Feed for soft-shelled turtles with macrostemon cablin as well as preparation method and application of feed

Abstract

The invention discloses a siraitia australis feed as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of aquaculture. The feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20-28 parts of fish meal, 14-22 parts of corn flour, 12-16 parts of clostridium ethanol protein, 10-14 parts of cottonseed protein concentrate, 8-12 parts of rice bran, 6-10 parts of tenebrio molitor powder, 2-6 parts of casein, 1-5 parts of chlorella powder, 1-3 parts of fish oil, 1-3 parts of soybean oil, 1-3 parts of a multi-vitamin multi-mineral premix and 0.5-1.5 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. Specific non-grain protein raw materials and easily available corn flour, rice bran and other raw materials are added into the feed to optimize the feed formula, the purposes of reducing cost and improving efficiency are achieved, and the developed special feed for the juvenile fishes of the onychostoma simachiae has the advantages that the special feed is suitable for the juvenile fishes of the onychostoma simachiae and the juvenile fishes of the onychostoma simachiae; the survival rate and the growth performance of the juvenile fishes of the onychostoma hirsutum are improved, and a solid foundation is laid for promoting resource protection, development and utilization of the onychostoma hirsutum.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, and specifically to a feed for Onychostoma barbatulum, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Onychostoma barbatulum is mainly distributed in the natural waters of the Duliu River, Wujiang River, Jinjiang River and Fanjing Mountain in Guizhou Province. Due to its delicious meat and rich nutrition, it occupies an important position in the regional fishery economy of Guizhou Province. With the expansion of the market demand for characteristic aquatic products, this species shows considerable market potential (the ready-to-eat fish market price is greater than 100 yuan per catty). However, in recent years, affected by hydropower development, the growth of tourism, and the sharp increase in market demand, its habitat has shrunk and the population has decreased sharply. It is urgent to achieve resource protection and sustainable utilization through artificial breeding.

[0003] Current research mostly focuses on the basic biology field, including directions such as growth characteristics and age identification, and observation of embryonic development. However, there are still significant deficiencies in the key industrialization links, especially in the large-scale cultivation of juvenile fish and the construction of a long-term breeding technology system.

[0004] Among them, the lag in the development of special feed formulations has become the core bottleneck restricting industrial development. Therefore, conducting research on the feed formulation and breeding technology system for juvenile Onychostoma barbatulum has important practical significance for realizing the virtuous cycle of ecological protection and economic benefits. In the existing breeding of juvenile Onychostoma barbatulum, the feed sources are mixed, the breeding cost is high, and the survival rate is low. For this reason, we propose a feed for Onychostoma barbatulum, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects, and provide a feed for Onychostoma barbatulum, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Prepare a feed suitable for juvenile Onychostoma barbatulum (55.3±1.9mg) and improve its breeding survival rate. By adding specific non-grain protein raw materials and easily obtainable raw materials such as corn flour and rice bran to the feed to optimize the feed formulation, the purpose of reducing costs and increasing efficiency can be achieved, and the problems in the background art can be effectively solved.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A feed for Onychostoma barbatulum, the raw materials of which include the following components by 100 parts by mass: 20-28 parts of fish meal, 14-22 parts of corn flour, 12-16 parts of Clostridium autoethanogenum protein, 10-14 parts of cottonseed protein concentrate, 8-12 parts of rice bran, 6-10 parts of Tenebrio molitor powder, 2-6 parts of casein, 1-5 parts of Chlorella powder, 1-3 parts of fish oil, 1-3 parts of soybean oil, 1-3 parts of multi-vitamin and multi-mineral premix, 0.5-1.5 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose.

[0007] Preferably, the feed raw materials for Onychostoma barbatulum in rough mustache include the following components by mass: 24 parts of fish meal, 18 parts of corn flour, 14 parts of Clostridium autoethanogenum protein, 12 parts of cottonseed protein concentrate, 10 parts of rice bran, 8 parts of Tenebrio molitor powder, 4 parts of casein, 3 parts of Chlorella powder, 2 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of soybean oil, 2 parts of multi-vitamin and multi-mineral premix, and 1 part of sodium carboxymethylcellulose.

