Laser cutting device for railway lock hook accessories

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of laser cutting, and discloses a laser cutting device for railway lock hook accessories, which comprises a laser cutting machine provided with a laser cutting head, and the laser cutting machine is provided with a clamp for clamping the lock hook accessories; the absorption mechanism is located under the laser cutting head and comprises a first absorption pipe attached to the lock hook accessory, and an absorption assembly for driving the first absorption pipe to be attached to the lock hook accessory is installed on the first absorption pipe. The laser cutting head is connected with the absorption assembly through the connecting mechanism, the laser cutting head moves up and down in a cutting gap after being driven by the absorption assembly, and the laser cutting head is connected with a first absorption pipe and a second absorption pipe of the absorption mechanism through a U-shaped frame and an air pump in the connecting mechanism. During cutting, the laser cutting head, the absorbing mechanism and the connecting mechanism form a fixed airflow path, the suction force generated by the sucking pump on the absorbing mechanism through the cavity of the U-shaped frame is utilized to assist the cutting gas to flow, vortex formed by the cutting gas in the cavity area of the metal plate is reduced, and therefore slag can be discharged smoothly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser cutting, and more specifically, it relates to a laser cutting device for railway hook fittings. Background Art

[0002] Laser cutting technology has been widely used due to its characteristics of high precision and high efficiency. Railway hooks consist of many components, and many of the fittings are formed by welding multiple metal plates. Before welding some metal plates, pretreatment operations such as punching holes in the metal plates are required.

[0003] During the welding of conventional metal plates, there are no problems. However, when we use metal plates, we can only inspect their surfaces to ensure that the surfaces of the metal plates meet the requirements. But in some metal plates, cavities may appear inside. These cavities will have an impact on the laser cutting process.

[0004] When laser cutting encounters a metal plate of a railway hook fitting with cavities inside, the cutting gas used in laser cutting is extremely likely to form eddy currents in the cavity area of the metal plate. Such eddy currents will seriously interfere with the normal flow of molten metal, making it difficult for the molten metal to be completely blown out of the cutting area. The direct consequence is that the slag generated during the cutting process cannot be discharged smoothly, resulting in slag hanging at the cutting part. This not only affects the cutting quality and appearance accuracy of railway hook fittings, but also may cause subsequent processing operations such as welding to be unable to proceed normally, increasing the processing difficulty and cost. Therefore, we have designed a laser cutting device for railway hook fittings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a laser cutting device for railway hook fittings, which solves the technical problems in the related art that when laser cutting a metal plate of a railway hook fitting with cavities inside, the cutting gas is likely to form eddy currents in the cavity area, interfering with the flow of molten metal, making it difficult for the slag to be discharged and forming slag hanging, affecting the cutting quality and appearance accuracy, and may also hinder subsequent processing.

[0006] The present invention provides a laser cutting device for railway hook fittings, including a laser cutting machine equipped with a laser cutting head, and a fixture for clamping the hook fittings is fixedly installed on the laser cutting machine; an absorption mechanism, located directly below the laser cutting head, which includes a first absorption tube that fits against the hook fittings, and an absorption component is slidably installed on the first absorption tube to drive the first absorption tube to fit against the hook fittings; a connection mechanism, which connects the laser cutting head and the absorption component, and during the process of the laser cutting head cutting the hook fittings, synchronously controls the first absorption tube to move along the cutting trajectory, so that a fixed air flow path is formed among the laser cutting head, the absorption mechanism and the connection mechanism; a cleaning mechanism, fixedly installed on the connection mechanism, which includes a metal strip equipped with bristles, and after the laser cutting head cuts the hook fittings to generate a cutting gap, the metal strip is driven by the absorption component and moves up and down in the cutting gap.

[0007] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the connection mechanism includes a U-shaped frame, one end of the U-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the laser cutting head, the other end of the U-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the absorption component, and the interior of the U-shaped frame is a cavity structure; an air extraction pump, fixedly installed on the U-shaped frame and communicated with the cavity inside the U-shaped frame.

[0008] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the absorption component includes a second absorption tube fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame; a second fixing ring, slidably installed on the second absorption tube; a first fixing ring, fixedly installed on the first absorption tube, and the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring are connected by a first spring; an extrusion ring, fixedly installed at the bottom of the second fixing ring and having an inclined surface formed thereon.

