Low-pressure-drop uniform-spraying biological trickling filter deodorization device

Abstract

The invention provides a low-pressure-drop uniform-spraying biological trickling filter deodorization device, and belongs to the technical field of waste gas purification. The device comprises a bottom tank, an air compressor, a circulating liquid tank and a filter material, and further comprises a hydraulic stirring assembly, a gradient spraying assembly and a scraping cleaning assembly, the first-area spraying rod and the second-area spraying rod are used for spraying according to the microorganism requirements of different reaction tanks respectively, so that the spraying requirements of different layers in the whole reaction tanks are met, and the utilization efficiency of a nutrient solution is improved; the rotation of the gradient spraying assembly not only enables the distribution of a nutrient solution to be more uniform, but also promotes the full contact of odor and a filter material, so that the degradation efficiency of microorganisms is improved, and the dynamic spraying mode is beneficial to improving the purification effect of the whole biological trickling filter; the scraping cleaning assembly and the gradient spraying assembly work cooperatively, dredging and cleaning of the filter plate are achieved, it is guaranteed that the microbial film is fully supported by nutrients, and the operation efficiency of the whole waste gas treatment system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste gas purification, and more specifically, to a deodorization device for a biological trickling filter with low pressure drop and uniform spraying. Background Art

[0002] The odor components in livestock and poultry farms are relatively complex, with more than 300 volatile organic compounds and malodorous compounds. Generally, ammonia is considered the main source of odor in farms. It is an irritating gas with a strong odor and causes great harm to humans and the environment. In addition, substances such as proteins and amino acids in livestock and poultry manure and the sewage for flushing the breeding houses will generate sulfur-containing compounds with unpleasant odors such as hydrogen sulfide and dimethyl sulfide through bacterial digestion and degradation. Hydrogen sulfide is a highly toxic and irritating malodorous gas, and dimethyl sulfide is insoluble in water and highly volatile, with an extremely low odor threshold (3.0 ppbv). There have been early reports on the study of using biological trickling filters to treat one or several of the above three gases, but generally they are aimed at high-concentration waste gases in industrial production, and the residence time of waste gases in the reactor is generally long; while the research on low-concentration and large-volume waste gases specifically in livestock and poultry farms is relatively less.

[0003] After retrieval, it is found that the prior art has the following disadvantages in the purification test of simulating the odor of livestock and poultry farms: First, the multi-stage reaction tank design adopted by the existing system aims to enhance the purification effect through step-by-step treatment. However, since the gas is introduced from the bottom and the nutrient solution is mainly sprayed from the top, this design makes the contact between the gas and the nutrient solution mainly concentrated in the upper region of the reaction tank. Although the top spraying method is easy to operate, it often results in insufficient nutrient support for the filter media and microbial membranes in the middle and lower regions, especially in the bottom region, which directly affects the activity of microorganisms in these regions and their degradation ability of pollutants, and thus causes significant differences and unevenness in the purification efficiency within the entire reaction tank; Second, after long-term operation, as a key component, the surface of the filter plate will gradually accumulate waste products, dead cells, residual nutrient solution and other impurities generated by microbial metabolism. These substances not only occupy the effective pores of the filter plate, reducing its permeability, but may also form biofilms or scale, further hindering the flow of gas and nutrient solution. The blockage of the filter plate will not only increase the intake resistance of the gas, affecting the intake efficiency of the system, but also reduce the effective contact area between microorganisms and the odor gas, thereby reducing the overall purification effect. If not cleaned in time, this blockage phenomenon will become more and more serious, and ultimately may lead to a significant decline in the performance of the entire system.

[0004] How to invent a deodorization device for a biological trickling filter with low pressure drop and uniform spraying to solve these problems has become an urgent problem for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to make up for the above shortcomings, the present invention provides a low pressure drop uniform spraying bio-trickling filter deodorization device, which aims to solve the problems mentioned in the above background.

