Non-explosive seismic source device and method of jarring

Abstract

The application discloses a non-explosive seismic source device and a shock method for seismic exploration, relates to the technical fields of seismic exploration and blasting, and comprises a blasting cylinder, a top cover and a pipe plug, the pipe plug is arranged in the blasting cylinder, one end of the blasting cylinder is sealed, the other end is connected with the top cover through threads, and a gas-stopping pad, a sponge column and a gas generator are sequentially arranged in the blasting cylinder. The non-explosive seismic source device and the shock method for seismic exploration have the advantages of simple structure, easy material acquisition, no influence of the use environment, no harmful gas generation, no need of approval procedures, no need of a blasting operation certificate for an operator, easy operation after simple training, good coupling between the device and a stratum, use in complex terrain areas, use in water areas such as lakes and oceans, and high safety and good operability compared with a gas explosion seismic source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of seismic exploration and blasting technology, and in particular to a non-explosive seismic source device and seismic excitation method for seismic exploration. Background Technology

[0002] Seismic exploration utilizes artificial methods to induce crustal vibrations. Based on the differences in elasticity and density of the underground medium, precision instruments are used to record vibration information at various receiving points on the ground after an explosion. This recorded information is then processed to obtain data that allows for the inference of the properties of underground rock strata and the characteristics of underground geological structures. Seismic exploration is an important means of prospecting for oil, natural gas, and solid mineral resources before drilling, and it is also widely used in coalfield and engineering geological exploration, regional geological research, and crustal studies.

[0003] Currently, seismic exploration sources are broadly classified into two categories: explosive sources and non-explosive sources. Explosive sources produce seismic signals that are continuous, narrow pulses with strong excitation energy and a wide frequency spectrum. However, their energy is difficult to control, resulting in low energy utilization and significant destructive potential. Furthermore, due to strict national regulations on explosives, the approval process for explosive sources is complex and time-consuming, and personnel using them must hold a blasting operation permit. Controlled seismic sources, on the other hand, are mechanical devices mounted on vehicles and belong to the category of non-explosive sources. By controlling a hydraulic servo system, a vibrator is driven to emit periodic vibration signals, thus generating seismic waves. Controlled seismic sources require good coupling between the vibrating plate and the ground to generate seismic waves. However, the coupling is poor in rugged and hard rock formations, and controlled seismic source vehicles are difficult to access in areas with complex terrain. Air gun seismic sources are another type of non-explosive seismic source. They utilize an air compressor to rapidly inject high-pressure air into water, generating high-pressure bubbles for excitation. These bubbles oscillate repeatedly in the water, expanding and compressing under damped conditions, creating outward-propagating pressure waves. Air gun seismic sources can only be used in seismic exploration in bodies of water such as lakes and oceans. In recent years, a new type of air gun seismic source, also known as a gas explosion seismic source, has emerged. It involves injecting a mixture of combustible gases, such as hydrogen, methane, or propane, with air or oxygen into an explosion chamber, which is then ignited by an electric spark to generate seismic waves. This type of air gun seismic source can be used on land, expanding its application range; however, because it uses a combustible gas explosion, it is highly dangerous.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a non-explosive seismic source device suitable for seismic exploration. It has a simple structure, readily available materials, is not affected by the operating environment, and produces no harmful gases. It is particularly suitable for areas where explosive seismic sources cannot be used in complex and sensitive environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a non-explosive seismic source device and excitation method for seismic exploration, which solves the shortcomings of existing explosive seismic sources, controllable seismic sources and air gun seismic sources in use.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a non-explosive seismic source device for seismic exploration, comprising a blasting cylinder, a top cover, and a plug. The plug is disposed inside the blasting cylinder. One end of the blasting cylinder is sealed, and the other end is provided with an external thread that connects to the internal thread on the top cover. A gas-stopping pad, a sponge column, and a gas-generating pipe are sequentially disposed inside the blasting cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, the gas generating pipe is made of plastic, the outer diameter of the gas generating pipe is the same as the inner diameter of the blasting cylinder, and the gas generating pipe is equipped with an electric ignition head and a gas generating agent. The gas generating agent is in powder form and its main components are ammonium oxalate, salicylic acid and potassium perchlorate.

[0008] Preferably, the plug is provided with threads that match the screws inside the gas-generating pipe. Both ends of the gas-generating pipe are sealed to the plug. A small hole is machined at the center of one end of the plug, with a diameter slightly smaller than the wire diameter of the electric igniter.

