Integrated system for catalytically synthesizing ammonia water
Through the multi-stage catalytic reaction technology integrating plasma reactors, catalytic synthesis modules and electrocatalytic reactors, the problem of high energy consumption in the traditional Haber method is solved, and high-efficiency and low-energy-consuming ammonia synthesis is achieved, which is suitable for agriculture, industry and pharmaceutical fields.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510341573.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-11
AI Technical Summary
The traditional Haber method has high energy consumption and low efficiency, and it is difficult to achieve high-efficiency and low-energy-consuming ammonia synthesis in a single technology.
Multi-stage catalytic reaction technology integrating plasma reactors, catalytic synthesis modules and electrocatalytic reactors is adopted to efficiently realize ammonia hydration synthesis through multi-stage catalytic reaction technology, and the reaction activation energy is reduced through the plasma reactor's mixed gas activated by the hydrogen and nitrogen gas mixture.
It realizes efficient ammonia synthesis, reduces energy consumption, and can adjust the ammonia water concentration and purity, has high system integration and is easy to industrially produce.
Smart Images
Figure CN120285900A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the technical field of ammonia water preparation, and particularly relates to an integrated system for catalytic synthesis of ammonia water. Background Art
[0002] Ammonia water is an important chemical raw material, widely used in fields such as agriculture, industry, and medicine. In traditional processes, the Haber process is mainly used to synthesize ammonia water, that is, nitrogen and hydrogen are directly synthesized into ammonia using an iron-based catalyst under high temperature and high pressure conditions. However, this implementation method has problems such as high energy consumption and low efficiency in ammonia synthesis. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The main purpose of this application is to propose an integrated system for catalytic synthesis of ammonia water, which can efficiently achieve ammonia water synthesis by using multi-stage catalytic reaction technology and reduce energy consumption.
[0004] To achieve the above object, this application proposes an integrated system for catalytic synthesis of ammonia water. The integrated system includes a reaction species mixer, a plasma reactor, a catalytic synthesis module, and an electrocatalytic reactor; The reaction species mixer is used to mix a hydrogen source and a nitrogen source in proportion to generate a mixed gas and transmit it to the plasma reactor; The plasma reactor is used to activate the mixed gas to generate active species and first ammonia gas and transmit it to the catalytic synthesis module; The catalytic synthesis module is used to catalyze the active species, and then dissolve the catalytic product and the first ammonia gas in water to generate ammonia water and a nitrogen oxide solution and transmit it to the electrocatalytic reactor; The electrocatalytic reactor is used to perform an electrocatalytic reaction on the nitrogen oxide solution to generate second ammonia gas and dissolve it in the ammonia water.
[0005] Further, the catalytic synthesis module includes a thermal catalytic reactor, a photothermal catalytic reactor, and an ammonia water absorption device; The thermal catalytic reactor is used to perform a thermal catalytic reaction on the active species to generate third ammonia gas and transmit it together with the first ammonia gas and the active species that have not been completely thermally catalytically reacted to the photothermal catalytic reactor; The photothermal catalytic reactor is used to perform a photothermal catalytic reaction on the active species that have not been completely thermally catalytically reacted to generate fourth ammonia gas and transmit it together with the first ammonia gas, the third ammonia gas, and the active species that have not been completely photothermally catalytically reacted to the ammonia water absorption device; The ammonia water absorption device is used to dissolve the first ammonia gas, the third ammonia gas, the fourth ammonia gas, and the active species that have not been completely photothermally catalytically reacted in water to generate the ammonia water and the nitrogen oxide solution and transmit it to the electrocatalytic reactor.
[0006] Further, the integrated system further includes a gas purifier; The gas purifier is used to purify the gaseous medium containing nitrogen elements to generate the nitrogen source and transmit it to the reaction species mixer.
[0007] Further, the nitrogen source includes at least one of nitrogen gas and nitrogen oxide gas.
[0008] Further, the hydrogen source includes at least one of hydrogen gas and water vapor.
