Low-failure-rate switch, data transmission method and data transmission system

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-failure-rate switch, a data transmission method and a data transmission system, the low-failure-rate switch comprises a necessary layer, a standby layer, an MCU and a plurality of data transmission ends, and the necessary layer and the standby layer are mutually independent; any two data transmission ends are electrically connected with each other through the necessary layer so as to carry out data transmission; the MCU is electrically connected with the plurality of data transmission ends, and the MCU monitors whether data transmission between any two data transmission ends is normal or not; and when the MCU monitors that the data transmission between the two data transmission ends is abnormal, the MCU controls the two data transmission ends with abnormal data transmission to be switched to be electrically connected with each other through the standby layer for data transmission. According to the invention, the fault rate of data transmission can be reduced while the data transmission efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of computer technology, and particularly to a low-failure-rate switch, a data transmission method, and a data transmission system. Background Art

[0002] In modern computer systems, a switch is a crucial device that is used to connect multiple computers or other network devices to achieve high-speed data transmission. In the evolution of switch technology, improving the reliability and stability of switches has always been a key issue. Currently, the industry generally adopts redundant path technology and port isolation technology to address internal circuit failures in chips.

[0003] Redundant path technology aims to add a backup path between two ports. When the main path fails, it can be promptly switched to the backup path to ensure the continuity of data transmission. However, with the development of technology, especially the surge in the demand for the number of switch ports in emerging fields such as artificial intelligence, the drawbacks of redundant path technology have gradually emerged. The increase in the number of ports has exponentially increased the complexity of circuit design, leading to a substantial rise in chip manufacturing costs, which is undoubtedly a heavy burden for scenarios with large-scale deployment of switches.

[0004] Port isolation technology, on the other hand, prevents the spread of faults by directly isolating the faulty port, but this technology has obvious limitations and is not suitable as the primary mechanism for error prevention. Once a port is isolated, it may lead to the disconnection of the server, seriously damaging the quality and performance of the server and failing to meet the urgent needs of users for continuous and stable services.

[0005] In summary, both of the existing error prevention technologies, whether it is redundant path technology or port isolation technology, have significant limitations and are difficult to fundamentally and effectively solve a series of problems caused by internal circuit failures in chips.

[0006] The disclosure of the above background art content is only for assisting in understanding the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention, and it does not necessarily belong to the prior art of this application, nor will it necessarily provide technical guidance; in the absence of clear evidence indicating that the above content was publicly available before the filing date of this application, the above background art should not be used to evaluate the novelty and inventiveness of this application. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a low-failure-rate switch, a data transmission method, and a data transmission system that can reduce the failure rate of data transmission and improve the reliability of data transmission.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A low-failure-rate switch, including a primary layer, a standby layer, an MCU, and multiple data transmission ends, where the primary layer and the standby layer are independent of each other; Any two of the data transmission ends are electrically connected to each other through the primary layer for data transmission; The MCU is electrically connected to multiple data transmission ends respectively, and the MCU monitors whether the data transmission between any two data transmission ends is normal; When the MCU detects abnormal data transmission between two data transmission ends, the MCU controls the two data transmission ends with abnormal data transmission to be electrically connected to each other through the standby layer for data transmission.

[0009] Further, based on any one of the foregoing technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions, the switch includes N data transmission ends, and each data transmission end includes a receiving end and a sending end. The receiving end is configured to receive data transmitted from the outside to the switch, and the sending end is configured to receive the data sent by the receiving ends of other data transmission ends; The primary layer includes N layers of first circuits. Each layer of the first circuit includes the receiving end of one data transmission end, the sending ends of other data transmission ends, and a first MCU connection end. And the receiving end of one data transmission end is electrically connected to the sending ends of other data transmission ends and the first MCU connection end respectively; The first MCU connection end is electrically connected to the MCU.