[0009] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, an extrusion mechanism is fixedly installed on the U-shaped frame; the extrusion mechanism includes a fixed box fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame; an extrusion block, slidably installed inside the fixed box and connected to the fixed box by a fourth spring.

[0010] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the absorption component further includes a first reciprocating lead screw rotatably connected to the second absorption tube; an internally threaded tube, threadedly connected to the first reciprocating lead screw, and a second connecting rod and a first connecting rod are fixedly installed thereon; a first scraping ring, fixedly installed on the first connecting rod and in contact with the inner wall of the first absorption tube; a second scraping ring, fixedly installed on the second connecting rod and in contact with the inner wall of the second absorption tube; a telescopic rod, fixedly installed on the second absorption tube and fixedly connected to the second connecting rod.

[0011] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the absorption assembly further includes a mounting bracket fixedly connected to the second absorption tube; a motor fixedly installed on the mounting bracket, and a power output shaft thereof is fixedly connected to the first reciprocating lead screw; a second gear fixedly installed on the power output shaft of the motor, and a first gear is meshed therewith.

[0012] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the cleaning mechanism further includes a sliding bracket fixedly connected to the U-shaped bracket; a sliding block slidably installed on the sliding bracket; a push rod fixedly installed at the bottom of the metal strip and connected to the sliding block through the push rod; a hollow tube slidably installed on the push rod and connected to the sliding block through a second spring.

[0013] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the cleaning mechanism further includes a fourth suction pipe fixedly connected to the sliding block; a third suction pipe slidably installed on the fourth suction pipe; a connecting pipe connecting the fourth suction pipe and the second absorption tube in communication.

[0014] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the absorption assembly further includes a mounting seat fixedly connected to the second absorption tube; a second reciprocating lead screw rotatably installed on the mounting seat and fixedly connected to the first gear; a threaded plate threadedly connected to the second reciprocating lead screw and slidably connected to the second absorption tube; a driving ring fixedly installed on the threaded plate.

[0015] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, a rotating ring is rotatably installed on the first absorption tube, a third fixing ring is fixedly installed on the rotating ring, and the third fixing ring is rotatably connected to the third suction pipe.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. For a laser cutting device for railway hook fittings of the present invention, through the U-shaped bracket and the air extraction pump in the connection mechanism, the laser cutting head is connected to the first absorption tube and the second absorption tube of the absorption mechanism. During cutting, a fixed air flow path is formed between the laser cutting head, the absorption mechanism, and the connection mechanism. The suction force generated by the air extraction pump through the cavity of the U-shaped bracket on the absorption mechanism is used to assist the flow of the cutting gas, reduce the formation of eddy currents in the cavity area of the metal plate, and thus help the slag to be discharged smoothly.

[0017] 2. For a laser cutting device for railway hook fittings of the present invention, through the cooperation of the first spring, the second fixing ring, the extrusion ring in the absorption assembly and the extrusion block and the fourth spring in the extrusion mechanism, the first spring makes the first absorption tube closely adhere to the metal plate through the compression reaction force in the initial state. When the first absorption tube is worn, the fourth spring of the extrusion mechanism pushes the extrusion block to extrude the extrusion ring, driving the second fixing ring to move upward and compress the first spring, restoring the thrust on the first absorption tube, ensuring that the first absorption tube continuously and closely adheres to the metal plate, and avoiding the leakage of suction force.

