Measuring equipment for measuring vertical height of forest carbon sink tree

Abstract

The invention discloses measuring equipment for measuring the vertical height of a forest carbon sink tree, and relates to the technical field of measuring equipment, the measuring equipment comprises a support frame, the upper end of the support frame is provided with a rotating chassis, the upper end of the rotating chassis is provided with a mounting cover, and the mounting cover is internally provided with a laser surveying instrument. Before formal measurement is started, the obstacle detection mechanism carries out one-circle rotation detection firstly, normal work of the laser surveying and mapping instrument can be influenced when no obstacle is confirmed, and the obstacle detection mechanism can evaluate whether the position of the supporting frame is proper or not before actual measurement; measurement personnel can adjust the position or angle of the support frame according to feedback information so as to find an optimal measurement point. When measurement is carried out in complex environments such as forests, a traditional measurement method is possibly limited by a sight range or a position which is difficult to reach, the obstacle detection mechanism can flexibly cope with different topographic conditions, and target trees can be effectively positioned and measured even in dense forests.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of measuring devices, and particularly relates to a measuring device for measuring the vertical height of forest carbon sink trees. Background Art

[0002] For example, the patent document with the publication number CN119043125A, titled "A Banana Tree Height Measuring Device", uses the friction of components on the contact surface to control the static state between scale lines, enabling 360-degree dead-angle-free angle measurement ability, thereby improving the accuracy of tree height measurement. In addition, the device can control the rotational damping strength required when adjusting the observation angle, so as to adjust the stability of the device according to the actual situation.

[0003] When measuring in complex environments such as forests, it is limited by the line of sight and unable to observe a suitable measurement position. Moreover, the accuracy of target object recognition in complex environments such as dense forests is relatively low. Due to the complex bark and foliage surfaces of forest trees and low reflectivity, it further increases the difficulty of target object recognition. And the complex bark and foliage structures of trees and low reflectivity further reduce the accuracy and efficiency of measurement. Therefore, this application provides a measuring device for measuring the vertical height of forest carbon sink trees to meet the needs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a measuring device for measuring the vertical height of forest carbon sink trees, which can effectively solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, this application provides the following technical solution: A measuring device for measuring the vertical height of forest carbon sink trees, including a support frame, a rotating chassis is arranged at the upper end of the support frame, an installation cover is arranged at the upper end of the rotating chassis, a laser mapping instrument is arranged inside the installation cover, a receiver is arranged at the upper end of the laser mapping instrument, a mapping adjustment mechanism is arranged inside the laser mapping instrument, a light ray adjustment mechanism for adjusting the laser ray is slidably installed inside the mapping adjustment mechanism, an obstacle detection mechanism for detecting surrounding obstacles is arranged on one side of the installation cover, and a control motor is arranged on one side of the laser mapping instrument; The light ray adjustment mechanism includes an installation mechanism slidably installed inside the mapping adjustment mechanism, an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the laser beam is arranged inside the installation mechanism, a radiation mechanism for amplifying the laser ray is arranged inside the adjustment mechanism, and a light column adjustment mechanism for adjusting the laser ray irradiation mode according to the detection environment is arranged inside the adjustment mechanism.

[0006] Among them, the obstacle detection mechanism includes a protective shell installed on one side of the installation cover. A driving motor is arranged on one side of the protective shell. The output end of the driving motor extends into the interior of the protective shell and is connected to an obstacle avoidance sensor. The obstacle avoidance sensor and the laser mapping instrument are electrically connected to the laser mapping instrument through a data cable. A laser generator is arranged inside the obstacle avoidance sensor; A protective mirror is arranged inside the installation cover, and the protective mirror is in a semi-circular shape. A reflective coating is sprayed on the outer surface of the protective mirror.

[0007] Among them, the mapping adjustment mechanism includes two arc plates installed inside the laser mapping instrument. Sliding grooves are formed inside both of the two arc plates. A refractive mirror column is arranged inside the laser mapping instrument, and one end of the refractive mirror column is connected to the output end of a control motor. A support plate is arranged on the outer surface of the refractive mirror column.

[0008] Among them, the installation mechanism includes an installation frame. Sliders are arranged on both sides of the installation frame. Both of the two sliders are slidably installed inside the sliding grooves. The bottom wall of the installation frame is connected to the support plate. Installation grooves are formed on both sides of the inner wall of the installation frame. An arc mirror is arranged jointly inside the two installation grooves.

[0009] Among them, the adjustment mechanism includes a reflective shell. An inner groove is arranged on the inner wall of the reflective shell. Arc blocks are arranged on both sides of the reflective shell. A controller is arranged on one side of the reflective shell. A push rod is arranged inside the controller. The reflective shell is arranged inside the installation frame, and the arc blocks are attached to the surfaces of the arc plates.

