Power distribution network supply and demand interaction architecture and operation optimization method

Abstract

The invention relates to a power distribution network supply and demand interaction architecture and an operation optimization method, aiming at the influence of flexible load adjustment on new energy consumption and compensation on a demand side, the power utilization habit of a user side load is changed through flexible load scheduling, so that the new energy generating capacity is fully utilized, and the power utilization efficiency is improved. According to the method, the flexible load is divided into an interruptible load, a transferable load and a reducible load, modeling analysis is carried out on the three models, a mathematical formula for compensation is listed, and compensation for users participating in response is conveniently calculated; considering operation strategies under different flexible loads and multiple time scales to obtain a coordinated optimization operation model with the maximum new energy consumption amount; by adjusting the flexible load, power generation tension can be effectively relieved, the peak load of the system is reduced, and the cost is reduced. And when the user adjusts the flexible load to the distributed power supply power supply period, the distributed power supply adjustment capacity and the abandoned power quantity are minimum at the moment, and the compensation for reducing the power consumption of the user at the demand side is minimum.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of flexible load interactive operation, and in particular relates to a distribution network supply-demand interaction architecture and an operation optimization method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of informatization and the participation of various types of flexible resources in the source-load-storage interaction, more types and a wider range of distributed resources will be connected to the distribution network. To achieve flexible scheduling of various controllable devices and realize the interconnection management of monitoring various intelligent terminals, reliable communication technologies need to be improved.

[0003] Flexible load response is an important part of demand response. Compared with traditional scheduling methods, flexible load response is fast, low-carbon and environmentally friendly, and has less cost, and can better meet the requirements of source-network-load-storage interaction. Flexible loads can be divided into: shiftable loads, transferable loads, and curtailable loads. Flexible load incentive mechanisms are divided into flexible load price response and flexible load incentive response. Price response means guiding users to adjust their own energy consumption demands through price changes. The characteristic is that the adjustment amount of user loads is not controlled and can only be guided, and the adjustment range and ability are limited. Incentive response is to actively guide users to avoid peak electricity consumption periods and change their electricity consumption patterns by using time-of-use electricity prices and signing contracts, and compensating according to the reduction of user electricity loads in specific uses.

[0004] Among them, there are many types of flexible loads on the load side, and there is no accurate model for analyzing them. The optimization goal of the distribution network cannot be further optimized. In the case where the supply-demand interaction is not fully optimized, it is difficult to effectively adjust the supply-demand balance of the distribution network. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a distribution network supply-demand interaction architecture and an operation optimization method, which change the electricity consumption habits of loads on the user side through flexible load scheduling, so that the new energy power generation can be fully utilized, and the incentive compensation for users is the least.

[0006] The technical problem of the invention is solved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] The invention provides a distribution network supply-demand interaction architecture and an operation optimization method. Aiming at the influence of flexible load adjustment on new energy consumption and the compensation for the demand side, the electricity consumption habits of loads on the user side are changed through flexible load scheduling, so that the new energy power generation can be fully utilized, and the incentive compensation for users is the least. The specific steps are as follows:

[0008] Step 1: Classify and model according to different demand-side flexible load management methods, and obtain user compensation under different models:

[0009] Step 2: Based on the user compensation obtained under different models, determine the flexible load type, and perform user-side incentive compensation F for different load types, and establish a mathematical model with the minimum compensation minF;

[0010] Step 3: Construct an information interaction architecture for supply-demand interaction, and establish a coordination strategy that minimizes the curtailed power considering the coordination of various flexible loads;

[0011] Step 4: Based on the established mathematical model with the minimum compensation minF and the coordination strategy that minimizes the curtailed power, establish an optimization model with the least user compensation and the least curtailed power;

[0012] Preferably, in the said Step 1, classification and modeling according to different demand-side flexible load management methods include interruptible loads, shiftable loads, and curtailable loads.

