Rapid design method for debris flow blocking dam based on motion energy analysis

Abstract

The invention relates to a debris flow blocking dam rapid design method based on motion energy analysis, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, primarily selecting n blocking dam arrangement positions according to geological exploration conditions, corresponding to n working conditions, and carrying out the subsequent analysis according to each working condition; s2, an SPH method is applied to simulate the movement process of the debris flow, flexible disaster reduction measures are applied, and virtual wall particles are adopted to simulate the blocking effect of the blocking dam on the debris flow; s3, debris flow impact characteristic parameters are calculated, wherein the debris flow impact characteristic parameters comprise the faucet impact action time delta t, the average impact speed, the faucet length L, the faucet volume Volhead and the impact load size Loadimpact; s4, design characteristic parameters of the blocking dam are calculated, and the design characteristic parameters of the section of the blocking dam under different downstream gradients are obtained and comprise the dam height H, the dam crest length LT, the dam crest width WT, the dam bottom length LB and the dam bottom width WB. According to the method, the feature size of the blocking dam can be rapidly designed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geological disaster analysis and simulation, and particularly relates to a rapid design method for debris flow retaining dams based on kinematic energy analysis. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of a debris flow defense engineering system, a blocking system combining flexible disaster reduction technology and retaining dams is considered an effective disaster reduction means. The reasonable and optimized layout of different disaster reduction technologies has a significant impact on the disaster reduction effect and project investment. However, in the design of the blocking system combining debris flow flexible disaster reduction technology and retaining dams, the existing analysis methods cannot efficiently determine the structural dimensions of the retaining dams according to the blocking effect of the flexible disaster reduction measures, which affects the optimized design and efficiency improvement of the disaster blocking system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rapid design method for debris flow retaining dams based on kinematic energy analysis, which can realize the rapid design of the characteristic dimensions of the retaining dams.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a rapid design method for debris flow retaining dams based on kinematic energy analysis, including the following steps: Step S1: According to the geological exploration situation, initially select n layout positions for the retaining dams, corresponding to n working conditions, and then analyze according to each working condition; Step S2: Apply the SPH method to simulate the movement process of the debris flow, apply the action of flexible disaster reduction measures, and use virtual wall particles to simulate the blocking effect of the retaining dams on the debris flow; Step S3: Calculate the debris flow impact characteristic parameters, including the leading head impact time Δ t , the average impact velocity , the leading head length L , the leading head volume Vol head , the magnitude of the impact load Load impact ; Step S4: Calculate the design characteristic parameters of the retaining dams, and obtain the design characteristic parameters of the cross-section of the retaining dams under different downstream slopes, including the dam height H , the dam crest length L T , the dam crest width W T , the dam bottom length L B and the dam bottom width W B .

[0005] Furthermore, step S2 specifically includes the following steps: S201. Assume that the SPH particle number is i , and the virtual particle number is j . Calculate the distance between the debris flow SPH particle and the virtual particle: (1) Among them, dis ( i , j ) is the distance between particle i and particle j ; X_p (:,:, i ) is the coordinate of SPH particle i ; X_vp (:,:, j ) is the coordinate of virtual particle j ; S202. According to the distance between the SPH particle and the virtual particle, determine whether it is necessary to carry out a blocking effect treatment on the debris flow particle: (2) Among them, f_vn ( i ) is a characterization variable for whether to carry out a blocking effect treatment on the debris flow particle. Its value is 1 for treatment and 0 for non-treatment; fact is the amplification factor of the influence radius of the virtual particle; IFlenth is the influence radius of the virtual particle; S203. Apply a blocking effect to the debris flow SPH particle with a blocking effect treatment characterization variable of 1. Assume that the i th particle needs to apply a blocking effect, then there is: (3) Among them, v (:,:, i ) is the particle velocity before applying the blocking effect; vec (:,:) is the unit direction vector of the axis of the retaining dam; v *(:,:, i ) is the particle velocity after applying the blocking effect.

