Mudstone mechanics experimental device with dynamic and static combined loading

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of mudstone mechanics experiments, and in particular provides a dynamic and static combined loading mudstone mechanics experimental device, comprising an experimental box, a detection platform, a static load mechanism, a dynamic load mechanism and a driving assembly. The detection platform is installed in the experimental box for carrying a sample to be tested, the static load mechanism comprises a static load test rod driven by power in the experimental box, a positioning member is provided with an experimental channel, the dynamic load mechanism comprises an ejection seat fixed on the detection platform and a dynamic load test piece elastically connected to the ejection seat, the dynamic load test piece can eject relative to the experimental channel, the driving assembly comprises a driving seat connected to the dynamic load test piece and a driving rod connected to the static load test rod, the dynamic load test piece is quickly ejected onto the sample through the driving assembly linkage to complete the dynamic load effect test, no deliberate step-by-step operation is required during the dynamic and static load test process, the test is convenient to complete quickly, and the test efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mudstone mechanics experiments, and in particular to a dynamic and static combined loading mudstone mechanics experiment device. Background Art

[0002] Mudstone, a common sedimentary rock, has important research value in fields such as geological engineering, petroleum engineering, and geotechnical engineering due to its mechanical properties (such as elasticity, plasticity, and strength). Mechanical experiments can be used to obtain the mechanical parameters of mudstone in different directions, such as compressive strength. Mudstone mechanics experiments are irreplaceable for both scientific research and engineering applications. Through these experiments, researchers can obtain valuable data to help them better understand and predict the behavior of mudstone under various conditions, thereby providing important theoretical support and technical guidance for fields such as geological engineering, petroleum engineering, and geotechnical engineering. Mudstone is a fine-grained sedimentary rock formed by the compaction of clay minerals (such as montmorillonite and illite). Before mudstone can be used in other production industries, its mechanical properties need to be tested to ensure that it is consistent with the use environment. Mudstone mechanics experiments involve selecting mudstone samples and placing them on a testing machine to complete mechanical testing.

[0003] Universal testing machines can perform uniaxial compressive strength tests, Brazilian split tests (tensile strength), and three-point bending tests (flexural strength) on mudstone. By applying axial loads, they measure the strength and deformation characteristics of mudstone under compression, tension, or bending. This equipment is complex and expensive. Dynamic load testing cannot be performed on samples after static load fracture testing. Duplicate specimens must be prepared, and static and dynamic loads must be tested in separate steps, resulting in a cumbersome process and low testing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A static-dynamic combined loading mudstone mechanics experimental device comprises an experimental box, a detection platform, a static load mechanism, a dynamic load mechanism and a drive assembly, wherein the detection platform is installed in the experimental box, the static load mechanism comprises a static load test rod driven by power in the experimental box, the bottom of the static load test rod is provided with a positioning member that passes downward through the detection platform, and the positioning member is provided with an experimental channel, the dynamic load mechanism comprises an ejection seat fixed on the detection platform and a dynamic load test piece elastically connected in the ejection seat, the dynamic load test piece can eject relative to the experimental channel, the drive assembly comprises a drive seat connected to the dynamic load test piece and a drive rod connected to the static load test rod, the drive seat is provided with an inclined downward drive surface, and the drive rod is provided with an arc-shaped drive part opposite to the inclined downward drive surface, the arc-shaped drive part is used to crush the inclined downward drive surface and make the dynamic load test piece retreat into the ejection seat to store the ejection force.

[0006] As a further preference, the static load mechanism further includes a power source for driving the static load test rod, and the power source is at least one of a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder or an electric push rod.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment, the bottom end of the static load test rod is connected to a static load pressure platform, and the top end of the driving rod is connected to the static load pressure platform.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment, the positioning member is composed of four symmetrical positioning plates at the front, rear, left and right sides. The top of the positioning plate is fixed on the bottom surface of the static load pressure platform. A through groove is opened on the detection platform. The bottom end of the positioning plate extends into the through groove. A positioning space is formed between the positioning plates. The test sample is placed in the positioning space. After the detection platform rises, the positioning plate is separated from the through groove and reaches the top of the detection platform.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment, the experimental channel passes through a positioning plate opposite to the dynamic load test piece. When the positioning plate rises and resets, the experimental channel and the dynamic load test piece coincide on the same straight line.