[0009] Further, the active species generated by the plasma reactor include active nitrogen species and active hydrogen species.
[0010] Further, the integrated system further includes a hydrogen storage device; The electrocatalytic reactor is further used to generate by-product hydrogen gas during the electrocatalytic reaction process and transmit it to the hydrogen storage device; The hydrogen storage device is used to store the by-product hydrogen gas and then transmit the stored by-product hydrogen gas to the reaction species mixer.
[0011] Further, the integrated system further includes an exhaust gas treatment device; The ammonia water absorption device is further used to generate exhaust gas during the water dissolution process and transmit it, together with the active species that have not undergone water dissolution, to the exhaust gas treatment device; The exhaust gas treatment device is used to treat the exhaust gas and the active species that have not undergone water dissolution to generate first nitrogen gas and first hydrogen gas and transmit them to the reaction species mixer.
[0012] This application has at least the following beneficial effects: By integrating a plasma reactor, a catalytic synthesis module, and an electrocatalytic reactor, a multi-stage catalytic reaction technology can be adopted to efficiently achieve ammonia water synthesis. On this basis, the concentration range and purity of the synthesized ammonia water can be effectively adjusted; by using a plasma reactor to activate the mixed gas containing hydrogen elements and nitrogen elements, the reaction activation energy can be reduced during the ammonia water synthesis stage, thereby reducing energy consumption; the integration degree of the entire system is high, the operation is simple, and it is easy to realize industrial production. Description of the Drawings
[0013] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of an integrated system for catalytic synthesis of ammonia water provided by an embodiment of this application. Detailed Embodiments
[0014] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear and understandable, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application. The implementation manners described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementation manners consistent with the embodiments of the present application. They are only examples of systems consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.
[0015] It can be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in the present application may be used herein to describe various concepts, but unless otherwise specified, these concepts are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one concept from another. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present application belongs. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
[0016] Ammonia water is an important chemical raw material and is widely used in fields such as agriculture, industry, and medicine. In traditional processes, the Haber process is mainly used to achieve ammonia water synthesis, that is, nitrogen and hydrogen are directly synthesized into ammonia using an iron-based catalyst under high temperature and high pressure conditions. However, this implementation has problems such as high energy consumption and low efficiency in ammonia synthesis. In recent years, some technicians have proposed using plasma technology, photothermal catalysis technology, and electrocatalysis technology, etc. to achieve ammonia water synthesis. However, most of the current research focuses on the application of single technologies, and it is difficult to better achieve efficient and low-energy consumption ammonia water synthesis.
[0017] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide an integrated system for catalytic synthesis of ammonia water. This solution can efficiently achieve ammonia water synthesis by integrating a plasma reactor, a catalytic synthesis module, and an electrocatalytic reactor, and can effectively adjust the concentration range and purity of the synthesized ammonia water on this basis; by using a plasma reactor to activate the mixed gas containing hydrogen and nitrogen elements, the reaction activation energy can be reduced in the ammonia water synthesis stage, thereby reducing energy consumption; the integration degree of the entire system is high, the operation is simple, and it is easy to realize industrial production.
[0018] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is an optional composition schematic diagram of an integrated system for catalytic synthesis of ammonia water provided by the embodiments of the present application. The integrated system at least includes a reaction species mixer, a plasma reactor, a catalytic synthesis module, and an electrocatalytic reactor. The reaction species mixer is connected to the plasma reactor, the plasma reactor is connected to the catalytic synthesis module, and the catalytic synthesis module is connected to the electrocatalytic reactor.
[0019] In the practical application of this application, the reaction species mixer is used to mix the hydrogen source and the nitrogen source in proportion to generate a mixed gas and transmit it to the plasma reactor; the plasma reactor is used to activate the mixed gas to generate active species and a small amount of first ammonia gas and transmit it to the catalytic synthesis module; the catalytic synthesis module is used to catalyze the active species, and then dissolve the catalytic product and the first ammonia gas in water to generate ammonia water and a nitrogen oxide solution and transmit it to the electrocatalytic reactor; the electrocatalytic reactor is used to perform an electrocatalytic reaction on the nitrogen oxide solution to generate second ammonia gas and dissolve it in the ammonia water. By adopting the above multi-stage catalytic reaction technology, ammonia water synthesis can be efficiently achieved and energy consumption can be reduced.
