Air guide structure, air conveying device and hot air circulation drying machine

Abstract

The invention discloses an air guide structure, and relates to drying. The tray is placed at the upper part of the bearing frame; the air guide cylinder is fixedly mounted in the middle of the tray, and air guide holes are formed in the circumferential surface of the air guide cylinder; the blades are axially and fixedly mounted on the tray; a base; the rotating shaft is rotationally mounted on the base, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the bearing frame at the bottommost part; and the driving part is fixedly mounted in the base, and the driving part is used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate. When the bearing frame drives the tray to rotate, under the action of centrifugal force, hot air can flow in the radial direction of the tray so as to dry cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum placed on the tray, meanwhile, hot air flow or hot air can flow downwards in the air guide barrel in the axial direction of the air guide barrel, hot air on the upper portion is sucked into the bottom, and the cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum is dried. And vertical circulation of the hot air is achieved, so that the hot air flows through the cordyceps militaris or the lucid ganoderma at the bottom to dry the cordyceps militaris or the lucid ganoderma at the bottom.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a drying device, in particular to an air guiding structure, a pneumatic conveying device and a hot air circulation dryer. Background Art

[0002] As precious materials that can be used both as medicine and food, the drying processes of Cordyceps militaris and Ganoderma lucidum are similar. The purpose of drying is to maintain the stability of the active ingredients and quality of the materials, remove moisture to extend the shelf life, and retain the active ingredients to the greatest extent. Components such as triterpenoids and polysaccharides in Ganoderma lucidum and cordycepin and adenosine in Cordyceps militaris are sensitive to heat and need to avoid degradation by controlling the drying conditions. Low-temperature drying technology (usually controlled at 40-60°C) is adopted. During the drying process of Ganoderma lucidum and Cordyceps militaris, it is necessary to ensure uniform heating to avoid mildew or uneven distribution of active ingredients caused by excessive local humidity. When drying, special attention should be paid to the smooth transition of temperature to avoid cracking or discoloration of Ganoderma lucidum or Cordyceps militaris due to excessive temperature fluctuations.

[0003] Therefore, during drying, a segmented drying method is mostly adopted. In the initial stage (when the moisture content of Ganoderma lucidum or Cordyceps militaris is high), a low temperature of 40-50°C is used to avoid surface hardening; in the later stage, it is gradually increased to 50-60°C to accelerate drying. However, when drying Ganoderma lucidum or Cordyceps militaris, since the hot air flow inside the drying box, the higher the temperature of the hot air flow, the smaller its density, and it mostly concentrates on the upper part of the drying box. The temperature on the upper side inside the drying box is significantly slightly higher than that on the lower side. Even in the case of flow, the temperature on the upper part of the drying box forms a laminar flow (i.e., horizontal flow), and the temperature on the top of the inner cavity of the drying box is also slightly greater than that on the bottom. To improve the drying uniformity of Ganoderma lucidum or Cordyceps militaris, the common practice is: during the drying process, manually adjust the positions of the upper and lower trays at regular intervals to ensure the uniformity and unity of drying. For Cordyceps militaris, the position is generally changed every 2 hours, and for Ganoderma lucidum during the early stage of drying (high-temperature moisture removal stage), the upper and lower layers need to be adjusted every hour, during the middle stage (constant-temperature drying stage), they are exchanged every 2-3 hours, and in the later stage (low-temperature finishing stage), the upper and lower layers are exchanged every 4-6 hours. The current practice is to stop the machine to change the position. When it is restarted, the temperature inside the drying box still needs to be reheated to the required temperature. This results in relatively high energy consumption, and each time the machine is started, the temperature of Ganoderma lucidum or Cordyceps militaris is heated from room temperature to the required temperature, and the temperature fluctuation of Ganoderma lucidum or Cordyceps militaris is relatively large, which is likely to cause cracking or discoloration of Ganoderma lucidum or Cordyceps militaris. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an air guiding structure, a pneumatic conveying device and a hot air circulation dryer to solve the technical problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An air guiding structure, comprising: A plurality of carrier racks arranged vertically, with a placement space left between adjacent carrier racks; A tray, which is placed on the upper part of the carrier rack; An air guide cylinder, fixedly installed in the middle of the tray, coaxially arranged with the tray, and provided with air guide holes on the circumferential surface; Blades, axially fixedly installed on the tray; A base; A rotating shaft, rotatably installed on the base and extending upward from the base, fixedly connected to the bottommost carrier rack, for driving the carrier rack and the tray to rotate; A driving part, fixedly installed inside the base, for driving the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0006] Preferably, the bottom of the tray is a mesh structure woven by metal strips, and the metal strips are woven crosswise up and down so that the bottom of the tray forms raised and recessed parts intertwined with each other.

