Control system of low-voltage power distribution network

Abstract

The invention discloses a control system of a low-voltage power distribution network, and relates to the technical field of power distribution station operation and maintenance, and the system comprises a data collection module which is used for collecting region and node data and equipment parameter data of the low-voltage power distribution network, specifically including voltage, current and power frequency, and naming the data as initial data in a unified manner and transmitting the initial data; the maintenance monitoring module is used for receiving the initial data of the data acquisition module for real-time monitoring to obtain equipment state data and transmitting the equipment state data; according to the system, the safety condition information of the low-voltage power distribution network can be analyzed in real time, a corresponding processing strategy can be generated, the safety monitoring module can provide real-time monitoring and early warning for safety problems caused by line instability and user power demand increase, relevant personnel can be timely notified to take countermeasures, and the safety of the low-voltage power distribution network is ensured. And safety accidents such as fire disasters, electric power and terminal equipment damage and the like are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of operation and maintenance of distribution substations, and more specifically, to a control system for a low-voltage distribution network. Background Art

[0002] The voltage of a low-voltage distribution system is generally between 220V and 400V, and its voltage level is lower than 10 kV. It is usually a 220V single-phase or 380V three-phase system. The system structure of the low-voltage distribution system is relatively simple, generally adopting a single-stage or double-stage distribution method, with flexibility and reliability. The low-voltage distribution system can effectively control parameters such as voltage and frequency, ensuring a stable and reasonable power supply method; the low-voltage distribution network is an important part of the power supply network, responsible for converting electrical energy from the high-voltage grid into low-voltage electrical energy and distributing it to each user terminal. With the development of smart grid technology, the low-voltage distribution network needs to be intelligentized to improve the efficiency and reliability of power distribution. The low-voltage distribution network needs to ensure the safety and economy of power supply, strictly manage, monitor, and maintain distribution equipment to ensure its normal operation; However, in the actual use process, due to the instability of the line itself and the increasing demand for electricity by users, substation equipment is prone to failures and outages, which can cause safety problems such as fires, power outages, and damage to terminal equipment. These problems are mainly due to the inadequate maintenance and management of the low-voltage distribution system. For example, heat problems caused by dust accumulation on equipment and lines. It is difficult for existing technologies to prevent power outages caused by aging and failures; Moreover, uneven three-phase loads in the low-voltage distribution network can cause local line overloads. When the relay protection device detects an overload in a certain phase line, it usually disconnects all three-phase lines together, which makes the overloaded line particularly vulnerable. The leakage protection technology for distribution lines is imperfect, which leads to energy resource losses on the one hand and affects the personal safety of users on the other hand. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a control system for a low-voltage distribution network; A control system for a low-voltage distribution network includes: a data acquisition module, which is used to collect regional and node data of the low-voltage distribution network and equipment parameter data, specifically including voltage, current, and power frequency, uniformly named initial data and transmitted; A maintenance monitoring module, which is used to receive the initial data of the data acquisition module for real-time monitoring, obtain equipment status data, and transmit it; A load management module, which is used to receive the initial data from the data acquisition module and the device status data from the maintenance monitoring module, and the load management module is also used to obtain the user's demand information and historical load data, and allocate real-time current loads according to the initial data, device status data, user's demand information and historical load data, so as to obtain a load distribution plan and adjustment instructions, and transmit them to the devices in the low-voltage distribution network; A safety monitoring module, which is used to receive the initial data from the data acquisition module, the device status data from the maintenance monitoring module, and the load distribution plan and adjustment instructions from the load management module, and perform real-time analysis based on the above data to obtain the safety status information of the low-voltage distribution network, and notify relevant personnel.

[0004] Preferably, the specific working steps of the data acquisition module are as follows: It includes data acquisition devices, and the data acquisition devices include sensors and data collectors. The sensors are installed on the corresponding devices of the low-voltage distribution network, and the data collectors are installed at fixed positions of the low-voltage distribution network; Obtain the geographical location information, types of the low-voltage distribution network devices and the location information of the data collectors; according to the geographical location information, types of the collected low-voltage distribution network devices and the location information of the data acquisition devices, combined with the grid topology connection rules, perform graphic connection modeling to graphically represent the position relationship and distance data Q between each device and data collector in the low-voltage distribution network; use the data acquisition devices to collect the area and node data and device parameter data of the low-voltage distribution network according to the reference acquisition frequency F; Adjust the acquisition frequency of each device according to the position relationship and distance data Q between each device and data collector in the low-voltage distribution network to obtain the adjusted acquisition frequency F1 of each device.

[0005] Preferably, the specific steps for obtaining the adjusted acquisition frequency F1 of each device are as follows: Obtain the reference acquisition frequency F; preset a threshold range R for the distance between each device and the data collector; , calculate the adjusted acquisition frequency F1, and the adjusted acquisition frequency F1 increases according to the acquisition frequency, where is the minimum value in the threshold range R; When the distance Q between the device and the data collector is within the threshold range R, maintain the reference acquisition frequency F; When the distance Q between the device and the data collector is greater than the threshold range R, then according to the formula: , calculate the adjusted acquisition frequency F1, and the adjusted acquisition frequency F1 decreases according to the acquisition frequency, where is the maximum value within the threshold range R.