[0018] 3. A laser cutting device for railway locking hook fittings according to the present invention. The metal strip in the cleaning mechanism and the metal strip with soft metal bristles in the third suction pipe are driven by the absorption component to move up and down in the gap after the cutting generates a gap, so as to clean the residual slag and burrs. The bristles can be stretched into the cavity for polishing due to their softness. At the same time, the connecting pipe connects the third suction pipe with the second absorption pipe, and the suction of the absorption mechanism is used to absorb the polishing impurities through the suction path of the cleaning mechanism, avoiding affecting the cutting and reducing the secondary polishing work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the connection structural schematic diagram of the fixture and the absorption mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the absorption mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 is the internal structural schematic diagram of the first absorption pipe and the second absorption pipe of the present invention; Figure 5 is Figure 4 the enlarged view at A in Figure 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the first scraping ring of the present invention; Figure 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the second scraping ring of the present invention; Figure 8 is the structural schematic diagram of the extrusion mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 is the connection structural schematic diagram of the third fixing ring and the motor of the present invention; Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of the cleaning mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 is the structural schematic diagram of the sliding frame of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. Laser cutting machine; 2. Fixture; 3. Connecting mechanism; 301. Air extraction pump; 302. U-shaped frame; 303. Filter screen; 4. Absorbing mechanism; 401. First absorption tube; 402. First fixing ring; 403. First spring; 404. Second fixing ring; 405. Second absorption tube; 406. Driving ring; 407. Internal thread tube; 408. First connecting rod; 409. First scraping ring; 410. Extrusion ring; 411. Second scraping ring; 412. First reciprocating lead screw; 413. Expansion rod; 414. Second connecting rod; 415. Mounting seat; 416. Third fixing ring; 417. Second reciprocating lead screw; 418. Threaded plate; 419. First gear; 420. Second gear; 421. Motor; 422. Mounting frame; 423. Rotating ring; 5. Cleaning mechanism; 501. Third suction pipe; 502. Metal strip; 503. Fourth suction pipe; 504. Connecting pipe; 505. Sliding block; 506. Hollow pipe; 507. Second spring; 508. Third spring; 509. Push rod; 510. Sliding frame; 6. Extrusion mechanism; 601. Extrusion block; 602. Fixed box; 603. Fourth spring. Detailed implementation mode

[0021] Now, the subject matter described herein will be discussed with reference to exemplary implementation modes. It should be understood that discussing these implementation modes is only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the subject matter described herein. Without departing from the scope of protection of the content of this specification, changes can be made to the functions and arrangements of the elements discussed. Each example can omit, substitute, or add various processes or components as needed. Additionally, the features described in some examples can also be combined in other examples.

[0022] As Figures 1 to 11As shown in the figure, a laser cutting device for railway hook fittings according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a laser cutting machine 1 equipped with a laser cutting head. A fixture 2 for clamping the hook fittings is fixedly installed on the laser cutting machine 1. There are many types of hook fittings, including many metal plates. After these metal plates are welded, the required fittings can be formed. Before welding these metal plates, they need to be drilled to facilitate subsequent use. When drilling these metal plates, they need to be first installed in the fixture 2 for fixation. The absorption mechanism 4 is located directly below the laser cutting head and includes a first absorption tube 401 that fits against the hook fittings. An absorption assembly for driving the first absorption tube 401 to fit against the hook fittings is slidably installed on the first absorption tube 401. The connection mechanism 3 connects the laser cutting head and the absorption assembly, and during the process of the laser cutting head cutting the hook fittings, it synchronously controls the first absorption tube 401 to move along the cutting trajectory, so that a fixed air flow path is formed among the laser cutting head, the absorption mechanism 4, and the connection mechanism 3. During the process of the laser cutting head performing circular cutting on the metal plate, it will continuously move along the circular trajectory. Since the connection mechanism 3 is connected to the laser cutting head, the connection mechanism 3 can synchronously drive the absorption mechanism 4 to move. And the absorption mechanism 4 is located directly below the laser cutting head, so the impurities generated by the laser cutting will directly fall into the absorption mechanism 4 and be collected.

[0023] However, the structures inside not all metal plates are intact. Some metal plates contain cavities inside. When laser cutting encounters the problem of metal plate cavities, the cutting gas used in laser cutting may form vortices at the cavities, interfering with the normal flow of the molten metal and making it more difficult to be completely blown out of the cutting area. This will cause the slag in the cutting process to be unable to be discharged, forming slag adhesion. Due to the action of the connection mechanism 3, a suction force will be formed in the absorption mechanism 4. The auxiliary gas blown by the laser cutting head itself will interact with the suction force generated by the absorption mechanism 4 to form a stable flow path. In this way, the suction force in the absorption mechanism 4 can assist the movement of the auxiliary gas, reduce the generation of vortices of the auxiliary gas in the metal plate cavity area, and enable the auxiliary gas to flow normally to assist the discharge of the slag. The cleaning mechanism 5 is fixedly installed on the connection mechanism 3 and includes a metal strip 502 equipped with bristles. After the laser cutting head cuts the hook fittings to generate a cutting gap, the metal strip 502 is driven by the absorption assembly and moves up and down in the cutting gap. Since the metal strip 502 with bristles enters the cutting gap and moves along the cutting gap, if there is still residual slag inside the cutting gap, the metal strip 502 can also clean the residual slag in the cutting gap and clean the burrs at the cutting gap during the up and down movement. And because the bristles are made of soft metal material and have flexible movement, when encountering a cavity, they will spread out due to the lack of space obstruction and extend into the cavity to polish the edge and inside of the cavity to ensure the smoothness inside the cavity and avoid the need for secondary polishing later.

