Rail transit vehicle air filter

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of air filtering, in particular to a rail transit vehicle air filter which comprises a filtering device, the filtering device comprises a bottom frame, a cover cap and a filtering silk screen, and the filtering silk screen is installed in a frame formed by the bottom frame and the cover cap; a flange extending upwards is arranged on the outer edge of the periphery of the bottom frame, and one side edge of the cover cap is rotationally connected with one side of the flange through a pair of hinges. A pair of U-shaped buckles is rotationally connected to the side edge, away from the hinge, of the cover cap, and the U-shaped buckles are used for locking the cover cap to the bottom frame; the bottom frame, the cover cap and the filter screen mesh are all made of stainless steel materials. The core problems of cleaning, fire prevention, durability and the like in the prior art are effectively solved, and meanwhile the advantages of modular upgrading and low-cost maintenance are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air filtration, and particularly to an air filter for rail transit vehicles. Background Art

[0002] The air outlet filtration device of rail transit vehicles is an important component to ensure the air cleanliness and passenger comfort in the carriages. Currently, the common filtration devices on the market mostly use materials such as fabric, fiberglass, or polypropylene (PP) to make the filter mesh, and use PVC material to make the frame. Although these materials have certain filtration performance, there are still obvious defects in actual applications.

[0003] Firstly, it is difficult to clean and maintain. The surface structures of fabric and fiberglass materials are complex, and they are prone to adsorbing dust and microorganisms. It is difficult to completely remove pollutants during cleaning, and it often requires frequent disassembly or replacement, increasing the operation and maintenance costs.

[0004] Secondly, the cleaning cycle is short. Due to the limited dust-holding capacity of the materials and the tendency to clog, in the high-passenger flow environment of rail transit, the filtration device needs to be cleaned or replaced frequently, affecting the operation efficiency.

[0005] Thirdly, the fire resistance is insufficient. The flame retardancy of traditional materials (such as PP and some fabrics) is poor, and they may assist combustion in the event of a vehicle fire, not meeting the strict fire safety standards of rail transit.

[0006] Finally, the weather resistance and durability are poor. Under the working conditions of high-speed operation and high-frequency vibration, the existing materials are prone to structural fatigue, fracture, or deformation, resulting in a decrease in filtration efficiency and a significant shortening of the service life.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of air outlet filtration device that, while maintaining high filtration performance, has the characteristics of easy cleaning, long life, high flame retardancy, and excellent mechanical stability to adapt to the harsh operating environment of rail transit. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an air filter for rail transit vehicles to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] An air filter for rail transit vehicles, including a filtration device: the filtration device includes a bottom frame, a cover, and a filter screen, and the filter screen is installed within the frame formed by the bottom frame and the cover; upwardly extending retaining edges are provided on the outer edges of the four sides of the bottom frame, and one side edge of the cover is rotatably connected to one side of the retaining edge through a pair of hinges; a pair of U-shaped buckles are rotatably connected to the side edge of the cover away from the hinges, and the U-shaped buckles are used to lock the cover onto the bottom frame; the bottom frame, the cover, and the filter screen are all made of stainless steel material.

[0011] Furthermore, the surfaces of the bottom frame, the cover and the filter screen are all polished and wire-drawn.

[0012] Furthermore, the filter screen is made by compressing multiple layers of wire meshes with different wire diameters, and the wire meshes with different wire diameters are arranged in the order from thick to thin, from the air inlet surface to the air outlet surface.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom frame, the cover and the U-shaped buckle are all formed by punching and bending in one step.

[0014] Furthermore, a rail transit vehicle air filter further includes a self-cleaning device: the self-cleaning device is arranged inside the filter screen, and the self-cleaning device includes a row of strip-shaped semiconductor refrigeration chips. The centers of the short sides on both sides of a row of semiconductor refrigeration chips are respectively hinged to the side rods on both sides. One ends of the short sides on both sides of a row of semiconductor refrigeration chips are both hinged to a connecting rod. The connecting rod is driven to swing by a flip control electric telescopic rod. Mounting seats are arranged at the same-side ends of the connecting rod and the side rod. Both ends of the flip control electric telescopic rod are respectively hinged to the mounting seat of the connecting rod and the mounting seat of the side rod through hinge seats; the filtering device is installed slightly inclined, and a drain hole is arranged on the baffle at the lowest side of the bottom frame position, and a drain pipe is connected to the drain hole.