[0006] Furthermore, in step S3, the time interval from when the SPH particles at the leading part of the debris flow start to be affected by the virtual particles of the retaining dam until the maximum velocity of the SPH particles at the leading part is less than 1*10 -2 m / s is used as the leading impact time Δ t ; when the SPH particles at the leading part of the debris flow start to be affected by the virtual particles of the retaining dam, the length of the leading part of the debris flow is used as the leading length L ; the average velocity of the particles at the leading part of the debris flow is used as the impact average velocity ; the volume of the debris flow head Vol head Calculated by the control section method or the conical approximation method; based on the volume of the debris flow head Vol head Calculate the magnitude of the impact load Load impact .

[0007] Furthermore, the calculation method of the control section method is as follows: Divide the position of the debris flow head into m equally spaced control sections, where the 1st section is the head of the debris flow head and the mth section is the tail of the debris flow head. Then the spacing between each control section is Δ L = L / ( m -1), the volume of the debris flow head Vol head Is calculated by the following formula: (4) Wherein, Asec i Is the area of the ith control section.

[0008] Furthermore, the calculation method of the conical approximation method is as follows: Divide the position of the debris flow head into m equally spaced control sections, where the 1st section is the head of the debris flow head and the mth section is the tail of the debris flow head. Then the spacing between each control section is Δ L = L / ( m -1), the volume of the debris flow head Vol head Is calculated by the following formula: (5) Wherein, r2 and r m Respectively represent the equivalent radii of the widths of the debris flow at the 2nd and mth control sections.

[0009] Furthermore, based on the volume of the debris flow head Vol head , calculate the magnitude of the impact load according to Newton's second law of motion Load impact : (6) Wherein, M Is the mass of the debris flow head, dv / dt Is the magnitude of the acceleration of the debris flow head under the blocking action, ρ Is the density of the debris flow.

[0010] Furthermore, step S4 specifically includes the following steps: S401. Select the safety factor K , and calculate the self-weight of the retaining dam G : (7) Among them, μ is the base friction coefficient; S402. Calculate the volume of the retaining dam V : (8) Among them, ρ dam is the density of the dam building material of the retaining dam; S403. Calculate the cross-section design characteristic parameters of the retaining dam; after applying the blocking effect of the retaining dam on the debris flow by using virtual wall particles, the maximum deposition height of the debris flow is H dep , then the dam height H is taken as: (9) Among them, MAX ( ) is the maximum operator, that is, the dam height H is taken as 1.05 times the larger value of H dep and H dep +1; Through the dam height H , combined with the terrain conditions of the retaining dam layout position, the top length of the dam L T and the bottom length of the dam L B are obtained; given that the downstream slope angle of the retaining dam is θ , the bottom width W B is calculated by the following formula: (10) The top width of the dam W T is calculated by the following formula: (11).

[0011] The present invention also provides a rapid design system for a debris flow retaining dam, including a memory, a processor, and computer program instructions stored on the memory and capable of being run by the processor. When the processor runs the computer program instructions, the above method can be implemented.

[0012] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which computer program instructions are stored, characterized in that when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the above-mentioned method is implemented.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Aiming at the problem in the design of the blocking system combining the current debris flow flexible disaster reduction technology and the retaining dam that it is impossible to efficiently determine the structural dimensions of the retaining dam according to the blocking effect of the flexible disaster reduction measures, the present invention provides a rapid design method for debris flow retaining dams based on kinetic energy analysis. This method combines dynamic process simulation and impact energy analysis to obtain effective characterizations of the impact energy and impact force of the debris flow head; on this basis, combined with energy analysis, on-site terrain conditions and construction conditions, the rapid design of the characteristic dimensions of the retaining dam is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the rapid design method for debris flow retaining dams provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the volume control section of the debris flow head in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the characteristic parameters of the cross-section design of the retaining dam in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present application belongs.

[0017] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0018] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides a rapid design method for debris flow retaining dams based on kinetic energy analysis, including the following steps: Step S1: According to the geological exploration situation, initially select n layout positions of the retaining dam, corresponding to n working conditions, and then analyze according to each working condition.

[0019] Step S2: Apply the SPH method to simulate the movement process of debris flow, apply the flexible disaster reduction measures, and use virtual wall particles to simulate the blocking effect of the retaining dam on the debris flow.