[0013] For the interruptible load, when the user side reduces the electricity consumption of the load, the user needs to be compensated, and the compensation cost is:

[0014]

[0015] Wherein,

[0016] P IL,t represents the electricity capacity curtailed by the user in the t-th period;

[0017] λ IL is the unit compensation price for the curtailed capacity;

[0018] v t is a variable from 0 to 1, used to indicate whether the user has a load curtailment behavior in the t-th period. v t =1 represents that the load is turned off in this period, and v t =0 represents that there is no load interruption in this period;

[0019] C IL is the compensation cost obtained by the user after the electricity load response, and T is the total number of periods.

[0020] For the shiftable load, the compensation expression when the user adjusts the load is:

[0021]

[0022] Wherein,

[0023] C s is the compensation cost obtained by the user after the load transfer response,

[0024] T is the total number of periods,

[0025] λ s is the unit compensation price for the transferred load capacity,

[0026] p old,t is the initial load of the user at time t before the untransferred electrical load,

[0027] For the load that can be curtailed, the power consumption compensation for the user's reduced load is:

[0028]

[0029] Among them,

[0030] C c is the compensation cost obtained by the user after the load transfer response,

[0031] T is the total number of time periods,

[0032] λ c is the unit compensation price of the transferred load capacity,

[0033] P c is the initial load of the user at time t before the untransferred electrical load;

[0034] Preferably, in step 2, a mathematical model with the minimum user compensation is established, and the expression is as follows:

[0035]

[0036] Among them,

[0037] minF1 represents the minimum compensation for users participating in flexible load scheduling,

[0038] S(i,t) is the status of the i-th interruption contract at time t, equal to 1 indicating interruption, and equal to 0 indicating that no interruption is implemented in this time period;

[0039] C IL represents the compensation cost for the interruptible load on the user side at time t;

[0040] C S represents the compensation cost for the transferable load on the user side at time t;

[0041] C C represents the compensation cost for the load that can be curtailed on the user side at time t;

[0042] Preferably, in step 3, the construction of the supply-demand interaction information interaction architecture is divided into a perception layer, an edge computing layer, and a master station layer.

[0043] The edge computing layer uses edge computing methods for data processing and device management to ensure supply-demand balance in the case of flexible load interaction.

[0044] The established coordination strategy for minimizing curtailment considering the coordination of various flexible loads is to consider the combined operation of various flexible load resources at different time scales to obtain a collaborative optimization operation strategy with the least curtailment. The specific expression is as follows:

[0045]

[0046] Among them,

[0047] minF2 represents the optimization model for minimizing curtailment;

[0048] C w represents different types of flexible loads;

[0049] represents the curtailment at different times;

[0050] Preferably, the specific expression for establishing an optimization model with the least compensation for users and the least curtailment based on the established mathematical model minF with the least compensation and the coordination strategy for the least curtailment in step 4 is as follows:

[0051]

[0052] Among them,

[0053] minC represents the optimization model with the least compensation for users and the least curtailment;

[0054] minF1 represents the least compensation for users participating in flexible load scheduling;

[0055] minF2 represents the optimization model for minimizing curtailment;

[0056] w1 represents the weight coefficient for user compensation;

[0057] w1 represents the weight coefficient for curtailment;

[0058] Preferably, the response times constraint for interruptible load users is:

[0059]

[0060] Among them, T is the total number of time periods;

[0061] v t is a variable from 0 to 1, used to indicate whether there is a load reduction behavior of the user at time t, v t-1 is a variable from 0 to 1, used to indicate whether there is a load reduction behavior of the user at time t - 1;

[0062] N IL,max represents the maximum number of times the user participates in the response within the scheduling period;

[0063] The constraint condition for the magnitude of the interruptible load curtailment is:

[0064] 0 ≤ P IL,t ≤ P IL,max

[0065] where P IL,t represents the load curtailment at time t, and P IL,max represents the maximum load that can be curtailed;

[0066] The characteristic constraint for the time response of the interruptible load is:

[0067]

[0068] where

[0069] represents the minimum continuous response time;

[0070] represents the minimum response interval time;

[0071] represents the sum of the response times accumulated at time t - 1;

[0072] represents the unresponded time accumulated at time t - 1;

[0073] v t is a variable from 0 to 1, used to indicate whether there is a load curtailment behavior of the user in period t, and v t-1 is a variable from 0 to 1, used to indicate whether there is a load curtailment behavior of the user in period t - 1;

