Method and device for evaluating lightning resistance level of UHV transmission lines based on tower head gap structure

Abstract

The present application relates to a method and device for assessing the lightning resistance level of an ultra-high voltage line based on a tower head gap structure. The method comprises: constructing a simulation model based on the line structure information and electrical parameters of the ultra-high voltage line, as well as the tower structure information of the transmission tower; inputting the lightning current waveform parameters and lightning channel wave impedance parameters of the ultra-high voltage line into the simulation model to obtain the voltage distribution information and current propagation characteristic information of the ultra-high voltage line under lightning strike conditions; determining the flashover criterion information based on the discharge voltage characteristic information of the insulator string of the ultra-high voltage line and the breakdown voltage characteristic information of the tower head air gap; and determining the lightning resistance level assessment result based on the voltage distribution information, current propagation characteristic information, and flashover criterion information. This method can comprehensively consider the impact of the breakdown characteristics of the tower head air gap, the complexity of the tower structure, and the dynamic characteristics of lightning current propagation on the lightning resistance level assessment, thereby improving the accuracy of the lightning resistance level assessment result of the ultra-high voltage line.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of lightning protection level assessment for ultra-high voltage lines, and in particular to a method, device, computer equipment, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product for lightning protection level assessment for ultra-high voltage lines based on a tower head gap structure. Background Art

[0002] Ultra-high voltage (UHV) transmission lines are critical infrastructure for long-distance, high-capacity power transmission in modern power systems. Their operational safety and stability are directly linked to grid reliability. Because UHV lines typically operate at high altitudes, in complex terrain, and in areas with frequent lightning activity, lightning strikes pose a major threat to their safe operation. The lightning withstand capability assessment of UHV lines quantifies their lightning resistance by analyzing their electrical characteristics under lightning strike conditions.

[0003] Traditional technologies mainly use simplified line models and fixed parameters to evaluate lightning protection levels. However, traditional technologies do not take into account the impact of the complex physical characteristics of the line on the lightning protection level evaluation, which is not conducive to improving the accuracy of the lightning protection level evaluation results of ultra-high voltage lines. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a method, device, computer equipment, computer-readable storage medium and computer program product for evaluating the lightning resistance level of ultra-high voltage lines based on the tower head gap structure, which can improve the accuracy of the evaluation results of the lightning resistance level of ultra-high voltage lines in response to the above technical problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for evaluating the lightning resistance level of an ultra-high voltage line based on a tower head gap structure, comprising:

[0006] Constructing a simulation model based on line structure information and electrical parameters of an ultra-high voltage line and tower structure information of a transmission tower of the ultra-high voltage line; the simulation model characterizes the electrical characteristics of a power transmission system under lightning strike conditions; the power transmission system includes the ultra-high voltage line and the transmission tower;

[0007] Inputting lightning current waveform parameters and lightning channel wave impedance parameters corresponding to the UHV line into the simulation model to obtain voltage distribution information and current propagation characteristic information of the UHV line under lightning strike conditions;

[0008] Determining flashover criterion information based on the discharge voltage characteristic information of the insulator string and the breakdown voltage characteristic information of the tower head air gap of the ultra-high voltage line;

[0009] An assessment result of the lightning protection level of the ultra-high voltage line is determined based on the voltage distribution information, the current propagation characteristic information and the flashover criterion information.

[0010] In one embodiment, constructing a simulation model based on the line structure information and electrical parameters of the UHV line and the tower structure information of the transmission tower of the UHV line includes:

[0011] Determining geometrical structural dimension parameters of each component of the transmission tower according to the tower structure information of the transmission tower, and generating three-dimensional coordinate information of the transmission tower;

[0012] Determining the wave impedance parameters of each component of the transmission tower according to the geometric structure size parameters and the three-dimensional coordinate information; the wave impedance parameters of each component of the transmission tower include characteristic impedance information and propagation velocity information;

[0013] The simulation model is constructed based on the line structure information and electrical parameters of the ultra-high voltage line and the wave impedance parameters of each component of the transmission tower.

[0014] In one embodiment, constructing the simulation model based on the line structure information and electrical parameters of the UHV line and the wave impedance parameters of each component of the transmission tower includes:

[0015] Constructing an initial model based on the line structure information of the UHV line; the initial model represents the structure and layout of the UHV line;

[0016] Determining electrical characteristic information of each node in the initial model according to electrical parameters of the UHV line; the nodes in the initial model represent components of the UHV line;

[0017] Determining the wave impedance parameters of each node in the initial model according to the positional relationship between each component of the UHV line and each component of the transmission tower;

[0018] According to the actual operating conditions of the UHV line and the wave impedance parameters of each node in the initial model, the electrical characteristic information of each node in the initial model is adjusted to obtain the simulation model.

[0019] In one embodiment, inputting the lightning current waveform parameters and lightning channel wave impedance parameters corresponding to the UHV line into the simulation model to obtain voltage distribution information and current propagation characteristic information of the UHV line under lightning strike conditions includes:

[0020] Determining voltage information of each component of the UHV line according to the lightning current waveform parameters and the lightning channel wave impedance parameters through the simulation model, and determining the voltage distribution information according to the voltage information;

[0021] The simulation model determines the current waveform information and electrical characteristic parameters of each component of the ultra-high voltage line based on the lightning current waveform parameters and the voltage information, and determines the current propagation characteristic information based on the current waveform information and the electrical characteristic parameters.

[0022] In one embodiment, determining the lightning protection level assessment result of the UHV line according to the voltage distribution information, the current propagation characteristic information, and the flashover criterion information includes:

[0023] determining a safety margin coefficient of a node corresponding to each component of the UHV line according to a difference between the voltage distribution information and the flashover criterion information;

[0024] When the safety margin coefficient is less than a preset threshold, the node corresponding to the safety margin coefficient is regarded as a potential flashover risk point;

[0025] Determining a flashover risk function value of each component of the UHV line based on the current propagation characteristic information and the safety margin coefficient of each potential flashover risk point, and determining flashover probability information of each component of the UHV line based on the number of potential flashover risk points and the flashover risk function value;

[0026] The flashover probability information is weighted and summed according to the weights of the components of the ultra-high voltage line to obtain a lightning resistance level assessment result of the ultra-high voltage line.

[0027] In one embodiment, determining the flashover criterion information based on the insulator string discharge voltage characteristic information and the tower head air gap breakdown voltage characteristic information of the UHV line includes:

[0028] determining critical flashover voltage information of the insulator string of the UHV line according to the discharge voltage characteristic information of the insulator string;

[0029] Determining the breakdown voltage information of the tower head air gap according to the breakdown voltage characteristic information of the tower head air gap;

[0030] The flashover criterion information is determined from the critical flashover voltage information and the breakdown voltage information according to a magnitude relationship between the critical flashover voltage information and the breakdown voltage information.

[0031] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a lightning protection level assessment device for a UHV line based on a tower head gap structure, comprising:

[0032] A construction module is configured to construct a simulation model based on line structure information and electrical parameters of the UHV line and tower structure information of the transmission tower of the UHV line; the simulation model represents the electrical characteristics of the transmission system under lightning strike conditions; the transmission system includes the UHV line and the transmission tower;

[0033] an analysis module, configured to input the lightning current waveform parameters and lightning channel wave impedance parameters corresponding to the UHV line into the simulation model to obtain voltage distribution information and current propagation characteristic information of the UHV line under lightning strike conditions;

[0034] A determination module, configured to determine flashover criterion information based on the discharge voltage characteristic information of the insulator string and the breakdown voltage characteristic information of the tower head air gap of the UHV line;

[0035] An evaluation module is used to determine an evaluation result of the lightning protection level of the ultra-high voltage line based on the voltage distribution information, the current propagation characteristic information and the flashover criterion information.

[0036] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the above method are implemented.

[0037] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which implements the steps of the above method when executed by a processor.

[0038] In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which implements the steps of the above method when executed by a processor.