[0020] Among them, the hydrogen source includes at least one of hydrogen gas and water vapor. The hydrogen gas can be directly supplied by an external hydrogen storage tank, and the water vapor can be directly supplied by an external steam storage tank. The nitrogen source includes at least one of nitrogen gas and nitrogen oxide gas. The active species at least include active nitrogen species and active hydrogen species.
[0021] Preferably, after the reaction species mixer receives the hydrogen source and the nitrogen source, a flow controller is used to adjust the flow rates of the hydrogen source and the nitrogen source when they enter the static mixer, and then the static mixer continuously divides and recombines the incoming hydrogen source and nitrogen source during the flow process according to the mixing volume ratio, thereby generating a mixed gas.
[0022] Preferably, after the plasma reactor receives the mixed gas, a dielectric barrier discharge technology is used to generate plasma at room temperature or near room temperature, so that the hydrogen source and the nitrogen source in the mixed gas are activated, ionized and cracked by the plasma, thereby generating active nitrogen species (such as nitrogen radicals, etc.) and active hydrogen species (such as hydrogen radicals), and during the discharge process, the hydrogen source and the nitrogen source chemically react under the action of the plasma and generate a small amount of ammonia gas.
[0023] Preferably, after the electrocatalytic reactor receives the nitrogen oxide solution, the nitrogen oxide solution is injected into the reaction chamber and ensured to cover the electrode surface. When an electric current is applied to the electrode surface, a chemical reaction occurs. On the cathode side, the nitrogen atoms in the nitrogen oxide are reduced to ammonia gas, which is then dissolved in the ammonia water, while the water molecules as the electrolyte receive electrons on the cathode side and are reduced to the by-product hydrogen gas.
[0024] In some embodiments of this application, the catalytic synthesis module includes a thermal catalytic reactor, a photothermal catalytic reactor and an ammonia water absorption device. The plasma reactor is connected to the thermal catalytic reactor, the thermal catalytic reactor is connected to the photothermal catalytic reactor, the photothermal catalytic reactor is connected to the ammonia water absorption device, and the ammonia water absorption device is connected to the electrocatalytic reactor.
[0025] In the practical application of the present application, when the plasma reactor transfers active species and a small amount of first ammonia gas to the thermal catalytic reactor, the thermal catalytic reactor is used to perform a thermal catalytic reaction on the active species to generate third ammonia gas, and then transfer the first ammonia gas, the third ammonia gas, and the active species that have not completed the thermal catalytic reaction to the photothermal catalytic reactor; the photothermal catalytic reactor is used to perform a photothermal catalytic reaction on the active species that have not completed the thermal catalytic reaction to generate fourth ammonia gas, and then transfer the first ammonia gas, the third ammonia gas, the fourth ammonia gas, and the active species that have not completed the photothermal catalytic reaction to the ammonia water absorption device; the ammonia water absorption device is used to dissolve the first ammonia gas, the third ammonia gas, the fourth ammonia gas, and the active species that have not completed the photothermal catalytic reaction in water to generate ammonia water and a nitrogen oxide solution and transfer them to the electrocatalytic reactor, that is, the first ammonia gas, the third ammonia gas, and the fourth ammonia gas will be absorbed by water to form ammonia water, and a small amount of water-soluble active species existing in the active species that have not completed the photothermal catalytic reaction will dissolve in water to form a nitrogen oxide solution.
[0026] It should be noted that when the first ammonia gas is passed through the thermal catalytic reactor and the photothermal catalytic reactor to the ammonia water absorption device for reaction, and the third ammonia gas is passed through the photothermal catalytic reactor to the ammonia water absorption device for reaction, the ammonia gas transferred will not be damaged throughout the process.