[0008] Preferably, every 1000 g of the multi-vitamin and multi-mineral premix in the feed for Onychostoma barbatulum in rough mustache includes the following components: The multi-vitamin premix contains 2.1 mg of vitamin A, 5.5 mg of vitamin D3, 80 mg of vitamin E, 21 mg of vitamin K3, 12 mg of vitamin B1, 16 mg of vitamin B2, 16 mg of vitamin B6, 0.07 mg of vitamin B12, 5 mg of folic acid, 50 mg of D-calcium pantothenate, 76 mg of inositol, 60 mg of nicotinamide, 0.2 mg of D-biotin, and 210 mg of vitamin C; The multi-mineral premix contains 50 mg of magnesium, 45 mg of zinc, 22 mg of manganese, 186 mg of iron, 8.2 mg of copper, 2 mg of cobalt, 1.5 mg of iodine, 0.6 mg of selenium, and 19130.83 mg of limestone powder.

[0009] A preparation method of a feed for Onychostoma barbatulum in rough mustache includes the following steps: 1) Crushing: Crushing fish meal, corn flour, Clostridium autoethanogenum protein, cottonseed protein concentrate, rice bran, Tenebrio molitor powder, casein, Chlorella powder, multi-vitamin and multi-mineral premix, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose respectively through a crusher to make the particle size of all raw materials reach a suitable particle size and ensure uniform mixing; 2) Impurity removal: Conducting impurity removal treatment on the crushed raw materials, removing impurities through sieving, and ensuring the purity of the raw materials; 3) Premixing: Premixing the multi-vitamin premix, multi-mineral premix, fish oil, and soybean oil with part of the corn flour until they are uniformly dispersed; 4) Mixing: After accurately weighing the raw materials that have undergone impurity removal and premixing, gradually mixing various raw materials according to the principle of "from less to more" to ensure uniform mixing of all raw materials; 5) Pelleting: Selecting a pellet mill suitable for making pellet feed, choosing a ring die hole with a suitable aperture (1.5 mm), and putting the mixed material into the pellet mill for pelleting to obtain feed pellets; 6) Drying: Conducting drying treatment on the feed pellets through a hot air drying device; 7) Cooling: Cooling the dried feed pellets at room temperature to reduce the temperature of the feed pellets to near room temperature, reduce storage problems caused by high temperature, and improve the hardness and stability of the feed pellets; 8) Screening: Removing over-sized, under-sized, and broken feed pellets to ensure the specification consistency of the finished feed pellets; 9) Packaging: Use a packaging bag with good sealing performance to prevent the feed pellets from absorbing moisture and oxidizing and deteriorating during storage; 10) Storage: Place the packaged feed pellets in a 4°C freezer for storage to extend the shelf life of the feed.

[0010] Preferably, in step 1), the particle size of the crushed raw material can pass through an 80 - 100 mesh sieve.

[0011] Preferably, in step 6), the temperature during the drying treatment does not exceed 70°C, so that the moisture content of the feed is maintained at about 10%.

[0012] Preferably, during the flour milling process, the sieve mesh specification used in the flour mill is 40 - 100 meshes.

[0013] The present invention also provides the application of the Onychostoma barbatulum feed described above or the Onychostoma barbatulum feed prepared by the preparation method described above in the cultivation of juvenile Onychostoma barbatulum.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: formulating a feed suitable for juvenile Onychostoma barbatulum and improving its cultivation survival rate, optimizing the feed formula by adding specific non - grain protein raw materials and easily available raw materials such as corn flour and rice bran in the feed to achieve the purpose of cost reduction and efficiency increase, through the precise design and scientific ratio of nutritional components, the special feed for juvenile Onychostoma barbatulum developed has improved the survival rate and growth performance of juvenile Onychostoma barbatulum, laying a solid foundation for promoting the protection, development and utilization of Onychostoma barbatulum resources. Specific Embodiments

[0015] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0016] The present invention provides the following technical solution: A kind of Onychostoma barbatulum feed, the raw materials of which by mass parts include the following components: 20 - 28 parts of fish meal, 14 - 22 parts of corn flour, 12 - 16 parts of Clostridium autoethanogenum protein, 10 - 14 parts of cottonseed protein concentrate, 8 - 12 parts of rice bran, 6 - 10 parts of Tenebrio molitor powder, 2 - 6 parts of casein, 1 - 5 parts of Chlorella powder, 1 - 3 parts of fish oil, 1 - 3 parts of soybean oil, 1 - 3 parts of multi - vitamin and multi - mineral premix, 0.5 - 1.5 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose.