[0006] Preferably, the specific working mode of the maintenance monitoring module is as follows: Obtain the real-time voltage value W of each node in the low-voltage distribution network; Obtain the real-time current intensity E flowing through each node in the low-voltage distribution network; it should be noted that the current data can reflect the size and distribution of the load; Obtain the real-time power frequency T in the low-voltage distribution network, that is, the alternating current frequency; Pre-set the threshold range W1 of the real-time voltage value, the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the threshold range T1 of the real-time power frequency; Compare the real-time voltage value W, the real-time current intensity E, and the real-time power frequency T with the corresponding threshold ranges W1 of the real-time voltage value, E1 of the real-time current intensity, and T1 of the real-time power frequency respectively to obtain the equipment status data and transmit it.

[0007] Preferably, the specific steps for obtaining the equipment status data include: If the real-time voltage value W exceeds the upper limit of the threshold range W1 of the real-time voltage value, and the real-time current intensity E and the real-time power frequency T are normal, it means that the power supply voltage regulation of the low-voltage distribution network is improper or the system is overloaded, and output the above results as equipment status data; If the real-time voltage value W is lower than the lower limit of the threshold range W1 of the real-time voltage value, and the real-time current intensity E and the real-time power frequency T are normal, it means that the power supply of the low-voltage distribution network is insufficient or the line loss is too large, and output the above results as equipment status data; If the real-time current intensity E exceeds the upper limit of the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time voltage value W and the real-time power frequency T are normal, it means that there is an overload situation in the low-voltage distribution network, and output the above results as equipment status data; If the real-time current intensity E is lower than the lower limit of the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time voltage value W and the real-time power frequency T are normal, it means that the load of the low-voltage distribution network is insufficient or the equipment is not working properly, and output the above results as equipment status data; If the real-time power frequency T is not within the threshold range T1 of the real-time power frequency, and the real-time voltage value W and the real-time current intensity E are normal: it means that the generator set of the low-voltage distribution network is unstable, and output the above results as equipment status data; If both the real-time voltage value W and the real-time current intensity E exceed the upper limits of the corresponding threshold ranges W1 of the real-time voltage value and E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time power frequency T is normal, it means that there is a transformer fault or a main grid problem in the low-voltage distribution network, and output the above results as equipment status data; If both the real-time voltage value W and the real-time current intensity E are lower than the lower limits of the threshold ranges W1 of the corresponding real-time voltage values and E1 of the threshold range of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time power frequency T is normal, it indicates that there is a power supply shortage problem in the low-voltage distribution network power supply system, and the above results are output as equipment status data; If the real-time voltage value W is normal, the real-time current intensity E exceeds the upper limit of the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time power frequency T is not within the threshold range T1 of the real-time power frequency, it indicates that there are electrical problems in the low-voltage distribution network, such as line short circuits or equipment failures, and the above results are output as equipment status data; If the real-time voltage value W is normal, the real-time current intensity E is lower than the lower limit of the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time power frequency T is abnormal, it indicates that there is a load shortage problem in the low-voltage distribution network, and the above results are output as equipment status data; If both the real-time voltage value W and the real-time power frequency T are not within the corresponding threshold ranges, and the real-time current intensity E is within the corresponding threshold range, it indicates that there is a voltage regulation problem in the low-voltage distribution network, and the above results are output as equipment status data.

[0008] Preferably, the equipment status data not only includes the status data of the equipment, but also includes the status data on whether there is dust coverage on the equipment in the low-voltage distribution network. The specific steps for obtaining the status data on whether there is dust coverage on the equipment in the low-voltage distribution network are as follows; If the real-time voltage value W exceeds the threshold range W1 of the real-time voltage value, and the real-time current intensity E and the real-time power frequency T are within the corresponding threshold ranges E1 of the real-time current intensity and T1 of the real-time power frequency, it indicates that there are problems with the low-voltage distribution network equipment or the insulation performance of some lines has decreased, resulting in voltage leakage, which is related to the decrease in insulation performance caused by dust accumulation. The above judgment generates the status data on dust coverage in the equipment status data; If the real-time current intensity E exceeds the threshold range E1 within the real-time current intensity, and the real-time voltage value W and the real-time power frequency T are within the corresponding threshold ranges W1 of the real-time voltage value and T1 of the real-time power frequency, it indicates that the low-voltage distribution network has an overloaded load or a short circuit in the line, which is related to the influence of dust accumulation on heat dissipation. The above judgment generates the status data on dust coverage in the equipment status data; If the real-time power frequency T exceeds the threshold range T1 of the real-time power frequency, and the real-time voltage value W and the real-time current intensity E are within the corresponding threshold ranges, it indicates the instability of the low-voltage distribution network generator set or load changes, which is related to the influence of dust accumulation. The above judgment generates the status data on dust coverage in the equipment status data.