[0024] It should be noted that the metal plate is first placed and clamped by the fixture 2. Due to the limitation of the metal plate, the metal strip 502 and the first absorption tube 401 will be moved downward, so that the metal strip 502 and the first absorption tube 401 are always in contact with the metal plate. During the process of laser cutting the metal plate by the laser cutting head, the metal strip 502 moves along with it, absorbs the impurities generated during the laser cutting process, and assists the auxiliary gas to flow. And the first absorption tube 401 will process the cutting gap subsequently to ensure the smoothness of the cutting gap.

[0025] As Figure 2 shown, the connecting mechanism 3 includes a U-shaped frame 302. One end of the U-shaped frame 302 is fixedly connected to the laser cutting head, and the other end of the U-shaped frame 302 is fixedly connected to the absorption assembly. The interior of the U-shaped frame 302 is a cavity structure; the air extraction pump 301 is fixedly installed on the U-shaped frame 302 and is communicated with the cavity inside the U-shaped frame 302.

[0026] It should be noted that the cavity structure of the U-shaped frame 302 is just communicated with the absorption assembly. Thus, during the process of the laser cutting head cutting the metal plate, when the air extraction pump 301 is started, the air extraction pump 301 will suck the inside of the U-shaped frame 302, so that the suction force of the U-shaped frame 302 acts on the absorption assembly and finally acts on the inside of the first absorption tube 401. In this way, a suction force will be generated inside the first absorption tube 401, and the suction force can assist the flow of the auxiliary gas, avoiding the situation that the auxiliary gas cannot be discharged in time when encountering the cavity of the metal plate and affecting the discharge of the molten slag.

[0027] As Figure 3 shown, the absorption assembly includes a second absorption tube 405 fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame 302. The second absorption tube 405 is communicated with the U-shaped frame 302. In this way, the second absorption tube 405, the first absorption tube 401, the U-shaped frame 302, and the air extraction pump 301 form an absorption channel to absorb the weld seam and the auxiliary gas, forming a movable gas flow path; the second fixing ring 404 is slidably installed on the second absorption tube 405; the first fixing ring 402 is fixedly installed on the first absorption tube 401, and the first fixing ring 402 and the second fixing ring 404 are connected by a first spring 403. The first spring 403 at this place will always be in a fully compressed state due to the limitation of the metal plate on the first absorption tube 401. Since the first spring 403 is fully compressed, it can act on the first absorption tube 401 in the opposite direction, so that it always presses the metal plate and makes it in close contact with the metal plate, avoiding the appearance of gaps and causing suction leakage; the extrusion ring 410 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second fixing ring 404, and an inclined surface is provided thereon.

[0028] It should be noted that when the metal plate is placed on the fixture 2, due to the action of the first spring 403, the first absorption tube 401 will continuously move away from the second absorption tube 405. After the metal plate is fixed, the metal plate is located above the first absorption tube 401. With the position of the metal plate fixed, the first absorption tube 401 can be effectively moved downward, squeezing the first spring 403 to make the first spring 403 in a fully compressed state, ensuring the contact between the first absorption tube 401 and the metal plate. During the working process of the laser cutting head, it needs to move along a specified path. In this specified path, the first absorption tube 401 will also move continuously. Since the first absorption tube 401 is tightly connected to the metal plate, the first absorption tube 401 will continuously rub against the metal plate. The moving path of the first absorption tube 401 is the same as the cutting path, which can initially polish the bottom of the cutting gap. Even if the first absorption tube 401 is damaged due to friction during movement, due to the action of the first spring 403, the first absorption tube 401 will be close to the metal plate, so it can always fit with the metal plate.