[0017] Each 1000 g of the multi - vitamin and multi - mineral premix in the Onychostoma barbatulum feed includes the following components: The multi-vitamin premix contains 2.1 mg of vitamin A, 5.5 mg of vitamin D3, 80 mg of vitamin E, 21 mg of vitamin K3, 12 mg of vitamin B1, 16 mg of vitamin B2, 16 mg of vitamin B6, 0.07 mg of vitamin B12, 5 mg of folic acid, 50 mg of D-calcium pantothenate, 76 mg of inositol, 60 mg of nicotinamide, 0.2 mg of D-biotin, and 210 mg of vitamin C; The multi-mineral premix contains 50 mg of magnesium, 45 mg of zinc, 22 mg of manganese, 186 mg of iron, 8.2 mg of copper, 2 mg of cobalt, 1.5 mg of iodine, 0.6 mg of selenium, and 19130.83 mg of limestone powder.

[0018] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the Onychostoma barbatulum feed, comprising the following steps: 1) Crushing: Crushing fish meal, corn flour, Clostridium autoethanogenum protein, cottonseed protein concentrate, rice bran, Tenebrio molitor powder, casein, Chlorella powder, multi-vitamin premix, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose respectively through a crusher to make the particle size of all raw materials reach a suitable diameter. The particle size of the crushed raw materials can pass through an 80-100 mesh sieve to ensure uniform mixing; 2) Impurity removal: Conduct impurity removal treatment on the crushed raw materials, and remove impurities by sieving to ensure the purity of the raw materials; 3) Premixing: Premix the multi-vitamin premix, multi-mineral premix, fish oil, and soybean oil with part of the corn flour until they are uniformly dispersed; 4) Mixing: Accurately weigh the raw materials that have undergone impurity removal and premixing, and then gradually mix various raw materials according to the principle of "from less to more" until all raw materials are uniformly mixed; 5) Pelleting: Select a pellet mill suitable for making pellet feed, choose a ring die hole with a suitable aperture (1.5 mm), and put the mixed material into the pellet mill for pelleting to obtain feed pellets; 6) Drying: Dry the feed pellets through a hot air drying device. During the drying process, the temperature does not exceed 70 °C to keep the moisture content of the feed at about 10%; 7) Cooling: Cool the dried feed pellets at room temperature to reduce the temperature of the feed pellets to near room temperature, reduce storage problems caused by high temperature, and improve the hardness and stability of the feed pellets; 8) Screening: Remove oversized, undersized, and broken feed pellets to ensure the consistency of the specifications of the finished feed pellets; 9) Packaging: Use a packaging bag with good sealing performance to prevent the feed pellets from absorbing moisture and oxidizing and deteriorating during storage; 10) Storage: Store the packaged feed pellets in a 4 °C freezer to extend the shelf life of the feed.

[0019] The application of the Onychostoma barbatulum feed provided by the present invention or the Onychostoma barbatulum feed prepared by the preparation method in the cultivation of juvenile Onychostoma barbatulum is as follows: The specific formula of the Onychostoma barbatulum feed in the present invention is as follows: Formula of the Onychostoma barbatulum feed: In this feed formula, the protein raw materials mainly come from fish meal, Clostridium autoethanogenum protein, cottonseed protein concentrate, Tenebrio molitor powder, casein, and Chlorella powder; the fat is provided by fish oil and soybean oil; the carbohydrate is mainly corn flour. The specific formula is as follows: Table 1 Feed formula and chemical composition (dry matter, g / kg) Ingredients Content Fish meal 240.0 Corn gluten meal 180.0 Ethanol clostridium protein 140.0 Cottonseed concentrated protein 120.0 Rice bran 100.0 Tenebrio molitor powder 80.0 Casein 40.0 Chlorella powder 30.0 Fish oil 20.0 Soybean oil 20.0 Vitamin and mineral premix 20.0 Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 10.0 Total 1000.0 Proximate composition Moisture 102.1 Crude protein 494.2 Crude lipid 95.1 The components and contents of the multi-vitamin and multi-mineral premix in Table 1 are as follows: The multi-vitamin premix contains 2.1 mg of vitamin A, 5.5 mg of vitamin D3, 80 mg of vitamin E, 21 mg of vitamin K3, 12 mg of vitamin B1, 16 mg of vitamin B2, 16 mg of vitamin B6, 0.07 mg of vitamin B12, 5 mg of folic acid, 50 mg of D-calcium pantothenate, 76 mg of inositol, 60 mg of nicotinamide, 0.2 mg of D-biotin, and 210 mg of vitamin C; The multi-mineral premix contains 50 mg of magnesium, 45 mg of zinc, 22 mg of manganese, 186 mg of iron, 8.2 mg of copper, 2 mg of cobalt, 1.5 mg of iodine, 0.6 mg of selenium, and 19130.83 mg of limestone powder.