[0074] Preferably, the expression for the electricity consumption of the load after the transfer of the shiftable load is:

[0075] p s,t = p old,t + p in,t - p out,t

[0076] where

[0077] p s,t represents the electricity load of the user in period t after response,

[0078] p old,t is the initial load of the user in period t before the transfer of the electricity load,

[0079] p in,t is the electricity load transferred in period t,

[0080] p out,t is the electricity load transferred out in period t;

[0081] The transferable load power load transfer constraint conditions are as follows:

[0082] 0 ≤ p out,t ≤ p sft,t

[0083] 0 ≤ p in,t ≤ p in,t,max

[0084] Wherein,

[0085] p sft,t is the maximum load capacity that can be transferred at time t;

[0086] p in,t,max is the maximum load that can be transferred in;

[0087] p in,t is the electrical load transferred in at time t;

[0088] p out,t is the electrical load transferred out at time t;

[0089] The balance constraint conditions of the transferable load power load are as follows:

[0090]

[0091] Wherein,

[0092] T is the total number of time periods;

[0093] p in,t is the electrical load transferred in at time t;

[0094] p out,t is the electrical load transferred out at time t;

[0095] Preferably, the load constraint conditions of the load that can be curtailed before and after curtailment are as follows:

[0096]

[0097] Wherein,

[0098] represents the load at time t after the load that can be curtailed participates in the response;

[0099] represents the load at time t before the load that can be curtailed participates in the response;

[0100] K cut represents the load curtailment coefficient, k cut ∈(0, 1);

[0101] Y cut,tIndicates whether the load shedding participates in the response. A value of 1 indicates that the load shedding participates in the response, and a value of 0 indicates that the load shedding does not participate in the response.

[0102] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0103] The present invention proposes a distribution network supply-demand interaction architecture and operation optimization method. Compared with the prior art, aiming at the impact of flexible load adjustment on new energy consumption and the compensation for the demand side, by flexible load scheduling to change the electricity consumption habits of the load on the user side, the new energy power generation can be fully utilized, and the incentive compensation for users is minimized, and it has the following advantages:

[0104] 1. According to different flexible load regulation methods, flexible loads are divided into three categories: interruptible loads, shiftable loads, and load shedding, and three models are modeled and analyzed, and the mathematical formulas for their compensation are written to facilitate the calculation of the compensation for users participating in the response;

[0105] 2. Considering the operation strategies of different flexible loads under multiple time scales, a coordinated optimization operation model with the maximum new energy consumption is obtained;

[0106] 3. Since the supply of electric energy is a test during the peak electricity consumption period, adjusting flexible loads can effectively relieve the power generation tension, reduce the system peak load, ensure the stable operation of the system, and reduce the power generation cost and operation cost. When users adjust the flexible load to the distributed power supply period, considering the advantages of distributed power sources, a flexible load mobilization model is established, so that the regulation capacity and the abandoned power of the distributed power source are minimized at this time, and the compensation for reducing the electricity consumption of users on the demand side is the lowest. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0107] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a distribution network supply-demand interaction architecture and operation optimization method of the present invention;

[0108] Figure 2 is a flexible load diagram of the present invention;

[0109] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of constructing a supply-demand interaction information interaction architecture of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0110] The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0111] The present invention provides a distribution network supply-demand interaction architecture and operation optimization method, aiming at the impact of flexible load adjustment on new energy consumption and the compensation for the demand side,

[0112] Changing the electricity consumption habits of the user-side load through flexible load scheduling can make full use of the new energy power generation and minimize the incentive compensation for users.

[0113] Such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, it includes the following specific steps:

[0114] Step 1: Classify and model according to different demand-side flexible load management methods, and obtain user compensation under different models:

[0115] In this step, the classification and modeling according to different demand-side flexible load management methods include interruptible load, shiftable load, and curtailable load.