[0010] Further, based on any one of the foregoing technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions, the standby layer includes one or more layers of second circuits. Each layer of the second circuit includes a second MCU connection end and N first ports that are electrically connected to each other. The N first ports are electrically connected to each other, and the second MCU connection end is electrically connected to the MCU; When the MCU detects abnormal data transmission between two data transmission ends, it determines the first circuit where the data transmission ends with abnormal data transmission are located as the abnormal circuit, and controls the N data transmission ends on the abnormal first circuit to be electrically connected to the N first ports on one layer of the second circuit in one-to-one correspondence.

[0011] Further, based on any one of the foregoing technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions, the second circuit is multi-layered. Among the N first ports on the same layer of the second circuit, one first port is configured as a receiving end, and the other first ports are configured as sending ends. The receiving end is configured to transmit data to one of the multiple sending ends; Data is not transmitted between the receiving end and the sending ends on different layers of the second circuit; Data transmission is carried out independently between the receiving end and the sending end on each layer of the second circuit.

[0012] Further, based on any one of the foregoing technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions, each of the data transmission ends is configured with a port address. The receiving end of a data transmission end on the first circuit simultaneously sends a data transmission request to the sending ends of multiple other data transmission ends. The data transmission request includes a target address, and the target address is one of the multiple port addresses. The sending ends of the other data transmission ends receive the data transmission request and match the target address with its corresponding port address. The sending end with a matching result returns an acknowledgment reception signal to the receiving end. In response to receiving the acknowledgment reception signal, the receiving end sends data to the sending end that returns the acknowledgment reception signal.

[0013] Further, based on any one of the foregoing technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions, it further includes an MCU layer. The MCU layer is independent of the essential layer and the standby layer. The MCU is disposed on the MCU layer, and the MCU is electrically connected to multiple data transmission ends respectively through the MCU layer. The data transmission end sends data to one of the MCU and other data transmission ends through the essential layer and / or the MCU layer. The MCU sends data to some or all of the multiple data transmission ends through the MCU layer.

[0014] Further, based on any one of the foregoing technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions, the switch includes N data transmission ends. The MCU layer is also provided with N second ports, and the N second ports are electrically connected to each other and are electrically connected to the N data transmission ends in one-to-one correspondence. When the MCU monitors that data transmission between two data transmission ends is abnormal, the MCU controls the data transmission end with abnormal data transmission to complete the current data transmission through the MCU layer. At the same time, the MCU controls the data transmission end with abnormal data transmission to be electrically connected through the standby layer for the next data transmission.

[0015] Further, based on any one of the foregoing technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions, the data transmission end is provided with a timer. The timer is electrically connected to the MCU, and the timer is configured to monitor the duration of data transmission / reception of the data transmission end. If the duration monitored by the timer exceeds a preset first duration, an appropriate electrical signal is sent to the MCU. The MCU determines that there is an abnormal data transmission between the two data transmission ends in response to receiving the electrical signal.

[0016] Further, continuing from any one of the foregoing technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions, the data transmission end is configured with a first register, and the first register is configured to store a mandatory layer address or a standby layer address; When the first register stores the mandatory layer address, the data transmission ends are electrically connected to each other through the mandatory layer for data transmission; When the MCU monitors an abnormal data transmission between two data transmission ends, the MCU changes the mandatory layer address stored in the first register to the standby layer address, so that the two data transmission ends with abnormal data transmission are switched to be electrically connected to each other through the standby layer for data transmission.

[0017] Further, continuing from any one of the foregoing technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions, the data transmission end is configured with a second register, and the second register is configured to store the received / to-be-transmitted data.

[0018] Further, continuing from any one of the foregoing technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions, when the data transmission end transmits data to other data transmission ends, the data is synchronously transmitted to the MCU, and the MCU is configured with a third register, and the third register is configured to store the currently targeted transmitted data; When the MCU monitors an abnormal data transmission between two data transmission ends, the MCU determines that the data stored in the third register is the target retransmission data, and broadcasts the target retransmission data to other data transmission ends.

[0019] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a data transmission method based on the low-failure-rate switch according to any one of the foregoing technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions, including the following steps: Configure the data transmission ends to be electrically connected to each other through the mandatory layer for data transmission; Use the MCU to monitor the data transmission situation between multiple data transmission ends in real time; When the MCU monitors an abnormal data transmission between two data transmission ends, the MCU controls the two data transmission ends with abnormal data transmission to be switched to be electrically connected to each other through the standby layer for data transmission.