[0009] Preferably, the specific working mode of the load management module is as follows: The real-time voltage value of each node in the low-voltage distribution network is multiplied by the real-time current intensity to obtain the real-time power P of each node in the low-voltage distribution network, and the real-time powers P of all nodes are superimposed to obtain the total load demand K of the low-voltage distribution network; According to the formula K, the charge allocated to the i-th node is calculated , where is the current intensity of the i-th node, and E is the total current intensity of all nodes; For each node, according to the obtained allocated load , an adjustment instruction is generated; The load management module transmits the generated load distribution plan and adjustment instructions to the devices in the low-voltage distribution network to achieve real-time load management.

[0010] Preferably, the specific working steps of the safety monitoring module are as follows: The safety monitoring module performs real-time analysis on the received data to evaluate the safety status of the low-voltage distribution network. The analysis content includes: Abnormal detection of voltage, current, and power frequency: Identify any situation exceeding the preset safety threshold; Equipment status assessment: According to the equipment status data, evaluate whether there is a risk of equipment failure; Analysis of the rationality of load distribution: Check whether the load distribution plan is reasonable; Generate safety status information according to the analysis results.

[0011] Preferably, the specific steps for generating safety status information according to the analysis results are as follows: If the real-time voltage value W exceeds the upper limit of the threshold range W1 of the real-time voltage value, and the real-time current intensity E and the real-time power frequency T are normal: both the real-time voltage value W and the real-time current intensity E exceed the upper limit of the corresponding threshold range, and the real-time power frequency T is normal: both the real-time voltage value W and the real-time power frequency T are not within the corresponding threshold range, and the real-time current intensity E is within the corresponding threshold range, then it is marked as high risk and safety status information is generated; If the real-time voltage value W is lower than the lower limit of the threshold range W1 of the real-time voltage value, and the real-time current intensity E and the real-time power frequency T are normal, the real-time current intensity E exceeds the upper limit of the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time voltage value W and the real-time power frequency T are normal, the real-time power frequency T is not within the threshold range T1 of the real-time power frequency, the real-time voltage value W and the real-time current intensity E are normal, the real-time voltage value W is normal, the real-time current intensity E exceeds the upper limit of the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time power frequency T is not within the threshold range T1 of the real-time power frequency: then it is marked as medium risk and safety status information is generated; If the real-time current intensity E is lower than the lower limit of the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, the real-time voltage value W and the real-time power frequency T are normal: both the real-time voltage value W and the real-time current intensity E are lower than the lower limits of the corresponding threshold ranges, and the real-time power frequency T is normal: then it is marked as low risk, and safety status information is generated.

[0012] Beneficial effects: The safety status information of the low-voltage distribution network can be analyzed in real time, and corresponding processing strategies can be generated. For safety problems caused by line instability and increased user power demand, the safety monitoring module can provide real-time monitoring and early warning, and notify relevant personnel in time to take countermeasures, reducing the occurrence of safety accidents such as fires, power outages, and damage to terminal equipment. Description of the Drawings

[0013] Figure 1 is the flowchart of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0014] Application scenario: In the actual use process, due to the instability of the line itself and the increasing power demand of users, substation equipment is prone to failures and outages, which may cause safety problems such as fires, power outages, and damage to terminal equipment. These problems are mainly due to the inadequate maintenance and management of the low-voltage distribution system, such as heat problems caused by dust accumulation on equipment and lines. It is difficult for the prior art to prevent power outages caused by aging and failures; Moreover, uneven three-phase loads in the low-voltage distribution network can cause local line overloads. When the relay protection device detects an overload in a certain phase line, it usually disconnects all three-phase lines together, which makes the overloaded line particularly vulnerable. The leakage protection technology of the distribution line is imperfect, which not only causes losses of energy resources but also affects the personal safety of users on the other hand.

[0015] Such as Figure 1 shown: A control system for a low-voltage distribution network includes: a data acquisition module, which is used to acquire the regional and node data of the low-voltage distribution network and equipment parameter data, specifically including voltage, current, and power frequency, and uniformly name them as initial data and transmit them; It should be noted that by acquiring the regional and node data of the low-voltage distribution network and equipment parameter data, accurate initial data can be provided for other modules, helping to achieve more precise load management and safety monitoring; A maintenance monitoring module, which is used to receive the initial data of the data acquisition module for real-time monitoring, obtain equipment status data, and transmit them; It should be noted that the device status data can be monitored in real time, including parameters such as voltage and current, and abnormal conditions of the device and the circuit can be detected in a timely manner, such as heat problems caused by dust accumulation. Through real-time monitoring, power supply interruptions caused by aging and failures can be prevented, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the device; A load management module, which is used to receive the initial data of the data acquisition module and the device status data of the maintenance monitoring module, and the load management module is also used to obtain the user's demand information and historical load data, and allocate real-time current loads according to the initial data, device status data, user's demand information and historical load data, obtain a load distribution plan and adjustment instructions, and transmit them to the devices in the low-voltage distribution network; It should be noted that the current load can be reasonably allocated according to the real-time current load, device status data, user demand information and historical load data to avoid overloading of local lines. This can reduce the line overload problem caused by uneven three-phase loads and reduce the risk of misoperation of the relay protection device; A safety monitoring module, which is used to receive the initial data of the data acquisition module, the device status data of the maintenance monitoring module, and the load distribution plan and adjustment instructions of the load management module, and perform real-time analysis based on the above data to obtain the safety status information of the low-voltage distribution network and notify relevant personnel.