[0116] Step 1.1: For the interruptible load, when the user-side reduces the electricity consumption of the load, the user needs to be compensated, and the compensation cost is:

[0117]

[0118] Where

[0119] P IL,t represents the electricity consumption capacity reduced by the user in period t;

[0120] λ IL is the unit compensation price for the reduction capacity;

[0121] v t is a variable from 0 to 1, used to indicate whether there is a load reduction behavior of the user in period t. v t = 1 represents that the load is turned off in this time period, and v t = 0 represents that there is no load interruption in this time period;

[0122] C IL is the compensation cost obtained by the user after the electricity load response, and T is the total number of periods;

[0123] The response times constraint of the interruptible load users is:

[0124]

[0125] Where T is the total number of periods;

[0126] v t is a variable from 0 to 1, used to indicate whether there is a load reduction behavior of the user in period t, and v t-1 is a variable from 0 to 1, used to indicate whether there is a load reduction behavior of the user in period t - 1;

[0127] N IL,max represents the maximum number of times the user participates in the response within the scheduling period;

[0128] The constraint condition for the magnitude of the interruptible load curtailment is as follows:

[0129] 0 ≤ P IL，t ≤ P IL,max

[0130] where P IL,t represents the load curtailment at time t, and P IL,max represents the maximum load that can be curtailed;

[0131] The characteristic constraint for the time response of the interruptible load is as follows:

[0132]

[0133] where

[0134] represents the minimum continuous response time;

[0135] represents the minimum response interval time;

[0136] represents the sum of the response times accumulated at time t - 1;

[0137] represents the unresponded time accumulated at time t - 1;

[0138] v t is a variable from 0 to 1, used to indicate whether there is a load curtailment behavior of the user in period t, and v t-1 is a variable from 0 to 1, used to indicate whether there is a load curtailment behavior of the user in period t - 1;

[0139] Step 1.2: The compensation expression for the user when adjusting the load for the shiftable load:

[0140]

[0141] where

[0142] C s is the compensation cost obtained by the user after the shiftable load response,

[0143] T is the total number of periods,

[0144] λ s is the unit compensation price of the shiftable load capacity,

[0145] p old,t is the initial load of the user in period t before the shiftable load.

[0146] The expression for the electricity consumption of the load after the transfer of the transferable load is:

[0147] p s,t = p old,t + p in,t - p out,t

[0148] Wherein,

[0149] p s,t represents the electricity load of the user at time t after response;

[0150] p old,t is the initial load of the user at time t before the transfer of the electricity load;

[0151] p in,t is the electricity load transferred in at time t;

[0152] p out,t is the electricity load transferred out at time t;

[0153] The electricity load transfer constraint condition of the transferable load is:

[0154] 0 ≤ p out,t ≤ p sft,t

[0155] 0 ≤ p in,t ≤ p in,t,max

[0156] Wherein,

[0157] p sft,t is the maximum load capacity that can be transferred at time t;

[0158] p in,t,max is the maximum load that can be transferred in;

[0159] p in,t is the electricity load transferred in at time t;

[0160] p out,t is the electricity load transferred out at time t;

[0161] The balance constraint condition of the electricity load of the transferable load is:

[0162]

[0163] Wherein,

[0164] T is the total number of time periods;

[0165] p in,t is the electricity load transferred in at time t;

[0166] p out,t is the electricity load transferred out at time t;

[0167] Step 1.3: For the load that can be curtailed, the electricity compensation for the load reduced by the user is as follows:

[0168]

[0169] Among them,

[0170] C c is the compensation cost obtained by the user after the transfer load response;

[0171] T is the total number of time periods;

[0172] λ c is the unit compensation price of the transfer load capacity;

[0173] P c is the initial load of the user at time period t before the non - transferred electrical load;

[0174] The load constraint conditions of the load that can be curtailed before and after curtailment are as follows:

[0175]

[0176] Among them,

[0177] represents the load at time t after the load that can be curtailed participates in the response;

[0178] represents the load at time t before the load that can be curtailed participates in the response;

[0179] K cut represents the load curtailment coefficient, k cut ∈(0, 1);

[0180] Y cut,t represents whether the curtailed load participates in the response. The value of 1 indicates that the load that can be curtailed participates in the response, and the value of 0 indicates that the load that can be curtailed does not participate in the response;

[0181] Step 2: Based on the user compensation obtained under different models, judge the flexible load types, and conduct user - side incentive compensation F for different load types, and establish a mathematical model minF with the minimum compensation;

[0182] In this step, by guiding the electricity - using habits of users through incentive responses, and compensating for the reduced electricity consumption of users by signing contracts with time - of - use electricity prices, a mathematical model with the minimum user compensation is established, and the expression is as follows:

[0183]

[0184] Among them,

[0185] minF1 represents the minimum compensation for users participating in flexible load scheduling.