[0029] As Figure 4 and Figure 8 shown, an extrusion mechanism 6 is fixedly installed on the U-shaped frame 302. Since the extrusion mechanism 6 is fixedly installed on the U-shaped frame 302, it will always be in a position, which can limit the second fixing ring 404 and block the moving path of the second fixing ring 404. Thus, when the first absorption tube 401 is squeezed by the metal plate, the second fixing ring 404 will interact with the extrusion mechanism 6; the extrusion mechanism 6 includes a fixing box 602 fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame 302; an extrusion block 601 is slidably installed inside the fixing box 602 and is connected to the fixing box 602 through a fourth spring 603.

[0030] It should be noted that due to the action of the extrusion block 601 on the extrusion ring 410 and the action of the metal plate on the first absorption tube 401, the first spring 403 will always be in a tightly squeezed state. When the first absorption tube 401 is worn, the first spring 403 will cause the first absorption tube 401 to move upward, so that the first absorption tube 401 will continue to contact the metal plate. However, the thrust that the first spring 403 can provide will become weaker. The fourth spring 603 is provided to push the extrusion block 601 to move, and the extrusion block 601 will squeeze the extrusion ring 410 to make the extrusion ring 410 move upward. In this way, the extrusion ring 410 will drive the second fixing ring 404 to move upward, so that the second fixing ring 404 squeezes the first spring 403, so that the first spring 403 can be in a fully squeezed state again. Thus, the first spring 403 can still provide the original thrust for the first absorption tube 401, enabling the first absorption tube 401 to always be in close contact with the metal plate, effectively avoiding the phenomenon of suction leakage due to insufficient contact.

[0031] As Figures 4 to 7As shown, the absorption component further includes a first reciprocating lead screw 412 rotatably connected to the second absorption tube 405; the internal thread tube 407 is threadedly connected to the first reciprocating lead screw 412, and a second connecting rod 414 and a first connecting rod 408 are fixedly installed thereon; a first scraping ring 409 is fixedly installed on the first connecting rod 408 and contacts the inner wall of the first absorption tube 401. The contact between the first scraping ring 409 and the inner wall of the first absorption tube 401 is to clean the inner wall of the first absorption tube 401 during the up and down movement of the internal thread tube 407, to prevent impurities such as molten slag from adhering to the inner wall of the first absorption tube 401; a second scraping ring 411 is fixedly installed on the second connecting rod 414 and contacts the inner wall of the second absorption tube 405. The contact between the second scraping ring 411 and the inner wall of the second absorption tube 405 is to clean the inner wall of the second absorption tube 405 during the up and down movement of the internal thread tube 407, to prevent impurities such as molten slag from adhering to the inner wall of the second absorption tube 405; a telescopic rod 413 is fixedly installed on the second absorption tube 405 and fixedly connected to the second connecting rod 414.

[0032] It should be noted that when the laser cutting head is working, the laser cutting head cuts the metal plate. Since the metal plate is cut, sparks will be generated. And because the metal plate is cut through, the generated sparks will be ejected at the bottom of the metal plate. The first absorption tube 401 just covers the laser cutting area, so that all the sparks generated by cutting will fall into the first absorption tube 401. Due to the splashing of sparks, some will land on the inner wall of the first absorption tube 401 and thus adhere to the inner wall of the first absorption tube 401. At this time, the first reciprocating lead screw 412 can be rotated. Due to the limitation of the telescopic rod 413, the rotation of the first reciprocating lead screw 412 will cause the internal thread tube 407 to move up and down. In this way, the first scraping ring 409 will also continuously move up and down. The movement of the first scraping ring 409 will scrape the inner wall of the first absorption tube 401, so that the molten slag adhering to the inner wall of the first absorption tube 401 is cleaned, preventing the molten slag from affecting the use of the first absorption tube 401. And a filter screen 303 is also fixedly installed on the U-shaped frame 302. The filter screen 303 and the second absorption tube 405 form a complete tube wall. In this way, during the up and down movement of the first scraping ring 409, the second scraping ring 411 will also move up and down together. The up and down movement of the second scraping ring 411 will act on the filter screen 303, so that the impurities adhering to the filter screen 303 are cleaned, preventing the impurities from blocking the filter screen 303 and affecting the flow velocity of the air flow path, which may cause the molten slag to not be discharged well and form slag hanging. And an openable opening is also provided on the second absorption tube 405, and this opening is used to discharge the residual impurities in the second absorption tube 405.