[0007] Preferably, the carrier rack is a cylindrical frame structure, with a ring fixedly installed at its axis, and the air guide cylinder is coaxially arranged with the ring.

[0008] A hot air circulation dryer, including the above-mentioned air guide structure, further including: A drying box, the inside of which is used to place the carrier rack; A partition plate, slidably installed inside the drying box, dividing the drying box into an air inlet part and an air outlet part, the air inlet part and the air outlet part are communicated with each other, the partition plate can slide up and down inside the drying box, and the partition plate is provided with ventilation openings. When the partition plate slides down, it can be clamped with the top of the air guide cylinder; A covering part, fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the drying box. When the partition plate moves upward to the limit position, the covering part fits with the ventilation opening to close the ventilation opening; A lifting part, fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the drying box, for driving the partition plate to move up and down.

[0009] Preferably, the covering part includes a cover plate and a mounting column, one end of the mounting column is fixedly connected to the cover plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the top of the drying box.

[0010] Preferably, a corrugated plate is fixedly installed on one side of the partition plate close to the air inlet of the drying box, and the other end of the corrugated plate is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the drying box. When the partition plate moves up and down, the corrugated plate can contract following the movement of the partition plate.

[0011] Preferably, the lifting part is a hydraulic cylinder 1, which is fixedly installed on the top of the drying box, and its telescopic end is fixedly connected to the partition plate.

[0012] A pneumatic conveying device, including: A delivery box is arranged on one side of the drying box where the air inlet and the air outlet are opened, and a heat pump unit is arranged on the other side of the delivery box; An upper partition board and a lower partition board are fixedly installed on an open side of the delivery box away from the drying box, and the open side is divided into upper, middle and lower openings; A sliding frame is slidably arranged on the open side, and an upper corrugated board is fixedly installed between the top of the sliding frame and the upper partition board; A lifting plate is slidably installed at the bottom of the delivery box, the bottom of the sliding frame is fixedly connected with the lifting plate, and a lower corrugated board is fixedly installed between the lifting plate and the lower partition board; A guide plate is rotatably installed inside the delivery box, and the rotating part is flush with the fixed end of the corrugated board.

[0013] Preferably, a control member for controlling the rotation of the guide plate is installed at the top of the inner cavity of the delivery box.

[0014] Preferably, the middle opening is communicated with the air inlet of the heat pump unit, and the upper and lower openings are both air return openings.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In the present invention, by setting a rotating tray and a carrier, and arranging an air guide cylinder and blades on the tray, the carrier and the tray are placed in the drying box. When the carrier drives the tray to rotate, under the action of centrifugal force, the hot air will flow along the radial direction of the tray to dry the cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum placed on the tray, taking away the moisture in the cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum. At the same time, the hot air flow or hot air will also flow downward along the axial direction of the air guide cylinder in the air guide cylinder, sucking the hot air in the upper part to the bottom to realize the up and down circulation of the hot air, so that the hot air flows through the cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum at the bottom to dry the cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum at the bottom. Without shutting down the machine or changing the position of the tray, the drying effect of the cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum at the bottom can be ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the partition board and the drying box of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the tray and the carrier of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the tray of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the blade and the tray of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 The enlarged view at A in; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the gas flow of the tray of the present invention; Figure 8 This is the overall sectional view of the present invention; Figure 9 This is the overall gas flow schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 10 This is the structural diagram of the heat pump unit, the pneumatic conveying device and the drying oven of the present invention; Figure 11 This is the structural diagram of the pneumatic conveying device of the present invention; Figure 12 This is the exploded view of the pneumatic conveying device of the present invention; Figure 13 This is the gas flow diagram of the drying oven in the horizontal state of the guide plate of the present invention; Figure 14 This is the gas flow diagram of the drying oven in the vertical state of the guide plate of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Heat pump unit; 2. Drying oven; 3. Lifting part; 4. Partition plate; 5. Bearing frame; 6. Mounting column; 7. Cover plate; 8. Tray; 9. Blade; 10. Air guide cylinder; 11. Rotating shaft; 12. Driving part; 13. Base; 14. Conveyor box; 15. Upper corrugated plate; 16. Upper partition plate; 17. Lower partition plate; 18. Lower corrugated plate; 19. Sliding frame; 20. Lifting plate; 21. Guide plate; 22. Hydraulic cylinder III; 23. Hydraulic cylinder II. Specific embodiments

