Novel isolation reversing switch

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel isolation change-over switch which is suitable for special environments such as underground coal mines. The switch is made of resin materials, a conductive shaft penetrates through a shell, and one end of the conductive shaft is connected with an operating handle to drive a contact to act. The internal circuit comprises a static contact assembly, a moving contact, an arc extinguishing device, an isolation structure and a steering control structure. According to the static contact assembly, three symmetrical copper alloy static contacts correspond to a three-phase circuit, a wire inlet end is arranged to be connected with an external three-phase power supply, and moving contacts are installed on a conductive shaft, correspond to the static contacts one by one and are connected through conductive connecting rods. The arc extinguishing device is provided with arc extinguishing grid sheets. L-shaped supporting plates are arranged on the two sides of the shell, a cross-shaped reversing positioning piece is further arranged on one side of the shell and matched with a reversing fixed rod on the supporting plates, and the positioning and reversing functions are achieved through a tension spring. The isolation change-over switch has the advantages of large capacity, small size, light weight, convenience in operation and the like, and provides powerful guarantee for safe operation of underground coal mine electrical equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrical switches, specifically a new type of isolating commutation switch, which is especially suitable for special environments such as underground coal mines and is used as a device for isolating the main circuit of a mine explosion-proof electromagnetic starter and changing the power supply phase sequence under no-load conditions. Background Art

[0002] In harsh working environments such as underground coal mines, the safe and stable operation of electrical equipment is of crucial importance. The isolating commutation switch, as a key component of a mine explosion-proof electromagnetic starter, undertakes the important tasks of isolating the main circuit and changing the power supply phase sequence under no-load conditions.

[0003] Currently, there are some deficiencies in the existing isolating commutation switches on the market. Firstly, in terms of structural design, the shell strength and insulation performance of some switches need to be improved. The underground coal mine environment is complex, and there may be various collisions, squeezes, etc. When some existing switch shells are subjected to a certain external force impact, they are prone to cracking and damage, which will further affect the normal operation of the internal circuit of the switch and even cause safety accidents. At the same time, for the underground environment with extremely high insulation requirements, the insulation performance of some traditional switches cannot meet the increasingly strict safety standards.

[0004] Secondly, there are also problems in the material selection and design of the contacts and conductive components. For traditional isolating commutation switches, the materials used for the static contacts and moving contacts have limited conductivity. When passing a large current, it is easy to generate a large resistance loss, resulting in serious heating of the contacts. This not only affects the service life of the switch but also may cause safety hazards such as fires due to overheating. Moreover, the connection method of the contacts is not firm enough, and it is easy to loosen in the long-term vibrating underground environment, further affecting the conductivity.

[0005] Furthermore, the performance of the arc extinguishing device is not ideal enough. When the switch breaks the circuit, an arc will be generated. If the arc cannot be extinguished in time and effectively, the arc will cause serious ablation to the contacts and surrounding components, reducing the breaking capacity and reliability of the switch. Some existing arc extinguishing devices have poor arc extinguishing effects and cannot meet the usage requirements under complex underground working conditions.

[0006] In addition, the existing isolating commutation switches also have deficiencies in terms of operation convenience and stability. The connection between the operating handle and the internal conductive shaft is not tight and flexible enough, resulting in a poor feel during operation and even possible situations where the operation is not in place. At the same time, in terms of commutation positioning, the positioning structure of some switches is not accurate enough, and it is easy to have problems such as inaccurate commutation or insecure positioning, affecting the normal operation of the equipment.

[0007] In summary, there are many defects in the existing isolating commutation switches in terms of structure, materials, performance, etc., and they cannot well meet the requirements of high safety, high reliability, and high stability of electrical equipment in special environments such as underground coal mines. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a new type of isolating commutation switch to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention aims to solve the above technical problems and provides a new type of isolating commutation switch.