[0027] Preferably, after receiving the active nitrogen species and the active hydrogen species, the thermal catalytic reactor injects the active nitrogen species and the active hydrogen species into the reaction chamber, and uses a heat exchanger to heat the active nitrogen species and the active hydrogen species to the reaction temperature before the reaction starts to ensure the maximization of the activity of the catalyst (such as magnetic catalysts such as iron-based catalysts and nickel-based catalysts), and at the same time adjusts the pressure in the reaction chamber. Subsequently, the active nitrogen species and the active hydrogen species undergo an exothermic reaction under the action of the catalyst to generate ammonia gas.
[0028] Preferably, after receiving the active nitrogen species and the active hydrogen species, the photothermal catalytic reactor injects the active nitrogen species and the active hydrogen species into the light-transmitting reaction chamber and adsorbs them on the surface of the photothermal catalyst. A condenser is used to focus sunlight through the light-transmitting reaction chamber onto the photothermal catalyst to generate photogenerated electrons. The strong chemical bond of the active nitrogen species is weakened by the photogenerated electrons to generate nitrogen intermediates, and the dissociation of the active hydrogen species is promoted by heat energy to generate hydrogen intermediates, so that the activated nitrogen intermediates and hydrogen intermediates combine on the surface of the photothermal catalyst to generate ammonia gas.
[0029] Preferably, after the ammonia absorption device receives ammonia, active nitrogen species, and active hydrogen species, the first circulation pump is started to form a water circulation flow in the first spray tower. Water usually sprays down from the top of the first spray tower to form a water curtain. Ammonia flows into the bottom of the first spray tower through a pipeline and contacts the water curtain during the upward process to form ammonia water. The second circulation pump is started to form a water circulation flow in the second spray tower. Water usually sprays down from the top of the second spray tower to form a water curtain. The active nitrogen species and active hydrogen species flow into the bottom of the second spray tower through a pipeline and contact the water curtain to undergo a chemical reaction to form a nitrogen oxide solution.
[0030] In this application, since the active species generated by the plasma reactor are random, setting it as the first-stage device before different catalytic reactors can avoid the production of impure ammonia products during different catalytic reactions. By using the thermal catalytic reactor as the second-stage device, not only can the ammonia production rate be rapidly increased, but the waste heat generated after its internal operation can also assist in realizing the subsequent photothermal catalytic reaction, which is beneficial to saving system energy consumption. By using the photothermal catalytic reactor as the third-stage device, the ammonia production rate can be further increased. By using the ammonia absorption device as the fourth-stage device, the substance with waste heat transferred from the photothermal catalytic reactor can be adjusted to room temperature, thereby avoiding unnecessary temperature changes in the electrolyte used in the subsequent electrocatalytic process, resulting in ammonia volatilization loss. By using the electrocatalytic reactor as the last-stage device, it is considered that the electrocatalytic reaction has high selectivity, and the intermediate species or impurities that have not fully reacted inside the previous multi-stage devices can be converted into ammonia to achieve ammonia purification.
[0031] It should be noted that during the operation of the integrated system, the staff will set the operating parameters of relevant devices according to the types of hydrogen sources and nitrogen sources. For example, set the hydrogen source flow rate, nitrogen source flow rate, and the mixing volume ratio between the hydrogen source and the nitrogen source required during the operation of the reaction species mixer, set the discharge power required during the operation of the plasma reactor, set the reaction temperature and pressure required during the operation of the thermal catalytic reactor, set the reaction temperature and light intensity required during the operation of the photothermal catalytic reactor, set the temperature and pressure required during the operation of the ammonia absorption device, and set the working voltage required during the operation of the electrocatalytic reactor.