[0006] The present invention is achieved in that: The present invention provides a low-pressure drop uniform spraying biological trickling filter deodorizing device, comprising a bottom tank, an air compressor, a circulating liquid tank and filter material, wherein a mounting plate is mounted on the top of the circulating liquid tank, the circulating liquid tank is filled with nutrient solution, a peristaltic pump and a reaction chamber are mounted on the mounting plate, the reaction chamber is composed of a bottom tank, a primary reaction tank, a secondary reaction tank and a top tank, wherein the bottom tank is located at the bottom of the reaction chamber and is fixed to the mounting plate, the primary reaction tank, the secondary reaction tank and the top tank are sequentially mounted above the bottom tank, filter plates are arranged between the primary reaction tank and the secondary reaction tank, and between the bottom tank and the primary reaction tank and are separated by the filter plates, the tops of the two filter plates are respectively filled with a plurality of filter materials, and further comprising: Hydraulic shifting assembly: The hydraulic shifting assembly is arranged inside the reaction chamber, and the hydraulic shifting assembly increases the contact between the gas and the filter material according to the flow of the nutrient solution; Gradient spray assembly: The gradient spray assembly is arranged inside the hydraulic driving assembly, and the gradient spray assembly can spray different layers of filter materials with different intensities; Scraping and cleaning component: The scraping and cleaning component is arranged on the filter plate, and the scraping and cleaning component clears and cleans the filter plate under the joint action of the hydraulic driving component and the gradient spraying component.

[0007] Preferably, the ends of the peristaltic pump are respectively connected to a suction pipe and a discharge pipe, the end of the suction pipe extends to the inside of the circulating liquid tank, the end of the discharge pipe penetrates the side wall of the top tank and extends to the inside of the top tank, one end of the air compressor is connected to an air inlet pipe, and the other end is connected to an odor input device, the end of the air inlet pipe penetrates the side wall of the bottom tank and extends to the inside of the bottom tank, the end of the discharge pipe located inside the top tank is through-connected to a liquid collecting hopper, a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the bottom tank, an exhaust port is provided at the top of the top tank, and the side walls of the primary reaction tank and the secondary reaction tank are both provided with gas sampling ports and filter material sampling ports.

[0008] Preferably, the filter material is polyester amine foaming balls, the filter material uses activated sludge biofilm to start the biological trickling filter, and the filter material is filled between the corresponding filter plate and the gas sampling port.

[0009] Preferably, the hydraulic actuation assembly includes a transmission shaft, a two-zone spray rod and a one-zone spray rod, a bracket is fixedly installed at the connection between the drain pipe and the liquid collecting bucket, the top of the transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the bracket, the transmission shaft and the inner cavity of the liquid collecting bucket are rotatably connected, and a transmission blade is fixedly installed on the transmission shaft located inside the liquid collecting bucket, the transmission shaft passes through the bottom wall of the liquid collecting bucket and the end thereof is fixedly connected to the liquid guide bucket, and the top of the two-zone spray rod and the one-zone spray rod are fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid guide bucket.

[0010] Preferably, the transmission blades are made of inclined light material, the second zone spray rod and the first zone spray rod are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the liquid guide bucket, the second zone spray rod and the first zone spray rod are composed of multiple sections of U-shaped tubes welded in an interlaced manner, and the middle of the filter plate is provided with a through hole for the second zone spray rod and the first zone spray rod to rotate.

[0011] Preferably, the gradient spray assembly includes a liquid inlet, which is located in the middle of the transmission shaft and close to the bottom of the liquid collecting bucket. The transmission shaft, liquid guiding bucket, two-zone spray rod, and one-zone spray rod located below the liquid inlet are all hollow. The end of the liquid inlet passes through the outer wall and inner cavity side wall of the transmission shaft, and the cavity of the transmission shaft is connected to the liquid guiding bucket, two-zone spray rod, and one-zone spray rod.

[0012] Preferably, the cross bar of the second zone spray rod located inside the secondary reaction tank is provided with a plurality of nozzles equidistantly downwardly, and the second zone spray rod located inside the primary reaction tank is a closed arrangement; the first zone spray rod located inside the secondary reaction tank is a closed arrangement, and the cross bar of the first zone spray rod located inside the primary reaction tank is provided with a plurality of nozzles equidistantly downwardly.