[0010] Among them, the reflective shell is in a fan shape, and a reflective coating is arranged on the inner wall of the reflective shell.

[0011] Among them, the light column adjustment mechanism includes a diffraction component, and the diffraction component includes a first connecting piece. The first connecting piece is installed at one end of the push rod. A diffraction grating is clamped inside the first connecting piece. A frame bar is arranged on the outer surface of the diffraction grating, and the diffraction grating is slidably installed inside the inner groove through the frame bar.

[0012] Among them, the light column adjustment mechanism includes a lens component, and the lens component includes a second connecting piece. A lens array is clamped inside the second connecting piece. A frame bar is arranged on the outer surface of the lens array, and the lens array is slidably installed inside the inner groove through the frame bar.

[0013] Among them, the light column adjustment mechanism includes a microlens component, and the microlens component includes a third connecting piece. A microlens array is clamped inside the third connecting piece. A frame bar is arranged on the outer surface of the microlens array, and the microlens array is slidably installed inside the inner groove through the frame bar.

[0014] Among them, the radiation mechanism includes a spectacle frame, a convex lens is arranged inside the spectacle frame, and the spectacle frame is installed inside a reflective housing.

[0015] In summary, the technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1. Before the formal measurement starts, the obstacle detection mechanism will first perform a one-week rotation detection to confirm that there are no obstacles that will affect the normal operation of the laser mapping instrument. Since the obstacle detection mechanism can evaluate whether the position of the support frame is appropriate before the actual measurement, the surveyor can adjust the position or angle of the support frame according to the feedback information to find the best measurement point. When measuring in complex environments such as forests, traditional measurement methods may be limited by the line of sight or difficult-to-reach positions. The obstacle detection mechanism can flexibly cope with different terrain conditions and can effectively locate and measure target trees even in dense forests.

[0016] 2. In the present invention, the controller drives the push rod to reciprocate, thereby driving the light column adjusting mechanism to move inside the inner groove, realizing the real-time change of the light trajectory of the laser beam bundle. This enables the laser ray to form multiple different beam paths in a short time. The design of multiple beam bundles and rapid changes helps to capture more detailed information and enhances the accuracy of identifying target objects in complex environments (such as dense forests). The light trajectory of the laser beam bundle generated by the light column adjusting mechanism changes in real time. When the light encounters an obstacle, the receiver receives the signal and processes it to generate cloud points. Since the light column adjusting mechanism can generate multiple cloud points simultaneously, it can more comprehensively depict the three-dimensional structure of the measured tree or other objects, improving the quality of the data. By continuously adjusting the trajectory of the laser beam bundle, it can quickly adapt to different environments and provide high-resolution data output.

[0017] 3. In the present invention, the diffraction grating divides the incident light into light beams in multiple directions, increasing the spatial range that can be covered by a single scan. Each light beam can independently detect different target points, thereby improving the overall perception ability of the surrounding environment. The design of multiple beam bundles can obtain a large number of data points in a short time, enhancing the ability to capture details of complex structures (such as tree branches and leaves) and providing richer measurement information.

[0018] 4. In the present invention, the lens array is composed of multiple small lenses, which can divide a beam of incident light into many smaller light beams, increasing the spatial range that can be covered by a single scan, enabling the system to obtain data points in a wider area. The multi-beam output allows more target points to be detected at the same time, enhancing the ability to capture details of complex structures (such as tree branches and leaves) and providing richer measurement information. The push rod drives the lens array to slide inside the inner groove, causing the position and angle of the lens array to change continuously, thereby quickly changing the direction of the light beam refracted by each small lens. This dynamic adjustment ability allows the system to flexibly change the scanning mode according to actual needs and adapt to measurement tasks in different scenarios.

[0019] 5. In the present invention, the microlens array disperses and refocuses the incident laser beam to form a uniformly illuminated large-area illumination region, ensuring that the light intensity received by each point in the measurement region is consistent, reducing data errors caused by uneven illumination. The uniform illumination helps to obtain more accurate reflection signals, especially when measuring on complex or low-reflectivity surfaces (such as tree bark, leaves), and can provide more reliable measurement results. Description of the Drawings