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] This embodiment provides a wind guiding structure, including a plurality of bearing frames 5 arranged up and down, with a placement space left between adjacent bearing frames 5; A tray 8, which is placed on the upper part of the bearing frame 5; An air guide cylinder 10, fixedly installed in the middle of the tray 8, coaxially arranged with the tray, and provided with air guide holes on the circumferential surface; Blades 9, axially fixedly installed on the tray 8; A base 13; A rotating shaft 11, rotatably installed on the base 13 and extending upward from the base 13, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the bottommost bearing frame for driving the bearing frame and the tray to rotate; A driving part 12, fixedly installed inside the base, and the driving part is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0020] Such as Figure 1 、Figures 3 - 5 In the illustrated embodiment, a plurality of carrier racks 5 are vertically arranged up and down, and a placement space is left between adjacent carrier racks 5, and a tray 8 is placed in the placement space.

[0021] The specific structure of the carrier rack 5 is as follows: As Figure 3 shown, the carrier rack 5 is two concentrically arranged rings, and support rods are fixedly installed between the two rings, and the extension lines of the support rods are arranged in a cross shape. The outer rings are welded together by vertical rods, so as to vertically connect a plurality of carrier racks 5 into a whole.

[0022] A base 13 is arranged at the bottom of the carrier rack 5. A rotating shaft 11 is rotatably installed on the upper end surface of the base 13, and the rotating shaft 11 extends upward from the base 13. A motor is fixedly installed inside the base 13, and the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 11 for driving the rotating shaft 11 to rotate. The lowermost carrier rack 5 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 11. When the rotating shaft 11 rotates, it can drive the carrier rack 5 to rotate together. The motor serves as a driving part 12 for the rotation of the carrier rack 5 and provides power for the rotation of the carrier rack 5. The driving part 12 can also adopt a hydraulic motor, and there is no specific limitation as long as it can drive the carrier rack 5 to rotate.

[0023] In this embodiment, the power supply line of the motor extends out of the base 13 to facilitate connecting to an external power supply to supply power to the motor, and universal wheels are installed at the bottom of the base 13 to facilitate pushing the base 13 to move.

[0024] As Figures 3 - 5 shown, the tray 8 is of an annular structure. A wind guide cylinder 10 concentric with it is fixedly installed at the middle position of the tray 8. Wind guide holes are provided on the wind guide cylinder 10, and flow guiding fins are installed on the inner wall of the wind guide cylinder 10, and the angle range is 15 - 30°, forcing the air flow to diffuse towards the outer edge of the tray.

[0025] The bottom of the tray 8 is a mesh structure woven by metal strips. As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the metal strips are woven crosswise up and down so that the bottom of the tray 8 forms a structure of alternating protrusions and depressions. Ventilation holes are formed between the metal strips. When drying cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum, the cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum is laid on the tray 8, and the alternating protrusions and depressions make the bottom of the cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum in a state of different heights, which is more conducive to air circulation. Moreover, the protrusion and depression structure increases the cross-sectional area of the ventilation holes, but does not increase the height of the ventilation holes. As Figure 6In the state shown, the maximum vertical height of each ventilation hole is the same as the diameter of two staggered metal strips, and the ventilation effect is better. The concave structure of the tray 8 protrudes from the bottom plane of the tray 8 (while the upward protruding part forms an upward depression on the bottom surface of the tray), and the protruding structure is similar to an arc structure. Especially when the tray 8 rotates, the surface swept by the arc-shaped protruding structure is an arc surface. The air flow velocity passing through the arc surface is different, and the upward depressed air flow is relatively slow. Under the condition of the velocity difference, it will accelerate the air disturbance and ensure the mixing of the air.

[0026] The tray 8 can also be designed as a honeycomb aluminum tray according to actual use requirements.

[0027] A blade 9 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the tray 8, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown. The height of the blade 9 is greater than the height of the tray 8, and the blade 9 is bent.

[0028] As Figure 7 shown, a clamping strip 81 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the edge of the tray 8. The bottom of the air guide cylinder 10 extends downward beyond the plane where the tray 8 is located. The overall height of the air guide cylinder 10 is the same as the distance between the two bearing frames 5. When the tray 8 is placed on the bearing frame 5, the clamping strip 81 is clamped with the support rod of the bearing frame 5, which can ensure the stability of the placement of the tray 8. At the same time, the air guide cylinder 10 is located in the inner ring of the bearing frame 5 and is coaxial with the inner ring of the bearing frame 5. The bottom of the air guide cylinder 10 extends downward from the inner ring.

