Special large-particle fertilizer for rubber trees and preparation method of special large-particle fertilizer

Abstract

The invention discloses a special large-particle fertilizer for rubber trees and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, the special large-particle fertilizer for rubber trees comprises the following raw materials: organic matter, inorganic fertilizer, diatomite, polypeptide, seaweed extract, chitin, trace elements, an adhesive and a slow release agent, the preparation method comprises the following steps: simply mixing the raw materials according to the dosage ratio and a certain adding sequence, and carrying out hydraulic injection molding. All the raw materials in the special large-particle fertilizer for the rubber trees disclosed by the invention are matched with one another and jointly exert a synergistic effect, so that the dry glue yield of the rubber trees is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, and in particular relates to a large-particle fertilizer special for rubber trees and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Natural rubber tree is a perennial tall tree plant, which is suitable for growing in acidic soil with deep soil layer, fertile and moist, good drainage, and the soil of my country's rubber tree planting is mainly brick red soil and red soil, which are mostly poor and have low nutrient content, so rubber tree grows slowly and has low latex production. There are fewer special fertilizers for rubber trees in the existing market, and chemical fertilizers are the main ones, and fertilizer nutrients are easily leached, and nutrients are incomplete and not easily absorbed, and organic matter content is few, which can not meet the demand of rubber tree growth and development for nutrients, and has a strong impact on the growth rate of rubber tree, and further affects the latex production of rubber tree. In addition, traditional fertilizer forms such as powdered or small granular fertilizers are easy to fly and lose during application, and are not easy to be evenly distributed and quantitative fertilization, which affects the effective utilization of fertilizers.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a fertilizer that can provide comprehensive nutrition and significantly increase the rubber yield of rubber trees, which has important economic and ecological significance. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a large-particle fertilizer specially used for rubber trees and a preparation method thereof, wherein each raw material plays its specific role and forms a complementary and synergistic effect with each other, thereby achieving the best fertilization effect and significantly improving the rubber production of rubber trees.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] One of the technical solutions of the present invention:

[0007] A large-particle fertilizer specially used for rubber trees, comprising the following raw materials:

[0008] Organic matter, inorganic fertilizers, diatomaceous earth, peptides, seaweed extracts, chitin, trace elements, adhesives and slow-release agents.

[0009] Beneficial effects: The invention discloses a special large-particle fertilizer for increasing the rubber yield of rubber trees, comprising the above-mentioned multiple raw materials, each raw material cooperates with each other to jointly exert a synergistic effect, thereby effectively increasing the rubber yield of rubber trees.

[0010] Preferably, the large-particle fertilizer specifically for rubber trees comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0011] 15-20 parts of organic matter, 30-45 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 8-12 parts of diatomaceous earth, 2-5 parts of polypeptide, 4-8 parts of seaweed extract, 4-6 parts of chitin, 2-5 parts of trace elements, 5-9 parts of adhesive and 0.1-0.5 parts of slow-release agent.

[0012] Preferably, the organic matter includes one or more of humic acid, peat, and livestock and poultry manure.

[0013] Beneficial effects: Organic matter can provide organic nutrition, improve soil structure, increase soil fertility, promote the activity of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, and cooperate with inorganic fertilizers, trace elements, etc. to provide comprehensive nutrition, further enhancing the soil's ability to retain water and fertilizer.

[0014] Preferably, the inorganic fertilizer includes nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, and the mass ratio of the three is (6-10): (3-4): (5-6).

[0015] Further, the nitrogen fertilizer includes one or more of urea, ammonium sulfate or ammonium chloride;

[0016] The phosphate fertilizer includes one or more of monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate or superphosphate;

[0017] The potash fertilizer includes one or more of potassium sulfate or potassium chloride.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The inorganic fertilizer defined in the present invention provides essential macro- and medium-amount elements, such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), etc., which meet the nutrition required for the growth of rubber trees. It is combined with organic matter, trace elements, etc. to ensure the comprehensiveness and balance of nutrition and avoid the deficiency of a single nutrient element.

[0019] Preferably, the particle size of the diatomaceous earth is 10-100 μm; the content of silicon dioxide is 85-90%.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The diatomaceous earth defined in the present invention can improve soil aeration and drainage, increase soil looseness, and be beneficial to root growth. It can be combined with organic matter, inorganic fertilizers, etc. to improve soil physical properties and enhance soil aeration and water retention.

[0021] Preferably, the polypeptide is composed of soybean polypeptide, yield-increasing amine, propyl dihydrojasmonate and gibberellin in a mass ratio of 5-10:1:1:1.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The polypeptide defined in the present invention is used as a biostimulant to promote plant growth, enhance plant stress resistance and immunity, and cooperate with seaweed extract and chitin raw materials to jointly improve the physiological function and disease resistance of rubber trees.

[0023] Preferably, the preparation process of the seaweed extract is:

[0024] Select fresh seaweed, wash it clean with clear water, crush it, and add water and stir evenly to form a homogeneous slurry.

[0025] Pour the homogeneous slurry into an extraction tank, add an organic solvent (ethanol), adjust the pH value to 5.5 - 7.0, let it stand at room temperature for extraction for 12 - 24 h, then filter and evaporate the solvent to obtain a concentrated solution.

[0026] Place the concentrated solution in a vacuum drying oven for vacuum drying to obtain a powdery seaweed extract.