[0013] Preferably, the scraping and cleaning assembly includes a turntable, which is rotatably engaged with the through hole in the middle of the filter plate, and is provided with a through groove for the second-zone spray rod and the first-zone spray rod to pass through. The turntable rotates on the filter plate through the rotation of the second-zone spray rod and the first-zone spray rod, and scrapers are symmetrically installed on the upper and lower sides of the turntable, and the gap between the end of the scraper and the inner wall of the primary reaction tank and the secondary reaction tank is small. A soft brush is provided on the side wall of the scraper facing the filter plate, and the end of the soft brush is against the side wall of the filter plate.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The gradient spraying assembly ensures the precise and efficient spraying of nutrient solution in different reaction tanks through preset flow paths and hydraulic gradient control. The spraying rods in Zone 1 and Zone 2 spray respectively according to the microbial requirements of different reaction tanks, and the nozzle design on the spraying rods enables the filter media and microbial film at the bottom to receive more nutrient support, while the upper layer is appropriately supplemented, thus meeting the spraying requirements at different levels within the entire reaction tank and improving the utilization efficiency of the nutrient solution. The rotation of the gradient spraying assembly not only makes the nutrient solution distribution more uniform but also promotes the full contact between the odor gas and the filter media, increasing the degradation substrates of pollutants by microorganisms and thus improving the degradation efficiency of microorganisms. This dynamic spraying method helps to enhance the purification effect of the entire biological trickling filter.

[0015] 2. The scraping and cleaning assembly rotates the turntable and the scraper, and uses a soft brush to dredge and clean the filter plate, effectively removing the impurities and microbial metabolites attached to the filter plate and maintaining the permeability of the filter plate. This automatic dredging and cleaning mechanism reduces the need for manual intervention, improves the operating stability and air intake efficiency of the system; the coordinated operation of the spraying assembly and the scraping and cleaning assembly not only ensures that the microbial film receives sufficient nutrient support but also maintains the good condition of the filter plate. The two complement each other and jointly improve the overall operating efficiency of the waste gas treatment system.

[0016] 3. The entire system drives the rotation of the spraying assembly and the scraping and cleaning assembly through hydraulic power, without the need for external power supply, reducing energy consumption and operating costs. At the same time, the pollutants in the waste gas are treated through biodegradation, achieving environmentally friendly emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-pressure-drop uniform spraying biological trickling filter deodorization device during operation provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic overall structural diagram of a low-pressure-drop uniform spraying biological trickling filter deodorization device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the reaction chamber of a low-pressure-drop uniform spraying biological trickling filter deodorization device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic front cross-sectional structural diagram of a low-pressure-drop uniform spraying biological trickling filter deodorization device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a low-pressure-drop uniform spraying biological trickling filter deodorization device provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 and is a schematic enlarged structure diagram at position A in Figure 6 It is a low-pressure-drop uniform spraying biological trickling filter deodorization device provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 and is a schematic enlarged structure diagram at position B in

[0019] In the figure: 1, bottom tank; 2, air compressor; 3, liquid collecting hopper; 4, circulating liquid tank; 5, peristaltic pump; 6, gas sampling port; 7, transmission shaft; 8, spray rod in the second zone; 9, filter plate; 10, filter material; 11, liquid discharge port; 12, primary reaction tank; 13, secondary reaction tank; 14, top tank; 21, intake pipe; 41, mounting plate; 51, liquid extraction pipe; 52, liquid discharge pipe; 61, filter material sampling port; 71, liquid inlet; 72, driving paddle; 73, bracket; 74, liquid guiding hopper; 81, spray rod in the first zone; 82, spray nozzle; 91, turntable; 92, scraper; 141, exhaust port. Specific Embodiments