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first perspective of the measuring device for measuring the vertical height of forest carbon sink trees; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second perspective of the measuring device for measuring the vertical height of forest carbon sink trees; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the third perspective of the measuring device for measuring the vertical height of forest carbon sink trees; Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional connection structure of the measuring device for measuring the vertical height of forest carbon sink trees; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional connection structure of the measuring device for measuring the vertical height of forest carbon sink trees; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the obstacle detection mechanism; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the obstacle detection mechanism and the surveying and mapping adjustment mechanism; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the first perspective of the light adjustment mechanism, the surveying and mapping adjustment mechanism, and the laser surveying and mapping instrument; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the second perspective of the light adjustment mechanism, the surveying and mapping adjustment mechanism, and the laser surveying and mapping instrument; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the first perspective of the surveying and mapping adjustment mechanism; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the second perspective of the surveying and mapping adjustment mechanism; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the light adjustment mechanism; Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the adjustment mechanism and the installation mechanism; Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the installation mechanism; Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the installation mechanism and the support plate; Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the diffraction component and the adjustment mechanism; Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the adjustment mechanism and the lens assembly; Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the adjustment mechanism and the microlens assembly; Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the adjustment mechanism; Figure 20 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the diffraction component; Figure 21 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the lens assembly; Figure 22 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the radiation mechanism; Figure 23 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the microlens assembly.

[0022] In the figure: 1, support frame; 2, rotating chassis; 3, protective mirror; 4, installation cover; 5, receiver; 6, obstacle detection mechanism; 61, drive motor; 62, protective shell; 63, obstacle avoidance sensor; 64, laser generator; 7, laser mapping instrument; 8, light ray adjustment mechanism; 81, installation mechanism; 811, slider; 812, installation frame; 813, arc mirror; 814, installation groove; 82, adjustment mechanism; 821, controller; 822, arc block; 823, push rod; 824, reflective shell; 825, inner groove; 83, radiation mechanism; 831, lens frame; 832, convex lens; 84, light column adjustment mechanism; 841, diffraction component; 8411, first connection piece; 8412, diffraction grating; 842, lens component; 8421, second connection piece; 8422, lens array; 843, microlens component; 8431, third connection piece; 8432, microlens array; 9, mapping adjustment mechanism; 91, refracting lens column; 92, arc plate; 93, sliding groove; 94, support plate; 10, control motor. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] Embodiment 1. Refer to Figures 1 to 23 A measuring device for measuring the vertical height of forest carbon sink trees as shown, including a support frame 1. A rotary chassis 2 is provided at the upper end of the support frame 1. An installation cover 4 is provided at the upper end of the rotary chassis 2. A laser surveying and mapping instrument 7 is provided inside the installation cover 4. A receiver 5 is provided at the upper end of the laser surveying and mapping instrument 7. A surveying adjustment mechanism 9 is provided inside the laser surveying and mapping instrument 7. A light adjustment mechanism 8 for adjusting the laser ray is slidably installed inside the surveying adjustment mechanism 9. An obstacle detection mechanism 6 for detecting surrounding obstacles is provided on one side of the installation cover 4. A control motor 10 is provided on one side of the laser surveying and mapping instrument 7. It should be noted that when measuring the vertical height of forest carbon sink trees, the support frame 1 is placed on a flat area around the tree, and then the rotary chassis 2 is installed at the upper end of the support frame 1. The rotary chassis 2 is used to provide power to drive the installation cover 4 to rotate, so that the laser surveying and mapping instrument 7 can rotate one circle to scan and map the surrounding forest trees. The receiver 5 is used to receive the laser signal emitted by the laser surveying and mapping instrument 7. When it is necessary to measure the surrounding forest trees, the rotary chassis 2 drives the installation cover 4 to rotate, and when the installation cover 4 rotates, it will drive the obstacle detection mechanism 6 to rotate. The provided obstacle detection mechanism 6 is used to detect whether there are forest trees blocking before using the laser surveying and mapping instrument 7 to detect the surrounding forest trees. First, the obstacle detection mechanism 6 rotates one week with the rotary chassis 2 to detect whether there are obstacles around that affect the normal use and measurement of the laser surveying and mapping instrument 7. Through the detection of the obstacle detection mechanism 6, it can be shown through the laser surveying and mapping instrument 7 whether the position where the support frame 1 is placed affects the normal use of the laser surveying and mapping instrument 7. The surveyor can select a suitable measurement position and angle through the obstacle detection mechanism 6.

[0025] Among them, by driving the installation cover 4 to rotate through the rotary chassis 2, the laser surveying and mapping instrument 7 can comprehensively scan and map the surrounding forest trees, and can more accurately obtain the height data of the trees. The obstacle detection mechanism 6 pre-detects the surrounding environment to avoid the interference of obstacles on the measurement process, thereby further improving the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0026] Before the formal measurement begins, the obstacle detection mechanism 6 will first perform a one-week rotation detection to confirm that there are no obstacles that will affect the normal operation of the laser mapping instrument 7. Since the obstacle detection mechanism 6 can evaluate whether the position of the support frame 1 is appropriate before the actual measurement, the surveyor can adjust the position or angle of the support frame according to the feedback information to find the best measurement point.