[0029] It should be noted that when the tray 8 is placed on the bearing frame 5, the tray 8 is placed layer by layer from the bottommost bearing frame upward to ensure that the bottom end of the air guide cylinder 10 of the upper tray 8 can fit with the top of the lower air guide cylinder 10, so that the air guide cylinders 10 are connected into an integrated structure. Even if the upper and lower air guide cylinders 10 do not fit together (that is, there is a distance between the upper and lower air guide cylinders 10), it will not affect the ventilation of the air guide cylinder 10. When the tray 8 rotates, the hot air flows along the axial direction of the air guide cylinder 10. Even if there is a small distance, it has little impact on the overall flow of the hot air.

[0030] When the bearing frame 5 drives the tray 8 to rotate, the tray 8, the blade 9 and the air guide cylinder 10 rotate synchronously, generating centrifugal force, which will drive the hot air to flow along the radial direction of the tray and flow through the cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum on the tray 8, which can accelerate the drying of the cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum, and at the same time can guide the hot air to flow onto the tray 8.

[0031] Due to the relatively low density of hot air currents, they mostly concentrate above the drying oven or drying room, while the gas with relatively lower temperature is located at the lower part of the drying oven or drying room. Therefore, when drying Cordyceps militaris or Ganoderma lucidum, the drying of Cordyceps militaris or Ganoderma lucidum in the upper part and the lower part often is not unified. In actual operation, the Cordyceps militaris or Ganoderma lucidum in the upper and lower layers are usually exchanged every 2 hours. Although it can ensure the unity of drying, the drying efficiency of Cordyceps militaris or Ganoderma lucidum is relatively low. Therefore, in a further embodiment, the radius of the tray 8 increases sequentially from top to bottom. As Figure 3 and Figure 7 shown, the larger the radius, the greater the centrifugal force generated. When the carrier 5 drives the tray 8 to rotate, more air will enter the tray 8 at the bottom, which can accelerate the downward circulation of hot air, thereby better drying Cordyceps militaris or Ganoderma lucidum and ensuring more uniform drying of Cordyceps militaris or Ganoderma lucidum.

[0032] In this embodiment, a hot air circulation dryer is also disclosed. As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, it includes: A drying oven 2. A plug is provided inside the drying oven 2 to supply power to the motor inside the base 13. A door is opened on one side of the drying oven 2. The carrier 5, the base and the tray 8 can all be placed inside the drying oven 2 through the door. An air inlet and an air outlet are respectively opened at the same end of the drying oven 2. A heat pump unit 1 (the heat pump unit 1 is a prior art and will not be elaborated here) is connected at the air inlet; A partition plate 4 is slidably installed at the upper part of the inner cavity of the drying oven 2. The two long sides of the partition plate 4 are in contact with the inner side wall of the drying oven. The partition plate 4 separates the air inlet and the air outlet and divides the drying oven into an air inlet part and an air outlet part. The ends of the air inlet part and the air outlet part far from the inlet air are communicated, and the partition plate 4 can slide up and down inside the drying oven 2. The space between the partition plate 4 and the bottom of the drying oven 2 is the drying space.

[0033] The up and down movement of the partition plate 4 is driven by a lifting part 3. The lifting part 3 is a hydraulic cylinder 1. The hydraulic cylinder 1 is fixedly installed in the middle of the top side of the drying oven 2. The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is fixedly connected to the partition plate 4. When the hydraulic cylinder 1 expands and contracts, it can drive the partition plate 4 to move up and down.

[0034] Vertical chutes are provided on the inner side wall of the drying oven 2. Sliders are fixedly installed on the outer side of the partition plate 4. The sliders and the chutes limit the partition plate 4, so that the partition plate 4 can only move up and down.

[0035] A corrugated plate is fixedly installed on the side of the partition plate 4 close to the air inlet of the drying oven 2. The corrugated plate is made of fluorosilicone rubber and can withstand high temperatures up to 200 degrees Celsius. Specifically, as Figure 2As shown in the figure, a metal connecting bar is fixedly installed at one end of the corrugated plate away from the partition plate 4. The metal connecting bar is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the drying box 2, and the metal connecting bar also separates the air inlet and the air outlet of the drying box 2. When the partition plate 4 moves up and down, the corrugated plate can contract following the movement of the partition plate 4 to match the movement of the partition plate 4.