[0020] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1. Referring to Figures 1 - 4 , a low-pressure-drop uniform spraying biological trickling filter deodorization device includes a bottom tank 1, an air compressor 2, a circulating liquid tank 4 and a filter material 10. A mounting plate 41 is installed on the top of the circulating liquid tank 4. The circulating liquid tank 4 is filled with nutrient solution to provide necessary moisture and nutrients for microorganisms and at the same time carry away the waste generated by microbial metabolism. A peristaltic pump 5 and a reaction chamber are installed on the mounting plate 41. The reaction chamber is composed of a bottom tank 1, a primary reaction tank 12, a secondary reaction tank 13 and a top tank 14. Among them, the bottom tank 1 is located at the bottom of the reaction chamber and is fixed to the mounting plate 41. The primary reaction tank 12, the secondary reaction tank 13 and the top tank 14 are sequentially installed above the bottom tank 1. Filter plates 9 are provided between the primary reaction tank 12 and the secondary reaction tank 13, and between the bottom tank 1 and the primary reaction tank 12 and are separated by the filter plates 9. A number of filter materials 10 are filled at the tops of the two filter plates 9. Odorous gas enters from the bottom tank 1, passes through each reaction tank in sequence, contacts the microorganisms on the filter material 10 and is degraded. It further includes: Hydraulic shifting assembly: The hydraulic shifting assembly is arranged inside the reaction chamber, and the hydraulic shifting assembly increases the contact between the gas and the filter material 10 according to the flow of the nutrient solution; Gradient spray assembly: The gradient spray assembly is arranged inside the hydraulic driving assembly, and the gradient spray assembly can spray different layers of filter material 10 with different intensities; Scraping and cleaning component: The scraping and cleaning component is arranged on the filter plate 9. The scraping and cleaning component dredges and cleans the filter plate 9 under the joint action of the hydraulic driving component and the gradient spraying component.

[0022] Furthermore, the ends of the peristaltic pump 5 are respectively connected to a suction pipe 51 and a discharge pipe 52, the end of the suction pipe 51 extends to the inside of the circulating liquid tank 4, the end of the discharge pipe 52 penetrates the side wall of the top tank 14 and extends to the inside of the top tank 14, the peristaltic pump 5 pumps the nutrient solution in the circulating liquid tank 4 to the top tank 14, and distributes it to the filter material 10 by spraying or the like, one end of the air compressor 2 is connected to the air inlet pipe 21, and the other end is connected to the odor input device, the malodorous gas to be treated is sent into the bottom tank 1 through the air compressor 2, and the end of the air inlet pipe 21 is connected to the bottom tank 1. The top tank 14 penetrates the side wall of the bottom tank 1 and extends to the inside of the bottom tank 1. The end of the drain pipe 52 located inside the top tank 14 is connected to the liquid collecting bucket 3. The bottom of the bottom tank 1 is provided with a drain port 11, and the top of the top tank 14 is provided with an exhaust port 141. The side walls of the primary reaction tank 12 and the secondary reaction tank 13 are provided with a gas sampling port 6 and a filter material sampling port 61. The gas sampling port 6 is used to regularly collect gas samples in the reaction chamber to monitor the deodorization effect. The filter material sampling port 61 is used to collect filter material 10 samples to evaluate the growth status and activity of microorganisms.

[0023] The filter material 10 is a polyester amine foam ball with a large specific surface area and porosity, which is conducive to the attachment and growth of microorganisms. The filter material 10 uses an activated sludge film method to start the biological trickling filter, that is, the activated sludge rich in microorganisms is first attached to the surface of the filter material 10. With the circulation of the nutrient solution and the flow of gas, the microorganisms gradually form a stable biofilm on the filter material 10. The filter material 10 is filled between the corresponding filter plate 9 and the gas sampling port 6 to ensure that the gas can fully contact the microorganisms on the filter material 10 during the rising process.

[0024] Furthermore, the hydraulic driving assembly includes a transmission shaft 7, a second zone spray rod 8 and a first zone spray rod 81, a bracket 73 is fixedly installed at the connection between the drainage pipe 52 and the liquid collecting bucket 3, the top of the transmission shaft 7 is rotatably connected with the bracket 73, the transmission shaft 7 and the inner cavity of the liquid collecting bucket 3, a transmission paddle 72 is fixedly installed on the transmission shaft 7 located inside the liquid collecting bucket 3, the transmission shaft 7 passes through the bottom wall of the liquid collecting bucket 3 and the end thereof is fixedly connected with a liquid guide bucket 74, the top of the second zone spray rod 8 and the first zone spray rod 81 are fixedly connected with the bottom of the liquid guide bucket 74, when the nutrient solution is sprayed out from the drainage pipe 52, the impact of the nutrient solution will drive the transmission paddle 72 and the transmission shaft 7 to rotate, thereby driving the liquid guide bucket 74, the second zone spray rod 8, and the first zone spray rod 81 to rotate, so as to drive the filter material 10, promote the contact between the odor and the filter material 10, and improve the purification efficiency.