[0015] Furthermore, three connecting seats are arranged outside the side rod. The middle connecting seat is connected to the end of the core rod of the lifting electric telescopic rod. Guide columns are connected to the connecting seats on both sides. The guide columns are slidably installed in the column sleeves. The column sleeve base and the lifting electric telescopic rod base are both fixedly installed in the vehicle air outlet duct.

[0016] Furthermore, both sides of the semiconductor refrigeration chip are waterproof and sealed structures.

[0017] Furthermore, the semiconductor refrigeration chip is a single-stage refrigeration chip, and the lowest temperature of the cold surface of the semiconductor refrigeration chip can reach below -5°C.

[0018] Furthermore, an electric heating wire is installed on the hot surface of the semiconductor refrigeration chip, and a heat insulation structure is arranged between the electric heating wire and the hot surface of the semiconductor refrigeration chip.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. The present invention uses a multi-layer stainless steel gradient filtration structure, and realizes hierarchical interception by using stainless steel wire meshes arranged from thick to thin. This not only ensures the preliminary filtration of large particles but also effectively captures fine particles, meeting international filtration standards. The all-stainless-steel material has excellent fireproof performance and mechanical strength, fully meeting the strict safety requirements of rail transit. The detachable frame design facilitates maintenance or upgrade. Through the selection of stainless-steel material for the filtration wire mesh, the gradient filtration structure, and the structure of the frame, the present invention effectively solves the core problems such as cleaning, fireproofing, and durability in the prior art, and at the same time has the advantages of modular upgrade and low-cost maintenance.

[0021] 2. The present invention adopts a cold and hot alternating self-cleaning technology. By adsorbing pollutants through refrigeration and frosting and then heating and defrosting for flushing, it realizes the full-automatic cleaning of the filtration system, can complete high-efficiency dust removal without manual intervention, and the intelligent self-cleaning system significantly extends the maintenance cycle and reduces the operation cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the filtration device;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram when the cover of the filtration device is opened;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram when the cover of the filtration device is opened and the filtration wire mesh is taken out;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the filtration wire mesh;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the filtration device and the self-cleaning device;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the self-cleaning device;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the self-cleaning device and its lifting mechanism;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the self-cleaning device and its flipping mechanism;

[0030] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram when the cold surface of the semiconductor refrigeration chip faces upward;

[0031] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram when the cold surface of the semiconductor refrigeration chip faces downward.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Filter device; 2. Bottom frame; 3. Edge guard; 4. Cover; 5. U-shaped buckle; 6. Hinge; 7. Filter screen; 8. Self-cleaning device; 9. Semiconductor refrigeration sheet; 10. Side rod; 11. Link rod; 12. Mounting seat; 14. Flip control electric telescopic rod; 15. Lifting electric telescopic rod; 16. Column sleeve; 17. Guide post; 18. Connecting seat; 19. Drain pipe. Specific implementation mode

[0033] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] Embodiment 1: Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , a rail transit vehicle air filter, including a filter device 1: The filter device 1 includes a bottom frame 2, a cover 4 and a filter screen 7. The filter screen 7 is installed in the frame formed by the bottom frame 2 and the cover 4; A upwardly extending edge guard 3 is provided on the outer edge of the four sides of the bottom frame 2, and one side of the cover 4 is rotatably connected to one side of the edge guard 3 through a pair of hinges 6; A pair of U-shaped buckles 5 are rotatably connected to the side of the cover 4 away from the hinge 6, and the U-shaped buckles 5 are used to lock the cover 4 on the bottom frame 2; The bottom frame 2, the cover 4 and the filter screen 7 are all made of stainless steel.

[0035] The surfaces of the bottom frame 2, the cover 4 and the filter screen 7 are all polished and brushed.

[0036] The filter screen 7 is made by compressing multi-layer wire meshes with different wire diameters, and the wire meshes with different wire diameters are arranged in the order from thick to thin from the air inlet surface to the air outlet surface.

[0037] The bottom frame 2, the cover 4 and the U-shaped buckles 5 are all formed by punching and bending in one step.