[0186] S(i, t) is the status of the i-th interruption contract in period t. Equal to 1 indicates interruption, and equal to 0 indicates no interruption in this period.

[0187] C IL represents the compensation cost for interruptible load on the user side at time t.

[0188] C S represents the compensation cost for shiftable load on the user side at time t.

[0189] C C represents the compensation cost for curtailable load on the user side at time t.

[0190] According to the signing of the contract, the power company will reach an agreement with the participating electricity users on the upper and lower limits of the load that can be called during peak electricity consumption.

[0191] P FLMin (t) ≤ P FL (t) ≤ P FLMax (t)

[0192] Among them, P FL (t) represents the load capacity participating in the response at time t; P FLMax (t) represents the maximum load capacity that can participate in the response at time t; P FLMin (t) represents the minimum load capacity that can participate in the response at time t.

[0193] For the continuous call time constraint of flexible load management, according to the characteristics of users themselves, generally speaking, if most electricity users are interrupted continuously for a long time, it may have a certain impact on their production equipment and even affect the production operation of some industries.

[0194] T iMin ≤ Δt ≤ T iMax

[0195] Among them, T iMin represents the minimum duration that can participate in the response during peak electricity consumption; T iMax represents the maximum duration that can participate in the response during peak electricity consumption.

[0196] Step 3: Construct an information interaction architecture for supply-demand interaction, and establish a coordination strategy that considers the coordination of various flexible loads to minimize the amount of curtailed electricity.

[0197] In this step, as Figure 3 shown, the construction of the information interaction architecture for supply-demand interaction is divided into a perception layer, an edge computing layer, and a master station layer.

[0198] The edge computing layer uses edge computing methods for data processing and device management, including household, building, industrial user, and electric vehicle load data; as well as photovoltaic, wind turbine, and energy storage device parameter data, ensuring supply-demand balance considering flexible load interaction.

[0199] In this step, the established coordination strategy that considers various flexible loads to obtain the minimum curtailment is to consider the combined operation of various flexible load resources at different time scales to obtain a collaborative optimization operation strategy with the minimum curtailment. The specific expression is as follows:

[0200]

[0201] Among them,

[0202] minF2 represents the optimization model with the minimum curtailment.

[0203] C w represents different types of flexible loads;

[0204] represents the curtailment at different moments;

[0205] Step 4: Based on the established mathematical model minF with the least compensation and the coordination strategy with the minimum curtailment, establish an optimization model with the least compensation for users and the minimum curtailment. The specific expression is as follows:

[0206]

[0207] Among them,

[0208] minC represents the optimization model with the least compensation for users and the minimum curtailment.

[0209] minF1 represents the minimum compensation for users participating in flexible load scheduling;

[0210] minF2 represents the optimization model with the minimum curtailment.

[0211] w1 represents the weight coefficient for user compensation;

[0212] w2 represents the weight coefficient for curtailment.

[0213] In summary, for flexible loads, according to different management methods, the flexible loads are divided into: interruptible loads, shiftable loads, and curtailable loads, and the three flexible load models are analyzed and modeled; different operating strategies will have an impact on the accommodation of new energy. The purpose of introducing distributed power sources is to improve the economy of electric energy, reduce the consumption and use of fossil fuels. Therefore, when users participate in the response, the power company also needs to give interruption compensation to users with interrupted load usage, and optimize by establishing a mathematical model with the minimum curtailment and the minimum demand-side compensation.