[0010] As a further preference, the inner surface of each positioning plate is provided with a rubber plate, which extends into the through groove, and the experimental channel is opened on one of the positioning plates, while the inner end of the experimental channel also passes through the rubber plate on the inner surface of the positioning plate.

[0011] As a further preference, the ejection seat is a horizontal metal tube, the tube cavity of the ejection seat is perpendicular to the positioning plate, a through opening is provided at one end of the ejection seat facing the positioning plate, and the other end is closed by a pipe plug, the dynamic load test piece is sleeved in the tube cavity of the ejection seat, and a compression spring is connected between the dynamic load test piece and the pipe plug.

[0012] As a further preference, a linear groove is provided on the top of the ejection seat along its length direction, a reciprocating plate is provided in the linear groove, the reciprocating plate is vertically upward, and the driving seat is fixed on the top end of the reciprocating plate.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment, the dynamic load test piece is provided with scales along its length direction.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared to the prior art are:

[0015] A testing box is set up, and a testing platform is provided in the testing box. A static load test rod with vertical force is set above the platform. A dynamic load test piece is set on the side of the static load test rod. The dynamic load test piece is compressed in the ejection seat by a spring. The static load test rod and the dynamic load test piece are connected together by a driving assembly. The rock sample is placed on the testing platform. After the static load test rod moves relative to the sample, it provides a pressure destructive force to the top surface of the sample until the pressure crushes or deforms the sample. The pressure value is recorded, and the pressure used by the static load test rod to destroy the sample is recorded. After the static load test, it rises, and the driving component triggers the dynamic load test piece to be ejected from the ejection seat to the sample to complete the dynamic load test on the sample. The depth of the dynamic load test piece ejected into the ejection seat is measured, and the dynamic load test piece is ejected into the ejection seat to complete the dynamic load test on the sample. When the mudstone sample is tested by the static load test rod inspection experiment, the dynamic load test piece is quickly dragged into the ejection seat by the driving component to store the ejection force. After the mudstone sample is tested by the static load test rod inspection experiment, the dynamic load test piece is quickly ejected onto the sample by the driving component to complete the dynamic load effect test. The dynamic and static load tests do not require deliberate step-by-step testing, which facilitates the rapid completion of the test and improves the test efficiency.

[0016] During static load testing, the static load is applied to the top surface of the specimen, while during dynamic load testing, the dynamic load is applied to the side surface of the specimen. The static and dynamic load points are not on the same surface, which achieves the purpose of damaging the same specimen at different positions and is also convenient for observing the experimental results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A front plan view of a dynamic and static combined loading mudstone mechanics experimental device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a dynamic and static combined loading mudstone mechanics experimental device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a mudstone mechanics experimental device with dynamic and static combined loading provided by an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a dynamic and static combined loading mudstone mechanics experimental device provided by an embodiment of the present invention during testing with the front side cut open;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of a dynamic and static combined loading mudstone mechanics experimental device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein S represents a specimen;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic top view of only the detection platform in the dynamic and static combined loading mudstone mechanics experimental device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 10, test box; 20, detection platform; 210, through slot; 30, static load mechanism; 310, static load test rod; 3101, static load pressure platform; 320, positioning piece; 3201, test channel; 3202, positioning space; 3203, positioning plate; 3204, rubber plate; 40, dynamic load mechanism; 410, ejection seat; 4101, linear slot; 4102, reciprocating plate; 420, dynamic load test piece; 4201, compression spring; 4202, scale; 50, drive assembly; 510, drive seat; 520, drive rod; 5101, inclined lower drive surface; 5201, arc-shaped drive part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The above and other embodiments and advantages of the present invention are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0025] In one embodiment, Figures 1-6 As shown:

[0026] The present embodiment provides a dynamic and static combined loading mudstone mechanics experimental device, including an experimental box 10, a detection platform 20, a static load mechanism 30, a dynamic load mechanism 40 and a drive assembly 50. The detection platform 20 is installed in the experimental box 10 for carrying the sample to be tested. The static load mechanism 30 includes a static load test rod 310 driven by power in the experimental box 10. The bottom of the static load test rod 310 is provided with a positioning member 320 that passes downward through the detection platform 20. The positioning member 320 is provided with an experimental channel 3201. The dynamic load mechanism 40 includes an ejection seat 410 fixed on the detection platform 20 and an elastic connection. The dynamic load test piece 420 in the ejection seat 410 can be ejected relative to the test channel 3201. The drive assembly 50 includes a drive seat 510 connected to the dynamic load test piece 420 and a drive rod 520 connected to the static load test rod 310. The drive seat 510 is provided with a slanted downward drive surface 5101, and the drive rod 520 is provided with an arc-shaped drive portion 5201 opposite to the slanted downward drive surface 5101. The arc-shaped drive portion 5201 is used to crush the slanted downward drive surface 5101 and cause the dynamic load test piece 420 to retreat into the ejection seat 410 to store and prepare for the release of the ejection force.

[0027] This implementation method can complete dynamic load tests and static load tests on mudstone samples, as shown below:

[0028] During the static load test, mudstone samples were selected and made into cylinders or rectangles. Figure 2The specimen S is placed in the positioning member 320, and the bottom end of the specimen S is placed on the top surface of the detection platform 20. The bottom end of the static load test rod 310 presses downward against the top surface of the specimen S, and the positioning member 320 descends with the experimental channel 3201. The degree of descent of the static load test rod 310 is based on the breakage of the specimen S. At this time, the pressure value of the static load test rod 310 when it descends is recorded. The power source of the static load test rod 310 is at least one of a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder or an electric push rod. For example, the power source is a hydraulic cylinder, and a pressure gauge is installed on the oil pipe where the hydraulic cylinder is located. The pressure used by the static load test rod 310 during the static load test is obtained through the pressure gauge, and the specimen S completes the static load test. During the above-mentioned static load test, the static load test rod 310 will descend with the driving rod 520. When the bottom end of the static load test rod 310 is not pressed on the top surface of the sample S, the arc-shaped driving portion 5201 at the bottom end of the driving rod 520 will roll over the high point of the downward inclined driving surface 5101 in advance. As the static load test rod 310 continues to descend, the arc-shaped driving portion 5201 rolls over the high point of the downward inclined driving surface 5101 and continues to descend, so that the downward inclined driving surface 5101 is subjected to force and pushes the driving seat 510 away from the sample S. The dynamic load test piece 420 is dragged into the ejection seat 410 by the driving seat 510 to elastically store the ejection force.

[0029] The static load test rod 310 is a transparent plastic tube, and its bottom end passes through the detection platform 20. When the sample S breaks, it will not fall out of the positioning member 320, but will remain confined in the positioning member 320 in a rectangular state. The pressure used when it breaks reflects its ability to bear static loads. After the static load test, the static load test rod 310 rises and moves away from the sample S. The destructive force on the sample S disappears, and the driving rod 520 rises with the static load test rod 310. The arc-shaped driving part 5201 leaves the driving seat 510, and the dragging force of the driving seat 510 on the dynamic load test piece 420 disappears. At the same time, the positioning member 320 resets upward, and the test channel 3201 returns to the ejection position of the dynamic load test piece 420. The dynamic load test piece 420 ejects onto the sample S through the test channel 3201 and leaves an indentation on the sample S. The ability of the sample S to bear dynamic loads is measured based on the depth of the indentation, and the sample S completes the dynamic load test. The dynamic load test piece 420 is provided with a scale 4202 along its length direction for detecting the displacement of the dynamic load test piece 420 when it is ejected onto the sample S, so as to facilitate recording of the test results.

[0030] In summary, during the static load test on specimen S, the linkage action of the drive assembly 50 first pulls the dynamic load test piece 420 into the ejection seat 410 to store the ejection force. After the static load test on specimen S, the linkage action of the drive assembly 50 causes the dynamic load test piece 420 to be ejected onto specimen S, completing the simultaneous dynamic load test. This eliminates the need for deliberate step-by-step testing of the dynamic and static loads, improving test efficiency. During the static load test, the force acts on the top surface of specimen S, while during the dynamic load test, the force acts on the side surfaces of specimen S. The dynamic and static test points are not on the same surface, achieving the practical purpose of damaging the same specimen at different locations and facilitating observation of the test results.