[0020] Further, continuing from any one of the foregoing technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions, the data transmission method further includes the following steps: Configure two different data transmission ends to be electrically connected to each other through two different mandatory layers for data transmission; The MCU is arranged in the MCU layer, the MCU layer is independent of the mandatory layer and the standby layer, and the MCU is electrically connected to a plurality of the data transmission ends through the MCU layer respectively; When the MCU detects data transmission anomalies between two data transmission ends, determine the mandatory layer where the data transmission end with data transmission anomalies is located as the faulty mandatory layer, and switch the electrical connections of all data transmission ends on the faulty mandatory layer to be through the standby layer.

[0021] According to another aspect of the present invention, a data transmission system is provided, including the low-failure-rate switch described in any one of the above technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions.

[0022] The beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions provided by the present invention are as follows: a. For the switch provided by the present invention, multiple data transmission ends can share one layer or a few layers of standby layers. When the MCU detects data transmission anomalies in the mandatory layer where two data transmission ends are located, switch the circuit connections between multiple data transmission ends on this layer to be through the standby layer, then the data transmission failure problem can be solved. This solution can avoid the problem of server disconnection caused by directly isolating ports, and also avoid the disadvantages of greatly increasing the line design complexity and chip manufacturing cost brought by the redundant path technology. On the premise of reducing the data transmission failure rate, it also has the advantages of simple structure and low cost; b. For the switch provided by the present invention, multiple mutually independent first circuits are arranged on the mandatory layer, which can meet the requirements of simultaneous data transmission between different data transmission ends. And multiple second circuits are also arranged on the standby layer, and the receivers and transmitters on each layer of the second circuits perform data transmission independently of each other. In this way, when data transmission anomalies occur in multiple layers of the first circuits on the mandatory layer at the same time, switch the data transmission ends on the multiple abnormal first circuits to the corresponding multiple layers of the second circuits at the same time, and then efficiently solve the data transmission anomaly problem in the switch while reducing the data delay, ensuring the reliability of data transmission; c. By setting the MCU layer, when the MCU detects the first circuit with data transmission anomalies in the mandatory layer, when switching the electrical connections of all data transmission ends on this layer of the first circuit to be through the second circuit in the standby layer, synchronously transmit the data that needs to be retransmitted currently through the MCU layer, without retransmitting the data after the data transmission ends are switched to be electrically connected through the standby layer, which can reduce the latency of data retransmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal circuit structure of a switch provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the principle of timing the data transmission of a data transmission end by a timer provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the principle of the timer sending data timeout retransmission to the MCU provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the principle of the MCU broadcasting retransmitted data to other data transmission ends provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the principle of a data transmission end with abnormal data transmission transmitting data through a standby layer provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily need to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such used data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present invention described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, device, product or equipment including a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these process, method, product or equipment.

[0027] In an embodiment of the present invention, a low-failure-rate switch is provided, such asFigures 1 to 5 As shown, it includes an essential layer, a standby layer, an MCU, and multiple data transmission terminals. The essential layer and the standby layer are independent of each other; Any two of the data transmission terminals are electrically connected to each other through the essential layer for data transmission; The MCU is electrically connected to multiple data transmission terminals respectively, and the MCU monitors whether the data transmission between any two data transmission terminals is normal; When the MCU detects abnormal data transmission between two data transmission terminals, the MCU controls the two data transmission terminals with abnormal data transmission to be electrically connected to each other through the standby layer for data transmission.

[0028] According to the existing data transmission error prevention mechanism of switches, either through port isolation technology, that is, by directly isolating the faulty port to prevent the spread of faults, but this technical means may cause the server to disconnect, with obvious limitations and not suitable as the primary mechanism for error prevention; or a standby path is set between every two electrically connected data transmission terminals. When data transmission is abnormal, the standby path is enabled to solve the problem of abnormal data transmission. Assuming there are n data transmission terminals, at least standby paths need to be set. Obviously, the increase in the number of data transmission terminals makes the complexity of the circuit design increase exponentially, and the cost also rises significantly.