[0027] When measuring in complex environments such as forests, traditional measurement methods may be limited by the line of sight or difficult-to-reach positions. The obstacle detection mechanism 6 can flexibly respond to different terrain conditions and can effectively locate and measure target trees even in dense forests.

[0028] The light ray adjustment mechanism 8 includes a mounting mechanism 81 slidably installed inside the mapping adjustment mechanism 9. Inside the mounting mechanism 81, there is an adjustment mechanism 82 for adjusting the laser beam bundle. Inside the adjustment mechanism 82, there is a radiation mechanism 83 for amplifying the laser ray. Inside the adjustment mechanism 82, there is a light column adjustment mechanism 84 for adjusting the irradiation mode of the laser ray according to the detection environment.

[0029] Among them, when the above-mentioned obstacle detection mechanism 6 finds a suitable measurement position after rotating one week along with the rotating chassis 2, the laser mapping instrument 7 emits light through the internal laser generator, and after passing through the turning of the mapping adjustment mechanism 9, it irradiates out. The set mapping adjustment mechanism 9 is driven by the control motor 10, so that the refraction device inside the mapping adjustment mechanism 9 can make the scanning angle of the laser ray up to 130°. The rotating chassis 2 drives the mounting cover 4 to rotate 360°, so that the laser mapping instrument 7 scans 360° horizontally and 130° vertically, enabling the laser mapping instrument 7 to accurately map the surrounding forests and trees. The set mounting mechanism 81 can rotate along with the angle adjustment of the mapping adjustment mechanism 9. The set light column adjustment mechanism 84 can change the beam bundle and refraction angle of the laser ray. The adjustment mechanism 82 assists the light column adjustment mechanism 84 to adjust the laser ray refracted by the mapping adjustment mechanism 9, so that the irradiated laser ray is divided into multiple beam bundles and the refraction trajectory of the beam bundles is in a constantly changing state. The laser beam bundle adjusted by the light column adjustment mechanism 84 is amplified by the radiation mechanism 83 and then emitted.

[0030] Among them, the light column adjustment mechanism 84 enables the irradiated laser ray to be divided into multiple beam bundles, and the refraction trajectories of these beam bundles are in a constantly changing state, increasing the distribution density of the laser ray in space, thereby improving the accuracy of identifying target objects in complex terrains and dense vegetation structures.

[0031] The radiation mechanism 83 is responsible for amplifying the adjusted laser beam bundle to ensure that sufficient energy levels can be maintained even at relatively long distances, so as to ensure that the accuracy is not affected. This is more obvious for measurements on long distances or low-reflectivity surfaces such as dark tree bark. The installation mechanism 81 automatically adjusts its position according to the angular changes of the surveying and mapping adjustment mechanism 9 to maintain the consistency and stability of the laser emission direction.

[0032] Embodiment 2: Based on the obstacle detection mechanism 6 proposed in Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a further technical solution for the obstacle detection mechanism 6.

[0033] The obstacle detection mechanism 6 includes a protective shell 62 installed on one side of the installation cover 4. On one side of the protective shell 62, a driving motor 61 is provided. The output end of the driving motor 61 extends into the interior of the protective shell 62 and is connected to an obstacle avoidance sensor 63. The obstacle avoidance sensor 63 is electrically connected to the laser surveying instrument 7 through a data cable. A laser generator 64 is provided inside the obstacle avoidance sensor 63; It should be noted that when measuring forest trees, it is necessary to evaluate the measurement location through the obstacle detection mechanism 6 to detect whether there are obstacles around that affect the normal operation of the laser surveying instrument 7. During the detection of the surrounding environment, the installation cover 4 drives the protective shell 62 to rotate. The protective shell 62 is a transparent protective cover. The driving motor 61 drives the obstacle avoidance sensor 63 to reciprocate at a 90-degree angle through the output shaft. The laser generator 64 emits laser rays, and then the obstacle avoidance sensor 63 is used to receive the light refracted by the laser when it encounters an obstacle. The obstacle avoidance sensor 63 is used to detect whether there are nearby obstacles affecting the measurement of the laser surveying instrument 7. The set obstacle avoidance sensor 63 can be fixed at an angle by the driving motor 61. The driving motor 61 adjusts the irradiation angle of the laser generator 64 and the signal received by the obstacle avoidance sensor 63, so as to determine whether the position where the measurement personnel are located is a suitable measurement position.