[0039] The above-mentioned method, device, computer equipment, computer-readable storage medium and computer program product for evaluating the lightning resistance level of ultra-high voltage lines based on the tower head gap structure construct a simulation model based on the line structure information and electrical parameters of the ultra-high voltage line and the tower structure information of the transmission tower of the ultra-high voltage line; the simulation model characterizes the electrical characteristics of the transmission system under lightning strike conditions; the transmission system includes ultra-high voltage lines and transmission towers, so as to construct a simulation model for simulating the electrical characteristics of the transmission system composed of ultra-high voltage lines and transmission towers under lightning strike conditions in combination with the line structure and electrical parameters of the ultra-high voltage lines and the tower structure of the transmission towers, so as to subsequently use the simulation model to accurately analyze the voltage distribution and current propagation characteristics of the ultra-high voltage lines under lightning strike conditions; the lightning current waveform parameters and lightning channel wave impedance parameters corresponding to the ultra-high voltage line are input into the simulation model to obtain the voltage distribution information and current propagation characteristic information of the ultra-high voltage line under lightning strike conditions, so as to use the simulation model to accurately analyze the voltage distribution and current propagation characteristic information of the ultra-high voltage line under lightning strike conditions. The voltage distribution and current propagation characteristics of the ultra-high voltage line under lightning strike conditions are determined, thereby improving the accuracy of the voltage distribution and current propagation characteristics of the ultra-high voltage line under lightning strike conditions; according to the discharge voltage characteristic information of the insulator string and the breakdown voltage characteristic information of the tower head air gap of the ultra-high voltage line, the flashover criterion information is determined, thereby comprehensively combining the discharge voltage characteristics of the insulator string and the breakdown voltage characteristics of the tower head air gap of the ultra-high voltage line to determine an accurate flashover criterion; according to the voltage distribution information, the current propagation characteristic information and the flashover criterion information, the lightning resistance level assessment result of the ultra-high voltage line is determined, thereby combining the voltage distribution and current propagation characteristics of the ultra-high voltage line under lightning strike conditions, using the flashover criterion to accurately analyze the lightning resistance level of the ultra-high voltage line, and obtaining an accurate lightning resistance level assessment result, which can comprehensively consider the impact of the breakdown characteristics of the tower head air gap, the complexity of the tower structure and the dynamic characteristics of the lightning current propagation on the lightning resistance level assessment, accurately analyze the lightning resistance level of the ultra-high voltage line, thereby improving the accuracy of the lightning resistance level assessment result of the ultra-high voltage line. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application or related technical descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 This is an application environment diagram of a method for evaluating the lightning protection level of an ultra-high voltage line based on a tower head gap structure in one embodiment;

[0042] Figure 2 1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the lightning protection level of an ultra-high voltage line based on a tower head gap structure in one embodiment;

[0043] Figure 3 1 is a schematic diagram of a process for evaluating the lightning protection level of an ultra-high voltage line based on a tower head gap structure in one embodiment;

[0044] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a UHV line lightning protection level assessment system based on a tower head gap structure in one embodiment;

[0045] Figure 5 1 is a structural block diagram of a device for evaluating the lightning protection level of a UHV transmission line based on a tower head gap structure in one embodiment;

[0046] Figure 6 The figure is a diagram of the internal structure of a computer device in one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clear, the following further describes this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0048] The method for evaluating the lightning resistance level of a UHV line based on a tower head gap structure provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to Figure 1In the application environment shown. Among them, the terminal 102 communicates with the server 104 through the network. The data storage system can store data that the server 104 needs to process. The data storage system can be integrated on the server 104, or placed on the cloud or other network servers. The terminal 102 constructs a simulation model based on the line structure information and electrical parameters of the ultra-high voltage line, as well as the tower structure information of the transmission tower of the ultra-high voltage line; the simulation model characterizes the electrical characteristics of the transmission system under lightning conditions; the transmission system includes ultra-high voltage lines and transmission towers; the terminal 102 inputs the lightning current waveform parameters and lightning channel wave impedance parameters corresponding to the ultra-high voltage line into the simulation model to obtain the voltage distribution information and current propagation characteristic information of the ultra-high voltage line under lightning conditions; the terminal 102 determines the flashover criterion information based on the discharge voltage characteristic information of the insulator string and the breakdown voltage characteristic information of the tower head air gap of the ultra-high voltage line; the terminal 102 determines the lightning withstand level assessment result of the ultra-high voltage line based on the voltage distribution information, current propagation characteristic information and flashover criterion information. Terminal 102 may include, but is not limited to, various personal computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets, IoT devices, and portable wearable devices. IoT devices may include smart car-mounted devices, projection devices, and the like. Portable wearable devices may include smart watches, smart bracelets, head-mounted devices, and the like. Head-mounted devices may include virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, smart glasses, and the like. Server 104 may be an independent physical server, a server cluster or distributed system consisting of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server providing cloud computing services.

[0049] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, a method for evaluating the lightning resistance level of a UHV line based on a tower head gap structure is provided. The method is described by taking the application of the method to a terminal as an example, and includes the following steps S202 to S208.

[0050] Step S202: construct a simulation model based on the line structure information and electrical parameters of the UHV line and the tower structure information of the UHV line transmission tower; the simulation model represents the electrical characteristics of the transmission system under lightning strike conditions; the transmission system includes the UHV line and the transmission tower.

[0051] Among them, ultra-high voltage lines can refer to transmission lines used to transmit power resources of a specific voltage level.

[0052] The line structure information may refer to information representing structures such as conductors, lightning conductors, insulators, poles, towers, and hardware in the transmission line.

[0053] The electrical parameters may refer to information characterizing parameters such as resistance, inductance, capacitance, conductance, wave impedance, and propagation constant of a transmission line.

[0054] Among them, transmission towers can refer to structures used to support and fix transmission lines.

[0055] The tower structure information may refer to information representing the structure of the transmission tower, such as the tower head, tower body, cross arm, and grounding device.

[0056] The simulation model may refer to a model used to characterize the electrical characteristics of a power transmission system including ultra-high voltage lines and transmission towers under lightning strike conditions.

[0057] As an example, in order to analyze the lightning resistance level of the UHV line, the terminal can first obtain the lightning current waveform parameters and lightning channel wave impedance parameters corresponding to the UHV line, as well as the tower structure information of the transmission tower of the UHV line. Then, the terminal can analyze the electrical characteristics of the transmission system including the UHV line and the transmission tower under lightning conditions based on the line structure information and electrical parameters of the UHV line, as well as the tower structure information of the transmission tower of the UHV line, and construct a simulation model for characterizing the electrical characteristics of the transmission system under lightning conditions, so as to further analyze the lightning resistance level of the line in combination with the simulation model.

[0058] In step S204, the lightning current waveform parameters and lightning channel wave impedance parameters corresponding to the UHV line are input into the simulation model to obtain voltage distribution information and current propagation characteristic information of the UHV line under lightning strike conditions.

[0059] The lightning current waveform parameters may refer to information used to characterize parameters such as peak current and wavefront time of the lightning current.

[0060] The lightning channel wave impedance parameter may refer to information characterizing the degree of obstruction of the lightning channel to current propagation. In practical applications, the lightning channel wave impedance parameter may be used as a wave impedance.

[0061] The voltage distribution information may refer to information representing the voltage of each component of the ultra-high voltage line under a lightning strike condition.

[0062] The current propagation characteristic information may refer to information characterizing the current in each component of the ultra-high voltage line under a lightning strike condition. In practical applications, the current propagation characteristics may include current traveling waves, etc.

[0063] As an example, after constructing the simulation model, the terminal can determine the lightning current waveform parameters and lightning channel wave impedance parameters corresponding to the UHV line based on the lightning impulse characteristics of the UHV line. The terminal can then input the lightning current waveform parameters and lightning channel wave impedance parameters corresponding to the UHV line into the simulation model. The simulation model can simulate the voltage and current corresponding to each component of the UHV line under lightning strike conditions based on the lightning current waveform parameters and lightning channel wave impedance parameters corresponding to the UHV line, thereby determining the voltage distribution information and current propagation characteristic information of the UHV line under lightning strike conditions.