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: a new type of isolating commutation switch, comprising:

[0010] A housing, made of resin material, and the thickness of the housing is between 5 - 10 mm. Specifically, it includes a base and an upper cover. The base is a cavity structure with an open upper end, and the upper cover is a "Ji" - shaped structure;

[0011] A conductive shaft, passing through the housing, and one end is connected to an operating handle to drive the contact to act;

[0012] An internal circuit, specifically including a static contact assembly, a moving contact, an arc extinguishing device, an isolation structure, and a steering control structure;

[0013] The static contact assembly includes three symmetrically arranged static contacts, corresponding to three - phase circuits respectively, made of a metal material with good electrical conductivity, and arranged on an insulating bracket inside the housing. The static contacts are provided with incoming - line ends for connecting to an external circuit to introduce three - phase power supply;

[0014] The moving contacts are installed on the conductive shaft and correspond to the static contacts one by one, and the moving contacts are connected to each other through conductive connecting rods;

[0015] In addition, a new type of isolating commutation switch according to the present invention as described above may also have the following additional technical features:

[0016] A set of terminal blocks electrically connected to the static contacts are provided at both corresponding ends of the base, and the static contacts are made of copper alloy.

[0017] Furthermore, the insulating sleeve is made of resin material, and the thickness of the housing is between 5 - 10 mm.

[0018] Furthermore, support plates are provided on both sides of the mounting seat, and the support plates are in an L - shaped structure for fixedly connecting the base.

[0019] Furthermore, corresponding arc - extinguishing grating plates are provided above the static contact assembly.

[0020] Further, a commutation positioning piece is provided on one side of the outer shell, the conductive shaft penetrates through the commutation positioning piece, the commutation positioning piece is in a cross-shaped structure, forming a plurality of positioning grooves, and commutation positioning rods which are in positioning cooperation with both sides of the corresponding commutation positioning piece are provided on the support plate. The lower end of the commutation positioning rod is rotatably connected to the bracket, a tension spring is connected between the upper ends, and a positioning shaft which is matched with the positioning groove is provided on the commutation positioning rod.

[0021] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0022] 1. High safety: The outer shell is made of flame-retardant resin material with an appropriate thickness, has good high-voltage resistance performance, can effectively prevent safety accidents caused by the rupture of the outer shell, and at the same time improves the insulation performance, ensuring safety when used in special environments such as underground coal mines.

[0023] 2. Good electrical conductivity: The static contact is made of copper alloy material with good electrical conductivity and an increased thickness, reducing the resistance, reducing heat generation, improving the current-carrying capacity of the switch, extending the service life of the contact, and reducing the risk of safety hazards such as fires caused by heat generation.

[0024] 3. Good arc extinguishing effect: The arc extinguishing device uses arc extinguishing grid pieces arranged above the static contact assembly, which can effectively divide and extinguish the arc, protect the contact and other components, improve the breaking capacity and reliability of the switch, and ensure normal operation under complex working conditions.

[0025] 4. Good operation stability: The unique commutation positioning structure realizes accurate commutation positioning through the cooperation of the commutation positioning piece, the commutation positioning rod, the tension spring and the positioning shaft. The operating handle is tightly connected to the conductive shaft, and the operating feel is good, ensuring the stability and reliability of the commutation operation and reducing the possibility of operation errors.

[0026] 5. Firm structure: The L-shaped support plate increases the overall strength of the outer shell, enabling the switch to maintain a stable structure in the long-term vibrating underground environment and not easily having problems such as component loosening, ensuring the normal operation of the equipment.

[0027] 6. Superior comprehensive performance: The whole novel isolating commutation switch has advantages such as large capacity, small volume, light weight, and convenient operation, and can better meet the high requirements of special environments such as underground coal mines for electrical equipment. Compared with the traditional isolating commutation switch, it has significant technical advantages and market competitiveness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a novel isolating commutation switch of the present invention Figure 1 。

[0029] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a novel isolating commutation switch of the present inventionFigure 2 。

[0030] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a new type of isolating commutation switch of the present invention Figure 3 。

[0031] As shown in the figure: 1. Outer shell; 101. Base; 102. Upper cover; 2. Conductive shaft; 3. Static contact assembly; 4. Moving contact; 5. Arc extinguishing device; 6. Support plate; 7. Commutation positioning piece; 8. Commutation fixed rod; 9. Tension spring; 10. Positioning shaft. Specific embodiments

[0032] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; for those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0034] I. Working principle of the present invention:

[0035] Overall structure: This new type of isolating commutation switch mainly consists of an outer shell 1, a conductive shaft 2 and an internal circuit.