[0033] As Figure 9As shown, the absorption assembly further includes a mounting bracket 422 fixedly connected to the second absorption tube 405; a motor 421 is fixedly installed on the mounting bracket 422, and its power output shaft is fixedly connected to the first reciprocating lead screw 412; a second gear 420 is fixedly installed on the power output shaft of the motor 421, and a first gear 419 is meshed therewith.

[0034] It should be noted that when the laser cutting head starts to work, the motor 421 is started, and the motor 421 drives the first reciprocating lead screw 412 to rotate, so that the inner threaded tube 407 moves up and down to complete the cleaning of the inside of the first absorption tube 401 and the second absorption tube 405.

[0035] As Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the cleaning mechanism 5 further includes a sliding bracket 510 fixedly connected to the U-shaped bracket 302. A slot is provided on the sliding bracket 510 to facilitate the subsequent movement of the metal strip 502 in the slot. Since the sizes and paths of the circles cut from the metal plate are different, in order for the metal strip 502 to enter the cutting gap, its position needs to be adjusted to ensure that the metal strip 502 can enter and be used normally; a sliding block 505 is slidably installed on the sliding bracket 510, and the sliding block 505 can be connected to the sliding bracket 510 by bolts. In this way, after the sliding block 505 moves to the specified position, it can be fixed to prevent deviation during subsequent movement, resulting in the metal strip 502 being unable to enter the cutting gap; a push rod 509 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the metal strip 502 and is connected to the sliding block 505 through the push rod 509; a hollow tube 506 is slidably installed on the push rod 509 and is connected to the sliding block 505 through a second spring 507.

[0036] It should be noted that when the metal plate is placed on the fixture 2, it not only presses the first absorption tube 401, but also presses the metal strip 502. In this way, the metal strip 502 will move, and the movement of the metal strip 502 will press the hollow tube 506, so that the second spring 507 will be stretched. When the metal strip 502 encounters the cutting gap, the metal strip 502 will enter the cutting gap due to the action of the second spring 507, so that the entered metal strip 502 can polish the cutting gap or clean the slag.

[0037] As Figure 10 As shown, the cleaning mechanism 5 further includes a fourth suction pipe 503 fixedly connected to the sliding block 505; a third suction pipe 501 is slidably installed on the fourth suction pipe 503; a connecting pipe 504 connects the fourth suction pipe 503 and the second absorption tube 405.

[0038] It should be noted that due to the function of the connecting pipe 504, the original suction path between the U-shaped frame 302 and the first spring 403 will change to the suction path of the third suction pipe 501, the fourth suction pipe 503, the connecting pipe 504, and the second absorption pipe 405. In this way, after the metal strip 502 drives the bristles into the cutting gap, it will polish the cutting gap. Impurities will be generated during the polishing process, and due to the suction effect inside the third suction pipe 501, the impurities will be absorbed and cleaned, preventing the impurities from being driven above the metal plate by the movement of the metal strip 502 and the bristles, which may affect the laser cutting of the metal plate.

[0039] As Figure 9 shown, the absorption assembly further includes a mounting seat 415 fixedly connected to the second absorption pipe 405; the second reciprocating lead screw 417 is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat 415 and fixedly connected to the first gear 419; the threaded plate 418 is threadedly connected to the second reciprocating lead screw 417 and slidably connected to the second absorption pipe 405; the drive ring 406 is fixedly mounted on the threaded plate 418.