[0064] Step S206: determining flashover criterion information based on the discharge voltage characteristic information of the insulator string and the breakdown voltage characteristic information of the tower head air gap of the UHV line.

[0065] The insulator string discharge voltage characteristic information may refer to information about a maximum voltage that the insulator string can withstand when no electrical breakdown or flashover occurs in the insulator string under specific conditions.

[0066] The tower head air gap breakdown voltage characteristic information may refer to information indicating the maximum voltage at which the air gap between the top of the power line tower and the ground or other conductors can maintain insulation without electrical breakdown when subjected to voltage.

[0067] The flashover criterion information may refer to information used to determine whether electrical flashover will occur in an insulator or an air gap. In practical applications, the flashover criterion information may include voltage.

[0068] As an example, in order to simultaneously consider the impact of the discharge characteristics of the insulator string and the breakdown characteristics of the tower head air gap on the lightning resistance level of the line, the terminal can first obtain the discharge voltage characteristic information of the insulator string and the breakdown voltage characteristic information of the tower head air gap of the ultra-high voltage line. Then, the terminal can determine the flashover criterion information from the discharge voltage characteristic information of the insulator string and the breakdown voltage characteristic information of the tower head air gap based on the size relationship between the discharge voltage characteristic information of the insulator string and the breakdown voltage characteristic information of the tower head air gap of the ultra-high voltage line.

[0069] Step S208: Determine the lightning protection level assessment result of the UHV line based on the voltage distribution information, the current propagation characteristic information, and the flashover criterion information.

[0070] Among them, the lightning resistance level assessment result may refer to information that characterizes whether the transmission line can withstand lightning strikes and / or whether the transmission line will suffer flashover or other forms of electrical damage under lightning strike conditions. In practical applications, the lightning resistance level assessment result may include the probability of whether the transmission line will suffer flashover or other forms of electrical damage under lightning strike conditions.

[0071] As an example, the terminal can analyze whether flashover occurs in each component of the UHV line based on voltage distribution information and flashover criterion information. Then, the terminal can combine whether flashover occurs in each component of the UHV line and the current propagation characteristics information to analyze the probability of flashover or other forms of electrical damage to the transmission line under lightning conditions, thereby determining the lightning resistance level assessment result of the UHV line.

[0072] In the above-mentioned method for evaluating the lightning resistance level of ultra-high voltage lines based on the tower head gap structure, a simulation model is constructed according to the line structure information and electrical parameters of the ultra-high voltage line and the tower structure information of the transmission tower of the ultra-high voltage line; the simulation model characterizes the electrical characteristics of the transmission system under lightning strike conditions; the transmission system includes ultra-high voltage lines and transmission towers, so that the line structure and electrical parameters of the ultra-high voltage lines and the tower structure of the transmission towers are combined to construct a simulation model for simulating the electrical characteristics of the transmission system composed of ultra-high voltage lines and transmission towers under lightning strike conditions, so that the simulation model can be used to accurately analyze the voltage distribution and current propagation characteristics of the ultra-high voltage lines under lightning strike conditions in the future; the lightning current waveform parameters and lightning channel wave impedance parameters corresponding to the ultra-high voltage lines are input into the simulation model to obtain the voltage distribution information and current propagation characteristic information of the ultra-high voltage lines under lightning strike conditions, so as to accurately analyze the voltage distribution and current propagation characteristic information of the ultra-high voltage lines under lightning strike conditions by using the simulation model. Current propagation characteristics, improve the accuracy of voltage distribution and current propagation characteristics of UHV lines under lightning strike conditions; determine flashover criterion information based on the discharge voltage characteristic information of the insulator string and the breakdown voltage characteristic information of the tower head air gap of the UHV line, so as to determine accurate flashover criterion by combining the discharge voltage characteristics of the insulator string and the breakdown voltage characteristics of the tower head air gap of the UHV line; determine the lightning resistance level assessment result of the UHV line based on the voltage distribution information, current propagation characteristic information and flashover criterion information, so as to combine the voltage distribution and current propagation characteristics of the UHV line under lightning strike conditions, use the flashover criterion to accurately analyze the lightning resistance level of the UHV line, and obtain accurate lightning resistance level assessment results, which can comprehensively consider the impact of the breakdown characteristics of the tower head air gap, the complexity of the tower structure and the dynamic characteristics of lightning current propagation on the lightning resistance level assessment, accurately analyze the lightning resistance level of the UHV line, and thus improve the accuracy of the lightning resistance level assessment results of the UHV line.

[0073] In an exemplary embodiment, a simulation model is constructed based on the line structure information and electrical parameters of the UHV line and the tower structure information of the transmission tower of the UHV line, including: determining the geometric structure size parameters of each component of the transmission tower based on the tower structure information of the transmission tower, and generating three-dimensional coordinate information of the transmission tower; determining the wave impedance parameters of each component of the transmission tower based on the geometric structure size parameters and the three-dimensional coordinate information; the wave impedance parameters of each component of the transmission tower include characteristic impedance information and propagation velocity information; and constructing the simulation model based on the line structure information and electrical parameters of the UHV line and the wave impedance parameters of each component of the transmission tower.

[0074] The components of the transmission tower may include the tower head, tower body, cross arm, grounding device, etc. The geometric structure size parameter may refer to information characterizing the size of the components of the transmission tower.

[0075] The three-dimensional coordinate information may refer to information representing the coordinates of components of the transmission tower in a preset coordinate system.

[0076] The wave impedance parameters of each component of the transmission tower may refer to information characterizing the degree of obstruction of each component of the transmission tower to current propagation. In practical applications, the wave impedance parameters of each component of the transmission tower may include characteristic impedance and propagation velocity.

[0077] As an example, a terminal can analyze the geometric dimensions of each component of a transmission tower based on the tower's structural information to obtain geometric dimension parameters for each component. The terminal can then determine the locations of each component of the transmission tower in a preset coordinate system based on the geometric dimension parameters. The terminal can also determine the three-dimensional coordinate information of the transmission tower in the preset coordinate system based on the coordinates of the locations of each component of the transmission tower and the geometric dimension parameters. The terminal can then calculate wave impedance parameters such as characteristic impedance information and propagation velocity information for each component of the transmission tower based on the geometric dimension parameters and three-dimensional coordinate information, combined with a preset tower wave impedance calculation expression. The terminal can then analyze the electrical characteristics of the UHV line and transmission tower under lightning strike conditions based on the UHV line's structural information and electrical parameters, as well as the wave impedance parameters of each component of the transmission tower, and construct a simulation model.

[0078] In this embodiment, the geometric structure size parameters of each component of the transmission tower are determined based on the tower structure information of the transmission tower, and the three-dimensional coordinate information of the transmission tower is generated; the wave impedance parameters of each component of the transmission tower are determined based on the geometric structure size parameters and the three-dimensional coordinate information; the wave impedance parameters of each component of the transmission tower include characteristic impedance information and propagation velocity information; and a simulation model is constructed based on the line structure information and electrical parameters of the UHV line and the wave impedance parameters of each component of the transmission tower. This can accurately analyze the electrical characteristics of the UHV line and the transmission tower under lightning strike conditions in combination with the complex structure of the tower, thereby obtaining an accurate simulation model and avoiding the reduction in simulation model accuracy caused by equating the tower to a single wave impedance model. This allows the simulation model to be used to accurately analyze the lightning withstand capability of the UHV line in subsequent analysis, thereby improving the accuracy of the lightning withstand capability assessment results of the UHV line.