[0031] In another embodiment, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, the bottom end of the static load test rod 310 is connected to the static load pressure platform 3101, and the top end of the driving rod 520 is connected to the static load pressure platform 3101. The positioning member 320 is composed of four positioning plates 3203 that are symmetrical in front, back, and left and right. The top end of the positioning plate 3203 is fixed on the bottom surface of the static load pressure platform 3101. A through slot 210 is provided on the detection platform 20. The bottom end of the positioning plate 3203 extends into the through slot 210. A positioning space 3202 is formed between the positioning plates 3203. The sample S to be tested is placed in the positioning space 3202. After the detection platform 20 rises, the positioning plate 3203 is separated from the through slot 210 and reaches the top of the detection platform 20, which is convenient for the sample S to be placed before detection or taken after detection. During the static load test, the static load test rod 310 descends, carrying the static load pressure platform 3101 with it. The static load pressure platform 3101 then descends, carrying the positioning plate 3203 with it. The static load pressure platform 3101 descends along the through slot 210. In this embodiment, the static load test rod 310 descends, pressing the static load pressure platform 3101 against the top surface of the specimen S to crush it and complete the static load test on the specimen S. The static load test rod 310 applies static load to the top surface of the specimen S, ensuring that the specimen S does not break into powder after being crushed. Simultaneously, the dynamic load test piece 420 is ejected onto the intact specimen S to complete the dynamic load test.

[0032] In another embodiment, a rubber sheet 3204 is provided on the inner surface of each positioning plate 3203. The rubber sheet 3204 extends into the through slot 210 along with the positioning plates 3203. The four positioning plates 3203 form a positioning space 3202 for placing the specimen S. Similarly, these four rubber sheets 3204 are the inner surfaces of the positioning space 3202, and these four rubber sheets 3204 are equivalent to four cushioning and protective structures on the inner surface of the positioning space 3202. The experimental channel 3201 is provided on one of the positioning plates 3203, and the inner end of the experimental channel 3201 also passes through the rubber sheet 3204 on the inner surface of this positioning plate 3203. The inner surfaces of the four rubber sheets 3204 are attached to the four sides of the specimen S. When cracks form on the specimen S after being subjected to static load pressure by the static load test rod 310, destructive force is applied in these four directions. The destructive force is blocked and unloaded by the four rubber sheets 3204. This utilizes the elastic plastic deformation properties of rubber to ensure that cracks do not form in the specimen S, completing the static load test and ensuring the integrity of the specimen S after cracking. This provides a prerequisite for the dynamic load test piece 420 during the lateral dynamic load test.

[0033] The ejection seat 410 is a horizontal metal tube. The tube cavity of the ejection seat 410 is perpendicular to the positioning plate 3203. The ejection seat 410 has a through hole on one end facing the positioning plate 3203 and is closed by a pipe plug on the other end. The dynamic load test piece 420 is sleeved in the tube cavity of the ejection seat 410. A compression spring 4201 is connected between the dynamic load test piece 420 and the pipe plug. The top of the ejection seat 410 is provided with a linear groove 4101 along its length. A reciprocating plate is provided in the linear groove 4101. 4102, the reciprocating plate 4102 is vertically upward, and the driving seat 510 is fixed on the top of the reciprocating plate 4102. Under the drag of the driving seat 510, the reciprocating plate 4102 drags the dynamic load test piece 420 into the ejection seat 410, and the compression spring 4201 is compressed and shortened, and the dynamic load test piece 420 stores elastic force; conversely, when the pressure on the driving seat 510 disappears, the compression spring 4201 releases its length, and the dynamic load test piece 420 is ejected onto the sample. The ejection structure is simple.

[0034] It should be further explained that the static load test rod 310 moves up with the static load pressure platform 3101 , pulling the positioning plate 3203 upward out of the through slot 210 , and then placing the sample S on the testing platform 20 .