[0040] It should be noted that when the motor 421 drives the first reciprocating lead screw 412 to rotate, it will also drive the second gear 420 to rotate. The rotation of the second gear 420 will drive the first gear 419 to rotate. The rotation of the first gear 419 will drive the second reciprocating lead screw 417 to rotate. The rotation of the second reciprocating lead screw 417 will cause the threaded plate 418 to continuously move up and down rapidly in a reciprocating manner, and the connected drive ring 406 will also move up and down rapidly in a reciprocating manner. The rapid reciprocating up and down movement of the drive ring 406 will squeeze or release the push rod 509. When the push rod 509 is squeezed, it will drive the metal strip 502 to move upward. After the push rod 509 is squeezed and released, it will move downward due to the third spring 508. In this way, the push rod 509 will always be acted on and move up and down rapidly, causing the metal strip 502 and the bristles to move up and down rapidly together to polish and clean the cutting gap. During the process of the laser cutting head cutting along the path, both the first absorption pipe 401 and the third suction pipe 501 will move together. When the metal strip 502 moves up and down continuously, it can not only rely on the movement of the laser cutting head to drive the metal strip 502 to move in the cutting gap, but also the metal strip 502 can move up and down while moving, quickly cleaning the burrs. If the metal strip 502 cannot clean well while moving in the cutting weld, the laser cutting head can first perform a laser cutting operation once, and then perform an operation without laser cutting once to ensure that the metal strip 502 and the bristles can clean the burrs well.

[0041] As Figure 3 shown, a rotating ring 423 is rotatably mounted on the first absorption pipe 401, and a third fixing ring 416 is fixedly mounted on the rotating ring 423. The third fixing ring 416 is rotatably connected to the third suction pipe 501.

[0042] It should be noted that when the slider 505 drives the metal strip 502 to move, the third fixed ring 416 also causes the rotating ring 423 to rotate around the first absorption tube 401. Since the third suction tube 501 is also constantly pressing against the metal plate, during the laser cutting process, it will rub against the metal plate, which may cause loss. Since the third suction tube 501 and the first absorption tube 401 move synchronously and are worn out synchronously, the two will be acted on by the first spring 403 synchronously, so as to always be in contact with the metal plate, meeting the air suction requirement and preventing the problem of suction leakage.

[0043] Working principle: When the laser cutting head of the laser cutting machine 1 cuts the hook fitting metal plate fixed by the fixture 2, the air extraction pump 301 is started. It generates suction through the cavity of the U-shaped frame 302, so that the first absorption tube 401 and the second absorption tube 405 form an air flow path with the U-shaped frame 302, absorbing the impurities generated by cutting and assisting the flow of cutting gas, and reducing the eddy current in the cavity area.

[0044] The metal plate presses the first absorption tube 401 to compress the first spring 403, ensuring that the first absorption tube 401 is closely attached to the metal plate; when the first absorption tube 401 is worn, the extrusion block 601 is pushed by the fourth spring 603 to press the extrusion ring 410, driving the second fixed ring 404 to move upward to compress the first spring 403, maintaining the fitting pressure between the first absorption tube 401 and the metal plate.

[0045] The motor 421 drives the first reciprocating lead screw 412 to rotate, so that the internally threaded tube 407 drives the first scraping ring 409 and the second scraping ring 411 to move up and down through the first connecting rod 408 and the second connecting rod 414, cleaning the impurities on the inner walls of the first absorption tube 401 and the second absorption tube 405; at the same time, the second gear 420 drives the first gear 419 to rotate the second reciprocating lead screw 417, driving the threaded plate 418 and the driving ring 406 to reciprocate, and pushing the metal strip 502 to move up and down in the cutting gap through the push rod 509. Its soft metal bristles clean the slag and burrs and extend into the cavity for grinding; the third suction tube 501 is communicated with the second absorption tube 405 through the connecting tube 504, and uses suction to absorb the grinding impurities.