[0020] In this embodiment, step S2 specifically includes the following steps: S201. Assume that the SPH particle number is i , and the virtual particle number is j , and calculate the distance between the debris flow SPH particle and the virtual particle: (1) Wherein, dis ( i , j ) is the distance between particle i and particle j ; X_p (:,:, i ) is the coordinate of SPH particle i ; X_vp (:,:, j ) is the coordinate of virtual particle j .

[0021] S202. According to the distance between the SPH particle and the virtual particle, judge whether it is necessary to perform blocking treatment on the debris flow particle: (2) Wherein, f_vn ( i ) is the characterization variable for whether to perform blocking treatment on the debris flow particle (the value is 1 for treatment and 0 for non-treatment); fact is the amplification coefficient of the influence radius of the virtual particle, and generally can be taken as 1.5; IFlenth is the influence radius of the virtual particle.

[0022] S203. Apply the blocking effect to the debris flow SPH particles with the blocking treatment characterization variable of 1. Assume that the i th particle needs to apply the blocking effect, then there is: (3) Wherein, v (:,:, i ) is the particle velocity before applying the blocking effect; vec (:,:) is the unit direction vector of the axis of the retaining dam; v *(:,:, i ) is the particle velocity after applying the blocking effect.

[0023] Step S3: Calculate the impact characteristic parameters of the debris flow, including the leading head impact time Δ t, Impact average velocity , Length of the debris flow front L , Volume of the debris flow front Vol head , Magnitude of the impact load Load impact .

[0024] In this embodiment, the time interval from when the SPH particles in the debris flow front start to be affected by the virtual particles of the retaining dam until the maximum velocity of the SPH particles in the debris flow front is less than 1×10 -2 m / s is taken as the impact time Δ t of the debris flow front; when the SPH particles in the debris flow front start to be affected by the virtual particles of the retaining dam, the length of the debris flow front is taken as the length of the debris flow front L ; the average velocity of the particles in the debris flow front is taken as the impact average velocity ; the volume of the debris flow front Vol head is calculated by the control section method or the cone approximation method; based on the volume of the debris flow front Vol head the magnitude of the impact load is calculated Load impact .

[0025] Among them, the calculation method of the control section method is as follows: The position of the debris flow front is divided into m equally spaced control sections (where the 1st section is the head of the debris flow front and the mth section is the tail of the debris flow front), then the spacing between each control section is Δ L = L / ( m -1), and the volume of the debris flow front Vol head is calculated by the following formula: (4) Among them, Asec i is the area of the ith control section.

[0026] The calculation method of the cone approximation method is as follows: The position of the debris flow front is divided into m equally spaced control sections (where the 1st section is the head of the debris flow front and the mth section is the tail of the debris flow front), then the spacing between each control section is Δ L = L / ( m -1), and the volume of the debris flow front Vol head is calculated by the following formula: (5) Among them, r2, r mThey respectively represent the equivalent radii of the debris flow widths at the control cross-sections No. 2 and No. m, which are taken as half of the length here.

[0027] Based on the volume of the debris flow head Vol head , the magnitude of the impact load is calculated according to Newton's second law of motion Load impact : (6) Among them, M is the mass of the debris flow head, dv / dt is the magnitude of the acceleration of the debris flow head under the action of the retaining structure, ρ is the density of the debris flow.

[0028] Step S4: Calculate the design characteristic parameters of the retaining dam, and obtain the design characteristic parameters of the retaining dam cross-section under different downstream slopes, including the dam height H , the top length of the dam L T , the top width of the dam W T , the bottom length of the dam L B and the bottom width of the dam W B .

[0029] In this embodiment, step S4 specifically includes the following steps: S401. Select the safety factor K , and calculate the required self-weight of the retaining dam G : (7) Among them, μ is the base friction coefficient, and its value is 0.6 - 0.7.

[0030] S402. Calculate the volume of the retaining dam V : (8) Among them, ρ dam is the density of the dam building material of the retaining dam.