[0029] The above low-failure-rate switch proposed in this application is different from the existing port isolation and redundant circuit backup designs. In this application, an essential layer is set for normal data transmission between multiple data transmission terminals. And a general standby layer independent of the essential layer is set. When the MCU detects data transmission terminals with abnormal data transmission, the data transmission terminals with abnormal data transmission are switched to perform data layer transmission through the standby layer. For example, according to the original design idea of redundant standby paths between ports, for an 8-port switch, at least standby paths need to be designed. And by adopting the technical solution proposed in this application, the 8 ports can share a layer of standby layer. When it is detected that there is abnormal data transmission in the essential layer where any two data transmission terminals are located, the circuit connection of this layer is switched to be electrically connected through the standby layer. Of course, to improve the reliability of the switch, it is preferably to adopt multiple layers of standby layers to apply to the situation where multiple groups of data transmission terminals have abnormal data transmission at the same time. For example, 2 layers, 3 layers, or 4 layers of standby layers are adopted ( Figure 1The second circuit of the Mth layer shown in the figure, where M is a natural number not less than 1. Preferably, 2 ≤ M ≤ N, and N is the number of data transmission ends in the switch. However, usually not too many spare layers are needed because the probability of simultaneous data transmission anomalies in a very large number of groups of data transmission ends is very small. Therefore, the low-failure-rate switch proposed based on this application can avoid the problem of server disconnection caused by directly isolating ports, and also avoid the disadvantages of greatly increased line design complexity and chip manufacturing cost brought by the redundant path technology. On the premise of achieving a reduction in the failure rate, it also has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.

[0030] In an embodiment of the present invention, the switch includes N (N is a natural number greater than or equal to 2) data transmission ends. Each data transmission end includes a receiving end and a sending end. The receiving end is configured to receive data transmitted from the outside to the switch and send data to the sending ends of other data transmission ends. The sending end is configured to receive the data sent by the receiving ends of other data transmission ends and transmit the data to the external device of the switch.

[0031] The mandatory layer includes N layers of first circuits. Each layer of the first circuit includes the receiving end of one data transmission end, the sending ends of other data transmission ends, and a first MCU connection end. And the receiving end of one data transmission end is electrically connected to the sending ends of other data transmission ends and the first MCU connection end respectively. The first MCU connection end is electrically connected to the MCU.

[0032] Each data transmission end is configured with a port address. The receiving end of one data transmission end on the first circuit sends a data transmission request to the sending ends of multiple other data transmission ends at the same time. The data transmission request includes a target address, and the target address is one of the multiple port addresses.

[0033] The sending ends of other data transmission ends receive the data transmission request and match the target address with its corresponding port address. The sending end with a matching result returns an acknowledgment reception signal to the receiving end. The receiving end sends data to the sending end that returns the acknowledgment reception signal in response to receiving the acknowledgment reception signal. The implementation method of data transmission among multiple data transmission ends through N layers of first circuits can specifically refer to the technical solution proposed in the Chinese patent application with the name of a switch, data transmission method and system for reducing data exchange delay, and the application number 2024114493648, which will not be elaborated here.

[0034] In this embodiment, the spare layer includes multiple layers of second circuits. Each layer of the second circuit includes N first ports and a second MCU connection end that are electrically connected to each other. The second MCU connection end is electrically connected to the MCU. When the data transmission between the N data transmission ends of the mandatory layer is normal, each layer of the second circuit is in a standby state, that is, the N first ports on each layer of the second circuit are not connected to the N data transmission ends in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0035] When the MCU detects that the data transmission between two data transmission ends is abnormal, it determines the first circuit where the data transmission end with abnormal data transmission is located as an abnormal circuit, and controls the N data transmission ends on the abnormal circuit to be electrically connected to the N first ports on one layer of the second circuit in a one-to-one correspondence. Optionally, the second MCU connection end also switches from a state where it is not electrically connected to the MCU to a state where it is electrically connected to the MCU. Preferably, the second MCU connection end is always electrically connected to the MCU.