[0032] In some embodiments of the present application, the integrated system further includes a gas purifier connected to the reaction species mixer, which is mainly used to purify the gaseous medium containing nitrogen elements to generate a nitrogen source and transmit it to the reaction species mixer. Preferably, the gaseous medium containing nitrogen elements includes air and industrial waste gas. The air can be directly supplied by an external air storage tank, and the industrial waste gas can be directly supplied by an external waste gas storage tank. The gas purifier is used to purify nitrogen from the air and transmit it to the reaction species mixer, and / or purify nitrogen oxide gas from the industrial waste gas and transmit it to the reaction species mixer. By using the gas purifier to self-purify nitrogen and / or nitrogen oxide gas, its purity can be better controlled, ensuring the stability of subsequent reactions; moreover, the cost of purifying nitrogen from the air is relatively low, and purifying nitrogen oxide gas from industrial waste gas can reduce pollutant emissions and achieve effective utilization of resources.
[0033] Preferably, after receiving the air, the gas purifier compresses the air to high pressure and then pre-cools it through a heat exchanger. Subsequently, the water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other impurities are removed through a purification device. After the purified air is liquefied, it is introduced into a low-temperature distillation column for separation. Since the separated nitrogen may still be mixed with a small amount of oxygen and other rare gases, the separated nitrogen is purified by an adsorbent to obtain the final required nitrogen.
[0034] Preferably, after receiving the industrial waste gas, the gas purifier removes dust and desulfurizes the industrial waste gas, and then uses a specific absorbent (such as alkali solution, organic solvent, etc.) to absorb nitrogen oxides. Subsequently, the absorbent containing nitrogen oxides is heated and gas-liquid separated, and the separated nitrogen oxide gas is condensed, compressed, and membrane separated to remove impurities, thereby obtaining the final required nitrogen oxide gas.
[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, the integrated system further includes a hydrogen storage device. The electrocatalytic reactor is connected to the hydrogen storage device, and the hydrogen storage device is connected to the reaction species mixer; since by-products hydrogen is generated and transmitted to the hydrogen storage device during the electrocatalytic reaction process of the nitrogen oxide solution inside the electrocatalytic reactor, the by-product hydrogen is stored by the hydrogen storage device. Subsequently, the stored by-product hydrogen can be used as a hydrogen source and transmitted to the reaction species mixer, and the stored by-product hydrogen can also be used as a hydrogen energy fuel, thereby preventing the electrocatalytic reactor from directly discharging the by-product hydrogen generated inside it and causing energy waste.
[0036] In some embodiments of the present application, the integrated system further includes an exhaust gas treatment device. The ammonia water absorption device is connected to the exhaust gas treatment device, and the exhaust gas treatment device is connected to the reaction species mixer. Since exhaust gas is generated simultaneously during the water dissolution process inside the ammonia water absorption device and is transmitted to the exhaust gas treatment device together with the active species that have not undergone water dissolution, the exhaust gas includes unreacted nitrogen, hydrogen, and their by-products (such as a small amount of ammonia, water vapor, etc.). The exhaust gas treatment device treats the exhaust gas and the active species that have not undergone water dissolution to generate first nitrogen and first hydrogen and transmits them to the reaction species mixer. The first nitrogen will be used as a nitrogen source supplement, and the first hydrogen will be used as a hydrogen source supplement, thereby realizing the recovery and recycling of resources.
[0037] Preferably, after receiving the exhaust gas, active nitrogen species, and active hydrogen species, the exhaust gas treatment device cools the exhaust gas to remove by-products, then adsorbs all the treated gases using a porous material to remove impurities, and finally extracts nitrogen and hydrogen from them using membrane separation technology.