[0036] Outer shell 1: It is made of flame-retardant resin material and has good high-voltage resistance. The thickness of the outer shell is designed to be between 5 - 10 mm. This thickness setting not only ensures that the outer shell has sufficient strength to withstand certain external force impacts, but also takes into account the material cost and overall weight. The outer shell specifically includes a base 101 and an upper cover 102. The base 101 is a cavity structure with an open upper end, which is convenient for the installation and layout of internal circuit components; the upper cover 102 is a "ji"-shaped structure, which can cooperate well with the base to form a closed space to protect the internal circuit from the external environment.

[0037] Conductive shaft 2: It penetrates through the outer shell 1, and one end of it is connected to the operating handle. The operator drives the conductive shaft to rotate through the operating handle, and then drives the contacts to act, realizing functions such as circuit connection, disconnection and commutation.

[0038] Internal circuit: It includes a static contact assembly 3, a moving contact 4, an arc extinguishing device 5, an isolation structure and a steering control structure.

[0039] Stationary contact assembly 3: It is composed of three symmetrically arranged stationary contacts, corresponding to the three-phase circuit respectively. The stationary contacts are made of copper alloy with good electrical conductivity. Compared with traditional materials, while ensuring good electrical conductivity, the copper alloy increases the thickness, further reduces the resistance, and reduces heat generation. These stationary contacts are arranged on the insulating bracket inside the housing 1, and the insulating bracket plays a dual role of support and insulation, ensuring electrical isolation between the stationary contacts and the housing as well as other components. The stationary contacts are provided with inlet terminals for connecting to the external circuit and introducing three-phase power supply.

[0040] Moving contact 4: It is installed on the conductive shaft and corresponds to the stationary contact assembly 3 one by one. The moving contacts 4 are connected to each other through conductive connecting rods. In this way, when the conductive shaft rotates, it can drive the moving contacts to move synchronously, realizing reliable contact and separation with the stationary contacts.

[0041] Terminal 1011: A set of terminals 1011 electrically connected to the stationary contact assembly 3 are provided at both corresponding ends of the base 101, facilitating the connection between the external circuit and the stationary contact assembly and realizing the conduction of the circuit.

[0042] Insulating sleeve: The insulating sleeve is also made of flame-retardant resin material, and its thickness is between 5 - 10 mm, matching the housing material and thickness, further enhancing the overall insulation performance.

[0043] Support plate 6: Support plates 6 are provided on both sides of the housing 1, and the support plates 6 are in an L-shaped structure. This shaped support plate can, on the one hand, increase the overall strength of the housing, and on the other hand, be used to fixedly connect the base 101, making the entire switch structure more stable.

[0044] Arc extinguishing device 5: The arc extinguishing device 5 includes arc extinguishing grid plates arranged above the stationary contact assembly 3. When the switch breaks the circuit and generates an arc, the arc extinguishing grid plates can divide the arc into multiple short arcs, and utilize the characteristic that the alternating current passes through zero to accelerate the extinction of the arc, effectively protecting the contacts and other components from arc erosion.

[0045] Reversing and positioning structure: A reversing positioning piece 7 is provided on one side of the housing 1, and the conductive shaft 2 passes through the reversing positioning piece 7. The reversing positioning piece 7 is in a cross-shaped structure, forming multiple positioning grooves 701. Reversing positioning rods 8 that are positioned and matched with both sides of the corresponding reversing positioning piece 7 are provided on the support plate 6. The lower ends of the reversing positioning rods 8 are rotatably connected to the support plate 6, and a tension spring 9 is connected between the upper ends. A positioning shaft 10 that is matched with the positioning groove 701 is provided on the reversing positioning rod 8. When the operating handle drives the conductive shaft to rotate for reversing, the positioning shaft on the reversing positioning rod is accurately matched with the positioning groove on the reversing positioning piece under the action of the tension spring, realizing accurate reversing positioning and ensuring the stability and reliability of the switch reversing operation.