[0036] In this embodiment, data is transmitted between the receiving end and the sending end on the same layer of the second circuit, and data is not transmitted between the receiving end and the sending end on different layers of the second circuit; the data transmission between the receiving end and the sending end on each layer of the second circuit is independent of each other. In this way, when multiple layers of the first circuits on the mandatory layer have abnormal data transmission simultaneously, they can be switched to the corresponding multiple layers of the second circuits simultaneously, thereby solving the problem of abnormal data transmission in the switch.

[0037] In this embodiment, the switch further includes an MCU layer, which is independent of the mandatory layer and the spare layer. The MCU is disposed on the MCU layer, and the MCU is electrically connected to multiple data transmission ends through the MCU layer; the data transmission end sends data to the MCU and one of the other data transmission ends through the mandatory layer; the MCU sends data to some or all of the multiple data transmission ends through the MCU layer.

[0038] Specifically, the switch includes N data transmission ends, and the MCU layer is also provided with N second ports. The N second ports are electrically connected to each other, and the N second ports are electrically connected to the N data transmission ends in a one-to-one correspondence. When the MCU detects that the data transmission between two data transmission ends is abnormal, the MCU controls the data transmission end with abnormal data transmission to complete this data transmission through the MCU layer, and at the same time, the MCU controls the data transmission end with abnormal data transmission to be electrically connected through the spare layer for the next data transmission.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, the following method is used to determine whether there is an abnormal data transmission situation. AsFigures 3 to 5 As shown, a timer is provided at the data transmission end, and the timer is electrically connected to the MCU. The timer is configured to monitor the duration of data transmission / reception at the data transmission end. If the duration monitored by the timer exceeds a preset first duration, the MCU determines that there is an abnormal data transmission between the two data transmission ends.

[0040] Specifically, a timer is provided at each data transmission end. The timer is connected to the MCU through a separate line or a serial communication line, preferably electrically connected through a separate line. The timer at each data transmission end is used to monitor the time / duration of data reception at that port and transmit a timeout signal to the MCU. This line can use a separate circuit line or a serial communication line. The timer can be a hardware timer or a software timer, and the time accuracy can be set to the nanosecond level.

[0041] The timer of the timeout data transmission end changes the level of the line connected to the MCU to notify the MCU of an abnormal data transmission situation. For example, there is originally a 5V power supply connected, but it is blocked by a logic gate. When the timer times out, the logic gate opens, and the output signal will change from 1V to 5V, thereby notifying the MCU that the data at this data transmission end is a timeout retransmission. When the data reception at the data transmission end times out, the timer will change the electrical level of the line connected to the MCU from the low level of 1V to the high level of 5V, thereby notifying the MCU that the data currently transmitted at this data transmission end is a timeout retransmission data and needs to retransmit this data. The prior art timeout retransmission technology usually monitors whether the data sent by the sender at the data transmission end times out. The MCU in this application is a third party that controls the electrical connection mode of multiple data transmission ends in the switch, and it cannot determine which of the data currently being transmitted at each port are normal data or retransmission data. The technical solution of this application can solve this problem.

[0042] Preferably, the data transmission end is configured with a first register and a second register. Among them, the second register is configured to store the received / to-be-transmitted data. The first register stores the must-layer address or the spare-layer address. When the first register stores the must-layer address, the data transmission ends are electrically connected to each other through the must-layer for data transmission; when the MCU detects an abnormal data transmission between two data transmission ends, the MCU changes the must-layer address stored in the first register to the spare-layer address, so that the two data transmission ends with abnormal data transmission are switched to be electrically connected to each other through the spare-layer for data transmission.

[0043] When the data transmission end transmits data to other data transmission ends, it synchronously transmits the data to the MCU. The MCU is configured with a third register, and the third register is configured to store the data currently being transmitted.

[0044] When the MCU detects abnormal data transmission between two data transmission ends, the MCU determines that the data currently stored in the third register is the target retransmission data, and broadcasts the target retransmission data to the other data transmission ends.