[0079] In some embodiments, a simulation model is constructed based on the line structure information and electrical parameters of the UHV line and the wave impedance parameters of each component of the transmission tower, including: constructing an initial model based on the line structure information of the UHV line; determining the electrical characteristic information of each node in the initial model based on the electrical parameters of the UHV line; the nodes in the initial model represent the components of the UHV line; determining the wave impedance parameters of each node in the initial model based on the positional relationship between the components of the UHV line and the components of the transmission tower; and adjusting the electrical characteristic information of each node in the initial model based on the actual operating conditions of the UHV line and the wave impedance parameters of each node in the initial model to obtain a simulation model.

[0080] The initial model may refer to information characterizing the structure and layout of the UHV line.

[0081] The nodes in the initial model may represent components of the UHV line. The electrical characteristic information of each node in the initial model may refer to information representing electrical parameters of each component of the UHV line. The wave impedance parameters of each node in the initial model may refer to information representing the wave impedance of each component of the UHV line.

[0082] The actual operating conditions may refer to information on environmental parameters (such as meteorological conditions, power load, geographical environment, etc.) that characterize the actual working environment of the UHV line.

[0083] As an example, the terminal can analyze the structure and layout of the UHV line based on the line structure information of the UHV line and build an initial model based on the structure and layout of the UHV line. The terminal can then determine the electrical characteristic information of the nodes corresponding to each component of the UHV line in the initial model based on the electrical parameters of the UHV line. In practical applications, the electrical characteristic information of the node may include node impedance. The calculation expression for determining the node impedance of each node in the initial model can be expressed as:

[0084] .

[0085] in, It can refer to the node impedance, It can refer to the preset node reference resistance, It can refer to the preset node reference reactance, It can refer to the distance from a node to a preset reference node (such as Euclidean distance), It can refer to the preset geometric dimension experience adjustment coefficient, It can refer to the preset distance experience adjustment coefficient, Can refer to an imaginary unit.

[0086] The terminal can then analyze the UHV line component with the smallest spatial distance (e.g., Euclidean distance) to the components of the transmission tower based on the positional relationship between the components of the UHV line and the components of the transmission tower, and determine the wave impedance parameters of each node in the initial model in combination with the wave impedance parameters of each component of the transmission tower. Since the lightning resistance level of the line is also affected by the operating conditions, the terminal can adjust the electrical characteristic information of each node in the initial model based on the actual operating conditions of the UHV line and the wave impedance parameters of each node in the initial model to obtain a simulation model. In practical applications, the electrical characteristic information of the node may include the node impedance, and the calculation expression for adjusting the node impedance of each node in the initial model can be expressed as:

[0087] ,

[0088] .

[0089] in, It can refer to the adjusted node impedance (such as the node impedance correction value), It can refer to the modulus of the node impedance, It can refer to the target impedance value determined based on the wave impedance parameters of each component of the transmission tower and the actual working conditions. In actual applications, the target impedance value can be calculated using a preset calculation expression combined with the wave impedance parameters of each component of the transmission tower and the actual working conditions. It can refer to a preset adjustment factor, It can refer to the wave impedance parameters of the main material of the tower. It can refer to the wave impedance parameters of the tower's inclined material. It can refer to the wave impedance parameters of the tower cross arm, It can refer to the equivalent length or weight factor of the main material of the tower, which is used to reflect the relative influence of the main material of the tower in the overall tower structure. It can refer to the equivalent length or weight factor of the tower diagonal material, which is used to reflect the relative influence of the tower diagonal material in the overall tower structure. It can refer to the equivalent length or weight factor of the tower cross arm, which is used to reflect the relative influence of the tower cross arm in the overall tower structure. It can refer to the key parameters under the current actual working conditions (such as rated load, environmental correction factor, etc.), It can refer to key parameters under standard operating conditions (such as rated load, environmental correction factor, etc.).

[0090] In this embodiment, an initial model is constructed based on the line structure information of the UHV line; the electrical characteristic information of each node in the initial model is determined based on the electrical parameters of the UHV line; the nodes in the initial model represent the components of the UHV line; the wave impedance parameters of each node in the initial model are determined based on the positional relationship between the components of the UHV line and the components of the transmission tower; the wave impedance parameters of each node in the initial model are adjusted based on the actual operating conditions of the UHV line to obtain a simulation model, which can accurately analyze and adjust the electrical characteristics of the UHV line and the transmission tower under lightning strike conditions in combination with the wave impedance of different tower structures and the actual operating conditions, thereby obtaining an accurate simulation model, so that the lightning withstand level of the UHV line can be accurately analyzed in combination with the simulation model, thereby improving the accuracy of the lightning withstand level assessment results of the UHV line.

[0091] In some embodiments, the lightning current waveform parameters and lightning channel wave impedance parameters corresponding to the UHV line are input into a simulation model to obtain voltage distribution information and current propagation characteristic information of the UHV line under lightning strike conditions, including: determining the voltage information of each component of the UHV line based on the lightning current waveform parameters and lightning channel wave impedance parameters through the simulation model, and determining the voltage distribution information based on the voltage information; determining the current waveform information and electrical characteristic parameters of each component of the UHV line based on the lightning current waveform parameters and voltage information through the simulation model, and determining the current propagation characteristic information based on the current waveform information and electrical characteristic parameters.

[0092] As an example, the terminal inputs lightning current waveform parameters and lightning channel wave impedance parameters into a simulation model. The simulation model then uses the lightning current waveform parameters (such as waveform type, wave crest and wave tail time, lightning current amplitude, etc.) and lightning channel wave impedance parameters to calculate the voltage of each component of the UHV line, obtaining voltage information for each component of the UHV line. The terminal can then use this voltage information to determine the voltage distribution information of the UHV line under lightning strike conditions. The terminal can also use the simulation model to calculate the electrical characteristic parameters of each component of the UHV line, as well as current waveform information such as current amplitude, based on the lightning current waveform parameters and voltage information (or voltage distribution information). The terminal can then use this current waveform information and electrical characteristic parameters to determine the current propagation characteristics of the UHV line under lightning strike conditions.

[0093] In this embodiment, the simulation model is used to determine the voltage information of each component of the UHV line based on the lightning current waveform parameters and the lightning channel wave impedance parameters, and the voltage distribution information is determined based on the voltage information; the simulation model is used to determine the current waveform information and electrical characteristic parameters of each component of the UHV line based on the lightning current waveform parameters and the voltage information, and the current propagation characteristic information is determined based on the current waveform information and the electrical characteristic parameters. The simulation model can be used in combination with the lightning current waveform parameters and the lightning channel wave impedance parameters to accurately analyze the voltage, current and electrical characteristics of each component of the UHV line, thereby improving the accuracy of the voltage distribution information and current propagation characteristic information of the UHV line under lightning strike conditions, so that the voltage distribution information and current propagation characteristic information of the UHV line under lightning strike conditions can be combined to subsequently evaluate the lightning resistance level of the line, thereby improving the accuracy of the lightning resistance level evaluation results of the UHV line.

[0094] In some embodiments, a lightning resistance level assessment result of an ultra-high voltage line is determined based on voltage distribution information, current propagation characteristic information, and flashover criterion information, including: determining the safety margin coefficient of the nodes corresponding to each component of the ultra-high voltage line based on the difference between the voltage distribution information and the flashover criterion information; when the safety margin coefficient is less than a preset threshold, the node corresponding to the safety margin coefficient is used as a potential flashover risk point; determining the flashover risk function value of each component of the ultra-high voltage line based on the current propagation characteristic information and the safety margin coefficient of each potential flashover risk point, and determining the flashover probability information of each component of the ultra-high voltage line based on the number of potential flashover risk points and the flashover risk function value; performing weighted summation on the flashover probability information according to the weight of each component of the ultra-high voltage line to obtain the lightning resistance level assessment result of the ultra-high voltage line.

[0095] The safety margin coefficient may refer to information representing the safety and reliability of each node in the simulation model. In practical applications, the safety margin coefficient may represent whether there is a risk of flashover at the node in the simulation model.