[0038] Next, the solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be introduced and described in detail in combination with specific application examples: Regarding the first operating condition of the integrated system: Air is processed through a gas purifier to obtain nitrogen; nitrogen and water vapor are introduced into the reactant mixer and mixed in a volume ratio of 2:3, and the flow rates of nitrogen and water vapor are both set at 2 L / min during the mixing process to obtain a mixed gas; the mixed gas is introduced into a plasma reactor for activation, and the discharge power is set at 500 W during the activation process to obtain active species and a small amount of primary ammonia; the active species are introduced into a thermal catalytic reactor for thermal catalytic reaction, and the reaction temperature is set at 400 °C and the pressure is set at 5 MPa during the thermal catalytic process to obtain tertiary ammonia; the remaining active species that have not been fully thermally catalytically reacted are introduced into a photo-thermal catalytic reactor for photo-thermal catalytic reaction. The photo-thermal temperature is adjusted by means of gas preheating and a heater, and sunlight is focused by a condenser, and the reaction temperature is set at 100 °C and the light intensity is set at 300 mW / cm² during the photo-thermal catalytic reaction process to obtain quaternary ammonia; the primary ammonia, tertiary ammonia, and quaternary ammonia are introduced into an ammonia water absorption device for water dissolution to obtain ammonia water, and the active species that have not been fully photo-thermally catalytically reacted are introduced into the ammonia water absorption device for water dissolution to obtain a nitrogen oxide solution, and the working conditions are set at normal temperature and pressure during the entire water dissolution process; the nitrogen oxide solution is introduced into an electrocatalytic reactor for electrocatalytic reaction, and the working voltage is set at 2 V during the electrocatalytic process to obtain secondary ammonia and by-product hydrogen. Subsequently, the secondary ammonia is dissolved in the ammonia water that is additionally introduced into the electrocatalytic reactor, and finally ammonia water with a concentration of 0.1% is obtained, and the by-product hydrogen is introduced into a hydrogen storage device for storage. In addition, the tail gas generated during the water dissolution process inside the ammonia water absorption device and the unreacted active species are introduced into a tail gas treatment device for treatment.
[0039] Regarding the second operating condition of the integrated system: Air is processed through a gas purifier to obtain nitrogen; nitrogen and the by-product hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage device in the above first operating condition are introduced into the reaction species mixer and mixed in a volume ratio of 1:3, and the flow rates of nitrogen and by-product hydrogen are both set to 5 L / min during the mixing process, thereby obtaining a mixed gas; the mixed gas is introduced into a plasma reactor for activation, and the discharge power is set to 1000 W during the activation process, thereby obtaining active species and a small amount of first ammonia; the active species are introduced into a thermal catalytic reactor for thermal catalytic reaction, and the reaction temperature is set to 500 °C and the pressure is set to atmospheric pressure during the thermal catalytic process, thereby obtaining third ammonia; the remaining active species that have not been completely thermally catalytically reacted are introduced into a photothermal catalytic reactor for photothermal catalytic reaction, the photothermal temperature is adjusted by means of gas preheating and a heater, sunlight is focused by a condenser, and the reaction temperature is set to 200 °C and the light intensity is set to 100 mW / cm² during the photothermal catalytic reaction process, thereby obtaining fourth ammonia; the first ammonia, third ammonia, and fourth ammonia are introduced into an ammonia water absorption device for water dissolution to obtain ammonia water, and the remaining active species that have not been completely photothermally catalytically reacted are introduced into the ammonia water absorption device for water dissolution to obtain a nitrogen oxide solution, and the working conditions are set to normal temperature and atmospheric pressure during the entire water dissolution process; the nitrogen oxide solution is introduced into an electrocatalytic reactor for electrocatalytic reaction, and the working voltage is set to 5 V during the electrocatalytic process, thereby obtaining second ammonia and by-product hydrogen. Subsequently, the second ammonia is dissolved in the ammonia water that is additionally introduced into the electrocatalytic reactor, and the by-product hydrogen is introduced into the hydrogen storage device; the tail gas generated during the water dissolution process inside the ammonia water absorption device and the unreacted active species are introduced into a tail gas treatment device for treatment to obtain first nitrogen and first hydrogen; the by-product hydrogen, first nitrogen, and first hydrogen are continuously recycled and introduced into the reaction species mixer for subsequent series of catalytic syntheses, and finally ammonia water with a concentration of 15% is obtained.