[0031] S403. Calculate the design characteristic parameters of the retaining dam cross-section. After applying the blocking effect of the retaining dam on the debris flow by using the virtual wall particles, the maximum siltation height of the debris flow is H dep , then the dam height H is taken as: (9) Among them, MAX( ) is the maximum value operator, i.e., the height of the retaining dam H is taken as 1.05 times of H dep and H dep the larger value of +1.

[0032] Through the height of the retaining dam H , combined with the topographic conditions of the layout position of the retaining dam, the top length of the dam L T and the bottom length of the dam L B are obtained; given that the downstream slope angle of the retaining dam is θ , the bottom width of the dam W B is calculated by the following formula: (10) The top width of the dam W T is calculated by the following formula: (11).

[0033] Next, taking a specific combined system of debris flow flexible disaster reduction facilities and retaining dams as an example, the implementation process of this method will be further described.

[0034] Step S1: According to the geological exploration situation, initially select n = 5 layout positions of the retaining dams, corresponding to n = 5 working conditions. Here, the analysis is carried out with n = 1 working condition as an example, and the calculation methods for other working conditions are the same.

[0035] Step S2: Apply the SPH method to simulate the movement process of the debris flow, apply the action of the flexible disaster reduction measures, and use the virtual wall particles to simulate the blocking effect of the retaining dam on the debris flow; specifically, it includes the following steps: ① Calculate the distance between the debris flow SPH particles and the virtual particles. Assume that the SPH particle number is i = 200, and the virtual particle number is j = 1001: (1) Among them, dis (200, 1001) is the distance between particle i and particle j ; X_p (:,:, 200) is the coordinate of the SPH particle i ; X_vp (:,:, 1001) is the coordinate of the virtual particle j ;

[0036] ② Judge the distance between each SPH particle and the virtual particle: Because: , so: (2) Wherein, f_vn (200) is a characterization variable for whether to perform a blocking effect treatment on debris flow particles (1 for treatment, 0 for no treatment), fact = 1.5m is the amplification coefficient of the influence radius of virtual particles, IFlenth = 0.8m is the influence radius of virtual particles.

[0037] ③ Apply a blocking effect to the debris flow SPH particles with a blocking effect treatment characterization variable of 1, then the i = 200th particle needs to be applied with a blocking effect, and there is: (3) Wherein, v (:,:, i ) = (3, 4) is the particle velocity before applying the blocking effect, is the unit direction vector of the axis of the retaining dam, is the particle velocity after applying the blocking effect.

[0038] Step S3: Calculate the debris flow impact characteristic parameters, including the leading head impact time Δ t , the average impact velocity , the leading head length L , the leading head volume Vol head , the magnitude of the impact load Load impact . Among them, the time interval from when the SPH particles in the leading head of the debris flow start to be affected by the virtual particles of the retaining dam until the maximum velocity of the SPH particles in the leading head is less than 1 * 10 -2 m / s is used as the leading head impact time Δ t = 0.25 s . The length of the leading head of the debris flow when the SPH particles in the leading head start to be affected by the virtual particles of the retaining dam is used as the leading head length L = 10 m . The leading head volume Vol head includes the following two calculation methods: ① Control section method Divide the position of the leading head of the debris flow into m = 5 equally spaced control sections (where the 1st section is the leading head and the m = 5th section is the trailing end of the leading head), then the spacing between each control section is Δ L = L / ( m - 1) = 2.5m, and the leading head volume Vol head can be calculated by the following formula: (4) Wherein, Asec i is the area of the i-th control section.

[0039] In this embodiment, the volume control section of the debris flow head is as shown in Figure 2 as follows. Figure 2 where S1 to S5 respectively represent the 1st to 5th control sections, Asec 2 to Asec 5 respectively represent the areas of the 2nd to 5th control sections.

[0040] ② Cone approximation method The position of the debris flow head is divided into m = 5 equally spaced control sections (where the 1st section is the head of the head and the m = 5th section is the tail of the head), and the spacing between each control section is Δ L = L / ( m -1) = 2.5m, and the volume of the head Vol head can be calculated by the following formula:[[]] (5) Wherein, r i represents the equivalent radius of the debris flow width of the control section, which is taken as the length divided by 3.6.