[0009] Preferably, the sponge column is made of high-density sponge, the diameter of the sponge column is the same as the inner diameter of the blasting cylinder, and the thickness of the sponge column after compression inside the blasting cylinder is at least 1 / 3 of its thickness in its natural state.

[0010] Preferably, the gas stop cushion is made of rubber, the diameter of the gas stop cushion is the same as the inner diameter of the blasting cylinder, and a through hole is machined at the center of the gas stop cushion, the diameter of the through hole being slightly smaller than the wire diameter of the electric ignition head.

[0011] Preferably, the electric ignition head is positioned in the middle of the gas-generating pipe. The ignition current of the electric ignition head is 0.5A / 20ms, and the safety current is 0.25A / 5s. The electric ignition head wire is a single-strand wire with two cores. The copper core wire diameter of the electric ignition head wire is not less than 0.4mm. The electric ignition head wire passes sequentially through the central hole of the pipe plug, the sponge column, the gas-stopping pad, and the top cover.

[0012] Preferably, both the blasting cylinder and the top cover are made of high-strength material, and a circular hole is machined at the center of the top cover, the diameter of which is slightly smaller than the wire diameter of the electric ignition head.

[0013] Preferably, the blasting cylinder and the top cover are combined to form a sealed cavity, and the pressure resistance value of the sealed cavity is not less than 20 MPa.

[0014] A method for inducing seismic activity using a non-explosive source device for seismic exploration includes the following steps:

[0015] S1: According to the seismic construction design, the location of the blast point is reached through the satellite positioning system;

[0016] S2: Perform an electric ignition head test. Determine whether the electric ignition head resistance value is within the detonation range. If the electric ignition head resistance value test fails, troubleshoot the problem, replace the non-explosive vibration source, and repeat S2. If the electric ignition head resistance value test passes, proceed to step S3.

[0017] S3: Bury the non-explosive seismic source device at a specified depth on the ground according to the construction design requirements, and connect the electric ignition heads in parallel.

[0018] S4: Complete the arrangement of non-explosive seismic source devices at all designated blasting points, test the resistance value of the detonation network to determine if it is within the detonation range. If the detonation network resistance value test fails, check the detonation network and test the resistance value of the detonation network again to determine if it is within the detonation range. If the detonation network resistance value test passes, proceed to step S5.

[0019] S5: The detonator is charging and waiting for the detonation command;

[0020] S6: The detonation command is issued. Press the detonation button to complete the detonation. The detector collects and saves the seismic signal data.

[0021] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned non-explosive seismic source device and excitation method for seismic exploration, which has a simple structure, readily available materials, is unaffected by the operating environment, and produces no harmful gases. Compared with explosive seismic sources, no approval procedures are required, and operators do not need blasting operation certificates; they can operate the device after simple training. Compared with controlled seismic sources, it has good coupling with the strata and can be used in areas with complex terrain. Compared with air gun seismic sources, it can be used not only in water bodies such as lakes and oceans but also on land. Compared with gas explosion seismic sources, it has high safety and good operability.

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a non-explosive seismic source device and seismic excitation method for seismic exploration according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a seismometry layout diagram of a non-explosive seismic source device for seismic exploration according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the vibration excitation method of the present invention;

[0026] Figure Labels

[0027] 101. Detonation tube; 102. Top cover; 103. Sponge column; 104. Gas stopper; 105. Gas generation pipe; 106. Pipe plug; 107. Gas generation agent; 108. Electric igniter; 201. Non-explosive seismic source device; 202. Designated wellhead on the ground; 203. Detonation network; 204. Detonator. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0030] Example

[0031] Please see Figure 1-3 This invention provides a non-explosive seismic source device for seismic exploration, comprising a blasting tube 101, a top cover 102, a sponge column 103, a gas-stopping pad 104, a gas-generating pipe 105, a pipe plug 106, a gas-generating agent 107, and an electric igniter 108. The gas-generating pipe 105 contains the gas-generating agent 107 and the electric igniter 108, and both ends are sealed with pipe plugs 106. The gas-generating pipe 105, sponge column 103, and gas-stopping pad 104 are sequentially inserted into the blasting tube 101, and the top cover 102 is installed to form a sealed cavity. The remotely detonated electric igniter 108 ignites the gas-generating agent 107, causing a violent chemical reaction that results in deflagration. A large amount of gas is instantly generated in the sealed cavity, and the high-pressure gas blasts the blasting tube 101, forming a seismic source for seismic exploration.