[0036] A plurality of ventilation openings matching the air guide cylinders 10 are formed in the partition plate 4, and the air guide cylinders 10 can be inserted and cooperated with the ventilation openings. In this embodiment, the ventilation openings are frustum-shaped structures with a larger diameter at the bottom and a smaller diameter at the top. The diameter of the upper part of the ventilation opening is the same as the outer diameter of the air guide cylinder 10, as Figure 8 or Figure 9 shown in the figure. Marking lines are provided at the inner cavity bottom and the side wall of the drying box 2, which have a positioning effect when placing the carrier rack 5. As a positioning standard, when pushing the carrier rack 5 into the interior of the drying box 2, the base 13 is aligned with the marking line as much as possible to ensure that the air guide cylinder 10 is aligned with the ventilation opening as much as possible.

[0037] In this embodiment, since the diameter of the bottom of the ventilation opening is larger than the outer diameter of the air guide cylinder 10, the non-alignment will not affect the clamping of the air guide cylinder 10 and the ventilation opening. When the two are clamped, the bottom of the ventilation opening has a guiding effect on the air guide cylinder 10. That is to say, when there is a deviation between the air guide cylinder 10 and the ventilation opening, the outer wall of the air guide cylinder 10 contacts the slope surface of the ventilation opening. Under the guidance of the slope surface, the air guide cylinder 10 will drive the carrier rack 5 and the base 13 to move and gradually align with the axis of the ventilation opening to complete the clamping. Due to the limiting effect of the chute and the slider, when the partition plate 4 moves downward, sufficient force can be provided to make the carrier rack 5 and the base 13 move.

[0038] A covering part is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the drying box 2. The covering part includes a cover plate 7 and a mounting post 6. One end of the mounting post 6 is fixedly connected to the cover plate 7, and the other end is fixedly connected to the top of the drying box 2. The diameter of the cover plate 7 is the same as the upper diameter of the ventilation opening. When the hydraulic cylinder 1 drives the partition plate 4 to move upward to the limit position, the cover plate 7 just inserts into the upper part of the ventilation opening to block and close the ventilation opening, and air will not flow through the ventilation opening. At the same time, there is enough distance between the upper end of the top air guide cylinder 10 and the partition plate 4.

[0039] After the partition plate 4 moves upward to the limit position, in the state as Figure 8 shown in the figure, the hot air flow of the heat pump unit 1 enters the air inlet part from the air inlet. When drying cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum, the carrier rack 5 and the tray 8 for placing cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum are placed in the drying box 2, and then the heat pump unit 1 can be turned on to dry cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum. When the carrier rack 5 and the tray 8 rotate, the top of the air guide cylinder 10 sucks the hot air in the upper part of the air inlet part and flows to the bottom of the air inlet part, which can ensure that the hot air temperature is uniform between the upper and lower parts of the air inlet part.

[0040] Please refer to Figures 10 - 14 As shown, in a further embodiment, an air conveying device is also disclosed. The air conveying device is located between the drying oven 2 and the heat pump unit 1. Specifically, it includes: A conveying box 14, the conveying box 14 has a structure with openings on both sides, is arranged on the side of the drying oven 2 where the air inlet and outlet are opened. On the other side of the conveying box 14, there is a heat pump unit 1. In the middle of the side of the heat pump unit 1 that fits with the conveying box 14, there is an air outlet, and air inlets are opened at the upper and lower parts of this side. The heights of the upper and lower air inlets of the heat pump unit 1 are the same. The heat pump unit 1 is a closed-type heat pump unit. The heat pump unit consists of a compressor, a heat exchanger, an axial flow fan, an evaporator, a heat preservation water tank, a water pump, a liquid storage tank, a filter, an electronic expansion valve, an electronic automatic controller, a condenser, etc. It adopts the principle of reverse Carnot cycle, consumes a small amount of electric energy to drive the compressor to operate. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant evaporates into gas in the evaporator after passing through the expansion valve and absorbs a large amount of heat energy from the air. The gaseous refrigerant is compressed by the compressor into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and then enters the condenser to release heat and heat the circulating air medium. In this way, it continuously circulates and heats, while the wet air is cooled and dehumidified through the evaporator, and the dried air is reheated and recycled for use. This is the prior art and is not shown in the attached drawings. The closed system hot air circulation utilizes the humid and hot air discharged from the condenser, with better energy-saving effect and is more suitable for drying Cordyceps militaris or Ganoderma lucidum.