[0096] The flashover risk function value may refer to information calculated based on a preset flashover risk function using currents and safety margin factors corresponding to each node in the simulation model.

[0097] The flashover probability information may refer to information representing the probability of flashover occurring at each node in the simulation model.

[0098] As an example, the terminal can calculate the safety margin coefficient of the nodes corresponding to each component of the UHV line based on the difference between the voltage distribution information and the flashover criterion information. For example, the calculation expression of the safety margin coefficient can be expressed as:

[0099] .

[0100] in, Can refer to nodes The safety margin factor, Can refer to nodes Corresponding flashover criterion information, Can refer to nodes The corresponding voltage, node The corresponding voltage can be determined from the voltage distribution information, It can refer to a preset adaptive smoothing coefficient.

[0101] When the safety margin coefficient is less than the preset threshold, the terminal can regard the node corresponding to the safety margin coefficient as a potential flashover risk point. In order to determine the lightning resistance level assessment result, the terminal can first determine the flashover risk function value of each component of the UHV line based on the current propagation characteristic information and the safety margin coefficient of each potential flashover risk point, and determine the flashover probability information of each component of the UHV line based on the number of potential flashover risk points and the flashover risk function value. For example, the calculation expression of the flashover probability information can be expressed as:

[0102] ,

[0103] .

[0104] in, It can refer to the flashover probability information of UHV lines under lightning conditions. It can refer to the number of potential flashover risk points, Can refer to nodes The flashover risk function value is calculated based on the current parameters and safety margin coefficient. Can refer to nodes The current parameters, It can refer to the preset environmental randomness coupling weighting factor, It can refer to the preset reference lightning current amplitude, It can refer to the preset risk sensitivity adjustment factor, It can refer to a preset safety margin weight factor.

[0105] Then, the terminal can perform weighted summation on the flashover probability information corresponding to each component of the UHV line according to the weight of each component of the UHV line to obtain the lightning resistance level assessment result of the UHV line.

[0106] In this embodiment, the safety margin coefficient of the nodes corresponding to each component of the ultra-high voltage line is determined according to the difference between the voltage distribution information and the flashover criterion information; when the safety margin coefficient is less than a preset threshold, the node corresponding to the safety margin coefficient is used as a potential flashover risk point; the flashover risk function value of each component of the ultra-high voltage line is determined according to the current propagation characteristic information and the safety margin coefficient of each potential flashover risk point, and the flashover probability information of each component of the ultra-high voltage line is determined according to the number of potential flashover risk points and the flashover risk function value; the flashover probability information is weightedly summed according to the weight of each component of the ultra-high voltage line to obtain the lightning resistance level assessment result of the ultra-high voltage line, and the flashover probability information of each component of the ultra-high voltage line can be accurately calculated in combination with the difference between the voltage distribution information and the flashover criterion information, so as to obtain an accurate lightning resistance level assessment result using the flashover probability information, thereby improving the accuracy of the lightning resistance level assessment result.

[0107] In some embodiments, flashover criterion information is determined based on the discharge voltage characteristic information of the insulator string of the ultra-high voltage line and the breakdown voltage characteristic information of the tower head air gap, including: determining the critical flashover voltage information of the insulator string of the ultra-high voltage line based on the discharge voltage characteristic information of the insulator string; determining the breakdown voltage information of the tower head air gap based on the breakdown voltage characteristic information of the tower head air gap; and determining the flashover criterion information from the critical flashover voltage information and the breakdown voltage information based on the size relationship between the critical flashover voltage information and the breakdown voltage information.

[0108] The critical flashover voltage information may refer to the voltage (such as a critical value) applied to both ends of the insulator string when electrical breakdown (i.e., flashover) occurs on the insulator surface or in the air gap around it under specific conditions.

[0109] The breakdown voltage information may refer to the voltage (such as a critical value) applied to the air gap between the top of the transmission line tower and the ground or other conductors when the air in the air gap loses its insulating properties and electrical breakdown occurs.

[0110] As an example, the terminal can determine the critical flashover voltage information of the insulator string of the UHV line based on the discharge voltage characteristic information of the insulator string, and determine the breakdown voltage information of the tower head air gap based on the breakdown voltage characteristic information of the tower head air gap. The terminal can then filter out the smaller value from the critical flashover voltage information and the breakdown voltage information based on the magnitude relationship between the critical flashover voltage information and the breakdown voltage information, and use the smaller value as the flashover criterion information. For example: when the critical flashover voltage information is less than the breakdown voltage information, the critical flashover voltage information is used as the flashover criterion information; when the critical flashover voltage information is greater than the breakdown voltage information, the breakdown voltage information is used as the flashover criterion information.

[0111] In this embodiment, the critical flashover voltage information of the insulator string of the ultra-high voltage line is determined according to the discharge voltage characteristic information of the insulator string; the breakdown voltage information of the tower head air gap is determined according to the breakdown voltage characteristic information of the tower head air gap; and the flashover criterion information is determined from the critical flashover voltage information and the breakdown voltage information according to the size relationship between the critical flashover voltage information and the breakdown voltage information. Based on the discharge voltage characteristic information of the insulator string and the breakdown voltage characteristic information of the tower head air gap, the flashover criterion can be accurately analyzed to obtain accurate flashover criterion information, so as to subsequently evaluate the lightning resistance level of the line in combination with the flashover criterion information.

[0112] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 As shown in FIG, a flow chart of a UHV line lightning protection level assessment based on a tower head gap structure is provided. The UHV line lightning protection level assessment system based on a tower head gap structure can realize the UHV line lightning protection level assessment based on a tower head gap structure, such as Figure 4The figure shows a schematic diagram of a UHV line lightning withstand level assessment system based on a tower head gap structure. The terminal uses the structural decomposition and wave impedance setting module to decompose the tower into main members, diagonal members, and crossarms based on the transmission line tower's structural information, and sets the wave impedance parameters for these main members, diagonal members, and crossarms. The simulation model establishment module uses the actual structure and electrical parameters of the transmission line, combined with the wave impedance parameters of each tower segment, to establish a simulation model of the UHV line. The simulation model primarily characterizes the electrical characteristics of the UHV line under lightning strike conditions, including voltage distribution, current propagation characteristics, and the line's dynamic response. The simulation model not only reflects the distribution of the electromagnetic field but also reflects the voltage distribution and current propagation characteristics. The lightning current waveform and channel wave impedance calculation module sets the lightning current waveform and lightning current waveform parameters according to the lightning impulse characteristics of the UHV line, and determines the lightning channel wave impedance value in combination with the lightning current amplitude. The lightning characteristics calculation module calculates the voltage distribution diagram and current propagation characteristics of the UHV line under lightning strike conditions based on the simulation model and in combination with the lightning channel wave impedance value and the lightning current waveform. The flashover criterion determination module compares the discharge voltage characteristics of the insulator string and the breakdown voltage characteristics of the tower head air gap of the UHV line, and selects the smaller value of the two as the final flashover criterion. The lightning withstand level assessment module assesses the lightning withstand level of the UHV line based on the final flashover criterion, voltage distribution diagram and current propagation characteristics.