[0038] The working principle of this embodiment:

[0039] In this embodiment, the filter screen 7 is compressed and synthesized by multiple layers of 304 stainless steel wire meshes with different wire diameters (selectable from 0.5 mm to 0.001 mm), arranged in the order from thick to thin (from the air inlet surface to the air outlet surface), forming a gradient interception structure. When air flows through, large particles are captured by the thick wire diameter layer, and small particles are adsorbed by the thin wire diameter layer, achieving hierarchical filtration (meeting the ISO 16890-2016 standard). The bottom frame 2 and the cover 4 form a quickly openable and closable sealed frame through the hinge 6 and the U-shaped buckle 5. The punching, bending and one-time forming process ensures the structural strength and adapts to the high-frequency vibration environment of the vehicle. Due to the non-adhesive property of the steel wire of the filter screen 7, the loss of air volume passing through is minimized, and the purification effect is achieved at the air outlet surface; the non-combustible property of the 304 stainless steel material of the filter element is superior to any non-metallic filter, thus fundamentally ensuring the strict fire prevention requirements of the rail vehicle industry. Users can directly wash the filter screen 7 with high-pressure water against the air flow direction (from the air outlet surface to the air inlet surface). The non-adhesive property of the stainless steel material makes the pollutants easy to fall off, and the cleaning can be completed without disassembly. The bottom frame 2 and the cover 4 are rotatably connected and locked by the U-shaped buckle 5, which is convenient for maintaining or upgrading the filter screen 7.

[0040] Through the selection of the stainless steel material of the filter screen, the gradient filtration structure, and the structure of the frame in this embodiment, the core problems such as cleaning, fire prevention, and durability in the prior art are effectively solved, and at the same time, it has the advantages of modular upgrade and low-cost maintenance.

[0041] Embodiment 2: Please refer to Figures 5 to 10 , a rail transit vehicle air filter, which is different from Embodiment 1 in that a rail transit vehicle air filter further includes a self-cleaning device 8: The self-cleaning device 8 is arranged inside the filter screen 7. The self-cleaning device 8 includes a row of strip-shaped structure semiconductor refrigeration sheets 9. The centers of the short sides on both sides of a row of semiconductor refrigeration sheets 9 are respectively hinged on the side rods 10 on both sides. One ends of the short sides on both sides of a row of semiconductor refrigeration sheets 9 are both hinged on the connecting rod 11. The connecting rod 11 is driven to swing by the flipping control electric telescopic rod 14. Mounting seats 12 are provided at the same-side ends of the connecting rod 11 and the side rod 10. The two ends of the flipping control electric telescopic rod 14 are respectively hinged on the mounting seat 12 of the connecting rod 11 and the mounting seat 12 of the side rod 10 through hinge seats; The filtering device 1 is installed slightly inclined, and a drain hole is provided on the retaining edge 3 at the lowest position of the bottom frame 2, and a drain pipe 19 is connected to the drain hole.

[0042] Three connecting seats 18 are provided on the outer side of the side rod 10. The middle connecting seat 18 is connected to the end of the core rod of the lifting electric telescopic rod 15. Guide columns 17 are connected to the two side connecting seats 18. The guide columns 17 are slidably installed in the column sleeves 16. The bases of the column sleeves 16 and the base of the lifting electric telescopic rod 15 are both fixedly installed in the vehicle air outlet duct.

[0043] Both sides of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 9 are of a waterproof and sealed structure.

[0044] The semiconductor refrigeration sheet 9 is a single-stage refrigeration sheet, and the lowest temperature of the cold surface of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 9 can reach below -5°C.

[0045] An electric heating wire is installed on the hot surface of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 9, and a heat insulation structure is provided between the electric heating wire and the hot surface of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 9.

[0046] The working principle of this embodiment:

[0047] Initial state, non-cleaning period:

[0048] The semiconductor refrigeration sheet 9 is parallel to the air outlet direction to avoid affecting normal ventilation. The lifting electric telescopic rod 15 is in a contracted state, so that the self-cleaning device 8 keeps a certain distance from the filter screen 7 to reduce wind resistance.

[0049] Cleaning mode start:

[0050] Step 1: The semiconductor refrigeration sheet 9 is flipped so that the cold surface faces the filter screen 7. The flipping control electric telescopic rod 14 pushes the connecting rod 11, so that a row of semiconductor refrigeration sheets 9 rotates around the side rod 10, and the cold surface (below -5°C) faces the filter screen 7. The lifting electric telescopic rod 15 extends, pushing the self-cleaning device 8 to rise, so that the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 9 is close to the filter screen 7. Water vapor in the air condenses into frost on the surface of the filter screen 7, and at the same time, the adsorbed dust particles are frozen in the frost layer.