[0034] Among them, the driving motor 61 drives the obstacle avoidance sensor 63 to reciprocate at a 90-degree angle through the output shaft, so as to realize multi-angle scanning of the surrounding environment. The laser generator 64 emits laser rays to the surrounding. These rays will be reflected back after encountering obstacles, and the obstacle avoidance sensor 63 is responsible for capturing the light reflected back by the obstacles and judging whether there are nearby obstacles affecting the normal operation of the laser surveying instrument 7 based on this.

[0035] To more precisely evaluate the obstacle situation in a specific direction, the drive motor 61 can also adjust the irradiation angle of the laser generator 64 to ensure comprehensive coverage and accurate detection of obstacles in different directions. By comprehensively analyzing the detection data from multiple angles, it can be determined whether the current position is suitable for the measurement task of the laser mapping instrument 7. If it is found that there are obstacles blocking, the measurement personnel will be prompted to reselect the position or adjust the device angle.

[0036] A protective mirror 3 is arranged inside the installation cover 4, and the protective mirror 3 is in a semi-circular shape, and a reflective coating is sprayed on the outer surface of the protective mirror 3.

[0037] Among them, the protective mirror 3 is used to isolate the danger brought by external light sources to the internal laser irradiation of the installation cover 4, and the provided protective mirror 3 is a detachable device, and the parts inside the installation cover 4 can be replaced by disassembling the protective mirror 3.

[0038] The protective mirror 3 provides a transparent protection barrier for the installation cover 4, effectively isolating the interference that may be caused by external natural light or other artificial light sources, ensuring the stable operation of the internal laser. The existence of the protective mirror 3 also increases the operation safety, prevents the laser from being directly exposed to the external environment, and avoids potential hazards to human eyes and other sensitive devices.

[0039] Embodiment 3: Based on the mapping adjustment mechanism 9 and the light adjustment mechanism 8 proposed in Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides further technical solutions for the mapping adjustment mechanism 9, the installation mechanism 81 and the adjustment mechanism 82.

[0040] The mapping adjustment mechanism 9 includes two arc plates 92 installed inside the laser mapping instrument 7. Sliding grooves 93 are opened inside both arc plates 92. A refracting mirror column 91 is arranged inside the laser mapping instrument 7, and one end of the refracting mirror column 91 is connected to the output end of the control motor 10. A support plate 94 is arranged on the outer surface of the refracting mirror column 91.

[0041] It should be noted that when in use, the laser mapping instrument 7 emits a laser ray that irradiates on the refracting mirror column 91, and the provided control motor 10 can drive the refracting mirror column 91 to rotate reciprocally by 130° through the output end, so that the refracting mirror column 91 rotates reciprocally to change the angle of the laser ray, so that the maximum angle range of laser scanning is 130°.

[0042] The installation mechanism 81 includes an installation frame 812. Sliders 811 are arranged on both sides of the installation frame 812. Both sliders 811 are slidably installed inside the sliding grooves 93. The bottom wall of the installation frame 812 is connected to the support plate 94. Installation grooves 814 are opened on both sides of the inner wall of the installation frame 812. An arc mirror 813 is jointly arranged inside the two installation grooves 814.

[0043] Among them, when the refracting mirror column 91 rotates, it will drive the support plate 94 to rotate, and the support plate 94 will drive the mounting frame 812 to rotate. The rotation of the mounting frame 812 will drive the slider 811 to slide inside the chute 93. And an arc mirror 813 is arranged inside the mounting groove 814. The arranged arc mirror 813 is a convex mirror for concentrating light. Through the convex mirror, the light can be concentrated and irradiated on the light column adjusting mechanism 84. And the arranged light column adjusting mechanism 84 is used to change the laser ray beam and the ray trajectory.

[0044] The adjusting mechanism 82 includes a reflecting shell 824. An inner groove 825 is arranged on the inner wall of the reflecting shell 824. Arc blocks 822 are arranged on both sides of the reflecting shell 824. A controller 821 is arranged on one side of the reflecting shell 824. A push rod 823 is arranged inside the controller 821. The reflecting shell 824 is arranged inside the mounting frame 812. The arc blocks 822 are attached to the surface of the arc plate 92.

[0045] Among them, the arranged controller 821 can push the push rod 823 to reciprocate, and the push rod 823 drives the light column adjusting mechanism 84 to reciprocate inside the inner groove 825. By pushing the light column adjusting mechanism 84 to reciprocate, the light trajectory of the laser beam can be changed in real time. When mapping the measured trees through the laser beam trajectories that are multi-beam and change rapidly in real time, after the light encounters an obstacle, the receiver 5 receives the signal and processes the cloud points. Through the light column adjusting mechanism 84, multiple cloud points can be generated at the same time, and the trajectory of the laser beam generated by the light column adjusting mechanism 84 changes in real time.