[0025] It should be noted that the transmission blade 72 is made of an inclined light material to ensure that the nutrient solution can effectively drive the transmission blade 72 to rotate. The second zone spray rod 8 and the first zone spray rod 81 are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the liquid guide bucket 74. The second zone spray rod 8 and the first zone spray rod 81 are both composed of multiple sections of U-shaped tubes welded in an interlaced manner. A through hole is provided in the middle of the filter plate 9 for the rotation of the second zone spray rod 8 and the first zone spray rod 81, ensuring that the filter material 10 can be evenly disturbed.

[0026] In this embodiment, a circulating liquid tank 4 is placed at the bottom of the reaction chamber. The nutrient solution in the tank is pumped to the top of the reaction chamber (i.e., the top tank 14) by a peristaltic pump 5 and sprayed downward evenly to provide moisture and other nutrients for the microorganisms attached to the filter material 10, and then flows back to the circulating liquid tank 4 from the discharge port 11 at the bottom of the reaction chamber (i.e., the bottom tank 1). The exhaust gas (simulating the odor of a livestock and poultry farm) entering from the bottom tank 1 is a simulated odor generated by a mixture of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and dimethyl sulfide gas and compressed air. In the reaction chamber, the rising exhaust gas is fully in contact with the nutrient solution sprayed down. This contact promotes the conversion of pollutants in the exhaust gas from gas phase to liquid phase, providing a degradation substrate for the microorganisms on the filter material 10. The microorganisms on the filter material 10 use these pollutants as carbon sources and energy sources for metabolic activities, converting them into harmless substances (such as carbon dioxide, water, and inorganic salts, etc.). After being treated in multiple reaction tanks, the concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas is greatly reduced, and after meeting the emission standards, it is discharged through the exhaust port 141 of the top tank 14.

[0027] When the nutrient solution is sprayed out through the drain pipe 52, its impact force will push the drive paddle 72 and the drive shaft 7 to rotate. This rotation is hydraulically driven and does not require an external power source. The rotation of the drive shaft 7 will drive the liquid guide hopper 74, the spray rod 8 in the second area, and the spray rod 81 in the first area to rotate in the space above the filter plate 9. This rotation enables the sprayed nutrient solution to be more evenly distributed on the filter material 10, avoiding the situation of local over-wetting or over-drying. At the same time, the rotation of the spray rod 8 in the second area and the spray rod 81 in the first area will also slightly stir the filter material 10, promoting the contact between the odor and the filter material 10. This increased contact helps to improve the degradation efficiency of pollutants by microorganisms, thereby enhancing the purification effect of the entire biological trickling filter.

[0028] Example 2. Refer to Figures 4 - 6 , the gradient spraying assembly includes a liquid inlet 71. The liquid inlet 71 is located in the middle of the drive shaft 7 and is close to the bottom of the liquid collecting hopper 3. The drive shaft 7, the liquid guide hopper 74, the spray rod 8 in the second area, and the spray rod 81 in the first area below the liquid inlet 71 are all hollow. The end of the liquid inlet 71 penetrates the outer side wall and the inner cavity side wall of the drive shaft 7. The cavity of the drive shaft 7 is communicated with the liquid guide hopper 74, the spray rod 8 in the second area, and the spray rod 81. The nutrient solution entering the liquid collecting hopper 3 will enter the liquid guide hopper 74 through the liquid inlet 71, and then will be evenly distributed inside the spray rod 8 in the second area and the spray rod 81 in the first area.

[0029] Furthermore, a plurality of spray nozzles 82 are equidistantly opened downward at the cross bar of the spray rod 8 in the second area inside the secondary reaction tank 13. The spray rod 8 in the second area inside the primary reaction tank 12 is closed. The spray rod 81 in the second area inside the secondary reaction tank 13 is closed. A plurality of spray nozzles 82 are equidistantly opened downward at the cross bar of the spray rod 81 in the first area inside the primary reaction tank 12. By such a setting, that is, the spray rod 8 in the second area is responsible for the spraying operation inside the secondary reaction tank 13, and the spray rod 81 in the first area is responsible for the spraying operation inside the primary reaction tank 12. At the same time, the spray rod 81 in the first area and the spray rod 8 in the second area will also rotate driven by the nutrient solution, so that the nutrient solution can be evenly sprayed onto the microbial film on the filter material 10.