[0046] The above describes the embodiments of the present invention, but these embodiments are not limited to the above specific implementation manners. The above specific implementation manners are only illustrative and not restrictive. Under the inspiration of this embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make many forms, all of which fall within the protection scope of this embodiment.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device for railway hook fittings, comprising a laser cutting machine (1) equipped with a laser cutting head, characterized in that: A fixture (2) for clamping and locking hook fittings is fixedly installed on the laser cutting machine (1); An absorption mechanism (4), located directly below the laser cutting head, includes a first absorption tube (401) that fits against the locking hook fitting. An absorption component for driving the first absorption tube (401) to fit against the locking hook fitting is slidably installed on the first absorption tube (401); A connection mechanism (3) connects the laser cutting head to the absorption component, and synchronously controls the first absorption tube (401) to move along the cutting trajectory during the process of the laser cutting head cutting the locking hook fitting, so that a fixed air flow path is formed among the laser cutting head, the absorption mechanism (4), and the connection mechanism (3); A cleaning mechanism (5) is fixedly installed on the connection mechanism (3), and includes a metal strip (502) with bristles. After the laser cutting head cuts a cutting gap in the locking hook fitting, the metal strip (502) is driven by the absorption component and moves up and down in the cutting gap; 2. The laser cutting device for railway hook fittings according to claim 1, wherein: The connection mechanism (3) includes a U-shaped frame (302). One end of the U-shaped frame (302) is fixedly connected to the laser cutting head, and the other end of the U-shaped frame (302) is fixedly connected to the absorption component. The interior of the U-shaped frame (302) is a cavity structure; An air extraction pump (301) is fixedly installed on the U-shaped frame (302) and is connected to the cavity inside the U-shaped frame (302); 3. A laser cutting device for railway hook fittings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The absorption component includes a second absorption tube (405) fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame (302); A second fixing ring (404) is slidably installed on the second absorption tube (405); A first fixing ring (402) is fixedly installed on the first absorption tube (401). The first fixing ring (402) is connected to the second fixing ring (404) by a first spring (403); An extrusion ring (410) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second fixing ring (404), and an inclined surface is provided thereon; 4. A laser cutting device for railway hook fittings according to claim 2, characterized in that: An extrusion mechanism (6) is fixedly installed on the U-shaped frame (302); The extrusion mechanism (6) includes a fixed box (602) fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame (302); An extrusion block (601) is slidably installed inside the fixed box (602) and is connected to the fixed box (602) by a fourth spring (603); 5. The laser cutting device for railway hook fittings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The absorption component further includes a first reciprocating lead screw (412) rotatably connected to the second absorption tube (405); An internally threaded tube (407) is threadedly connected to the first reciprocating lead screw (412), and a second connecting rod (414) and a first connecting rod (408) are fixedly installed thereon; A first scraping ring (409) is fixedly installed on the first connecting rod (408) and is in contact with the inner wall of the first absorption tube (401); A second scraping ring (411) is fixedly installed on the second connecting rod (414) and is in contact with the inner wall of the second absorption tube (405); An expansion rod (413) is fixedly installed on the second absorption tube (405) and is fixedly connected to the second connecting rod (414); 6. The laser cutting device for railway hook fittings according to claim 5, wherein: The absorption component further includes a mounting bracket (422) fixedly connected to the second absorption tube (405); The motor (421) is fixedly installed on the mounting frame (422), and its power output shaft is fixedly connected to the first reciprocating lead screw (412); The second gear (420) is fixedly installed on the power output shaft of the motor (421), and the first gear (419) is meshed therewith.

7. A laser cutting device for railway hook fittings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism (5) further includes a sliding frame (510) fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame (302); The sliding block (505) is slidably installed on the sliding frame (510); The push rod (509) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the metal strip (502) and is connected to the sliding block (505) through the push rod (509); The hollow tube (506) is slidably installed on the push rod (509) and is connected to the sliding block (505) through the second spring (507).

8. A laser cutting device for railway hook fittings according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism (5) further includes a fourth suction pipe (503) fixedly connected to the sliding block (505); The third suction pipe (501) is slidably installed on the fourth suction pipe (503); The connecting pipe (504) communicates the fourth suction pipe (503) with the second absorption pipe (405).

9. A laser cutting device for railway hook fittings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The absorption assembly further includes a mounting seat (415) fixedly connected to the second absorption pipe (405); The second reciprocating lead screw (417) is rotatably installed on the mounting seat (415) and is fixedly connected to the first gear (419); The threaded plate (418) is threadedly connected to the second reciprocating lead screw (417) and is slidably connected to the second absorption pipe (405); The driving ring (406) is fixedly installed on the threaded plate (418).

10. A laser cutting device for railway hook fittings according to claim 8, characterized in that: A rotating ring (423) is rotatably installed on the first absorption pipe (401), a third fixing ring (416) is fixedly installed on the rotating ring (423), and the third fixing ring (416) is rotatably connected to the third suction pipe (501).

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