[0046] Among them, the control motor 10 drives the refracting mirror column 91 to reciprocate, so that the laser ray can be scanned within an angle range of up to 130°, greatly expanding the spatial area covered by a single scan and reducing the number of times the device needs to be repositioned.

[0047] The reciprocating rotation of the refracting mirror column 91 not only changes the angle of the laser ray, but also ensures its synchronous movement through the linkage mechanism of the support plate 94, the mounting frame 812 and the slider 811, allowing the laser surveying instrument 7 to maintain stability and consistency during scanning and improving the measurement accuracy.

[0048] The arc mirror 813 arranged inside the mounting groove 814 is a convex mirror for concentrating light. It can concentrate the light and irradiate it on the light column adjusting mechanism 84, which can concentrate the energy and enhance the detection ability of the target object, especially in the case of long distance or low reflectivity surface.

[0049] The controller 821 drives the push rod 823 to reciprocate, thereby driving the light column adjusting mechanism 84 to move inside the inner groove 825, realizing real-time change of the light trajectory of the laser beam bundle, enabling the laser ray to form multiple different beam paths in a short time. The multi-beam and fast-changing design helps to capture more detailed information and enhances the accuracy of target object recognition in complex environments such as dense forests.

[0050] The light trajectory of the laser beam bundle generated by the light column adjusting mechanism 84 changes in real time. When the light encounters an obstacle, the receiver 5 receives the signal and generates cloud points after processing. Since the light column adjusting mechanism 84 can generate multiple cloud points simultaneously, it can more comprehensively depict the three-dimensional structure of the measured tree or other objects, improving the quality of the data. By continuously adjusting the trajectory of the laser beam bundle, it can quickly adapt to different environments and provide high-resolution data output.

[0051] The reflective shell 824 is in a fan shape, and the inner wall of the reflective shell 824 is provided with a reflective coating.

[0052] The radiation mechanism 83 includes a lens frame 831, and a convex lens 832 is arranged inside the lens frame 831. The lens frame 831 is installed inside the reflective shell 824.

[0053] Among them, when the light column adjusting mechanism 84 refracts light, it penetrates the convex lens 832. The convex lens 832 can amplify the light beam refracted by the light column adjusting mechanism 84.

[0054] Among them, by amplifying the laser ray through the convex lens 832, the energy can be concentrated, so that a high energy density can be maintained even at a long distance, enhancing the intensity of the reflected signal of the target object, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of long-distance measurement. For dark or rough surfaces such as tree bark with a low reflectivity, the amplified laser ray can provide stronger energy to ensure that the measurement points on these surfaces can also be effectively detected. The laser ray amplified by the convex lens 832 usually has better directivity and consistency, reducing interference caused by scattering or other external factors and ensuring the stability and accuracy of data acquisition.

[0055] Embodiment 4. The specific technical solution of the diffraction component 841 in the light column adjusting mechanism 84 provided in this embodiment.

[0056] The light column adjusting mechanism 84 includes a diffraction component 841, and the diffraction component 841 includes a first connecting piece 8411. The first connecting piece 8411 is installed at one end of the push rod 823. A diffraction grating 8412 is clamped inside the first connecting piece 8411. A frame bar is arranged on the outer surface of the diffraction grating 8412, and the diffraction grating 8412 is slidably installed inside the inner groove 825 through the frame bar.

[0057] It is worth noting that when the laser passes through the diffraction grating 8412, the first connecting piece 8411 is pushed by the push rod 823 to slide inside the inner groove 825, and the diffraction grating 8412 divides the incident light into light beams in multiple directions through the principles of diffraction and interference. Moreover, the sliding of the diffraction grating 8412 inside the inner groove 825 can quickly change the diffracted light beams.

[0058] Among them, the diffraction grating 8412 divides the incident light into light beams in multiple directions, increasing the spatial range that can be covered by a single scan. Each light beam can independently detect different target points, thereby improving the overall perception ability of the surrounding environment. The design of multiple light beams can obtain a large number of data points in a short time, enhancing the ability to capture details of complex structures such as tree branches and leaves, and providing richer measurement information.

[0059] The push rod 823 pushes the first connecting piece 8411 to slide, so that the diffraction grating 8412 can quickly move inside the inner groove 825, and then quickly change the direction of the diffracted light beam, flexibly change the scanning mode according to actual needs, and adapt to the measurement tasks in different scenarios.

[0060] The multi-directional light beam distribution helps to disperse the influence of external interference sources, ensuring stable performance output even in complex environments. The ability to quickly change the light beam direction enables the system to complete high-density scanning of large areas in a short time, greatly improving the speed and efficiency of data collection.

[0061] Embodiment 5. The specific technical solution of the lens assembly 842 in the light column adjusting mechanism 84 provided in this embodiment.