[0041] The heat pump unit 1, the conveying box 14 and the drying oven 2 form a drying system for drying Cordyceps militaris or Ganoderma lucidum.

[0042] An upper partition 16 and a lower partition 17 are fixedly installed on the side of the conveying box 14 away from the drying oven 2 with an opening, dividing the opening side into upper, middle and lower openings. The middle opening is the air inlet, which fits with the air outlet of the heat pump unit 1. The upper and lower openings are respectively the air return ports and fit with the air inlets of the heat pump unit 1. The heights of the upper and lower openings are the same and are the same as the height of the air inlet of the heat pump unit 1.

[0043] A sliding frame 19 is slidably arranged on the opening side of the conveying box 14. An upper corrugated plate 15 is installed between the top of the sliding frame 19 and the upper partition 16. The top of the upper corrugated plate 15 is fixedly connected to the sliding frame 19, and the bottom is fixedly connected to the upper side of the upper partition 16. As Figure 11 and Figure 12 shown, the sliding frame 19 is an inverted L-shaped frame structure. The height of the sliding frame 19 is at least the same as the overall height of the air inlet and the upper air return port on the opening side of the conveying box 14. The sliding distance of the sliding frame 19 up and down is the height of the lower air return port.

[0044] A lifting plate 20, the lifting plate 20 is a horizontally arranged L-shaped structure. As Figures 12 - 14As shown, it is slidably installed at the bottom of the conveying box 14. The bottom of the sliding frame 19 is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 20. A lower corrugated plate 18 is fixedly installed between the lifting plate 20 and the lower partition plate 17. The top of the lower corrugated plate 18 is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the lower partition plate 17, and the bottom is fixedly connected to the edge of the lifting plate 20; the upper corrugated plate 15 and the lower corrugated plate 18 are also made of fluorosilicone rubber. When the sliding frame 19 moves up and down, the upper corrugated plate 15 and the lower corrugated plate 18 can expand and contract following the sliding frame 19; A second hydraulic cylinder 23 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lifting plate 20. The telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder 23 is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 20. When the second hydraulic cylinder 23 expands and contracts, it can drive the lifting plate 20 to move up and down, and at the same time the lifting plate 20 can drive the sliding frame 19 to slide up and down.

[0045] When the second hydraulic cylinder 23 extends, the lifting plate 20 and the sliding frame 19 move upward, the upper corrugated plate 15 unfolds, and at the same time the lower corrugated plate 18 contracts. When the second hydraulic cylinder 23 extends to the limit state, the sliding frame 19 and the lifting plate 20 rise to the highest position, the upper corrugated plate 15 is fully unfolded, the air return opening at the upper part of the conveying box 14 closes, and the lower corrugated plate 18 is fully contracted, and the air return opening at the lower part of the conveying box 14 opens.

[0046] When the second hydraulic cylinder 23 contracts, the lifting plate 20 and the sliding frame 19 move downward, the upper corrugated plate 15 contracts, and at the same time the lower corrugated plate 18 unfolds. When the second hydraulic cylinder 23 contracts to the limit state, the sliding frame 19 and the lifting plate 20 descend to the lowest position, the upper corrugated plate 15 is fully contracted, the lower corrugated plate 18 is fully unfolded, the air return opening at the upper part of the conveying box 14 opens, and the air return opening at the lower part closes.

[0047] The guide plate 21 is rotatably installed inside the conveying box 14. Rotating shafts are fixedly installed at the two side edges of the guide plate 21. The rotating shafts serve as the rotation points of the guide plate 21, and the rotation points are flush with the fixed ends of the corrugated plates, that is, flush with the metal connecting strips of the corrugated plates. And the side surface of the guide plate 21 is attached to the metal connecting strip, and there is a fluorosilicone rubber gasket between them. One side of the fluorosilicone rubber gasket is fixedly connected to the metal connecting strip, and the other side is in contact with the side surface of the guide plate 21. The fluorosilicone rubber gasket is always squeezed to ensure the sealing between them. When the guide plate 21 rotates, the fluorosilicone rubber gasket is still squeezed.

[0048] A control member for controlling the rotation of the guide plate 21 is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the conveying box 14. The control member is a third hydraulic cylinder 22. The outer shell of the third hydraulic cylinder 22 is rotatably connected to the top of the inner cavity of the conveying box 14. A connecting seat is fixedly installed on the upper side surface of the guide plate 21, as Figure 12 shown, the telescopic end of the third hydraulic cylinder 22 is rotatably connected to the connecting seat.