[0016] It should be noted that the safety status information of the low-voltage distribution network can be analyzed in real time and corresponding processing strategies can be generated. For safety problems caused by line instability and increased user power demand, the safety monitoring module can provide real-time monitoring and early warning, and notify relevant personnel to take countermeasures in a timely manner to reduce the occurrence of safety accidents such as fires, power outages and damage to terminal equipment; Through the collaborative work of the real-time monitoring module, load management module and safety monitoring module, the problems of inadequate maintenance management, uneven three-phase loads and imperfect leakage protection technology of distribution lines mentioned in the prior art can be effectively solved, and the stability and safety of the low-voltage distribution network can be improved.

[0017] As an optional embodiment: The specific working steps of the data acquisition module are as follows: It includes data acquisition equipment. The data acquisition equipment includes sensors and data collectors. The sensors are installed on the corresponding equipment of the low-voltage distribution network, and the data collectors are installed at fixed positions of the low-voltage distribution network. It should be noted that the sensors include sensors such as voltage, current, and temperature, which are used to monitor the operation status of the distribution network. The data collector: such as the NI general data collector, which is used to configure data acquisition, write data acquisition and output programs; Obtain the geographical location information of low-voltage distribution network equipment, types, and the location information of data collectors; It should be noted that the above information can be obtained through on-site surveys using equipment such as total stations, GNSS, lidar scanning, and photogrammetry. For example, in the distribution area of City A, staff will record the locations and models of all transformers, electric meters, and circuit breakers, including their GPS coordinates; According to the geographical location information, types of low-voltage distribution network equipment, and the location information of data collection equipment, combined with the grid topology connection rules, perform graphic connection modeling to graphically represent the location relationship and distance data Q between each device and data collector in the low-voltage distribution network; For example, by analyzing the equipment locations and connection methods in the distribution area of City A, establish a topological model of the distribution network Use data collection equipment to collect regional and node data of the low-voltage distribution network and equipment parameter data according to the reference collection frequency F; For example, the intelligent electricity meter power consumption data collection system collects the electricity consumption data of low-voltage distribution network users through collection terminals, communication channels, and master stations; Adjust the collection frequency of each device according to the location relationship and distance data Q between each device and data collector in the low-voltage distribution network to obtain the adjusted collection frequency F1 of each device.

[0018] It should be noted that due to the particularity of the working scenario of the low-voltage distribution network, there are many types of equipment, a complex communication environment, and a large number of objects with low single-point capacity and scattered locations, resulting in difficult data collection. Due to the complex communication environment and scattered equipment locations, devices at a relatively far distance may require a higher collection frequency to ensure the real-time and accuracy of data. This technical solution adjusts the data collection frequency according to the distance Q between the device and the collection device to solve the special problems in the working scenario of the low-voltage distribution network and improve the efficiency and accuracy of data collection.

[0019] As an optional embodiment: The specific steps to obtain the adjusted collection frequency F1 of each device are as follows: Obtain the reference collection frequency F; It should be noted that in this embodiment, the reference collection frequency F is obtained through setting by staff; Preset a threshold range R for the distance between each device and the data collector; It should be noted that in this embodiment, the threshold range R consists of a maximum value and a minimum value, specifically; When the distance Q between the device and the data collector is less than the threshold range R, then according to the formula , where is obtained by adding the mean of historical data to 2 times the standard deviation of historical data, where The mean of historical data is subtracted by two times the standard deviation of historical data, where the historical data is the distance data between the low-voltage distribution network equipment and the data collector before the current time period, and 2 is the standard deviation multiple, usually taking 2 or 3, meaning that most data (about 95% or 99.7%) will fall within two standard deviations of the mean: , the adjusted acquisition frequency F1 is calculated, and the adjusted acquisition frequency F1 is based on increasing the acquisition frequency, where is the minimum value in the threshold range R; When the distance Q between the equipment and the data collector is within the threshold range R, the reference acquisition frequency F is maintained; When the distance Q between the equipment and the data collector is greater than the threshold range R, then according to the formula: , the adjusted acquisition frequency F1 is calculated, and the adjusted acquisition frequency F1 is based on decreasing the acquisition frequency, where is the maximum value in the threshold range R.

[0020] It should be noted that when the equipment is close to the data collector, the acquisition frequency is increased to ensure the high real-time performance and accuracy of the data. When the equipment is within a reasonable range from the data collector, the reference acquisition frequency remains unchanged. When the equipment is far from the data collector, the acquisition frequency is decreased to reduce the communication burden and data processing pressure.