[0045] In this embodiment, the MCU synchronously receives the data sent by each data transmission end on each layer of the first circuit and stores it in the storage device to trace the cause of the problem when there is a problem. When there is an emergency, it is necessary to save the data currently sent by the data transmission end with an abnormality. Therefore, it is necessary to write the data into the MCU cache, that is, the third register. Each data transmission end has a corresponding first register to indicate which data transmission end on the current layer of the first circuit needs to perform broadcast transmission. After the MCU saves the retransmitted data of the data transmission end, it will change the register indicating the layer number, so that the data transmission end will use the standby layer for transmission when it performs subsequent transmissions. The MCU writes the changed data transmission layer information, that is, the standby layer address, into the first register corresponding to the data transmission end with an abnormality.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, the switch, as Figure 1 shown, includes 4 data transmission ends, namely Figure 1 ports 1 to 4 shown in the figure. Correspondingly, the mandatory layer is provided with 4 layers of independent first circuits. On each first circuit, the receiving end of one of ports 1 to 4 is electrically connected to the first MCU connection end and the sending ends of other data transmission ends respectively, and the data transmission ends corresponding to the receiving ends on different first circuits are different. The first MCU connection end is electrically connected to the MCU, so that one of ports 1 to 4 can synchronously transmit the data to the MCU when transmitting data to other ports.

[0047] The standby layer includes 3 layers of independent second circuits. On each layer of the second circuit, there are first ports 1 to 4 and a second MCU connection end, and the second MCU connection end is electrically connected to the MCU. When all layers of the first circuits on the mandatory layer are working properly, that is, when there is no abnormal data transmission, each layer of the second circuit does not work.

[0048] When there is an abnormal operation of the first circuit on the required layer, that is, when data transmission is abnormal, ports 1 to 4 on the first circuit with abnormal data transmission are switched to be electrically connected to the first ports 1 to 4 in a one-to-one correspondence. That is, port 1 is electrically connected to the first port 1, port 2 is electrically connected to the first port 2, port 3 is electrically connected to the first port 3, and port 4 is electrically connected to the first port 4. In this way, it can be achieved that when there is abnormal data transmission in any first circuit layer, it can be switched to the second circuit on the standby layer. An efficient and low-cost switching method: as described in the above embodiment, the required layer addresses stored in the first registers corresponding to each data transmission end are modified to the corresponding standby layer addresses. Another way can also be to implement the circuit switching through switching transistors.

[0049] The MCU layer includes the MCU and the second ports 1 to 4. The MCU and the second ports 1 to 4 are electrically connected respectively. The second port 1 is electrically connected to the port 1, the second port 2 is electrically connected to the port 2, the second port 3 is electrically connected to the port 3, and the second port 4 is electrically connected to the port 4.

[0050] In this embodiment, taking one layer of the first circuit as an example, the parameters of each data transmission end on it are shown in Table 1. When the first circuit of this layer is normal, the first registers corresponding to ports 1 to 4 are A11 to A14 respectively, and the addresses stored in the first registers A11 to A14 are the corresponding required layer addresses B11 to B14. When the MCU determines that the data transmission on this layer of the first circuit is abnormal, the MCU modifies the addresses stored in the first registers A11 to A14 to the standby layer addresses C11 to C14 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0051]

[0052] As Figure 2 shown, when port 1 sends data to other ports and the MCU, from the moment when data starts to be sent from port 1, the timer corresponding to port 1 starts timing. The current data receiving port is port 2. If port 2 matches the port address and returns an acknowledgment signal to port 1, port 1 sends data to port 2 in response to the received acknowledgment signal from the receiving end. The addresses stored in the first registers A11 to A14 corresponding to ports 1 to 4 are the corresponding required layer addresses B11 to B14.

[0053] As Figure 3As shown, if the timer times out and the confirmation signal is still not received at Port 1, it is determined that the current data transmission is abnormal. Since Port 1 synchronously transmits data to the MCU through the first MCU connection terminal, the MCU can determine which layer of the first circuit is abnormal based on the current data, and only needs to modify the necessary layer addresses stored in each first register of this layer to the corresponding standby layer addresses.