[0041] Thus, according to Newton's second law of motion, the magnitude of the impact load can be obtained Load impact :[[]] (6) Wherein: the average impact velocity , the debris flow density . The subsequent calculations are carried out using the obtained by method ②.

[0042] Step S4: Calculate the design characteristic parameters of the retaining dam to obtain the design characteristic parameters of the retaining dam cross-section under different downstream slopes, including the dam height H , the top length of the dam L T , the top width of the dam W T , the bottom length of the dam L B and the bottom width of the dam W B ; specifically, it includes the following steps:[[]] ① According to the selected safety factor K = 1.2, calculate the required self-weight magnitude G of the retaining dam:[[]] (7) Among them, μ is the base friction coefficient, with a value of 0.6.

[0043] ② Calculate the volume of the retaining dam V : (8) Among them, the density of the dam building material of the retaining dam .

[0044] ③ Calculate the cross-section design characteristic parameters of the retaining dam. After applying the retaining dam to block the debris flow by using virtual wall particles, the maximum deposition height of the debris flow is H dep = 8m, then the height of the retaining dam H can be taken as: (9) Among them, MAX ( ) is the maximum value operator, that is, the height of the retaining dam H is taken as 1.05 times the H dep and H dep + 1 of the larger value.

[0045] Through the height of the retaining dam H , combined with the terrain conditions of the layout position of the retaining dam, the top length of the dam L T = 50m, and the bottom length of the dam L B = 20m. Given that the downstream slope angle of the retaining dam is θ = 60°, the bottom width of the dam W B can be calculated by the following formula: (10) The top width of the dam W T can be calculated by the following formula: (11).

[0046] The cross-section design characteristic parameters of the retaining dam designed in this embodiment are as Figure 3 shown.

[0047] This embodiment also provides a rapid design system for a debris flow retaining dam, including a memory, a processor, and computer program instructions stored on the memory and executable by the processor. When the processor runs the computer program instructions, the above method can be implemented.

[0048] This embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which computer program instructions are stored, and characterized in that when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the above-mentioned method is implemented.

[0049] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Therefore, the present application can take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that contain computer-usable program code.

[0050] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram can be implemented by computer program instructions, and the combination of the flows and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram can also be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing devices to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing devices generate a device for implementing the functions specified in one Figure 1 one flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 one block or multiple blocks.

[0051] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory generate a manufactured article including an instruction device, and the instruction device implements the functions specified in one Figure 1 one flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 one block or multiple blocks.

[0052] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to generate a computer-implemented process. Therefore, the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one Figure 1 one flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 one block or multiple blocks.

[0053] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention to other forms. Any person skilled in the relevant art may use the technical content disclosed above to make changes or modifications into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution content of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid design method for debris flow retaining dams based on motion energy analysis, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step S1: According to the geological exploration situation, initially select n layout positions of the retaining dams, corresponding to n working conditions, and then analyze according to each working condition; Step S2: Apply the SPH method to simulate the movement process of the debris flow, apply the flexible disaster reduction measures, and use the virtual wall particles to simulate the blocking effect of the retaining dams on the debris flow; Step S3: Calculate debris flow impact characteristic parameters, including the leading edge impact action time Δ t , the average impact velocity , the leading edge length L , the leading edge volume Vol head , the magnitude of the impact load Load impact ; Step S4: Calculate the design characteristic parameters of the retaining dam to obtain the cross-section design characteristic parameters of the retaining dam under different downstream slopes, including the dam height H , the dam crest length L T , the dam crest width W T , the dam bottom length L B and the dam bottom width W B .