[0046] Principle of circuit connection and disconnection: When the operator operates the handle to drive the conductive shaft to rotate, the moving contact connected to the conductive shaft rotates accordingly. When the moving contact rotates to the position where it contacts the static contact, the circuit is connected, and the three-phase power supply forms a path through conductive components such as the static contact, moving contact, and conductive connecting rod to supply power to subsequent equipment. When it is necessary to disconnect the circuit, the handle is operated in the reverse direction, the moving contact separates from the static contact, and the circuit is disconnected.

[0047] Commutation principle: When it is necessary to change the phase sequence of the power supply, the operator operates the handle to drive the conductive shaft to rotate. The conductive shaft passes through the commutation positioning piece. As the conductive shaft rotates, the positioning shaft on the commutation fixed rod moves in the positioning groove of the commutation positioning piece under the pulling force of the tension spring. When it rotates to the appropriate position, the positioning shaft falls into the corresponding positioning groove to achieve commutation positioning. At this time, the connection relationship between the moving contact and the static contact changes, thus realizing the change of the power supply phase sequence.

[0048] Arc extinguishing principle: At the moment when the switch disconnects the circuit, an arc will be generated between the contacts. Since the arc extinguishing grid pieces of the arc extinguishing device are arranged above the static contact assembly, the arc will move upward into the arc extinguishing grid pieces under the action of its own electrodynamic force and magnetic force. The arc extinguishing grid pieces divide the arc into multiple short arcs. When the alternating current passes through zero, these short arcs are difficult to maintain combustion, thus accelerating the extinction of the arc and achieving the purpose of arc extinguishing.

[0049] II. Implementation mode:

[0050] Manufacture of the housing: Select a flame-retardant resin material that meets the use standards in coal mines, and manufacture the housing through molding processes such as injection molding. First, manufacture the base 101. Inject the resin material into the cavity structure mold with an open upper end, control the temperature and pressure of the mold to ensure that the thickness of the formed base is between 5 - 10 mm and the dimensional accuracy meets the design requirements. Similarly, use a "C"-shaped mold to manufacture the upper cover 102, ensuring that the thickness of the upper cover is also between 5 - 10 mm. After manufacturing, conduct an appearance inspection on the base and the upper cover to ensure that there are no defects such as bubbles and cracks.

[0051] Manufacture and installation of the static contact assembly: Select a suitable copper alloy material and manufacture three symmetric static contacts through machining processes to ensure the dimensional accuracy and surface flatness of the static contacts. Process appropriate connection holes at the incoming line end of the static contacts for connecting external circuits. Install the manufactured static contacts on the insulating bracket inside the housing 1 and fix them using bolts or other fixing methods to ensure that the static contacts are firmly connected to the insulating bracket and the insulation distance between the static contacts and the housing meets the requirements.

[0052] Moving contact manufacturing and installation: According to the design requirements, manufacture the moving contact, and connect the conductive connecting rod to the moving contact by welding or other reliable means. Install the moving contact on the conductive shaft, ensuring a tight connection between the moving contact and the conductive shaft, enabling synchronous rotation with the conductive shaft, and ensuring that the contact position and pressure between the moving contact and the static contact meet the design requirements.

[0053] Terminal installation: At the preset positions corresponding to both ends of the base 101, install the terminals 1011 electrically connected to the static contact assembly 3. The terminals and the static contacts are connected by welding or bolt connection, etc., to ensure a firm connection and good electrical conductivity.

[0054] Insulating sleeve installation: Install the manufactured flame-retardant resin insulating sleeve on the conductive shaft, ensuring that the thickness of the insulating sleeve is between 5 - 10 mm, and the fit between the insulating sleeve and the conductive shaft is tight, capable of providing good insulation and support functions.

[0055] Support plate installation: Fix the L-shaped support plate 6 on both sides of the housing 1 by bolts or welding, etc., to ensure a firm connection between the support plate and the housing, effectively increasing the overall strength of the housing.

[0056] Arc extinguishing device installation: Install the arc extinguishing grid on top of the static contact assembly 3, using a suitable fixing method, such as slot fixing or bolt fixing, etc., to ensure the accurate relative position between the arc extinguishing grid and the static contact assembly, capable of effectively performing the arc extinguishing function.