[0054] As Figure 4 shown, when the MCU determines that the data transmission is abnormal, while modifying the first register address, it broadcasts the data that needs to be retransmitted to each data transmission terminal through the MCU layer. As Figure 5 shown, each data transmission terminal matches the data broadcast by the MCU with its own port address. The port 2 with a matching address replies with a confirmation signal. At this time, the data that needs to be retransmitted is sent to port 2 through the MCU layer or the switched standby layer.

[0055] In an embodiment of the present invention, a data transmission method based on the low-failure-rate switch described in any of the above embodiments is provided, including the following steps: Configure the data transmission terminals to be electrically connected to each other through the necessary layer for data transmission; Use the MCU to monitor the data transmission situation between multiple data transmission terminals in real time; When the MCU monitors that the data transmission between two data transmission terminals is abnormal, the MCU controls the two data transmission terminals with abnormal data transmission to be switched to be electrically connected to each other through the standby layer for data transmission.

[0056] Preferably, the data transmission method further includes the following steps: Configure two different data transmission terminals to be electrically connected to each other through two different necessary layers for data transmission, and each necessary layer is configured with a unique necessary layer address; Set the MCU in the MCU layer. The MCU layer is independent of the necessary layer and the standby layer, and the MCU is electrically connected to multiple data transmission terminals through the MCU layer respectively; When the MCU monitors that the data transmission between two data transmission terminals is abnormal, it locates the faulty necessary layer through the necessary layer address corresponding to the currently to-be-transmitted data, and switches each data transmission terminal on the faulty necessary layer to be electrically connected through the standby layer.

[0057] In an embodiment of the present invention, a data transmission system is provided, including the low-failure-rate switch described in any of the above embodiments.

[0058] It should be noted that the data transmission method and data transmission system embodiments provided by the present invention have the same inventive concept as the above-mentioned low-failure-rate switch embodiments, and all the contents of the low-failure-rate switch embodiments are incorporated into the data transmission method and data transmission system embodiments by introduction.

[0059] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0060] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present application, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A switch with low failure rate, characterized in that, It includes a mandatory layer, a standby layer, an MCU, and multiple data transmission terminals. The mandatory layer and the standby layer are independent of each other; Any two of the data transmission terminals are electrically connected to each other through the mandatory layer for data transmission; The MCU is electrically connected to multiple data transmission terminals respectively, and the MCU monitors whether the data transmission between any two data transmission terminals is normal; When the MCU detects abnormal data transmission between two data transmission terminals, the MCU controls the two data transmission terminals with abnormal data transmission to be electrically connected to each other through the standby layer for data transmission.

2. The low-failure-rate switch according to claim 1, wherein The switch includes N data transmission terminals. Each data transmission terminal includes a receiving end and a sending end. The receiving end is configured to receive data transmitted from the outside to the switch, and the sending end is configured to receive the data sent by the receiving ends of other data transmission terminals; The mandatory layer includes N layers of first circuits. Each layer of the first circuit includes the receiving end of one data transmission terminal, the sending ends of other data transmission terminals, and a first MCU connection end. And the receiving end of one data transmission terminal is electrically connected to the sending ends of other data transmission terminals and the first MCU connection end respectively; The first MCU connection end is electrically connected to the MCU.

3. The low-failure-rate switch according to claim 2, wherein The standby layer includes one or more layers of second circuits. Each layer of the second circuit includes a second MCU connection end and N first ports that are electrically connected to each other. The N first ports are electrically connected to each other, and the second MCU connection end is electrically connected to the MCU; When the MCU detects abnormal data transmission between two data transmission terminals, it determines the first circuit where the data transmission terminal with abnormal data transmission is located as an abnormal circuit, and controls the N data transmission terminals on the abnormal first circuit to be electrically connected to the N first ports on one layer of the second circuit in a one-to-one correspondence.

4. The low-failure-rate switch according to claim 3, characterized in that The second circuit is multi-layered. Among the N first ports on the same layer of the second circuit, one first port is configured as a receiving end, and the other first ports are configured as sending ends. The receiving end is configured to transmit data to one of the multiple sending ends; There is no data transmission between the receiving ends and the sending ends on different layers of the second circuit; The data transmission between the receiving ends and the sending ends on each layer of the second circuit is independent of each other.