[0113] In practical applications, based on the structural information of the transmission line tower, the tower is decomposed into main materials, diagonals, and crossarms, and the wave impedance parameters of the main materials, diagonals, and crossarms are set respectively. Specifically, the geometric structural dimension parameters of the main materials, diagonals, and crossarms of the tower are extracted based on the CAD structural drawing of the UHV transmission line tower, and a three-dimensional coordinate system of the tower structure is established. The extracted geometric structural dimension parameters include the cross-sectional area and perimeter of the main materials, the inclination angle and length of the diagonals, and the cantilever length and installation height of the crossarms. The three-dimensional coordinate system establishes an XYZ rectangular coordinate system with the center of the tower base as the origin, in which the Z axis is along the vertical direction of the tower, the X axis is along the direction of the transmission line, and the Y axis is perpendicular to the XZ plane. The wave impedance parameters of the main materials, diagonals, and crossarms are calculated based on the geometric structural dimension parameters and the three-dimensional coordinate system. The wave impedance parameters include characteristic impedance and propagation velocity. Based on the CAD structural diagram of a UHV transmission line tower, the geometric structural parameters of the tower's main members, diagonal members, and crossarms (such as the cross-sectional area and circumference of the main members, the tilt angle and length of the diagonal members, and the cantilever length and installation height of the crossarms) are accurately extracted. A three-dimensional coordinate system with the center of the tower foundation as the origin is then established, enabling precise modeling of the tower structure. This standardized three-dimensional coordinate system and detailed geometric parameter extraction method provide a reliable data foundation for the precise calculation of wave impedance parameters, effectively improving the accuracy of tower structural decomposition and wave impedance setting.

[0114] In practical applications, a simulation model of a UHV line is established based on the actual structure and electrical parameters of the transmission line, combined with the wave impedance parameters of each tower segment. Specifically, the initial model of the UHV line is constructed by extracting key geometric parameters and spatial layout information from the actual transmission line structure. These key geometric parameters include the cross-sectional area, length, installation angle, and relative position of each tower component. Based on these key geometric parameters and spatial layout information, a fusion assignment algorithm is used to assign preliminary electrical characteristics to each node in the initial model based on the transmission line electrical parameters, including line reactance, capacitance, and basic impedance information. This results in an initial simulation model. During the construction of the initial model, the key geometric parameters and corresponding spatial positions of each tower component (main members, diagonals, and crossarms) in the transmission line are extracted. In the initial model, the spatial position of each node (determined by its Euclidean distance D) is closely related to the position of the corresponding component in the actual structure. Therefore, the corresponding wave impedance parameters (for example, the impedance of the main members, diagonals, and crossarms calculated from the CAD structure drawing) can be assigned to the node that matches its position using the node's coordinate information. When a node falls within or is adjacent to a tower component (such as a main material), the target wave impedance parameter corresponding to the node can be calculated using the wave impedance value calculated for that component. If the node is at the junction of different components, the impedance parameters of the corresponding components can be combined to determine the node's target wave impedance using a weighted or interpolated method. The wave impedance parameters of each tower segment are matched with the corresponding nodes in the initial simulation model, and the preliminary electrical parameters are corrected based on the actual distribution of the nodes in the transmission line. For example, the actual impedance of each node is first calculated (preliminary assignment), and then the target impedance is determined (based on the wave impedance parameters of each segment and the correction of the on-site operating conditions). Finally, the impedance correction value is calculated based on the difference between the two using a parameter optimization algorithm. The parameter optimization algorithm is used to feedback and adjust the impedance and local load of each node in the initial simulation model to obtain a simulation model.

[0115] In practical applications, the lightning current waveform and lightning current waveform parameters are set according to the lightning impulse characteristics of the UHV line, and the lightning channel wave impedance value is determined in combination with the lightning current amplitude. Specifically, the standard parameters of the lightning current waveform, including the waveform type, wave crest time, and wave tail time, are determined according to the lightning impulse characteristics of the UHV line. The waveform types include double exponential waveform, Heidler waveform, or modified Heidler waveform. The wave crest time and wave tail time of the lightning current waveform are determined according to the geographical location of the line and the intensity of lightning activity. The wave crest time ranges from 1μs to 10μs, and the wave tail time ranges from 20μs to 200μs. The lightning channel wave impedance value is calculated in combination with the lightning current amplitude and used as the input parameter of the simulation model. In specific implementation, the calculation expression of the lightning channel wave impedance value can be expressed as:

[0116] .

[0117] in, It can refer to the lightning channel impedance value, It can refer to the lightning current amplitude, It can refer to the peak voltage of the lightning channel, This can refer to a preset correction factor for the geometric characteristics of the lightning channel. By dynamically selecting the appropriate lightning current waveform type and accurately calculating the lightning channel wave impedance value, the simulation model can truly reflect the electrical characteristics under lightning impulses, improving the accuracy of the calculation of voltage distribution and current propagation characteristics under lightning conditions and providing more reliable input parameters.

[0118] In practical applications, the voltage distribution and current propagation characteristics of UHV lines under lightning strike conditions are calculated based on simulation models, combined with lightning channel wave impedance values ​​and lightning current waveforms. Specifically, the voltage distribution of UHV lines under lightning strike conditions is numerically calculated based on the simulation model, lightning channel wave impedance values, and lightning current waveforms to obtain the voltage values ​​at each node of the transmission line. The current propagation characteristics of UHV lines under lightning strike conditions are calculated based on the lightning current waveform and the dynamic response of the simulation model to obtain the current waveform information and corresponding electrical characteristic parameters at each node. For example, a comprehensive attenuation and coupling algorithm is applied to calculate the voltage value at each node, in which an optimized calculation method based on distance attenuation and dynamic coupling effects is used to determine the node voltage. The current propagation characteristics of UHV lines under lightning strike conditions are calculated based on the lightning current waveform and the dynamic response of the simulation model to obtain the current waveform information and corresponding electrical characteristic parameters at each node. Based on lightning current waveform parameters and simulation models, the transmission delay, amplitude attenuation, and waveform distortion between nodes are modeled. Using a time-domain transmission model and a feedback adjustment algorithm, the current amplitude and waveform characteristics of each node are calculated to ensure that the calculated current propagation characteristics can truly reflect the dynamic response under lightning strike conditions. Based on the simulation model, lightning channel wave impedance values, and lightning current waveforms, the voltage distribution and current propagation characteristics of the UHV line under lightning strike conditions are numerically calculated. The voltage value, current waveform information, and electrical characteristic parameters of each node are extracted, and the node voltage calculation is optimized by combining distance attenuation with a dynamic coupling algorithm. At the same time, the current propagation characteristics are modeled and corrected using a time-domain transmission model and a feedback adjustment algorithm. By comprehensively considering the distance attenuation between nodes, the dynamic coupling effect, and the time-domain characteristics of lightning current propagation, the dynamic response characteristics of the line under lightning strike conditions can be truly reflected, improving the accuracy of the voltage distribution and current propagation characteristic calculations.

[0119] In practical applications, the discharge voltage characteristics of the insulator string and the breakdown voltage characteristics of the tower head air gap of the UHV line are compared, and the smaller value of the two is selected as the final flashover criterion. Specifically, based on the structural parameters and operating conditions of the UHV line, combined with the key parameters of the insulator string, including string length, number of sheds, creepage distance, and pollution level, the geometric size effect of the insulator string, the polarity influence of the lightning shock wave, the correction of the relative humidity and temperature of the air, and the influence of the pollution level on the insulation strength are considered. The discharge voltage characteristics of the insulator string and the corresponding voltage-time curve are calculated to obtain the critical flashover voltage value of the insulator string; based on the structural dimensions of the tower head air gap and atmospheric environmental conditions, such as the gap distance, electrode shape coefficient, spatial electric field distribution characteristics, and considering information such as atmospheric pressure, air density, relative humidity and temperature correction coefficient, the breakdown voltage characteristics of the tower head air gap are calculated, and the final flashover criterion is determined by comparing the sizes. By calculating the discharge voltage characteristics of the insulator string of the UHV line and the breakdown voltage characteristics of the tower head air gap, and comprehensively considering the geometric dimensions of the insulator string, the number of sheds, the creepage distance, the pollution level, the structural parameters of the air gap and the atmospheric environmental conditions, the voltage-time characteristic curve of the insulator string and the breakdown characteristic model of the air gap were established. The final flashover criterion was determined by comparing the two. The key parameters and environmental correction factors of the insulator string and the tower head air gap were comprehensively analyzed to accurately determine the critical flashover voltage of the line under lightning strike conditions, thereby improving the applicability of the flashover criterion and enhancing the adaptability of the evaluation results to actual operating conditions.