[0020] The specific preparation method of the Onychostoma barbatulum feed in the present invention is as follows: Crush all raw materials through a sieve (above 80 mesh). Use fish meal, Clostridium autoethanogenum protein, cottonseed protein concentrate, Tenebrio molitor powder, casein, and Chlorella powder as protein sources and mix them according to the proportion in Table 1 as the main protein source. Add fish oil and soybean oil in equal proportions as the main fat source to prepare an experimental feed with a protein content of about 49.4% and a fat content of about 9.5%. After mixing, make 1.5 mm pellet feed and store it in a 4°C freezer. Specific steps: 1) Crushing: Crush raw materials such as fish meal, corn flour, Clostridium autoethanogenum protein, cottonseed protein concentrate, rice bran, Tenebrio molitor powder, casein, Chlorella powder, multi-vitamin and multi-mineral premix, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose respectively through a crusher to make the particle size of all raw materials reach a suitable diameter, requiring them to pass through an 80 - 100 mesh sieve to ensure uniform mixing; 2) Impurity removal: Conduct impurity removal treatment on the crushed raw materials, and remove possible impurities through sieving to ensure the purity of the raw materials; 3) Premixing: First, premix trace components such as the multi-vitamin and multi-mineral premix with some carrier such as corn flour until the trace components are evenly dispersed; 4) Mixing: Weigh the pre-treated and pre-mixed raw materials accurately according to the formula ratio, and then gradually mix various raw materials step by step based on the principle of "from less to more" until all raw materials are evenly mixed. 5) Pelleting: Select a pellet mill suitable for making pellet feed. According to the feed formula and finished product requirements, choose a ring die hole with an appropriate aperture (1.5 mm), and put the conditioned material into the pellet mill for pelleting. 6) Drying: Use a hot air drying equipment to dry the pellets (not exceeding 70 °C) so that the moisture content of the feed is maintained at about 10%. 7) Cooling: Cool the dried pellet feed at room temperature to reduce the pellet temperature to near room temperature, reduce storage problems caused by high temperature, and further improve the pellet hardness and stability. 8) Screening: Remove oversized, undersized and broken pellet feeds to ensure the specification consistency of the finished feed pellets. 9) Packaging: Use packaging bags with good sealing performance to prevent the feed pellets from absorbing moisture and oxidizing and deteriorating during storage. 10) Storage: Place the packaged feed pellets in a 4 °C freezer for storage to extend the shelf life of the feed.

[0021] Based on the above technical solutions, the present invention has prominent and positive effects: Through the precise design and scientific proportioning of nutritional components, the special feed for juvenile Onychostoma barbatulum has improved the survival rate and growth performance of juvenile Onychostoma barbatulum, laying a solid foundation for promoting the protection, development and utilization of Onychostoma barbatulum resources.

[0022] The application of the Onychostoma barbatulum feed prepared by the above technical solutions in the breeding of juvenile Onychostoma barbatulum is as follows: It is carried out in the reservoir of the Aquaculture Engineering Center of Tongren University, and the specific steps are as follows: (1) Selection of juvenile fish: Select healthy and injury-free juvenile Onychostoma barbatulum (55.3 ± 1.9 mg) from the same batch of breeding, and temporarily raise them in the flowing water net cage of the Aquaculture Engineering Center of Tongren University.

[0023] (2) Setting of the flowing water device: Fill the reservoir of the Aquaculture Engineering Center of Tongren University with water, sprinkle povidone iodine all over the pool for disinfection, and set up an 80-mesh green covered net cage with a length × width × height of 260 cm × 48 cm × 61 cm in the reservoir, and set a partition in the middle to prevent fry from mixing with each other.

[0024] A total of 9 cages were installed, with a cumulative of 18 grids. A perforated PVC water pipe connected to the water source was set above each grid, and the water flow could just fall into the grid, with a water output of about 2 L / min / grid. An outlet was set above each grid, with a total of 20 outlets, and the total flow rate of the reservoir was 40 L / min.

[0025] (3) Cage stocking: 9 nylon culture cages with a specification of (length × width × height: 260 cm × 48 cm × 61 cm) and 80 meshes were set in the culture pond, and each cage was evenly divided into two grids. Juvenile Onychostoma barbatulum were stocked at a rate of 20 tails per grid. A total of 360 juvenile Onychostoma barbatulum were stocked in 18 grids of 9 cages.