[0040] The third operating condition of the integrated system: Treat industrial waste gas through a gas purifier to obtain nitrogen oxide gas; introduce the nitrogen oxide gas and the by-product hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage device in the second operating condition into the reaction species mixer and mix them according to a volume ratio of 1:3, and set the flow rates of both the nitrogen oxide gas and the by-product hydrogen to 10 L / min during the mixing process to obtain a mixed gas; introduce the mixed gas into a plasma reactor for activation, and set the discharge power to 2000 W during the activation process to obtain active species and a small amount of primary ammonia; introduce the active species into a thermal catalytic reactor for thermal catalytic reaction, and set the reaction temperature to 300 °C and the pressure to atmospheric pressure during the thermal catalytic process to obtain tertiary ammonia; introduce the remaining active species that have not completed the thermal catalytic reaction into a photothermal catalytic reactor for photothermal catalytic reaction, adjust the photothermal temperature by means of gas preheating and a heater, focus sunlight using a condenser, and set the reaction temperature to 60 °C and the light intensity to 500 mW / cm² during the photothermal catalytic reaction process to obtain quaternary ammonia; introduce the primary ammonia, tertiary ammonia, and quaternary ammonia into an ammonia water absorption device for water dissolution to obtain ammonia water, and introduce the active species that have not completed the photothermal catalytic reaction into the ammonia water absorption device for water dissolution to obtain a nitrogen oxide solution, and set the working conditions to normal temperature and atmospheric pressure during the entire water dissolution process; introduce the nitrogen oxide solution into an electrocatalytic reactor for electrocatalytic reaction, and set the working voltage to 10 V during the electrocatalytic process to obtain secondary ammonia and by-product hydrogen. Subsequently, dissolve the secondary ammonia in the ammonia water that is additionally introduced into the electrocatalytic reactor, and introduce the by-product hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device; introduce the tail gas generated during the water dissolution process inside the ammonia water absorption device and the unreacted active species into a tail gas treatment device for treatment to obtain primary nitrogen and primary hydrogen; continuously recycle the by-product hydrogen, primary nitrogen, and primary hydrogen into the reaction species mixer for subsequent series of catalytic syntheses to finally obtain ammonia water with a concentration of 35%.
[0041] The fourth operating condition of the integrated system: Treat industrial waste gas through a gas purifier to obtain nitrogen oxide gas; introduce the nitrogen oxide gas and the by-product hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage device in the third operating condition above into a reaction species mixer and mix them according to a volume ratio of 1:3, and set the flow rates of both the nitrogen oxide gas and the by-product hydrogen to 1 L / min during the mixing process to obtain a mixed gas; introduce the mixed gas into a plasma reactor for activation, and set the discharge power to 200 W during the activation process to obtain active species and a small amount of primary ammonia; introduce the active species into a thermal catalytic reactor for thermal catalytic reaction, and set the reaction temperature to 700 °C and the pressure to normal pressure during the thermal catalytic process to obtain tertiary ammonia; introduce the remaining active species that have not been fully thermally catalytically reacted into a photo-thermal catalytic reactor for photo-thermal catalytic reaction, adjust the photo-thermal temperature by means of gas preheating and a heater, focus sunlight using a condenser, and set the reaction temperature to 40 °C and the light intensity to 600 mW / cm² during the photo-thermal catalytic reaction process to obtain quaternary ammonia; introduce the primary ammonia, tertiary ammonia, and quaternary ammonia into an ammonia water absorption device for water dissolution to obtain ammonia water, and introduce the active species that have not been fully photo-thermally catalytically reacted into the ammonia water absorption device for water dissolution to obtain a nitrogen oxide solution, and set the working conditions to normal temperature and pressure during the entire water dissolution process; introduce the nitrogen oxide solution into an electrocatalytic reactor for electrocatalytic reaction, and set the working voltage to 10 V during the electrocatalytic process to obtain secondary ammonia and by-product hydrogen. Subsequently, dissolve the secondary ammonia in the ammonia water that is additionally introduced into the electrocatalytic reactor, and introduce the by-product hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device; introduce the tail gas generated during the water dissolution process inside the ammonia water absorption device and the unreacted active species into a tail gas treatment device for treatment to obtain primary nitrogen and primary hydrogen; continuously recycle the by-product hydrogen, primary nitrogen, and primary hydrogen into the reaction species mixer for subsequent series of catalytic syntheses to finally obtain ammonia water with a concentration of 20%.