[0214] Power flexible load scheduling: The continuous growth of peak power loads and the rapid development of intermittent energy have posed new major challenges to the regulation ability of power systems. As a supplement to power generation scheduling, flexible load scheduling has become a hot topic at home and abroad. From the perspective of flexible loads participating in power grid dispatching operation, this paper reviews the research results at home and abroad in recent years on the schedulable potential, scheduling modes, response behavior modeling, and scheduling architectures of flexible loads, focuses on comparing and analyzing the applicable scenarios, advantages, and disadvantages of different scheduling modes and scheduling architectures, and explores the further research directions in the field of flexible load scheduling from five aspects: comprehensive response modeling of flexible loads, multi-time scale interactive trading modes, multi-time scale coordinated scheduling, centralized and distributed coordinated control, and interactive benefit evaluation.

[0215] Active distribution network: The control variables, optimization objectives, and constraint conditions of the active distribution network have all changed. Due to the time-series and randomness of clean energy such as wind power and photovoltaic power generation, and the coupling characteristics of energy storage and various flexible loads in space and time, the control variables of the active distribution network include, in addition to distributed controllable power generation units, the transfer and curtailment amounts of energy storage and flexible loads. The inherent uncertainty of clean energy itself makes it impossible to control its output power, and it is generally regarded as an uncontrollable resource and integrated into the power grid through the maximum power tracking control mode; the research on the optimal scheduling of the active distribution network is to study how to establish a reasonable optimal scheduling model to coordinate and control the interaction of "source-network-load", and realize that the distribution network can more efficiently and actively accommodate clean energy on the premise of ensuring the safe, stable, and economic operation of the system.

[0216] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative steps, numerical expressions, and values of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0217] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems and devices described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments and will not be elaborated herein.

[0218] In summary, the content of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art can propose other embodiments within the technical guiding ideology of the present invention, but these embodiments are all included within the scope of the present invention.

[0219] It should be emphasized that the embodiments described in the present invention are illustrative rather than restrictive. Therefore, the present invention includes but is not limited to the embodiments described in the specific implementation manners. Any other implementation manners obtained by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention also belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distribution network supply-demand interaction architecture and operation optimization method, aiming at the impact of flexible load adjustment on new energy consumption and the compensation for the demand side, changes the electricity consumption habits of the load on the user side through flexible load scheduling, so that the generated electricity of new energy can be fully utilized, and the incentive compensation for users is minimized. It is characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Classify and model according to different demand-side flexible load management methods, and obtain user compensation under different models: Step 2: Judge the flexible load type based on the user compensation obtained under different models, and conduct user-side incentive compensation F for different load types, and establish a mathematical model minF with the minimum compensation; Step 3: Construct an information interaction architecture for supply-demand interaction, and establish a coordination strategy that considers the coordination of various flexible loads to minimize the curtailed electricity; Step 4: Based on the established mathematical model minF with the minimum compensation and the coordination strategy with the minimum curtailed electricity, establish an optimization model with the least user compensation and the minimum curtailed electricity.

2. The power distribution network supply-demand interaction architecture and operation optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above Step 1, the classification and modeling according to different demand-side flexible load management methods include interruptible load, shiftable load, and curtailable load. For the interruptible load, when the user side reduces the electricity consumption of the load, compensation needs to be given to the user, and the compensation cost is: Among them, P IL,t represents the electricity consumption capacity reduced by users during the t period; λ IL Unit compensation price for capacity reduction; v t is a variable ranging from 0 to 1, used to indicate whether there is a load shedding behavior of the user in period t, v t = 1 represents that the load is turned off during this time period, v t = 0 represents that there is no load interruption during this time period; C IL The compensation cost obtained after the user performs the electricity load response, T is the total number of time periods, For the shiftable load, the compensation expression when the user adjusts the load is: Among them, C s The compensation cost obtained by the user after transferring the load response; T is the total number of time periods; λ s is the unit compensation price for transferring load capacity; p old,t is the initial load of the user before the transfer of the electrical load at time t; For the curtailable load, the compensation for the reduced load electricity consumption of the user is: Among them, C c The compensation cost obtained by the user after transferring the load response; T is the total number of time periods; λ c is the unit compensation price for transferring load capacity; P c is the initial load of the user before the untransferred electrical load at time t.