[0032] The blasting cylinder 101 and the top cover 102 are made of Q235 steel. The blasting cylinder 101 has an outer diameter of 56mm, a length of 500mm, and a wall thickness of 3mm. One end is sealed by electric welding, and the other end is machined with external threads. The top cover 102 is 5mm thick and is machined with internal threads. The blasting cylinder 101 and the top cover 102 form a sealed cavity through the threaded combination. The sealed cavity has good airtightness and a pressure resistance of not less than 20MPa. A circular hole with a diameter of 2mm is machined at the center of the top cover 102.

[0033] The sponge column 103 is made of 35D high-density sponge. The sponge column 103 has a diameter of 50mm and a length of 50mm. After assembly, the thickness of the sponge column 103 after compression inside the blasting cylinder 101 is 25mm.

[0034] The air stop pad 104 is made of silicone rubber, with a diameter of 50mm and a thickness of 5mm. The air stop pad 104 has a through hole with a diameter of 1.5mm at its center, which is slightly smaller than the wire diameter of the electric ignition head 108.

[0035] The gas-generating pipe 105 is made of PVC plastic pipe with an outer diameter of 50mm, a length of 470mm, and a wall thickness of 3mm. The outer diameter of the gas-generating pipe 105 is the same as the inner diameter of the blasting cylinder 101, and the two ends of the gas-generating pipe 105 are machined with internal threads.

[0036] The plug 106 is made of PP plastic and has external threads. The gas production pipe 105 is sealed with the plug 106. A small hole with a diameter of 1.5mm is machined at the center of one end of the plug 106. The hole diameter is slightly smaller than the wire diameter of the electric ignition head 108.

[0037] Gas-generating agent 107 is filled in gas-generating pipe 105. Gas-generating agent 107 is in powder form. The main components of gas-generating agent 107 are ammonium oxalate, salicylic acid and potassium perchlorate. All components are mixed evenly.

[0038] The electric igniter 108 has an initiation current of 0.5A / 20ms and a safe current of 0.25A / 5s. The electric igniter 108 is located in the middle of the gas production pipe 105. The electric igniter 108 has a single-strand wire with a copper core diameter of 0.5mm, or a double-core wire with a diameter of 2mm.

[0039] One end of the gas generating pipe 105 is sealed with a pipe plug 106 via threads. The electric ignition head 108 is installed in the middle of the gas generating pipe 105. Then, the gas generating agent 107 is filled into the gas generating pipe 105 and gently vibrated to compact it. The electric ignition head 108 passes through the pipe plug 106 with a small hole. The pipe plug 106 with a small hole is connected and sealed to the gas generating pipe 105 via threads. The assembled gas generating pipe 105 is installed into the blasting tube 101. The wire of the electric ignition head 108 passes through the through hole of the sponge column 103, the gas stop pad 104, and the round hole of the top cover 102 in sequence. The top cover 102 is connected and sealed to the blasting tube 101, completing the assembly of the non-explosive vibration source device 201.

[0040] A non-explosive seismic source device excitation method for seismic exploration includes the following steps:

[0041] S1: According to the seismic construction design, the location of the blast point is reached through the satellite positioning system;

[0042] S2: Perform the electric ignition head 108 test. Determine whether it is within the detonation range based on the resistance value of the electric ignition head 108. If the electric ignition head 108 resistance value test fails, troubleshoot the problem, replace the non-explosive vibration source, and repeat S2. If the electric ignition head 108 resistance value test passes, proceed to step S3.

[0043] S3: Bury the non-explosive seismic source device 201 into the designated wellhead 202 on the ground according to the construction design requirements, and connect the electric ignition head 108 in parallel to the detonation network 203.

[0044] S4: Complete the arrangement of non-explosive seismic source devices 201 at all designated blasting points, test the resistance value of the detonation network 203 to determine whether it is within the detonation range. If the resistance value test of the detonation network 203 fails, the detonation network is checked, and the resistance value of the detonation network 203 is tested again to determine whether it is within the detonation range. If the resistance value test of the detonation network 203 passes, proceed to step S5.

[0045] S5: Detonator 204 is charging and waiting for the detonation command;

[0046] S6: The detonation command is issued. Press the detonation button. After the ignition head is activated, the gas-generating agent 107 undergoes a violent chemical reaction and deflagration. A large amount of gas is generated instantly in the sealed cavity. After the high-pressure gas blasts the blasting tube 101, it forms a seismic wave for exploration, completing the detonation. The detector collects and saves the seismic signal data.