[0021] As an optional embodiment: The specific working mode of the maintenance monitoring module is as follows: Obtain the real-time voltage value W of each node in the low-voltage distribution network; it should be noted that the voltage value can be the phase voltage (any one phase voltage in a single-phase system) or the line voltage (the voltage between any two phases in a three-phase system); Obtain the real-time current intensity E flowing through each node in the low-voltage distribution network; it should be noted that the current data can reflect the size and distribution of the load; Obtain the real-time power frequency T in the low-voltage distribution network, that is, the alternating current frequency; it should be noted that in many regions, the standard frequency is 50Hz or 60Hz, and the stability of the power frequency is a key indicator for the normal operation of the power system. The deviation of the frequency may indicate problems in the system, such as the instability of the generator set or the drastic change of the load; Preset the threshold range W1 of the real-time voltage value, the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the threshold range T1 of the real-time power frequency; it should be noted that in this embodiment, the voltage of the low-voltage distribution network should be maintained within the range of ±5% of the nominal voltage, and this range is used as the threshold range W of the real-time voltage value. For example, for a system with a nominal voltage of 220V, the voltage should be between 209V and 231V; The current should be set according to the rated current of the device and the actual load, and the set range is used as the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity. For example, the rated current of a device is 10A, and the normal operating current should be between 9A and 11A; The real-time power frequency should be maintained within the range of ±0.5Hz of the nominal frequency, and this range is used as the threshold range T1 of the real-time power frequency; Compare the real-time voltage value W, the real-time current intensity E, and the real-time power frequency T with the corresponding threshold ranges W1 of the real-time voltage value, E1 of the real-time current intensity, and T1 of the real-time power frequency respectively to obtain the device status data and transmit it.

[0022] As an optional embodiment: The specific steps for obtaining the device status data include: If the real-time voltage value W exceeds the upper limit of the threshold range W1 of the real-time voltage value, and the real-time current intensity E and the real-time power frequency T are normal, it means that the power supply voltage regulation of the low-voltage distribution network is improper or the system is overloaded. Output the above results as device status data; Long-term overvoltage may cause damage to the insulation of the device, reduce the device life, and may cause electrical fires; If the real-time voltage value W is lower than the lower limit of the threshold range W1 of the real-time voltage value, and the real-time current intensity E and the real-time power frequency T are normal, it means that the power supply of the low-voltage distribution network is insufficient or the line loss is too large. Output the above results as device status data; Low voltage may cause the device to fail to start normally or reduce the operating efficiency, affecting the reliability of the power supply If the real-time current intensity E exceeds the upper limit of the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time voltage value W and the real-time power frequency T are normal, it means that there is an overload situation in the low-voltage distribution network. Output the above results as device status data; This may be due to excessive load or line failure. Overload may cause the line to overheat, increase the fire risk, and may damage electrical equipment; If the real-time current intensity E is lower than the lower limit of the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time voltage value W and the real-time power frequency T are normal, the low-voltage distribution network has insufficient load or the device is not working properly. Output the above results as device status data; This may cause difficulties in starting devices such as motors and affect production efficiency; If the real-time power frequency T is not within the threshold range T1 of the real-time power frequency, and the real-time voltage value W and the real-time current intensity E are normal: it means that the generator set of the low-voltage distribution network is unstable. Output the above results as device status data; Frequency deviation may cause changes in the speed of devices such as motors, affecting the stability of the production process and product quality; If both the real-time voltage value W and the real-time current intensity E exceed the upper limits of the threshold ranges W1 of the corresponding real-time voltage values and E1 of the threshold ranges of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time power frequency T is normal, it indicates that there are transformer faults or main grid problems in the low-voltage distribution network. The above results are output as equipment status data; this may lead to large-scale power supply interruptions and equipment damage; If both the real-time voltage value W and the real-time current intensity E are lower than the lower limits of the threshold ranges W1 of the corresponding real-time voltage values and E1 of the threshold ranges of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time power frequency T is normal, it indicates that there is a power supply shortage problem in the low-voltage distribution network power supply system. The above results are output as equipment status data; it affects the power supply in a wide area and may cause equipment to fail to start or operate; If the real-time voltage value W is normal, the real-time current intensity E exceeds the upper limit of the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time power frequency T is not within the threshold range T1 of the real-time power frequency, it indicates that there are electrical problems in the low-voltage distribution network, such as line short circuits or equipment failures. The above results are output as equipment status data; this may lead to power supply interruptions and equipment damage; If the real-time voltage value W is normal, the real-time current intensity E is lower than the lower limit of the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time power frequency T is abnormal, it indicates that there is a load shortage problem in the low-voltage distribution network. The above results are output as equipment status data; this may cause equipment to malfunction and affect the stability of the power grid; If both the real-time voltage value W and the real-time power frequency T are not within the corresponding threshold ranges, and the real-time current intensity E is within the corresponding threshold range, it indicates that there are voltage regulation problems in the low-voltage distribution network. The above results are output as equipment status data. It may affect the voltage tolerance of equipment and the reliability of the power grid.