[0062] The light column adjusting mechanism 84 includes a lens assembly 842, and the lens assembly 842 includes a second connecting piece 8421. A lens array 8422 is clamped inside the second connecting piece 8421. A frame bar is provided on the outer surface of the lens array 8422, and the lens array 8422 is slidably installed inside the inner groove 825 through the frame bar.

[0063] It is worth noting that when the laser passes through the lens array 8422, the lens array 8422 is pushed by the push rod 823 to slide inside the inner groove 825. When the light penetrates the lens array 8422, since the lens array 8422 is an array composed of multiple small lenses, a beam of incident light can be divided into many smaller light beams. For example, a Fresnel lens can be designed to have multiple concentric ring structures, and each ring can independently refract light, thus forming multiple outgoing light beams. And as the lens array 8422 slides, the irradiation trajectory of the light is quickly changed.

[0064] Among them, the lens array 8422 is composed of multiple small lenses, which can divide a beam of incident light into many smaller light beams, increasing the spatial range that can be covered by a single scan, enabling the system to acquire data points in a wider area. The multi-beam output allows more target points to be detected at the same time, enhancing the ability to capture details of complex structures such as tree branches and leaves, and providing richer measurement information.

[0065] The push rod 823 pushes the lens array 8422 to slide inside the inner groove 825, causing the position and angle of the lens array to change continuously, thereby quickly changing the direction of the light beam refracted by each small lens. This dynamic adjustment ability allows the system to flexibly change the scanning mode according to actual needs and adapt to measurement tasks in different scenarios.

[0066] The design of the lens array 8422, with its multiple concentric ring structures, can further optimize the splitting and distribution of the light beam, providing higher energy utilization and better beam quality. Through the splitting and re-focusing of the lens array 8422, the energy of each small light beam can be made more concentrated, improving the measurement accuracy and image quality of distant targets. Moreover, better beam management and concentrated energy can reduce interference caused by scattering and other external factors, ensuring the stability and accuracy of data acquisition.

[0067] Example Six. The specific technical solution of the micro-lens assembly 843 in the light column adjusting mechanism 84 provided in this example.

[0068] The light column adjusting mechanism 84 includes a micro-lens assembly 843, and the micro-lens assembly 843 includes a third connecting piece 8431. A micro-lens array 8432 is clamped inside the third connecting piece 8431. A frame strip is provided on the outer surface of the micro-lens array 8432, and the micro-lens array 8432 is slidably installed inside the inner groove 825 through the frame strip.

[0069] It should be noted that when the laser passes through the micro-lens array 8432, the micro-lens array 8432 is pushed by the push rod 823 to slide inside the inner groove 825, and the laser passes through the micro-lens array 8432. The light rays emitted through the micro-lens array 8432 are then converted into a uniformly illuminated large-area illumination region.

[0070] Among them, the micro-lens array 8432 disperses and re-focuses the incident laser beam to form a uniformly illuminated large-area illumination region, ensuring that the light intensity received by each point in the measurement area is consistent, reducing data errors caused by uneven illumination. Uniform illumination helps to obtain more accurate reflection signals, especially when measuring on complex or low-reflectivity surfaces such as tree bark and leaves, and can provide more reliable measurement results.

[0071] The design of the microlens array 8432 enables a single laser beam to be effectively expanded into a uniform light spot covering a large area, thereby increasing the spatial range that can be covered in each scan. Whether measuring a single tree or a larger forest area, the lighting coverage can be optimized by adjusting the position of the microlens array 8432 to meet diverse measurement requirements. Uniform lighting conditions help capture more detailed information. Especially for objects with complex structures such as tree branches and leaves, their three-dimensional structures can be depicted more clearly, providing higher measurement resolution.

[0072] Uniform illumination over a large area can reduce data loss caused by local shadows or occlusions, ensuring data integrity across the entire measurement area.

[0073] Since a single scan can cover a larger area and achieve a uniform illumination effect, high-density scanning of a large area can be completed in a short time, significantly improving the speed and efficiency of data acquisition. The design of the microlens array 8432 allows each small lens to independently process light, forming a uniformly distributed light spot and enhancing the flexibility of beam management.