2. The rapid design method of a debris flow retaining dam based on motion energy analysis according to claim 1, wherein Step S2 specifically includes the following steps: S201. Assume that the SPH particle number is i , and the virtual particle number is j . Calculate the distance between the debris flow SPH particles and the virtual particles: （1） Among them, dis ( i , j ) is the distance magnitude between particle i and particle j ; X_p (:,:, i ) are the coordinates of the SPH particle i ; X_vp (:,:, j ) are the coordinates of the virtual particle j ; S202: Judge whether it is necessary to process the blocking effect on the debris flow particles according to the distance between the SPH particles and the virtual particles; （2） Among them, f_vn ( i ) is a characterization variable for whether to perform a blocking effect treatment on debris flow particles. Its value is 1 for treatment and 0 for non-treatment; fact is the amplification factor of the influence radius of virtual particles; IFlenth is the influence radius of virtual particles; S203. Apply the blocking effect to the debris flow SPH particles with the blocking effect treatment characterization variable being 1. Assume that the i th particle needs to have the blocking effect applied, then there is: （3） Among them, v (:,:, i ) is the particle velocity before the blocking effect is applied; vec (:,:) is the unit direction vector of the axis of the retaining dam; v *(:,:, i ) is the particle velocity after the blocking effect is applied.

3. A rapid design method for debris flow retaining dams based on motion energy analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the time interval from when the SPH particles at the leading part of the debris flow start to be affected by the virtual particles of the retaining dam until the maximum velocity of the SPH particles at the leading part is less than 1*10 -2 m / s is taken as the impact time Δ t of the leading part; when the SPH particles at the leading part of the debris flow start to be affected by the virtual particles of the retaining dam, the length of the leading part of the debris flow is taken as the leading length L ; the average velocity of the particles at the leading part of the debris flow is taken as the average impact velocity ; the volume of the leading part Vol head is calculated by the control section method or the cone approximation method; based on the volume of the leading part Vol head the magnitude of the impact load is calculated Load impact .

4. A rapid design method for debris flow retaining dams based on motion energy analysis according to claim 3, characterized in that The calculation method of the control section method is as follows: The position of the debris flow front is divided into m equidistant control sections. Among them, the 1st section is the head of the front, and the mth section is the tail of the front. Then the spacing between each control section is Δ L = L / ( m -1), and the volume of the front Vol head is calculated by the following formula: （4） Among them, Asec i is the area of the i-th control section.

5. A rapid design method for debris flow retaining dams based on motion energy analysis according to claim 3, characterized in that The calculation method of the conical approximation method is as follows: Divide the position of the debris flow front into m equally spaced control sections. Among them, the 1st control section is the front of the front, and the mth control section is the end of the front. Then the spacing between each control section is Δ L = L / ( m -1), and the volume of the front Vol head is calculated by the following formula: （5） Among them, r2 and r m respectively represent the equivalent radii of the debris flow widths at the control cross-sections No. 2 and No. m.

6. The rapid design method of a debris flow retaining dam based on motion energy analysis according to claim 3, characterized in that Based on the volume of the faucet Vol head , the magnitude of the impact load is calculated according to Newton's second law of motion Load impact : （6） Among them, M is the mass of the debris flow front, dv / dt is the magnitude of the acceleration of the front under the blocking action, ρ is the density of the debris flow.

7. A rapid design method for debris flow retaining dams based on motion energy analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that Step S4 Specifically includes the following steps: S401. Select the safety factor K , and calculate the required self-weight of the retaining dam G : （7） wherein, μ is the base friction coefficient; S402. Calculate the volume of the retaining dam V : （8） Among them, ρ dam is the density of the dam building material for the retaining dam; S403. Calculate the design characteristic parameters of the retaining dam cross-section; after applying the blocking effect of the retaining dam on debris flow using virtual wall particles, the maximum deposition height of the debris flow is H dep , then the height H of the retaining dam is taken as: （9） Among them, MAX ( ) is the maximum operator, that is, the height of the retaining dam H is taken as 1.05 times of H dep and H dep the larger value of + 1; Through the height of the retaining dam H , combined with the topographic conditions of the layout position of the retaining dam, the top length of the dam is obtained L T and the bottom length of the dam L B ; Given that the downstream slope angle of the retaining dam is θ , the bottom width of the dam W B is calculated by the following formula: （10） Crest width W T It is calculated by the following formula: （11）。 8. A rapid design system for debris flow retaining dams, characterized in that, It includes a memory, a processor, and computer program instructions stored on the memory and capable of being run by the processor. When the processor runs the computer program instructions, the method described in any one of claims 1-7 can be implemented.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the method described in any one of claims 1-7 is implemented.

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