[0023] As an optional embodiment: The equipment status data not only includes the status data of the equipment, but also includes the status data on whether the equipment in the low-voltage distribution network is covered with dust. The specific steps for obtaining the status data on whether the equipment in the low-voltage distribution network is covered with dust are as follows; If the real-time voltage value W exceeds the threshold range W1 of the real-time voltage value, and the real-time current intensity E and the real-time power frequency T are within the corresponding threshold ranges E1 of the real-time current intensity and T1 of the real-time power frequency, it indicates that there are problems with the equipment in the low-voltage distribution network or the insulation performance of some lines has decreased, resulting in voltage leakage, which is related to the insulation performance decrease caused by dust accumulation. The above judgment generates the status data on dust coverage in the equipment status data; If the real-time current intensity E exceeds the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time voltage value W and the real-time power frequency T are within the threshold range W1 of the corresponding real-time voltage value and the threshold range T1 of the real-time power frequency, it indicates that the load of the low-voltage distribution network is too large or there is a short circuit in the line, which is related to the influence of dust accumulation on heat dissipation. The above judgment generates the status data of dust coverage in the device status data; If the real-time power frequency T exceeds the threshold range T1 of the real-time power frequency, and the real-time voltage value W and the real-time current intensity E are within the corresponding threshold ranges, it indicates the instability or load change of the generator set in the low-voltage distribution network, which is related to the influence of dust accumulation. The above judgment generates the status data of dust coverage in the device status data. This not only helps to maintain the healthy operation of the low-voltage distribution network, but also can improve energy efficiency and safety, reduce maintenance costs, and provide data support for future maintenance strategies.

[0024] As an optional embodiment: The specific working mode of the load management module is as follows: By the real-time voltage value of each node in the low-voltage distribution network Multiply by the real-time current intensity To obtain the real-time power P of each node in the low-voltage distribution network, and superimpose the real-time power P of all nodes to obtain the total load demand K of the low-voltage distribution network; According to the formula K, calculate the charge allocated to the i-th node , where Is the current intensity of the i-th node, and E is the total current intensity of all nodes; For each node, according to the obtained allocated load , generate an adjustment instruction; The load management module transmits the generated load distribution plan and adjustment instructions to the devices in the low-voltage distribution network to achieve real-time load management. It should be noted that the specific steps are as follows: Through the communication network, send the load distribution plan and adjustment instructions to each device in the distribution network to ensure that each device can adjust its load distribution according to the instructions to maintain the stable operation and efficiency of the power grid.

[0025] As an optional embodiment: The specific working steps of the safety monitoring module are as follows: The safety monitoring module performs real-time analysis on the received data to evaluate the safety status of the low-voltage distribution network. The analysis content includes: Abnormal detection of voltage, current and power frequency: Identify any situation exceeding the preset safety threshold; Equipment status assessment: According to the equipment status data, evaluate whether there is a risk of equipment failure; Analysis of the rationality of load distribution: Check whether the load distribution plan is reasonable; Generate safety status information based on the analysis results.

[0026] As an alternative embodiment: The specific steps for generating safety status information based on the analysis results are as follows: If the real-time voltage value W exceeds the upper limit of the threshold range W1 of the real-time voltage value, and the real-time current intensity E and the real-time power frequency T are normal: both the real-time voltage value W and the real-time current intensity E exceed the upper limits of their corresponding threshold ranges, and the real-time power frequency T is normal: both the real-time voltage value W and the real-time power frequency T are not within their corresponding threshold ranges, and the real-time current intensity E is within the corresponding threshold range, then it is marked as high risk and safety status information is generated; If the real-time voltage value W is lower than the lower limit of the threshold range W1 of the real-time voltage value, and the real-time current intensity E and the real-time power frequency T are normal, the real-time current intensity E exceeds the upper limit of the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time voltage value W and the real-time power frequency T are normal, the real-time power frequency T is not within the threshold range T1 of the real-time power frequency, the real-time voltage value W and the real-time current intensity E are normal, the real-time voltage value W is normal, the real-time current intensity E exceeds the upper limit of the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time power frequency T is not within the threshold range T1 of the real-time power frequency: then it is marked as medium risk and safety status information is generated; If the real-time current intensity E is lower than the lower limit of the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time voltage value W and the real-time power frequency T are normal: both the real-time voltage value W and the real-time current intensity E are lower than the lower limits of their corresponding threshold ranges, and the real-time power frequency T is normal: then it is marked as low risk and safety status information is generated.

[0027] Working principle It can analyze the safety status information of the low-voltage distribution network in real time and generate corresponding processing strategies. For safety problems caused by line instability and increasing user power demand, the safety monitoring module can provide real-time monitoring and early warning, and timely notify relevant personnel to take countermeasures to reduce the occurrence of safety accidents such as fires, power outages, and damage to terminal equipment; Through the collaborative work of the real-time monitoring module, load management module, and safety monitoring module, it can effectively solve problems such as inadequate maintenance management, uneven three-phase load, and imperfect leakage protection technology of distribution lines mentioned in the prior art, and improve the stability and safety of the low-voltage distribution network.

[0028] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements should also be regarded as within the protection scope of this template.

