electroluminescent material is 20-60 μm, preferably 20-30 μm; The solvent is a mixture of N,N-dimethylformamide and acetone at a mass ratio of (1-2):

1.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein: In S1, the electroluminescent material is ZnS:Cu phosphor, the polymer is polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene, and the mass ratio of the ZnS:Cu phosphor to polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene is 3:1; In S2, the PDMS diluent is prepared by mixing PDMS and n-hexane at a mass ratio of 1:(2-3); the PDMS precursor solution is obtained by stirring and mixing the basic components of the PDMS precursor and a curing agent at a mass ratio of (6-12):1 (preferably (10:1).

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein: In S1, the steps of preparing the light-emitting spinning solution are: first preparing a polymer solution with a solid content of 15%-25% from the polymer, and then adding the electroluminescent material: mixing to obtain the light-emitting spinning solution; the process parameters of electrospinning are: flow rate 0.5-2.5 mL / hr, rotation speed 100-300 rpm, and moving speed 0.7-2.7 mm / s; In S2, the drying conditions are: temperature 80-120 °C, time 15-30 min; The drying conditions in S4 are as follows: temperature 80 - 150 °C, time 30 - 50 min; the insulating polymer is selected from one or more of epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, polyvinylidene fluoride resin, or silicone resin.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, when the outer electrode is prepared by the winding method, the pitch is 0.5 - 0.9 mm; When the outer electrode is loaded by the coating method, the surface of the dielectric layer needs to be treated by plasma to improve hydrophilicity. The plasma treatment power is 120 - 160 W, the treatment time is 2 - 6 min, and then the conductive solution is dip-coated. The dip-coating time is 10 - 30 s, the number of dip-coating times is 3 - 5 times. After dip-coating, the temperature is 60 - 150 °C.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that The conductive solution is a silver nanowire dispersion, which is diluted from silver nanowires (AgNWs) and absolute ethanol at a volume ratio of 1:(2 - 6).

7. An auxiliary communication electroluminescent device integrated with a sound sensor, characterized in that, It includes: An electroluminescent fiber, whose structure sequentially includes a conductive fiber, a light-emitting layer, a dielectric layer, an outer electrode layer, and a packaging layer from the inside out. The outer surface of the dielectric layer is wound and / or coated with an outer electrode, and the outer electrode is a metal wire and / or metal particles; the electroluminescent fiber is prepared by the method of claim 1; A sound sensor, connected in series with the electroluminescent fiber, for converting a sound signal into an electrical signal for controlling the electroluminescent fiber to emit light.

8. The auxiliary communication electroluminescent device integrated with a sound sensor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The metal wire is one of silver wire, copper wire, silver-plated copper wire, steel wire, titanium wire, or tungsten wire; the metal particles are one of conductive silver paste, silver nanowires, copper nanowires, or nano silver.

9. The auxiliary communication electroluminescent device integrated with a sound sensor according to claim 7, wherein The electroluminescent fiber is fixed on the surface of the clothing in the way of embroidery, weaving, or sewing to form a display pattern; The sound sensor and the electroluminescent fiber are connected by a commercial wire. The sound sensor includes a driving component and a sensing component, and is used to detect sounds of different intensities or frequencies and convert them into corresponding driving signals.

10. The auxiliary communication electroluminescent device integrated with the sound sensor according to claim 7, characterized in that The number of strands of the conductive silver wire in the series connection is one of 30D, 40D, 50D, 70D, 140D; the alternating current electroluminescent fiber sewn by hand on the clothing is connected to the conductive silver wire and then sequentially connected to the connection components of the sound sensor in series.

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