[0049] In this embodiment, by setting the sliding box 19, the upper corrugated plate 15, the lower corrugated plate 18, and the guide plate 21, the hot air flow direction of the hot air of the heat pump unit 1 inside the drying box 2 can be changed, so as to swap the channel positions of the air inlet part and the air outlet part of the drying box 2.

[0050] When the third hydraulic cylinder 22 contracts to the shortest state, the guide plate 21 is in a horizontal state and is on the same horizontal plane as the metal connecting strip of the corrugated plate, as Figure 13 shown. At the same time, the second hydraulic cylinder 23 contracts to the limit position, the upper corrugated plate 15 completely contracts, the lower corrugated plate 18 completely unfolds, the air return opening at the upper part of the conveying box 14 opens, and the air return opening at the lower part closes. At this time, the lower space of the drying box 2 is the air inlet part, and the upper space is the air outlet part. The cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum to be dried is placed in the air inlet part. The hot air of the heat pump unit 1 enters the conveying box 14 from the air inlet, and flows from the air inlet of the conveying box 14 to the air inlet part of the drying box 2 to dry the cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum. The hot air circulates from the air return part at the upper part of the drying box 2 to the heat pump unit for reheating and a new cycle, as Figure 13 indicated by the arrow in. When adopting this air inlet mode, the hot air participating in the drying work first contacts and dries the cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum near the air inlet side, while the cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum far from the air inlet side is heated and dried later; When the third hydraulic cylinder 22 extends, the guide plate 21 gradually rotates downward around the rotation point. When the third hydraulic cylinder 22 extends to the limit state, the guide plate 21 is in a vertical state, as Figure 14 shown. At this time, the second hydraulic cylinder 23 starts to rise to the limit state, the upper corrugated plate 15 completely unfolds, the lower corrugated plate 18 completely contracts, the air return opening at the upper part of the conveying box 14 closes, and the air return opening at the lower part of the conveying box 14 opens. At the same time, the highest point of the lifting plate 20 fits and contacts the bottom side of the guide plate 21, as Figure 14 shown in the state. At this time, the upper space of the drying box 2 is the air inlet part, and the lower space is the air outlet part. The cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum to be dried is placed in the air outlet part. The hot air of the heat pump unit 1 enters the conveying box 14 from the air inlet. Under the shielding of the guide plate 21 and the lifting plate 20, the hot air will flow upward inside the conveying box 14 and directly enter the air inlet part at the upper part of the drying box 2. The hot air directly flows from the air inlet part to the lower air outlet part of the drying box 2. The hot air flows through the cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum, dries the cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum, and then directly circulates from the lower air return opening of the conveying box 14 to the heat pump unit for reheating and a new cycle, as Figure 14 indicated by the arrow in. When adopting this air inlet mode, the hot air participating in the drying work first contacts the cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum far from the air inlet side and heats and dries the cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum at the far end, while the cordyceps militaris or ganoderma lucidum near the air inlet side is heated and dried later.

[0051] In this way, the flow direction and circulation direction of the hot air inside the drying oven 2 can be changed, and the circulating drying process of Cordyceps militaris or Ganoderma lucidum at the distal end and the proximal end can be realized.

[0052] In this embodiment, it can also be used in combination with the partition plate 4 that moves up and down. The specific usage method is as follows: As Figure 9 shown in the state, when the partition plate 4 moves downward, the partition plate 4 is separated from the cover plate 7. When the partition plate 4 moves downward to the limit position, the ventilation opening is gradually inserted into the topmost air guide cylinder 10. The air guide cylinder 10 is communicated with the air inlet part on the upper side of the drying oven 2. During the rotation of the tray 8, under the action of centrifugal force, a part of the hot air in the air inlet part enters the inside of the air guide cylinder 10, as Figure 9 shown by the arrow a in Figure 9 , while another part of the hot air flows directly from the air inlet part to the air outlet part, as

[0053] shown by the arrow b in

[0054] In this embodiment, when drying Cordyceps militaris or Ganoderma lucidum, the position and adjustment time of the guide plate 21 need to be specifically adjusted according to the drying time, drying temperature and process of Cordyceps militaris or Ganoderma lucidum: When drying Cordyceps militaris, the direction of the guide plate 21 is adjusted once every 2 hours. That is, after drying Cordyceps militaris for 2 hours, the state of the guide plate 21 is adjusted by the hydraulic rod three 22, and the lifting plate 20 changes synchronously with the guide plate 21, and the states shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14 are changed back and forth, so as to change the flow direction of the air flow inside the drying oven 2 and the laminar flow temperature of the air flow. Figure 13 In Figure 14In this case, the guide plate 21 is vertical, the lower air return opening is opened, the air flow flows into the drying space of the drying box 2 from the upper part of the partition plate 14, and flows through the bottom of the drying box 2 and into the heat pump unit 1 from the lower air return opening. During this process, the flowing hot air flows from the bottom of the drying box 2, forming a laminar flow with a relatively high temperature at the bottom of the inner cavity of the drying box 2, thereby drying the cordyceps militaris at the lower part of the drying box 2.