Claims

1. A control system for a low-voltage distribution network, characterized in that, Including: A data acquisition module, which is used to collect regional and node data of the low-voltage distribution network and equipment parameter data, specifically including voltage, current and power frequency, uniformly named initial data and transmit it; A maintenance monitoring module, which is used to receive the initial data of the data acquisition module for real-time monitoring, obtain equipment status data, and transmit it; A load management module, which is used to receive the initial data of the data acquisition module and the equipment status data of the maintenance monitoring module, and the load management module is also used to obtain the user's demand information and historical load data, and allocate real-time current load according to the initial data, equipment status data, user's demand information and historical load data, obtain a load distribution plan and adjustment instructions, and transmit them to the equipment of the low-voltage distribution network; A safety monitoring module, which is used to receive the initial data of the data acquisition module, the equipment status data of the maintenance monitoring module, and the load distribution plan and adjustment instructions of the load management module, and perform real-time analysis according to the above data to obtain the safety status information of the low-voltage distribution network, and notify relevant personnel.

2. The control system of a low-voltage distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific working steps of the data acquisition module are as follows: Including data acquisition equipment, the data acquisition equipment includes sensors and data collectors, the sensors are installed on the corresponding equipment of the low-voltage distribution network, and the data collectors are installed at fixed positions of the low-voltage distribution network; Obtain the geographical location information, type of the low-voltage distribution network equipment and the location information of the data collector; According to the geographical location information, type of the collected low-voltage distribution network equipment and the location information of the data acquisition equipment, combined with the grid topology connection rules, perform graphic connection modeling to graphically represent the position relationship and distance data Q between each equipment and data collector in the low-voltage distribution network; Use the data acquisition equipment to collect regional and node data of the low-voltage distribution network and equipment parameter data according to the reference acquisition frequency F; Adjust the acquisition frequency of each equipment according to the position relationship and distance data Q between each equipment and data collector in the low-voltage distribution network to obtain the adjusted acquisition frequency F1 of each equipment.

3. The control system of a low-voltage distribution network according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific steps to obtain the adjusted acquisition frequency F1 of each equipment are as follows: Obtain the reference acquisition frequency F; preset a threshold range R for the distance between each equipment and the data collector; , the adjusted acquisition frequency F1 is calculated. The adjusted acquisition frequency F1 is based on increasing the acquisition frequency, where is the minimum value in the threshold range R; When the distance Q between the equipment and the data collector is within the threshold range R, maintain the reference acquisition frequency F; When the distance Q between the equipment and the data collector is greater than the threshold range R, then according to the formula: , the adjusted acquisition frequency F1 is calculated. The adjusted acquisition frequency F1 is based on reducing the acquisition frequency, where is the maximum value in the threshold range R.

4. The control system of a low-voltage distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific working mode of the maintenance monitoring module is as follows: Obtain the real-time voltage value W of each node in the low-voltage distribution network; Obtain the real-time current intensity E flowing through each node in the low-voltage distribution network; it should be noted that the current data can reflect the size and distribution of the load; Obtain the real-time power frequency T in the low-voltage distribution network, that is, the alternating current frequency; Preset a threshold range W1 for the real-time voltage value, a threshold range E1 for the real-time current intensity, and a threshold range T1 for the real-time power frequency; Compare the real-time voltage value W, the real-time current intensity E, and the real-time power frequency T with the corresponding threshold ranges W1 of the real-time voltage value, E1 of the real-time current intensity, and T1 of the real-time power frequency respectively to obtain device status data and transmit it.

5. The control system of a low-voltage distribution network according to claim 4, characterized in that The specific steps for obtaining the device status data include: If the real-time voltage value W exceeds the upper limit of the threshold range W1 of the real-time voltage value, and the real-time current intensity E and the real-time power frequency T are normal, it means that the power supply voltage of the low-voltage distribution network is improperly regulated or the system is overloaded. Output the above results as device status data; If the real-time voltage value W is lower than the lower limit of the threshold range W1 of the real-time voltage value, and the real-time current intensity E and the real-time power frequency T are normal, it means that the power supply of the low-voltage distribution network is insufficient or the line loss is too large. Output the above results as device status data; If the real-time current intensity E exceeds the upper limit of the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time voltage value W and the real-time power frequency T are normal, it means that there is an overload situation in the low-voltage distribution network. Output the above results as device status data; If the real-time current intensity E is lower than the lower limit of the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time voltage value W and the real-time power frequency T are normal, it means that the load of the low-voltage distribution network is insufficient or the device is not working properly. Output the above results as device status data; If the real-time power frequency T is not within the threshold range T1 of the real-time power frequency, and the real-time voltage value W and the real-time current intensity E are normal: it means that the generator set of the low-voltage distribution network is unstable. Output the above results as device status data; If both the real-time voltage value W and the real-time current intensity E exceed the upper limits of the corresponding threshold ranges W1 of the real-time voltage value and E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time power frequency T is normal, it means that there is a transformer fault or a main grid problem in the low-voltage distribution network. Output the above results as device status data; If both the real-time voltage value W and the real-time current intensity E are lower than the lower limits of the corresponding threshold ranges W1 of the real-time voltage value and E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time power frequency T is normal, it means that there is a power supply shortage problem in the power supply system of the low-voltage distribution network. Output the above results as device status data; If the real-time voltage value W is normal, the real-time current intensity E exceeds the upper limit of the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time power frequency T is not within the threshold range T1 of the real-time power frequency, it means that there are electrical problems in the low-voltage distribution network, such as line short circuit or device failure. Output the above results as device status data; If the real-time voltage value W is normal, the real-time current intensity E is lower than the lower limit of the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time power frequency T is abnormal, it means that there is a load shortage problem in the low-voltage distribution network. Output the above results as device status data; If both the real-time voltage value W and the real-time power frequency T are not within the corresponding threshold ranges, and the real-time current intensity E is within the corresponding threshold range, it indicates that there is a voltage regulation problem in the low-voltage distribution network. Output the above results as device status data.