[0120] In practical applications, the lightning resistance level of the UHV line is evaluated based on the final flashover criterion, voltage distribution diagram and current propagation characteristics, specifically including: based on the final flashover criterion and the voltage distribution diagram of each node, the voltage value of each node is compared with the final flashover criterion to determine the difference between the voltage of each node and the critical discharge voltage of the insulator string or the breakdown voltage of the tower head space gap; the safety margin coefficient of the node is calculated based on the size of the difference, and when the safety margin coefficient is lower than the preset threshold, the current node is marked as a potential flashover risk point; the current waveform characteristic parameters of each node are extracted, and combined with the node flashover risk, a flashover probability model of the UHV line is established, and a comprehensive quantitative analysis of the flashover probability and lightning resistance level of the UHV line is carried out. The results output by the flashover probability model are normalized and weighted, the lightning resistance level of the entire UHV line is quantitatively evaluated, and the corresponding lightning resistance grade determination basis is given.

[0121] In this embodiment, by decomposing the tower structure into main materials, diagonal materials and crossarms and setting corresponding wave impedance parameters, a simulation model is established in combination with the actual structure, the lightning current waveform is set and the lightning channel wave impedance value is determined, the voltage distribution and current propagation characteristics of the line under lightning strike conditions are calculated, and the final flashover criterion is determined by comparing the discharge voltage characteristics of the insulator string and the breakdown voltage characteristics of the tower head air gap. Considering the influence of the tower head gap structure, an accurate tower segmented wave impedance model is established, and the characteristics of the insulator string and the tower head air gap are comprehensively analyzed, thereby improving the accuracy of the lightning resistance level assessment of the ultra-high voltage line and realizing a comprehensive assessment of the lightning resistance level of the ultra-high voltage line; by extracting key geometric parameters from the actual structure of the transmission line The initial model of the UHV line is constructed by combining the wave impedance parameters of each section of the tower with the information of the spatial layout. The electrical characteristics of the initial model are corrected and feedback adjusted through the parameter optimization algorithm, and the geometric parameters are accurately extracted and the electrical characteristics of the nodes are optimized. The simulation model's ability to reflect the actual operating status of the UHV line is improved, ensuring a high degree of consistency between the simulation model and the actual working conditions. By establishing a safety margin coefficient and a flashover probability model, the node voltage value is compared and analyzed with the final flashover criterion. In combination with the current waveform characteristic parameters and the environmental randomness coupling effect, an adaptive smoothing coefficient and an environmental randomness coupling weighting factor are introduced. The flashover probability of multiple key nodes is comprehensively considered, thereby improving the accuracy of the flashover risk assessment.

[0122] It should be understood that, although the various steps in the flowcharts involved in the various embodiments described above are displayed in sequence according to the instructions of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the flowcharts involved in the various embodiments described above can include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed and completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of steps or stages in other steps.

[0123] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present application further provide a tower head gap structure-based UHV line lightning protection level assessment device for implementing the aforementioned tower head gap structure-based UHV line lightning protection level assessment method. The implementation solution provided by this device is similar to the implementation solution described in the aforementioned method. Therefore, the specific limitations of one or more embodiments of the tower head gap structure-based UHV line lightning protection level assessment device provided below can be found in the above-mentioned limitations of the tower head gap structure-based UHV line lightning protection level assessment method, and will not be repeated here.

[0124] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, a device for evaluating the lightning resistance level of a UHV transmission line based on a tower head gap structure is provided, comprising: a construction module 502, an analysis module 504, a determination module 506, and an evaluation module 508, wherein:

[0125] Construction module 502 is used to construct a simulation model based on the line structure information and electrical parameters of the ultra-high voltage line and the tower structure information of the transmission tower of the ultra-high voltage line; the simulation model represents the electrical characteristics of the transmission system under lightning strike conditions; the transmission system includes the ultra-high voltage line and the transmission tower.

[0126] The analysis module 504 is used to input the lightning current waveform parameters and lightning channel wave impedance parameters corresponding to the UHV line into the simulation model to obtain the voltage distribution information and current propagation characteristic information of the UHV line under lightning strike conditions.

[0127] The determination module 506 is configured to determine flashover criterion information based on the discharge voltage characteristic information of the insulator string and the breakdown voltage characteristic information of the tower head air gap of the UHV line.

[0128] The evaluation module 508 is configured to determine an evaluation result of the lightning protection level of the UHV line according to the voltage distribution information, the current propagation characteristic information and the flashover criterion information.

[0129] In one exemplary embodiment, the construction module 502 is further configured to determine, based on the tower structure information of the transmission tower, geometric structural dimension parameters of each component of the transmission tower, and generate three-dimensional coordinate information of the transmission tower; determine, based on the geometric structural dimension parameters and the three-dimensional coordinate information, wave impedance parameters of each component of the transmission tower; the wave impedance parameters of each component of the transmission tower include characteristic impedance information and propagation velocity information; and construct the simulation model based on the line structure information and electrical parameters of the UHV line, and the wave impedance parameters of each component of the transmission tower.

[0130] In one of the exemplary embodiments, the construction module 502 is further specifically used to construct an initial model based on the line structure information of the UHV line; the initial model represents the structure and layout of the UHV line; the electrical characteristic information of each node in the initial model is determined based on the electrical parameters of the UHV line; the nodes in the initial model represent the components of the UHV line; the wave impedance parameters of each node in the initial model are determined based on the positional relationship between the components of the UHV line and the components of the transmission tower; the electrical characteristic information of each node in the initial model is adjusted based on the actual operating conditions of the UHV line and the wave impedance parameters of each node in the initial model to obtain the simulation model.

[0131] In one of the exemplary embodiments, the analysis module 504 is further specifically used to determine, through the simulation model, the voltage information of each component of the UHV line according to the lightning current waveform parameters and the lightning channel wave impedance parameters, and determine the voltage distribution information based on the voltage information; determine, through the simulation model, the current waveform information and electrical characteristic parameters of each component of the UHV line according to the lightning current waveform parameters and the voltage information, and determine the current propagation characteristic information based on the current waveform information and the electrical characteristic parameters.

[0132] In one of the exemplary embodiments, the evaluation module 508 is further specifically used to determine the safety margin coefficient of the nodes corresponding to each component of the UHV line based on the difference between the voltage distribution information and the flashover criterion information; when the safety margin coefficient is less than a preset threshold, the node corresponding to the safety margin coefficient is used as a potential flashover risk point; based on the current propagation characteristic information and the safety margin coefficient of each potential flashover risk point, the flashover risk function value of each component of the UHV line is determined, and based on the number of potential flashover risk points and the flashover risk function value, the flashover probability information of each component of the UHV line is determined; the flashover probability information is weightedly summed according to the weight of each component of the UHV line to obtain the lightning resistance level evaluation result of the UHV line.

[0133] In one of the exemplary embodiments, the determination module 506 is further specifically used to determine the critical flashover voltage information of the insulator string of the ultra-high voltage line according to the discharge voltage characteristic information of the insulator string; determine the breakdown voltage information of the tower head air gap according to the breakdown voltage characteristic information of the tower head air gap; and determine the flashover criterion information from the critical flashover voltage information and the breakdown voltage information according to the size relationship between the critical flashover voltage information and the breakdown voltage information.

[0134] Each module in the tower head clearance structure-based UHV transmission lightning withstand level assessment device can be implemented in whole or in part through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. Each module can be embedded in or independent of a processor in a computer device in hardware form, or stored in a computer device memory in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0135] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown. The computer device includes a processor, memory, an input / output interface, a communication interface, a display unit, and an input device. The processor, memory, and input / output interface are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface, display unit, and input device are connected to the system bus via the input / output interface. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with external terminals via wired or wireless communication, and the wireless communication can be achieved via Wi-Fi, mobile cellular networks, near-field communication (NFC), or other technologies. When executed by the processor, the computer program implements a method for assessing the lightning withstand level of ultra-high voltage transmission lines based on a tower head gap structure. The display unit of the computer device is used to produce a visual image and can be a display screen, a projection device, or a virtual reality imaging device. The display screen can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer device can be a touch layer covering the display screen, or a button, trackball or touchpad set on the computer device casing, or an external keyboard, touchpad or mouse.