[0042] The implementation content described above is to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art know that with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are equally applicable to similar technical problems.
[0043] Those skilled in the art can understand that the system embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and some or all of the devices can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
[0044] The preferred embodiments of the embodiments of the present application are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, which do not limit the scope of the rights of the embodiments of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope and essence of the embodiments of the present application shall fall within the scope of the rights of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims
1. An integrated system for catalytic synthesis of ammonia water, characterized in that, The integrated system includes a reaction species mixer, a plasma reactor, a catalytic synthesis module, and an electrocatalytic reactor; The reaction species mixer is used to mix a hydrogen source and a nitrogen source in proportion to generate a mixed gas and transmit it to the plasma reactor; The plasma reactor is used to activate the mixed gas to generate active species and first ammonia gas and transmit it to the catalytic synthesis module; The catalytic synthesis module is used to catalyze the active species, and then dissolve the catalytic product and the first ammonia gas in water to generate ammonia water and a nitrogen oxide solution and transmit it to the electrocatalytic reactor; The electrocatalytic reactor is used to perform an electrocatalytic reaction on the nitrogen oxide solution to generate second ammonia gas and dissolve it in the ammonia water.
2. The integrated system for catalytic synthesis of ammonia water according to claim 1, wherein The catalytic synthesis module includes a thermal catalytic reactor, a photothermal catalytic reactor, and an ammonia water absorption device; The thermal catalytic reactor is used to perform a thermal catalytic reaction on the active species to generate third ammonia gas and transmit it together with the first ammonia gas and the active species that have not been completely thermally catalytically reacted to the photothermal catalytic reactor; The photothermal catalytic reactor is used to perform a photothermal catalytic reaction on the active species that have not been completely thermally catalytically reacted to generate fourth ammonia gas and transmit it together with the first ammonia gas, the third ammonia gas, and the active species that have not been completely photothermally catalytically reacted to the ammonia water absorption device; The ammonia water absorption device is used to dissolve the first ammonia gas, the third ammonia gas, the fourth ammonia gas, and the active species that have not been completely photothermally catalytically reacted in water to generate the ammonia water and the nitrogen oxide solution and transmit it to the electrocatalytic reactor.
3. The integrated system for catalytic synthesis of ammonia water according to claim 1, characterized in that The integrated system further includes a gas purifier; The gas purifier is used to purify a gaseous medium containing nitrogen element to generate the nitrogen source and transmit it to the reaction species mixer.
4. The integrated system for catalytic synthesis of ammonia water according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The nitrogen source includes at least one of nitrogen gas and nitrogen oxide gas.
5. The integrated system for catalytic synthesis of ammonia water according to claim 1, wherein The hydrogen source includes at least one of hydrogen gas and water vapor.
6. The integrated system for catalytic synthesis of ammonia water according to claim 1, wherein The active species generated by the plasma reactor include active nitrogen species and active hydrogen species.
7. The integrated system for catalytic synthesis of ammonia water according to claim 1, wherein The integrated system further includes a hydrogen storage device; The electrocatalytic reactor is further used to generate by-product hydrogen gas during the electrocatalytic reaction and transmit it to the hydrogen storage device; The hydrogen storage device is used to store the by-product hydrogen gas and then transmit the stored by-product hydrogen gas to the reaction species mixer.
8. The integrated system for catalytic synthesis of ammonia water according to claim 2, characterized in that, The integrated system further includes a tail gas treatment device; The ammonia water absorption device is further used to generate tail gas during the water dissolution process and transmit it together with the active species that have not undergone water dissolution to the tail gas treatment device; The tail gas treatment device is used to treat the tail gas and the active species that have not undergone water dissolution to generate first nitrogen gas and first hydrogen gas and transmit it to the reaction species mixer.