[0026] (4) Feeding management and water quality monitoring: During the entire culture period, apparent satiation feeding was carried out at 7:00 and 17:00 every day, and the daily feeding amount was recorded in detail.

[0027] During the experiment, the water temperature was 10 - 24 °C; the water flow was continuous except during feeding, and the total flow rate of the reservoir was 40 L / min. During the test period, the dissolved oxygen in the water body > 7 mg / L, pH was 6.5 - 7.5, ammonia nitrogen < 0.1 mg / L, and nitrite < 0.01 mg / L.

[0028] (5) Growth performance determination: The culture experiment was carried out from October 11, 2024 to January 14, 2025, for 95 days. After the experiment ended, all the fish were fasted for 24 h, then the fish in each cage were fished out, anesthetized, and then counted and weighed for the total weight. Randomly select 3 juvenile Onychostoma barbatulum from each cage, and measure their body length, weight and other indicators respectively.

[0029] Combining the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects: The design method of the supporting culture equipment of the present invention is scientific and reasonable (simulating its wild flowing water environment - micro-flowing water culture), easy to operate, and helps to standardize the subsequent culture process to improve the culture efficiency. Through experimental verification, using the feed and culture method of the present invention, the survival rate and growth performance of Onychostoma barbatulum have achieved better expectations.

[0030] Test example: (1)Experimental feed design: Using fish meal, Clostridium autoethanogenum protein, cottonseed protein concentrate, yellow mealworm powder, Chlorella powder, etc. as the main protein sources, fish oil and soybean oil as the fat sources, and corn flour as the carbohydrate supplement source, this experimental feed was designed. The specific formula and nutritional components are shown in Table 1 (per 1000 g): 240 g of fish meal; 180 g of corn flour; 140 g of Clostridium autoethanogenum protein; 120 g of cottonseed protein concentrate; 100 g of rice bran; 80 g of yellow mealworm powder; 40 g of casein; 30 g of Chlorella powder; 20 g of fish oil; 20 g of soybean oil; 20 g of multivitamin and mineral premix; 10 g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose.

[0031] (2)According to the above formula and the specific preparation method, it was processed into pellet feed with a diameter of 1.5 mm.

[0032] (3)Feeding process: According to the above application: After fasting the juvenile Onychostoma barbata for 24 h, 20 juvenile Onychostoma barbata with similar specifications and apparent health were weighed in each of the 18 grids, with a total of 360 fish.

[0033] All experimental fish were fed the self-made feed manually twice a day at 7:00 and 17:00 until they were apparently full. The daily feeding amount was recorded, and this continued for 95 days, and the feeding amount was recorded.

[0034] During the experiment, the water temperature was 10 - 24 °C; the water flow was continuous except during feeding, and the total flow rate of the reservoir was 40 L / min. During the experiment, the dissolved oxygen in the water body > 7 mg / L, pH was 6.5 - 7.5, ammonia nitrogen < 0.1 mg / L, nitrite < 0.01 mg / L, and data were recorded daily.

[0035] (4)Data determination and analysis: After the breeding experiment ended, all fish were fasted for 24 h, and the fish in each net cage were fished out separately, counted and weighed after anesthesia.

[0036] Randomly select 3 Onychostoma barbata from each net cage, and measure the growth indexes such as body length and body weight respectively, and analyze them using Prism 8.0.1.

[0037] The experimental results are shown in Table 2: Table 2 Effects of feed formula and breeding method on the growth traits of juvenile Onychostoma barbata Index Value ± standard deviation Initial weight (mg / fish) 55.3±1.9 Final weight (mg / fish) 528.3±46.6 Survival rate (%) 99.4±0.0 Weight gain rate (%) 857.1±95.4 Specific growth rate (% / d) 2.4±0.1 Condition factor (%) 1.1±0.2 Feed efficiency (%) 37.4±3.7 It can be seen from the experimental results in Table 2 that as the core link of aquaculture, the environmental regulation and nutritional supply of juvenile fish cultivation directly affect the aquaculture effect.

[0038] Based on the biological characteristics of young thick-whiskered white turtles, this study innovatively constructed a micro-flow aquaculture system and developed special feed (crude protein 49.4%, crude fat 9.5%). Through a 95-day breeding experiment, it was confirmed for the first time that this fish species showed good environmental adaptability (survival rate>99%) and a stable growth trend (specific growth rate 2.4±0.1, % / d) under artificial feeding conditions.

[0039] The research results not only verified the feasibility of its breeding technology, but also provided key parameter support for the construction of a standardized breeding system, which has important practical value for promoting the industrialization of my country's characteristic economic fish. It shows that the feed formula and breeding method of the thick-whiskered white softshell turtle are feasible.