[0047] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned non-explosive seismic source device and excitation method for seismic exploration, which has a simple structure, readily available materials, is unaffected by the operating environment, and produces no harmful gases. Compared with explosive seismic sources, no approval procedures are required, and operators do not need blasting operation certificates; they can operate the device after simple training. Compared with controlled seismic sources, it has good coupling with the strata and can be used in areas with complex terrain. Compared with air gun seismic sources, it can be used not only in water bodies such as lakes and oceans but also on land. Compared with gas explosion seismic sources, it has high safety and good operability.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-explosive seismic source device for seismic exploration, characterized by: It includes a blasting cylinder, a top cover and a pipe plug, the pipe plug is arranged in the blasting cylinder, one end of the blasting cylinder is sealed, the other end is provided with external threads connected with internal threads of the top cover, the blasting cylinder is sequentially provided with a gas stop pad, a sponge column and a gas production pipe; The gas production pipe is made of plastic material, the outer diameter of the gas production pipe is consistent with the inner diameter of the blasting cylinder, the gas production pipe is provided with an electric ignition head and a gas production agent, the gas production agent is in powder form, and main components are ammonium oxalate, salicylic acid and potassium perchlorate; One end of the gas production pipe is sealed by the pipe plug through threads, the electric ignition head is arranged at the middle position of the gas production pipe, then the gas production agent is filled in the gas production pipe, and the filling is compacted by gently shaking, the electric ignition head passes through the pipe plug with a small hole, the pipe plug with a small hole is connected and sealed with the gas production pipe through threads, the assembled gas production pipe is arranged in the blasting cylinder, and the electric ignition head wire sequentially passes through the pipe plug center hole, the sponge column, the gas stop pad and the top cover; the top cover is connected and sealed with the blasting cylinder, and the assembly of the non-explosive seismic source device is completed; The electric ignition head ignition current is 0.5A / 20ms, and the safety current is 0.25A / 5s, the electric ignition head wire is single-wire wire, double-core, and the copper core diameter of the electric ignition head wire is not less than 0.4mm, The blasting cylinder and the top cover are combined to form a sealed cavity, and the pressure resistance value of the sealed cavity is not less than 20MPa; A method for shocking a non-explosive seismic source device for seismic exploration, comprising the following steps: S1: according to the seismic construction design, reaching the shot point position through the satellite positioning system; S2: testing the electric ignition head, judging whether it is within the ignitable range according to the electric resistance value of the electric ignition head, if not passing the electric ignition head resistance value test, troubleshooting, replacing the non-explosive seismic source, repeating S2, if passing the electric ignition head resistance value test, then executing step S3; S3: according to the construction design requirements, the non-explosive seismic source device is buried in the ground at a specified depth, and the electric ignition head is connected in parallel; S4: after completing the arrangement of the non-explosive seismic source device at all specified shot points, testing the resistance value of the ignition network to judge whether it is within the ignition range, if not passing the ignition network resistance value test, then troubleshooting the ignition network, and testing the resistance value of the ignition network to judge whether it is within the ignition range, if passing the ignition network resistance value test, then executing step S5; S5: the igniter is charged, and waits for the ignition instruction; S6: the ignition instruction is given, the ignition button is pressed, the ignition is completed, and the geophone collects seismic signal data and saves it; The sponge column is made of high-density sponge, the diameter of the sponge column is consistent with the inner diameter of the blasting cylinder, and the compressed thickness of the sponge column in the blasting cylinder is at least 1 / 3 of the thickness in the natural state; The gas stop pad is made of rubber material, the diameter of the gas stop pad is consistent with the inner diameter of the blasting cylinder, a through hole is processed at the center position of the gas stop pad, and the diameter of the through hole is slightly smaller than the wire diameter of the electric ignition head.

2. A non-explosive seismic source apparatus for seismic exploration according to claim 1, wherein: The pipe plug is provided with threads, the threads are matched with the screws in the gas production pipe, the two ends of the gas production pipe are sealed with the pipe plug, and a small hole is processed at the center of one end of the pipe plug, and the diameter is slightly smaller than the wire diameter of the electric ignition head.

3. A non-explosive seismic source apparatus for use in seismic exploration according to claim 2, wherein: The blasting cylinder and the top cover are made of high-strength material, a circular hole is formed in the center of the top cover, and the diameter of the circular hole is slightly smaller than the diameter of the electric ignition head.

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