[0030] It should be noted that since the primary reaction tank 12 contacts the waste gas earlier than the secondary reaction tank 13, it is stated that the consumption of the microbial layer inside the primary reaction tank 12 is larger and more nutrient components are required. By the different settings of the spray nozzles 82 on the spray rod 81 in the first area and the spray rod 8 in the second area, a hydraulic gradient can be created inside the spray rod, so that more nutrient solution can be sprayed out at the bottom, and the nutrient solution sprayed out will decrease accordingly as it goes up, meeting the spraying requirements of different layers of the filter material 10.

[0031] In this embodiment, first, the nutrient solution is collected in the liquid collection hopper 3. This liquid collection hopper 3 serves as the storage and preliminary distribution point of the nutrient solution, ensuring that the nutrient solution can smoothly enter the spraying system. Then, the nutrient solution enters the hollow part of the transmission shaft 7 through the liquid inlet 71 and subsequently flows into the liquid guiding hopper 74. Subsequently, the nutrient solution is evenly distributed inside the spraying rod 8 in the second area and the spraying rod 81 in the first area. These two spraying components are respectively responsible for the spraying operations of different reaction tanks.

[0032] Spraying rod 8 in the second area: Inside the secondary reaction tank 13, the spraying rod 8 in the second area evenly sprays the nutrient solution onto the filter material 10 and the microbial film through the spray nozzles 82 equidistantly arranged on its cross bar. This design ensures that the microorganisms in the secondary reaction tank 13 receive sufficient nutritional support.

[0033] Spraying rod 81 in the first area: Inside the primary reaction tank 12, the spraying rod 81 in the first area also conducts the spraying operation through the spray nozzles 82 on its cross bar. Since the primary reaction tank 12 comes into contact with the waste gas before the secondary reaction tank 13, the microbial layer inside it consumes more, so more nutritional components are required. The spraying operation of the spraying rod 81 in the first area is exactly to meet this demand.

[0034] Hydraulic gradient: In a liquid flow system, as the liquid flows from a high place to a low place, its gravitational potential energy is gradually converted into kinetic energy, and at the same time, the pressure also changes. Inside the closed spraying rod, since the liquid is incompressible, when the liquid flows from the top of the spraying rod to the bottom, the liquid at the bottom will bear a greater hydrostatic pressure. This pressure difference will directly affect the spraying volume of the spray nozzle 82. Specifically, the spray nozzle 82 located at the bottom of the spraying rod bears a greater hydrostatic pressure, so under the same conditions (such as the diameter and shape of the spray nozzle 82), its spraying volume will be relatively large, while the higher the spray nozzle 82, the smaller its spraying volume due to the gradual decrease of the hydrostatic pressure. This design of the hydraulic gradient enables the filter material 10 and the microbial film at the bottom to receive more nutritional support, while the upper layer receives appropriate supplementation, so as to meet the spraying requirements of different levels inside the entire reaction tank.

[0035] Rotary spraying: In addition, the spraying rod 81 in the first area and the spraying rod 8 in the second area will also rotate driven by the nutrient solution. This dynamic spraying method not only helps the uniform distribution of the nutrient solution, but also ensures a wider and more comprehensive spraying range, further improving the spraying effect.

[0036] In summary, through the carefully designed flow path, zoned spraying operation, and hydraulic gradient control, the gradient spraying component realizes the precise and efficient spraying of different reaction tanks in the waste gas treatment system, not only improving the utilization efficiency of the nutrient solution, but also promoting the growth of the microbial film and the effective treatment of the waste gas.

[0037] Example 3, referring to Figures 3 - 6, the scraping and cleaning component includes a turntable 91, which is rotationally and snap-connected to the through-hole in the middle of the filter plate 9. A through groove is provided on the turntable 91 for the second-zone spray bar 8 and the first-zone spray bar 81 to pass through. In this way, the spray bars will not be obstructed by the turntable 91 during rotation, and the turntable 91 rotates on the filter plate 9 by the rotation of the second-zone spray bar 8 and the first-zone spray bar 81.