[0136] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 6 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different component arrangement.

[0137] In one embodiment, a computer device is further provided, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps in the above method embodiments when executing the computer program.

[0138] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments are implemented.

[0139] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, which implements the steps in the above method embodiments when executed by a processor.

[0140] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0141] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. In particular, any reference to memory, database, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the various embodiments provided herein may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the various embodiments provided herein may be, but are not limited to, general-purpose processors, central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), digital signal processors (DSPs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, artificial intelligence (AI) processors, and the like.

[0142] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0143] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the lightning resistance level of an ultra-high voltage line based on a tower head gap structure, characterized in that: The method comprises: Constructing a simulation model based on line structure information and electrical parameters of an ultra-high voltage line and tower structure information of a transmission tower of the ultra-high voltage line; the simulation model characterizes the electrical characteristics of a power transmission system under lightning strike conditions; the power transmission system includes the ultra-high voltage line and the transmission tower; Inputting lightning current waveform parameters and lightning channel wave impedance parameters corresponding to the UHV line into the simulation model to obtain voltage distribution information and current propagation characteristic information of the UHV line under lightning strike conditions; Determining flashover criterion information based on the discharge voltage characteristic information of the insulator string and the breakdown voltage characteristic information of the tower head air gap of the ultra-high voltage line; Determining a lightning protection level assessment result of the UHV line according to the voltage distribution information, the current propagation characteristic information, and the flashover criterion information; The construction of the simulation model includes: extracting the geometric structural dimension parameters of the main material, diagonal material, and crossarm of the tower based on the CAD structural diagram of the UHV transmission line tower, and establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system for the tower structure; calculating the wave impedance parameters of the main material, diagonal material, and crossarm based on the geometric structural dimension parameters and the three-dimensional coordinate system; extracting key geometric parameters and spatial layout information from the actual structure of the transmission line to construct an initial model of the UHV line; Preliminary electrical characteristics are assigned to each node of the initial model. The spatial position of each node is closely related to the position of the corresponding component in the actual structure. When a node falls in or is adjacent to a tower component, the target wave impedance parameter corresponding to the node is the wave impedance value calculated for the component. If the node is at the junction of different components, a weighted or interpolated method is used to comprehensively determine the wave impedance value of the node based on the impedance parameters of the corresponding components. Based on the preliminary assignment of the node and the target impedance value obtained based on the wave impedance parameters of each segment and the correction of the on-site working conditions, the wave impedance parameters of each node in the initial simulation model are adjusted to obtain a simulation model.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Inputting the lightning current waveform parameters and lightning channel wave impedance parameters corresponding to the UHV line into the simulation model to obtain voltage distribution information and current propagation characteristic information of the UHV line under lightning strike conditions includes: Determining voltage information of each component of the UHV line according to the lightning current waveform parameters and the lightning channel wave impedance parameters through the simulation model, and determining the voltage distribution information according to the voltage information; The simulation model determines the current waveform information and electrical characteristic parameters of each component of the ultra-high voltage line based on the lightning current waveform parameters and the voltage information, and determines the current propagation characteristic information based on the current waveform information and the electrical characteristic parameters.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The determining, based on the voltage distribution information, the current propagation characteristic information, and the flashover criterion information, of a lightning protection level assessment result of the UHV line includes: determining a safety margin coefficient of a node corresponding to each component of the UHV line according to a difference between the voltage distribution information and the flashover criterion information; When the safety margin coefficient is less than a preset threshold, the node corresponding to the safety margin coefficient is regarded as a potential flashover risk point; Determining a flashover risk function value of each component of the UHV line based on the current propagation characteristic information and the safety margin coefficient of each potential flashover risk point, and determining flashover probability information of each component of the UHV line based on the number of potential flashover risk points and the flashover risk function value; The flashover probability information is weighted and summed according to the weights of the components of the ultra-high voltage line to obtain a lightning resistance level assessment result of the ultra-high voltage line.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The determining of flashover criterion information based on the discharge voltage characteristic information of the insulator string and the breakdown voltage characteristic information of the tower head air gap of the UHV line includes: determining critical flashover voltage information of the insulator string of the UHV line according to the discharge voltage characteristic information of the insulator string; Determining the breakdown voltage information of the tower head air gap according to the breakdown voltage characteristic information of the tower head air gap; The flashover criterion information is determined from the critical flashover voltage information and the breakdown voltage information according to a magnitude relationship between the critical flashover voltage information and the breakdown voltage information.

5. A lightning protection level assessment device for ultra-high voltage lines based on a tower head gap structure, characterized in that: The device comprises: A construction module is configured to construct a simulation model based on line structure information and electrical parameters of the UHV line and tower structure information of the transmission tower of the UHV line; the simulation model represents the electrical characteristics of the transmission system under lightning strike conditions; the transmission system includes the UHV line and the transmission tower; an analysis module, configured to input the lightning current waveform parameters and lightning channel wave impedance parameters corresponding to the UHV line into the simulation model to obtain voltage distribution information and current propagation characteristic information of the UHV line under lightning strike conditions; A determination module, configured to determine flashover criterion information based on the discharge voltage characteristic information of the insulator string and the breakdown voltage characteristic information of the tower head air gap of the UHV line; An evaluation module, configured to determine an evaluation result of the lightning protection level of the UHV line based on the voltage distribution information, the current propagation characteristic information, and the flashover criterion information; The construction module is specifically used to extract the geometric structural dimension parameters of the main material, diagonal material and cross arm of the tower based on the CAD structural drawing of the ultra-high voltage transmission line tower, and establish a three-dimensional coordinate system of the tower structure; calculate the wave impedance parameters of the main material, diagonal material and cross arm according to the geometric structural dimension parameters and the three-dimensional coordinate system; extract key geometric parameters and spatial layout information from the actual structure of the transmission line to construct an initial model of the ultra-high voltage line; assign preliminary electrical characteristics to each node of the initial model, and the spatial position of each node is closely related to the position of the corresponding component in the actual structure. When a node falls on or is adjacent to the area of ​​a tower component, the target wave impedance parameter corresponding to the node is the wave impedance value calculated for the component; if the node is at the junction of different components, the wave impedance value of the node is comprehensively determined according to the impedance parameters of the corresponding components by weighting or interpolation; according to the preliminary assignment of the node and the target impedance value obtained based on the wave impedance parameters of each segment and the correction of the on-site working conditions, the wave impedance parameters of each node in the initial simulation model are adjusted to obtain a simulation model.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that an analysis module, further configured to determine voltage information of each component of the UHV line according to the lightning current waveform parameters and the lightning channel wave impedance parameters through the simulation model, and determine the voltage distribution information according to the voltage information; The simulation model determines the current waveform information and electrical characteristic parameters of each component of the ultra-high voltage line based on the lightning current waveform parameters and the voltage information, and determines the current propagation characteristic information based on the current waveform information and the electrical characteristic parameters.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that An evaluation module is further configured to determine a safety margin coefficient of a node corresponding to each component of the UHV line according to a difference between the voltage distribution information and the flashover criterion information; When the safety margin coefficient is less than a preset threshold, the node corresponding to the safety margin coefficient is regarded as a potential flashover risk point; Determining a flashover risk function value of each component of the UHV line based on the current propagation characteristic information and the safety margin coefficient of each potential flashover risk point, and determining flashover probability information of each component of the UHV line based on the number of potential flashover risk points and the flashover risk function value; The flashover probability information is weighted and summed according to the weights of the components of the ultra-high voltage line to obtain a lightning resistance level assessment result of the ultra-high voltage line.

8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are implemented.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are implemented.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are implemented.

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