3. The distribution network supply-demand interaction architecture and operation optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above Step 2, the established mathematical model with the minimum user compensation has the following expression: Among them, minF1 represents the minimum compensation for users participating in flexible load scheduling; S(i,t) is the status of the i-th interruption contract in the t-th time period, equal to 1 means interruption, and equal to 0 means no interruption is implemented in this time period; C IL represents the compensation cost for the interruptible load on the user side at time t; C S It represents the compensation cost for the user-side transferable load at time t; C C Represents the compensation cost for the user-side curtailable load at time t.

4. The power distribution network supply-demand interaction architecture and operation optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above Step 3, the constructed information interaction architecture for supply-demand interaction is divided into a sensing layer, an edge computing layer, and a master station layer. The edge computing layer uses edge computing methods for data processing and device management to ensure supply-demand balance in the case of flexible load interaction. The established coordination strategy that considers the coordination of various flexible loads to minimize the curtailed electricity is to consider the combined operation of various flexible load resources at different time scales to obtain a collaborative optimization operation strategy with the minimum curtailed electricity. The specific expression is as follows: Among them, minF2 represents the optimization model with the minimum curtailed electricity; C w represents different types of flexible loads; Indicates the amount of discarded electricity at different times.

5. The power distribution network supply-demand interaction architecture and operation optimization method according to claim 1, wherein: In the above Step 4, based on the established mathematical model minF with the minimum compensation and the coordination strategy with the minimum curtailed electricity, the specific expression of the established optimization model with the least user compensation and the minimum curtailed electricity is as follows: Among them, minC represents the optimization model with the least user compensation and the minimum curtailed electricity; minF1 represents the minimum compensation for users participating in flexible load scheduling; minF2 represents the optimization model with the minimum curtailed electricity; w1 represents the weight coefficient for user compensation; w1 represents the weight coefficient for the curtailed electricity.

6. The distribution network supply-demand interaction architecture and operation optimization method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The response times constraint for the interruptible load users is: Among them, T is the total number of time periods; v t is a variable ranging from 0 to 1, used to represent whether the user has a load shedding behavior during period t, v t-1 is a variable ranging from 0 to 1, used to represent whether the user has a load shedding behavior during period t-1; N IL,max Indicates the maximum number of times a user participates in the response within a scheduling period; The constraint condition for the reduction amount size of the interruptible load is: 0 ≤ P IL，t ≤ P IL，max Among them, P IL,t represents the load shedding amount at time t, and P IL,max represents the maximum load that can be shed; The characteristic constraint for the time response of the interruptible load is: Among them, Indicates the minimum continuous response time; Indicates the minimum response interval time; represents the sum of the response times accumulated at time t-1; Indicates the unresponsive time accumulated at time t-1; v t is a variable ranging from 0 to 1, used to indicate whether the user has a load shedding behavior during period t, v t-1 is a variable ranging from 0 to 1, used to indicate whether the user has a load shedding behavior during period t - 1.

7. The distribution network supply-demand interaction architecture and operation optimization method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The expression for the electricity consumption of the load after the shift of the shiftable load is: p s,t = p old,t + p in,t - p out,t Among them, p s,t represents the electricity load of the user at time t after the response; p old,t is the initial load of the user before the transferred electrical load at time t; p in,t The electrical load transferred in during period t; p out,t The electrical load transferred out during the t period; The transfer constraint condition for the electricity load of the shiftable load is: 0 ≤ p out,t ≤ p sft,t 0 ≤ p in,t ≤ p in,t,max Among them, p sft,t The maximum load capacity that can be transferred during period t; p in,t,max is the maximum load allowed to be transferred; p in,t is the electrical load transferred in during period t p out,t The electrical load transferred out during period t; The balance constraint condition for the electricity load of the shiftable load is: Among them, T is the total number of time periods; p in,t The negative electricity transferred in the t period; p out,t is the electrical load transferred out during period t.

8. The power distribution network supply-demand interaction architecture and operation optimization method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The load constraint conditions for the curtailable load before and after curtailment are: Among them, Indicates the load at time t after the reducible load participates in the response; Indicates the load at time t before the reducible load participates in the response; K cut represents the load reduction coefficient, k cut ∈(0, 1); Y cut,t Indicates whether the load shedding participates in the response. A value of 1 indicates that the load shedding participates in the response, and a value of 0 indicates that the load shedding does not participate in the response.

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