[0051] Step 2: The semiconductor refrigeration sheet 9 is flipped so that the hot surface faces the filter screen 7. The flipping control electric telescopic rod 14 acts in the reverse direction, so that the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 9 rotates 180°, and the hot surface with heating function faces the filter screen 7. The hot surface heating causes the frost layer to melt quickly, forming a water flow, flushing the surface of the filter screen 7, and taking away the frozen pollutants. Since the filtering device 1 is inclinedly installed, the melted sewage flows along the baffle 3 to the drain hole and is discharged through the drain pipe 19.

[0052] Cleaning completed:

[0053] The lifting electric telescopic rod 15 retracts, the self-cleaning device 8 descends and resets, and the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 9 returns to be parallel to the air outlet direction, and the system resumes normal ventilation.

[0054] This embodiment realizes automatic cleaning without manual intervention, and is especially suitable for the operation environment of rail transit with high frequency and high dust.

Claims

1. An air filter for rail transit vehicles, characterized in that, Including a filtering device (1): The filtering device (1) includes a bottom frame (2), a cover (4) and a filter wire mesh (7), and the filter wire mesh (7) is installed within the frame formed by the bottom frame (2) and the cover (4); The outer edge of the four sides of the bottom frame (2) is provided with upwardly protruding retaining edges (3), and one side edge of the cover (4) is rotatably connected to one side of the retaining edge (3) through a pair of hinges (6); on the side edge of the cover (4) away from the hinge (6), a pair of U-shaped buckles (5) are rotatably connected, and the U-shaped buckles (5) are used to lock the cover (4) onto the bottom frame (2); The bottom frame (2), the cover (4) and the filter wire mesh (7) are all made of stainless steel.

2. The air filter for a rail transit vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfaces of the bottom frame (2), the cover (4) and the filter wire mesh (7) are all treated by polishing and wire drawing.

3. The air filter for rail transit vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter wire mesh (7) is made by compressing multiple layers of wire meshes with different wire diameters, and the wire meshes with different wire diameters are arranged in the order from thick to thin from the air inlet surface to the air outlet surface.

4. The air filter for rail transit vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom frame (2), the cover (4) and the U-shaped buckles (5) are all formed by punching and bending in one step.

5. The air filter for rail transit vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also including a self-cleaning device (8): The self-cleaning device (8) is arranged inside the filter wire mesh (7), and the self-cleaning device (8) includes a row of strip-shaped thermoelectric coolers (9). The centers of the short sides on both sides of a row of thermoelectric coolers (9) are respectively hinged to the side rods (10) on both sides. One ends of the short sides on both sides of a row of thermoelectric coolers (9) are both hinged to a connecting rod (11). The connecting rod (11) is driven to swing by a flipping control electric telescopic rod (14). Mounting seats (12) are provided at the same-side ends of the connecting rod (11) and the side rod (10). The two ends of the flipping control electric telescopic rod (14) are respectively hinged to the mounting seats (12) of the connecting rod (11) and the mounting seats (12) of the side rod (10) through hinge seats; The filtering device (1) is installed slightly inclined, and a drain hole is provided on the retaining edge (3) at the lowest position of the bottom frame (2), and a drain pipe (19) is connected to the drain hole.

6. The air filter for rail transit vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: Three connecting seats (18) are provided outside the side rod (10). The middle connecting seat (18) is connected to the end of the core rod of the lifting electric telescopic rod (15). Guide posts (17) are connected to the connecting seats (18) on both sides. The guide posts (17) are slidably installed in the bushings (16). The bases of the bushings (16) and the base of the lifting electric telescopic rod (15) are both fixedly installed in the vehicle air outlet duct.

7. The air filter for rail transit vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both sides of the thermoelectric cooler (9) are of a waterproof and sealed structure.

8. The air filter for rail transit vehicles according to claim 5, wherein: The thermoelectric cooler (9) is a single-stage cooler, and the lowest temperature of the cold surface of the thermoelectric cooler (9) can reach below -5°C.

9. The air filter for rail transit vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: An electric heating wire is installed on the hot surface of the thermoelectric cooler (9), and a heat insulation structure is provided between the electric heating wire and the hot surface of the thermoelectric cooler (9).

Images