[0040] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A feed for Onychostoma barbatulum, characterized in that, Its raw materials include the following components by mass parts: 20 - 28 parts of fish meal, 14 - 22 parts of corn flour, 12 - 16 parts of Clostridium autoethanogenum protein, 10 - 14 parts of cottonseed protein concentrate, 8 - 12 parts of rice bran, 6 - 10 parts of yellow mealworm powder, 2 - 6 parts of casein, 1 - 5 parts of Chlorella powder, 1 - 3 parts of fish oil, 1 - 3 parts of soybean oil, 1 - 3 parts of multi - vitamin and multi - mineral premix, 0.5 - 1.5 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

2. The rough-bearded Onychostoma alticorpus feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: Its raw materials include the following components by mass parts: 24 parts of fish meal, 18 parts of corn flour, 14 parts of Clostridium autoethanogenum protein, 12 parts of cottonseed protein concentrate, 10 parts of rice bran, 8 parts of yellow mealworm powder, 4 parts of casein, 3 parts of Chlorella powder, 2 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of soybean oil, 2 parts of multi - vitamin and multi - mineral premix, 1 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

3. The rough barb (Onychostoma barbatulum) feed according to claim 2, characterized in that: In every 1000g of the feed for Onychostoma barbatulum, the multi - vitamin and multi - mineral premix includes the following components: The multi - vitamin premix contains 2.1mg of vitamin A, 5.5mg of vitamin D3, 80mg of vitamin E, 21mg of vitamin K3, 12mg of vitamin B1, 16mg of vitamin B2, 16mg of vitamin B6, 0.07mg of vitamin B12, 5mg of folic acid, 50mg of D - calcium pantothenate, 76mg of inositol, 60mg of nicotinamide, 0.2mg of D - biotin, 210mg of vitamin C; The multi - mineral premix contains 50mg of magnesium, 45mg of zinc, 22mg of manganese, 186mg of iron, 8.2mg of copper, 2mg of cobalt, 1.5mg of iodine, 0.6mg of selenium, 19130.83mg of limestone powder.

4. The preparation method of the Onychostoma barbatulum feed according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: 1) Crushing: Crush fish meal, corn flour, Clostridium autoethanogenum protein, cottonseed protein concentrate, rice bran, yellow mealworm powder, casein, Chlorella powder, multi - vitamin and multi - mineral premix, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose respectively through a crusher to make the particle size of all raw materials reach a suitable diameter, ensuring uniform mixing; 2) Impurity removal: Conduct impurity removal treatment on the crushed raw materials, and remove impurities by sieving to ensure the purity of the raw materials; 3) Premixing: Premix the multi - vitamin and multi - mineral premix, fish oil and soybean oil with part of the corn flour until they are uniformly dispersed; 4) Mixing: Weigh the raw materials that have been subjected to impurity removal and premixing accurately according to the ratio, and then gradually mix various raw materials according to the principle of "from less to more" until all raw materials are uniformly mixed; 5) Pelleting: Select a pellet mill suitable for making pellet feed, choose a ring die hole with a suitable aperture (1.5mm), and put the mixed material into the pellet mill for pelleting to obtain feed pellets; 6) Drying: Conduct drying treatment on the feed pellets through a hot - air drying device; 7) Cooling: Cool the dried feed pellets at room temperature to reduce the temperature of the feed pellets to near room temperature, reduce storage problems caused by excessive temperature, and improve the hardness and stability of the feed pellets; 8) Screening: Remove over - sized, under - sized and broken feed pellets to ensure the specification consistency of the finished feed pellets; 9) Packaging: Use packaging bags with good sealing performance to prevent the feed pellets from absorbing moisture and oxidizing and deteriorating during storage; 10) Storage: Place the packaged feed pellets in a 4°C freezer for storage to extend the shelf life of the feed.

5. The preparation method of a Varicorhinus barbatulus (Pellegrin) feed according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 1), the particle size of the crushed raw material can pass through an 80-100 mesh sieve.

6. The preparation method of a Onychostoma barbatulum feed according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 6), the temperature during the drying treatment does not exceed 70 °C, so that the moisture content of the feed is maintained at about 10%.

7. Application of the Onychostoma barbatulum feed according to any one of claims 1-3 or the Onychostoma barbatulum feed prepared by the preparation method according to claim 4 or 5 or 6 in the cultivation of juvenile Onychostoma barbatulum.