[0038] Furthermore, scraping plates 92 are symmetrically installed on the upper and lower sides of the turntable 91. The gap between the end of the scraping plate 92 and the inner walls of the first-stage reaction tank 12 and the second-stage reaction tank 13 is small, ensuring that the scraping plate 92 can effectively cover the entire surface of the filter plate 9 during rotation. A soft brush is provided on the side wall of the scraping plate 92 facing the filter plate 9, and the end of the soft brush abuts against the side wall of the filter plate 9. When the turntable 91 rotates with the spray bars (the second-zone spray bar 8 and the first-zone spray bar 81), and assisted by the nutrient solution sprayed by the spray bars, the scraping plate 92 will dredge and clean the filter plate 9 through the soft brush, improving the air intake efficiency.

[0039] In this embodiment, when the second-zone spray bar 8 and the first-zone spray bar 81 rotate driven by the transmission shaft 7, the turntable 91 will also rotate accordingly. As the turntable 91 rotates, the scraping plates 92 on its upper and lower sides will also rotate synchronously. The soft brushes on the scraping plates 92 continuously contact the side wall of the filter plate 9 during rotation. Through the brushing action of the soft hairs and the assistance of the nutrient solution sprayed by the spray bars (the second-zone spray bar 8 and the first-zone spray bar 81), the filter plate 9 is dredged and cleaned.

[0040] By regularly dredging and cleaning the filter plate 9, impurities and microbial metabolites attached to the filter plate 9 can be removed, maintaining the permeability of the filter plate 9, thereby improving the air intake efficiency of the waste gas treatment system. The scraping and cleaning component and the gradient spraying component work together, not only achieving the dredging and cleaning of the filter plate 9, but also ensuring that the microbial film obtains sufficient nutrient support, improving the operating efficiency of the entire waste gas treatment system.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0042] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-pressure-drop and evenly spraying biological trickling filter deodorization device, comprising a bottom tank (1), an air compressor (2), a circulating liquid tank (4) and filter media (10). An installation plate (41) is installed at the top of the circulating liquid tank (4), and a nutrient solution is filled in the circulating liquid tank (4). A peristaltic pump (5) and a reaction chamber are installed on the installation plate (41). The reaction chamber is composed of a bottom tank (1), a primary reaction tank (12), a secondary reaction tank (13) and a top tank (14). The bottom tank (1) is located at the bottom of the reaction chamber and is fixed to the installation plate (41). The primary reaction tank (12), the secondary reaction tank (13) and the top tank (14) are sequentially installed above the bottom tank (1). Filter plates (9) are provided between the primary reaction tank (12) and the secondary reaction tank (13), and between the bottom tank (1) and the primary reaction tank (12), and they are separated by the filter plates (9). A number of filter media (10) are respectively filled at the tops of the two filter plates (9). It is characterized in that, Also includes: A hydraulic shifting assembly: the hydraulic shifting assembly is arranged inside the reaction chamber, and the hydraulic shifting assembly increases the contact between the gas and the filter material (10) according to the flow of the nutrient solution; Gradient spray assembly: the gradient spray assembly is arranged inside the hydraulic driving assembly, and the gradient spray assembly can spray different layers of filter material (10) with different intensities; Scraping and cleaning component: the scraping and cleaning component is arranged on the filter plate (9), and the scraping and cleaning component clears and cleans the filter plate (9) under the joint action of the hydraulic shifting component and the gradient spraying component.

2. The deodorization device of a low-pressure-drop uniform spraying biological trickling filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ends of the peristaltic pump (5) are respectively connected to a liquid extraction pipe (51) and a liquid discharge pipe (52), the end of the liquid extraction pipe (51) extending into the interior of the circulating liquid tank (4), the end of the liquid discharge pipe (52) penetrating the side wall of the top tank (14) and extending into the interior of the top tank (14), one end of the air compressor (2) is connected to an air intake pipe (21), and the other end is communicated with an odor input device, the end of the air intake pipe (21) penetrating the side wall of the bottom tank (1) and extending into the interior of the bottom tank (1), the end of the liquid discharge pipe (52) located in the interior of the top tank (14) is connected to a liquid collecting hopper (3), the bottom of the bottom tank (1) is provided with a liquid discharge port (11), the top of the top tank (14) is provided with an exhaust port (141), and the side walls of the primary reaction tank (12) and the secondary reaction tank (13) are both provided with a gas sampling port (6) and a filter material sampling port (61).