[0074] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A measuring device for measuring the vertical height of forest carbon sink trees, comprising a support frame (1), characterized in that: The upper end of the support frame (1) is provided with a rotating chassis (2). The upper end of the rotating chassis (2) is provided with a mounting cover (4). The interior of the mounting cover (4) is provided with a laser surveying instrument (7). The upper end of the laser surveying instrument (7) is provided with a receiver (5). The interior of the laser surveying instrument (7) is provided with a surveying adjustment mechanism (9). The interior of the surveying adjustment mechanism (9) is slidably installed with a light adjustment mechanism (8) for adjusting the laser ray. One side of the mounting cover (4) is provided with an obstacle detection mechanism (6) for detecting surrounding obstacles. One side of the laser surveying instrument (7) is provided with a control motor (10). The light adjustment mechanism (8) includes a mounting mechanism (81) slidably installed inside the surveying adjustment mechanism (9). The interior of the mounting mechanism (81) is provided with an adjustment mechanism (82) for adjusting the laser beam. The interior of the adjustment mechanism (82) is provided with a radiation mechanism (83) for amplifying the laser ray. The interior of the adjustment mechanism (82) is provided with a light column adjustment mechanism (84) for adjusting the laser ray irradiation mode according to the detected environment.

2. The measuring device for measuring the vertical height of forest carbon sink trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: The obstacle detection mechanism (6) includes a protective shell (62) installed on one side of the mounting cover (4). One side of the protective shell (62) is provided with a driving motor (61). The output end of the driving motor (61) extends into the interior of the protective shell (62) and is connected to an obstacle avoidance sensor (63). The obstacle avoidance sensor (63) is electrically connected to the laser surveying instrument (7) through a data cable. The interior of the obstacle avoidance sensor (63) is provided with a laser generator (64). The interior of the mounting cover (4) is provided with a protective mirror (3), and the protective mirror (3) is in a semi-circular shape. The outer surface of the protective mirror (3) is sprayed with a reflective coating.

3. The measuring device for measuring the vertical height of forest carbon sink trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surveying adjustment mechanism (9) includes two arc plates (92) installed inside the laser surveying instrument (7). Sliding grooves (93) are respectively opened inside the two arc plates (92). The interior of the laser surveying instrument (7) is provided with a refractive mirror column (91), and one end of the refractive mirror column (91) is connected to the output end of the control motor (10). A support plate (94) is arranged on the outer surface of the refractive mirror column (91).

4. The measuring device for measuring the vertical height of forest carbon sink trees according to claim 1, wherein: The mounting mechanism (81) includes a mounting frame (812). Sliders (811) are respectively arranged on both sides of the mounting frame (812). Both of the two sliders (811) are slidably installed inside the sliding grooves (93). The bottom wall of the mounting frame (812) is connected to the support plate (94). Mounting grooves (814) are respectively opened on both sides of the inner wall of the mounting frame (812). An arc mirror (813) is jointly arranged inside the two mounting grooves (814).

5. The measuring device for measuring the vertical height of forest carbon sink trees according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (82) includes a reflective housing (824). An inner groove (825) is provided on the inner wall of the reflective housing (824). Arc-shaped blocks (822) are provided on both sides of the reflective housing (824). A controller (821) is provided on one side of the reflective housing (824). A push rod (823) is provided inside the controller (821). The reflective housing (824) is arranged inside an installation frame (812). The arc-shaped blocks (822) are attached to the surface of an arc plate (92).

6. The measuring device for measuring the vertical height of forest carbon sink trees according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reflective housing (824) is in a fan shape, and a reflective coating is provided on the inner wall of the reflective housing (824).

7. The measuring device for measuring the vertical height of forest carbon sink trees according to claim 6, characterized in that: The light column adjustment mechanism (84) includes a diffraction component (841). The diffraction component (841) includes a first connecting piece (8411). The first connecting piece (8411) is installed at one end of the push rod (823). A diffraction grating (8412) is clamped inside the first connecting piece (8411). A frame bar is provided on the outer surface of the diffraction grating (8412), and the diffraction grating (8412) is slidably installed inside the inner groove (825) through the frame bar.

8. The measuring device for measuring the vertical height of forest carbon sink trees according to claim 6, characterized in that: The light column adjustment mechanism (84) includes a lens component (842). The lens component (842) includes a second connecting piece (8421). A lens array (8422) is clamped inside the second connecting piece (8421). A frame bar is provided on the outer surface of the lens array (8422), and the lens array (8422) is slidably installed inside the inner groove (825) through the frame bar.

9. The measuring device for measuring the vertical height of forest carbon sink trees according to claim 6, characterized in that: The light column adjustment mechanism (84) includes a microlens component (843). The microlens component (843) includes a third connecting piece (8431). A microlens array (8432) is clamped inside the third connecting piece (8431). A frame bar is provided on the outer surface of the microlens array (8432), and the microlens array (8432) is slidably installed inside the inner groove (825) through the frame bar.

10. The measuring device for measuring the vertical height of forest carbon sink trees according to claim 5, characterized in that: The radiation mechanism (83) includes a lens frame (831). A convex lens (832) is provided inside the lens frame (831). The lens frame (831) is installed inside the reflective housing (824).

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