5. The low-failure-rate switch according to claim 2, wherein Each data transmission terminal is configured with a port address. The receiving end of a data transmission terminal on the first circuit sends a data transmission request to the sending ends of multiple other data transmission terminals at the same time. The data transmission request includes a target address, and the target address is one of the multiple port addresses; The sending ends of other data transmission terminals receive the data transmission request and match the target address with its corresponding port address. The sending end with a matching result returns an acknowledgment reception signal to the receiving end; The receiving end sends data to the sending end that returns the acknowledgment reception signal in response to receiving the acknowledgment reception signal.

6. The low-failure-rate switch according to claim 1, wherein It further includes an MCU layer, which is independent of the essential layer and the standby layer. The MCU is disposed in the MCU layer, and the MCU is electrically connected to multiple data transmission ends respectively through the MCU layer; The data transmission end sends data to the MCU and one of the other data transmission ends through the essential layer and / or the MCU layer; The MCU sends data to some or all of the multiple data transmission ends through the MCU layer.

7. The low-failure-rate switch according to claim 6, wherein The switch includes N data transmission ends, and the MCU layer is also provided with N second ports. The N second ports are electrically connected to each other, and the N second ports are electrically connected to the N data transmission ends in one-to-one correspondence; When the MCU detects abnormal data transmission between two data transmission ends, the MCU controls the data transmission end with abnormal data transmission to complete the current data transmission through the MCU layer. At the same time, the MCU controls the data transmission end with abnormal data transmission to be electrically connected through the standby layer for the next data transmission.

8. The low-failure-rate switch according to claim 1, wherein The data transmission end is provided with a timer, and the timer is electrically connected to the MCU. The timer is configured to monitor the duration of data transmission / reception of the data transmission end; If the duration monitored by the timer exceeds a preset first duration, an corresponding electrical signal is sent to the MCU; The MCU determines that there is abnormal data transmission between two data transmission ends in response to receiving the electrical signal.

9. The low-failure-rate switch according to claim 1, characterized in that The data transmission end is configured with a first register, and the first register is configured to store the essential layer address or the standby layer address; When the first register stores the essential layer address, the data transmission ends are electrically connected to each other through the essential layer for data transmission; When the MCU detects abnormal data transmission between two data transmission ends, the MCU changes the essential layer address stored in the first register to the standby layer address, so that the two data transmission ends with abnormal data transmission are switched to be electrically connected to each other through the standby layer for data transmission.

10. The low-failure-rate switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data transmission end is configured with a second register, and the second register is configured to store the received / to-be-transmitted data.

11. The low-failure-rate switch according to claim 1, wherein When the data transmission end transmits data to other data transmission ends, the data is synchronously transmitted to the MCU. The MCU is configured with a third register, and the third register is configured to store the currently targeted transmitted data; When the MCU detects abnormal data transmission between two data transmission ends, the MCU determines that the data stored in the third register is the target retransmission data, and broadcasts the target retransmission data to other data transmission ends.

12. A data transmission method for a low-failure-rate switch according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Configure the data transmission ends to be electrically connected to each other through the essential layer for data transmission; Use the MCU to monitor the data transmission situation between multiple data transmission ends in real time; When the MCU detects abnormal data transmission between two data transmission ends, the MCU controls the two data transmission ends with abnormal data transmission to be switched to be electrically connected to each other through the standby layer for data transmission.

13. The data transmission method according to claim 12, wherein, It further includes the following steps: Two data transmission ends with different configurations are electrically connected to each other through two different said mandatory layers for data transmission; The MCU is arranged in the MCU layer, the MCU layer is independent of the mandatory layer and the standby layer, and the MCU is electrically connected to a plurality of the data transmission ends respectively through the MCU layer; When the MCU detects abnormal data transmission between two data transmission ends, it determines the mandatory layer where the data transmission end with abnormal data transmission is located as the faulty mandatory layer, and switches each data transmission end on the faulty mandatory layer to be electrically connected through the standby layer.

14. A data transmission system, characterized in that, It includes the low-failure-rate switch according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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