3. The deodorization device of a low-pressure-drop and uniformly spraying biological trickling filter according to claim 2, characterized in that, The filter material (10) is a polyester amine foam ball. The filter material (10) uses an activated sludge biofilm method to start the biological trickling filter. The filter material (10) is filled between the corresponding filter plate (9) and the gas sampling port (6).

4. A low-pressure-drop and uniformly spraying biological trickling filter deodorization device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hydraulic driving assembly comprises a transmission shaft (7), a second-zone spray rod (8) and a first-zone spray rod (81); a bracket (73) is fixedly installed at the connection between the discharge pipe (52) and the liquid collecting bucket (3); the top of the transmission shaft (7) is rotatably connected to the bracket (73), and the transmission shaft (7) is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the liquid collecting bucket (3); a transmission blade (72) is fixedly installed on the transmission shaft (7) located inside the liquid collecting bucket (3); the transmission shaft (7) passes through the bottom wall of the liquid collecting bucket (3) and the end thereof is fixedly connected to a liquid guide bucket (74); the tops of the second-zone spray rod (8) and the first-zone spray rod (81) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid guide bucket (74).

5. A low-pressure-drop and uniformly spraying biological trickling filter deodorization device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The transmission blade (72) is inclined and made of a light material. The second zone spray bar (8) and the first zone spray bar (81) are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the liquid guide bucket (74). The second zone spray bar (8) and the first zone spray bar (81) are both composed of multiple sections of U-shaped pipes welded in an interlaced manner. A through hole for the second zone spray bar (8) and the first zone spray bar (81) to rotate is provided in the middle of the filter plate (9).

6. The deodorization device of a low-pressure-drop and uniformly spraying biological trickling filter according to claim 4, wherein, The gradient spraying assembly includes a liquid inlet (71). The liquid inlet (71) is located in the middle of the transmission shaft (7) and close to the bottom of the liquid collecting hopper (3). The transmission shaft (7), the liquid guiding hopper (74), the second-zone spray bar (8), and the first-zone spray bar (81) below the liquid inlet (71) are all hollow. The end of the liquid inlet (71) penetrates the outer wall and the inner cavity side wall of the transmission shaft (7). The cavity of the transmission shaft (7) is communicated with the liquid guiding hopper (74), the second-zone spray bar (8), and the first-zone spray bar (81).

7. The deodorization device of a low-pressure-drop and uniformly spraying biological trickling filter according to claim 6, characterized in that, A number of spray nozzles (82) are equidistantly arranged downward at the cross bar of the second-zone spray bar (8) inside the secondary reaction tank (13). The second-zone spray bar (8) inside the primary reaction tank (12) is closed. The first-zone spray bar (81) inside the secondary reaction tank (13) is closed. A number of spray nozzles (82) are equidistantly arranged downward at the cross bar of the first-zone spray bar (81) inside the primary reaction tank (12).

8. A low-pressure-drop and uniformly spraying biological trickling filter deodorization device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The scraping and cleaning assembly includes a turntable (91). The turntable (91) is rotationally clamped with the through hole in the middle of the filter plate (9). A through groove for the second-zone spray bar (8) and the first-zone spray bar (81) to pass through is arranged on the turntable (91). The turntable (91) rotates on the filter plate (9) through the rotation of the second-zone spray bar (8) and the first-zone spray bar (81). Scrapers (92) are symmetrically installed on the upper and lower sides of the turntable (91). The end of the scraper (92) has a small gap with the inner walls of the primary reaction tank (12) and the secondary reaction tank (13). A soft brush is arranged on the side wall of the scraper (92) facing the filter plate (9), and the end of the soft brush abuts against the side wall of the filter plate (9).

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