6. The control system of a low-voltage distribution network according to claim 4, characterized in that, The device status data not only includes the status data of the device, but also includes the status data on whether there is dust coverage on the devices in the low-voltage distribution network. The specific steps for obtaining the status data on whether there is dust coverage on the devices in the low-voltage distribution network are as follows; If the real-time voltage value W exceeds the threshold range W1 of the real-time voltage value, and the real-time current intensity E and the real-time power frequency T are within the corresponding threshold ranges E1 of the real-time current intensity and T1 of the real-time power frequency, it indicates that there is a problem with the low-voltage distribution network devices or the insulation performance of some lines has decreased, resulting in voltage leakage, which is related to the decrease in insulation performance caused by dust accumulation. The above judgment is used to generate the status data of dust coverage in the device status data; If the real-time current intensity E exceeds the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time voltage value W and the real-time power frequency T are within the corresponding threshold ranges W1 of the real-time voltage value and T1 of the real-time power frequency, it indicates that the load of the low-voltage distribution network is too large or there is a short circuit in the line, which is related to the influence of dust accumulation on heat dissipation. The above judgment is used to generate the status data of dust coverage in the device status data; If the real-time power frequency T exceeds the threshold range T1 of the real-time power frequency, and the real-time voltage value W and the real-time current intensity E are within the corresponding threshold ranges, it indicates the instability or load change of the generator set in the low-voltage distribution network, which is related to the influence of dust accumulation. The above judgment is used to generate the status data of dust coverage in the device status data.

7. The control system of a low-voltage distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific working mode of the load management module is as follows: The real-time voltage value of each node in the low-voltage distribution network is multiplied by the real-time current intensity to obtain the real-time power P of each node in the low-voltage distribution network, and the real-time powers P of all nodes are superimposed to obtain the total load demand K of the low-voltage distribution network; According to the formula K, the charge assigned to the i-th node is calculated as , where is the current intensity of the i-th node, and E is the total current intensity of all nodes; For each node, generate an adjustment instruction according to the allocated load obtained for it , and generate an adjustment instruction; The load management module transmits the generated load distribution plan and adjustment instructions to the devices in the low-voltage distribution network to achieve real-time load management.

8. The control system of a low-voltage distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific working steps of the safety monitoring module are as follows: The safety monitoring module performs real-time analysis on the received data to evaluate the safety status of the low-voltage distribution network. The analysis content includes: Abnormal detection of voltage, current and power frequency: Identify any situation that exceeds the preset safety threshold; Device status evaluation: Evaluate whether there is a risk of device failure according to the device status data; Analysis of the rationality of load distribution: Check whether the load distribution plan is reasonable; Generate safety status information according to the analysis results.

9. A control system for a low-voltage distribution network according to claim 8, characterized in that, The specific steps for generating safety status information according to the analysis results are as follows: If the real-time voltage value W exceeds the upper limit of the threshold range W1 of the real-time voltage value, and the real-time current intensity E and the real-time power frequency T are normal: both the real-time voltage value W and the real-time current intensity E exceed the upper limit of the corresponding threshold range, and the real-time power frequency T is normal: both the real-time voltage value W and the real-time power frequency T are not within the corresponding threshold ranges, and the real-time current intensity E is within the corresponding threshold range, it is marked as high risk and safety status information is generated; If the real-time voltage value W is lower than the lower limit of the threshold range W1 of the real-time voltage value, the real-time current intensity E and the real-time power frequency T are normal, the real-time current intensity E exceeds the upper limit of the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, the real-time voltage value W and the real-time power frequency T are normal, the real-time power frequency T is not within the threshold range T1 of the real-time power frequency, the real-time voltage value W and the real-time current intensity E are normal, the real-time voltage value W is normal, the real-time current intensity E exceeds the upper limit of the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity, and the real-time power frequency T is not within the threshold range T1 of the real-time power frequency: Then it is marked as medium risk and safety status information is generated; If the real-time current intensity E is lower than the lower limit of the threshold range E1 of the real-time current intensity and the real-time voltage value W and the real-time power frequency T are normal: Both the real-time voltage value W and the real-time current intensity E are lower than the corresponding lower limits of the threshold ranges and the real-time power frequency T is normal: Then it is marked as low risk and safety status information is generated.

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