[0057] Reversing and positioning structure installation: Install the cross-shaped reversing and positioning piece 7 on one side of the housing 1, allowing the conductive shaft to pass through the reversing and positioning piece. Install the reversing fixed rod 8 at the corresponding position on the support plate 6, ensuring that the lower end of the reversing fixed rod is rotatably connected to the support plate. Connect a tension spring 9 between the upper ends of the reversing fixed rods, and install a positioning shaft 10 on the reversing fixed rod that cooperates with the positioning groove 701. After installation, manually operate the conductive shaft to check whether the action of the reversing and positioning structure is flexible and the positioning is accurate.

[0058] Overall assembly and debugging: After installing the above-mentioned various components, perform overall assembly. Assemble the upper cover 102 and the base 101, and fix them by bolts or buckles, etc., to ensure good sealing of the housing. Connect the operating handle to the conductive shaft, check whether the rotation of the operating handle is smooth, and whether the drive of the conductive shaft and the contact action is accurate. Conduct electrical performance tests on the switch, including insulation resistance test, withstand voltage test, on-off test, and reversing test, etc., to ensure that all performance indicators of the switch meet the design requirements. If any problems are found, make timely adjustments and repairs until the switch can operate normally and reliably.

[0059] Through the above specific implementation methods, a new type of isolating reversing switch that meets the usage requirements of special environments such as underground coal mines can be produced, which has advantages such as good safety, reliability, and operation convenience.

[0060] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. Such description is not restrictive. What is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Generally speaking, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by it and, without departing from the gist of the present invention, design similar structural modes and embodiments to this technical solution without creative efforts, they shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new type of isolating commutation switch, characterized in that: Comprising: A housing (1) made of a resin material, with the housing thickness between 5 - 10 mm, specifically including a base (101) and an upper cover (102). The base (101) is a cavity structure with an open upper end, and the upper cover (102) is in a "ji" - shaped structure; A conductive shaft (2) passing through the housing (1), and one end is connected to an operating handle to drive the contact to act; An internal circuit, specifically including a static contact assembly (3), a moving contact (4), an arc extinguishing device (5), an isolation structure, and a steering control structure; The static contact assembly (3) includes three symmetrically arranged static contacts corresponding to three - phase circuits respectively. They are made of a metal material with good electrical conductivity and are arranged on an insulating support inside the housing (1). The static contacts are provided with incoming - line ends for connecting to an external circuit to introduce three - phase power supply; The moving contact (4) is installed on the conductive shaft and corresponds to the static contact assembly (3) one by one. The moving contacts (4) are connected to each other through conductive connecting rods.

2. A novel isolating commutation switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: A set of terminal blocks (1011) electrically connected to the static contact assembly (3) are provided at both ends of the base (101). The static contacts are made of copper alloy.

3. A novel isolating commutation switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insulating sleeve (201) is provided on the conductive shaft (2). The insulating sleeve (201) is made of a resin material, and the housing thickness is between 5 - 10 mm.

4. A novel isolating commutation switch according to claim 1, wherein: Support plates (6) are provided on both sides of the housing (1). The support plates (6) are in an L - shaped structure for fixedly connecting the base (101).

5. A novel isolating commutation switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc extinguishing device (5) includes arc extinguishing grid plates provided above the static contact assembly (3).

6. A novel isolating commutation switch according to claim 4, characterized in that: A commutation positioning piece (7) is provided on one side of the housing (1). The conductive shaft (2) passes through the commutation positioning piece (7). The commutation positioning piece (7) is in a cross - shaped structure, forming multiple positioning grooves. Commutation positioning rods (8) for positioning cooperation are provided on both sides of the support plate (6) corresponding to the commutation positioning piece (7). The lower ends of the commutation positioning rods (8) are rotatably connected to the support plate (6), and a tension spring (9) is connected between the upper ends. A positioning shaft (10) matching the positioning grooves is provided on the commutation positioning rods (8).

7. A novel isolating commutation switch according to claim 6, characterized in that: A protection plate is provided on one side of the commutation positioning piece.

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