[0055] When drying ganoderma lucidum, the ganoderma lucidum needs to be laid flat in a single layer on the tray 8 to avoid stacking. According to the drying characteristics of ganoderma lucidum in the early, middle and late stages, the states of the guide plate 21 and the lifting plate 20 are adjusted. In the early stage, the guide plate 21 and the lifting plate 20 are adjusted every hour; in the middle stage, the guide plate 21 and the lifting plate 20 are adjusted every 2 - 3 hours; in the late stage, the guide plate 21 and the lifting plate 20 are adjusted every 4 - 6 hours.

[0056] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An air guiding structure, characterized in that, Comprising: A plurality of carrier frames arranged vertically, with a placement space left between adjacent carrier frames; A tray placed on the upper part of the carrier frame; An air guide cylinder fixedly installed in the middle of the tray, coaxially arranged with the tray, and having air guide holes on its circumferential surface; Blades axially fixedly installed on the tray; A base; A rotating shaft rotatably installed on the base and protruding upward from the base, fixedly connected to the bottommost carrier frame for driving the carrier frame and the tray to rotate; A driving part fixedly installed inside the base, for driving the rotating shaft to rotate.

2. The air guiding structure according to claim 1, wherein The bottom of the tray is a mesh structure woven by metal strips, with the metal strips woven crosswise up and down so that the bottom of the tray forms raised and recessed parts intertwined with each other.

3. The air guiding structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The carrier frame is a cylindrical frame structure, with a ring fixedly installed at its axis center, and the air guide cylinder is coaxially arranged with the ring.

4. A hot air circulation dryer, characterized in that, Comprising the air guide structure according to any one of claims 1 - 3, further comprising: A drying box, the inside of which is used to place the carrier frame; A partition plate slidably installed inside the drying box, dividing the drying box into an air inlet part and an air outlet part, with the air inlet part and the air outlet part communicating with each other. The partition plate can slide up and down inside the drying box, and has ventilation openings. When the partition plate slides down, it can be clamped with the top of the air guide cylinder; A covering part fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the drying box. When the partition plate moves upward to the limit position, the covering part fits with the ventilation opening to close the ventilation opening; A lifting part fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the drying box, for driving the partition plate to move up and down.

5. The hot air circulation dryer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The covering part includes a cover plate and a mounting post. One end of the mounting post is fixedly connected to the cover plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the top of the drying box.

6. The hot air circulation dryer according to claim 5, characterized in that: A corrugated plate is fixedly installed on one side of the partition plate close to the air inlet of the drying box, and the other end of the corrugated plate is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the drying box. When the partition plate moves up and down, the corrugated plate can contract following the movement of the partition plate.

7. The hot air circulation dryer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The lifting part is a hydraulic cylinder I, fixedly installed on the top of the drying box, and its telescopic end is fixedly connected to the partition plate.

8. A pneumatic conveying device, characterized in that, Applied to a hot air circulation dryer according to any one of claims 4 - 7, comprising: A conveying box arranged on one side of the drying box where the air inlet and the air outlet are opened, and a heat pump unit is arranged on the other side of the conveying box; An upper partition plate and a lower partition plate fixedly installed on an open side of the conveying box away from the drying box, dividing the open side into upper, middle, and lower openings; A sliding frame slidably arranged on the open side, with an upper corrugated plate fixedly installed between the top of the sliding frame and the upper partition plate; A lifting plate slidably installed at the bottom of the conveying box, with the bottom of the sliding frame fixedly connected to the lifting plate, and a lower corrugated plate fixedly installed between the lifting plate and the lower partition plate; A guide plate rotatably installed inside the conveying box, and the rotation point is flush with the fixed end of the corrugated plate.

9. A pneumatic conveying device according to claim 8, characterized in that, A control part for controlling the rotation of the guide plate is installed at the top of the inner cavity of the conveying box.

10. A pneumatic conveying device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The middle opening communicates with the air inlet of the heat pump unit, and the upper and lower openings are both air return openings.

Images