[0035] The above orientation designations do not represent the specific orientations of the components in this implementation scheme. This implementation scheme is only for the convenience of describing the scheme, and the orientations are described relatively with reference to the figures. In essence, the specific orientations of the components are described based on their actual installation and actual use, as well as the customary orientations of those skilled in the art. This is hereby explained.

[0036] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose of the present invention, technical solutions, and beneficial effects. It should be understood that the above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In particular, it should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic and static combined loading mudstone mechanics experimental device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an experimental box (10), a detection platform (20), a static load mechanism (30), a dynamic load mechanism (40) and a driving assembly (50), wherein the detection platform (20) is installed in the experimental box (10), the static load mechanism (30) comprises a static load test rod (310) driven by power in the experimental box (10), a positioning member (320) passing downward through the detection platform (20) is provided at the bottom of the static load test rod (310), and an experimental channel (3201) is provided on the positioning member (320), and the dynamic load mechanism (40) comprises an ejection seat (410) fixed on the detection platform (20) and a dynamic load mechanism elastically connected to the ejection seat (410). The test piece (420) is capable of ejection movement relative to the test channel (3201). The driving assembly (50) includes a driving seat (510) connected to the dynamic test piece (420) and a driving rod (520) connected to the static test rod (310). The driving seat (510) is provided with an inclined downward driving surface (5101). The driving rod (520) is provided with an arc-shaped driving portion (5201) opposite to the inclined downward driving surface (5101). The arc-shaped driving portion (5201) is used to crush the inclined downward driving surface (5101) and cause the dynamic test piece (420) to retreat into the ejection seat (410) to store the ejection force.

2. The dynamic and static combined loading mudstone mechanics experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The static load mechanism (30) further comprises a power source for driving the static load test rod (310), wherein the power source is at least one of a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder or an electric push rod.

3. The dynamic and static combined loading mudstone mechanics experimental device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The bottom end of the static load test rod (310) is connected to the static load pressure platform (3101), and the top end of the driving rod (520) is connected to the static load pressure platform (3101).

4. The dynamic and static combined loading mudstone mechanics experimental device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The positioning member (320) is composed of four positioning plates (3203) that are symmetrical in front, back, left, and right directions. The top ends of the positioning plates (3203) are fixed to the bottom surface of the static load pressure platform (3101). A through slot (210) is provided on the detection platform (20). The bottom ends of the positioning plates (3203) extend into the through slot (210). A positioning space (3202) is formed between the positioning plates (3203). The sample to be tested is placed in the positioning space (3202). After the detection platform (20) rises, the positioning plates (3203) are separated from the through slot (210) and reach the top of the detection platform (20).

5. The dynamic and static combined loading mudstone mechanics experimental device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The experimental channel (3201) is connected to the positioning plate (3203) opposite to the dynamic load test piece (420). When the positioning plate (3203) rises and resets, the experimental channel (3201) and the dynamic load test piece (420) coincide with each other on the same straight line.

6. The dynamic and static combined loading mudstone mechanics experimental device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The inner surface of each positioning plate (3203) is provided with a rubber plate (3204), and the rubber plate (3204) extends into the through groove (210). The experimental channel (3201) penetrates the positioning plate (3203) opposite to the dynamic load test piece (420), and the inner end of the experimental channel (3201) also penetrates the rubber plate (3204) on the inner surface of the positioning plate (3203).

7. The dynamic and static combined loading mudstone mechanics experimental device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The ejection seat (410) is a horizontal metal tube. The tube cavity of the ejection seat (410) is perpendicular to the positioning plate (3203). One end of the ejection seat (410) facing the positioning plate (3203) is provided with a through opening, and the other end is closed by a tube plug. The dynamic load test piece (420) is sleeved in the tube cavity of the ejection seat (410), and a compression spring (4201) is connected between the dynamic load test piece (420) and the tube plug.

8. The dynamic and static combined loading mudstone mechanics experimental device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A linear groove (4101) is provided on the top of the ejection seat (410) along its length direction. A reciprocating plate (4102) is provided in the linear groove (4101). The reciprocating plate (4102) is vertically upward, and the driving seat (510) is fixed on the top of the reciprocating plate (4102).

9. The dynamic and static combined loading mudstone mechanics experimental device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The dynamic load test piece (420) is provided with a scale (4202) along its length direction.

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