[0027] Beneficial effects: The seaweed extract defined in the present invention contains various bioactive substances such as polysaccharides, amino acids, vitamins, etc., which can promote plant growth, improve stress resistance and immunity, and cooperate with polypeptides and chitin to enhance the overall health status and growth potential of rubber trees.

[0028] Preferably, the trace elements are composed of zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, borax and agricultural rare earth, wherein the mass ratio of zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, borax and agricultural rare earth is 1∶1∶1∶1.

[0029] Beneficial effects: The trace elements defined in the present invention provide the trace nutrient elements required for the growth of rubber trees, such as zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), boron (B), etc. These elements are crucial for the growth and development of rubber trees. Cooperating with inorganic fertilizers, organic matters, etc., it ensures the comprehensiveness and balance of nutrition and avoids the lack of trace elements.

[0030] Preferably, the binder is carboxymethyl cellulose or starch.

[0031] Preferably, the slow - release agent is a nitrification inhibitor or a urease inhibitor.

[0032] Beneficial effects: The binder defined in the present invention makes the prepared fertilizer granules have a certain viscosity, which is convenient for extrusion molding. Cooperating with slow - release agents, diatomite, etc., it ensures the stability and long - term effectiveness of the special large - particle fertilizer for rubber trees; in addition, the slow - release agent defined in the present invention enables the nutrients in the fertilizer to be slowly released, prolongs the action time of the fertilizer, improves the fertilizer utilization rate, and cooperates with inorganic fertilizers, trace elements, etc., to ensure the continuous supply of nutrients and avoid waste and pollution caused by a large amount of one - time application.

[0033] The second technical solution of the present invention:

[0034] The preparation method of the special large - particle fertilizer for rubber trees includes the following steps:

[0035] (1) Mix the organic matter, inorganic fertilizer, diatomite, polypeptide, seaweed extract, chitin and trace elements evenly.

[0036] (2) Add a binder and a slow-release agent to the mixed materials, and continue to stir evenly to make the materials have a certain viscosity;

[0037] (3) Subject the raw materials uniformly mixed in step (2) to hydraulic injection molding to prepare the special large-grained fertilizer for rubber trees.

[0038] Preferably, the conditions for the hydraulic injection molding process are: the hydraulic pressure is 100 tons, and the pressure holding time is 5 s.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0040] In the present invention, organic matter, inorganic fertilizer and trace elements jointly provide comprehensive nutrition to ensure that rubber trees can obtain the required nutrient elements at each growth stage; organic matter and diatomite jointly improve the soil structure, enhance the air permeability and water retention of the soil, and create a good environment for the root growth of rubber trees; polypeptides, seaweed extracts and chitin, as biostimulants, synergistically promote the growth of rubber trees, enhance their stress resistance and immunity; the slow-release agent and the binder act together to make the fertilizer granules have good stability and long-acting properties, ensure the slow release of nutrients, and improve the fertilizer utilization rate. That is, all the raw materials of the present invention cooperate with each other to jointly exert a comprehensive effect and increase the rubber yield of rubber trees. Detailed Embodiments

[0041] The various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics and implementation schemes of the present invention.

[0042] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical ranges in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Each intermediate value within any stated value or stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0043] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. Although the present invention only describes preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials related to the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0044] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.

[0045] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0046] The "room temperature" in the present invention refers to 20-30°C unless otherwise specified.

[0047] The "parts" described in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, refer to parts by mass.

[0048] The raw materials used in the present invention are all purchased from the market.

[0049] The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following embodiments.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] A large-particle fertilizer specially used for rubber trees, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0052] 20 parts of organic matter (composed of humic acid and fermented livestock and poultry manure in a mass ratio of 1:2), 45 parts of inorganic fertilizer (urea, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate in a mass ratio of 10:4:6), 12 parts of diatomaceous earth (particle size 55μm, silicon dioxide content 90%), 5 parts of polypeptide (composed of soybean polypeptide, yield-increasing amine, dihydrojasmonate and gibberellin in a mass ratio of 6:1:1:1), 8 parts of seaweed extract, 6 parts of chitin, 5 parts of trace elements (zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, borax and agricultural rare earth in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1), 9 parts of adhesive (carboxymethyl cellulose) and 0.25 parts of slow-release agent (DMPP, 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate, a nitrification inhibitor);

[0053] The preparation process of seaweed extract is as follows:

[0054] Choose fresh seaweed, clean it with clean water, crush it, add water and stir well to form a homogenate;

[0055] Pour the homogenate into an extraction tank, add ethanol, adjust the pH value to 6.0, stand at room temperature for 18 hours, and then filter and evaporate the solvent to obtain a concentrated solution;

[0056] The concentrated liquid is placed in a vacuum drying oven for vacuum drying to obtain a powdered seaweed extract.

[0057] The preparation process of the above-mentioned large-particle fertilizer specially used for rubber trees:

[0058] (1) mixing organic matter, inorganic fertilizer, diatomaceous earth, polypeptide, seaweed extract, chitin and trace elements uniformly to obtain a mixed material 1;

[0059] (2) adding a binder and a sustained-release agent to the mixed material 1, and continuing to stir evenly to make the material have a certain viscosity, thereby obtaining a mixed material 2;

[0060] (3) Mixture 2 is added into a mould, the hydraulic press pressure is set to 100 tons, and the dwell time is set to 5s, and hydraulic injection moulding is carried out to obtain a special large-particle fertilizer for rubber trees.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] The difference from Example 1 is that the raw material ratio is:

[0063] 18 parts of organic matter, 45 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 10 parts of diatomaceous earth, 4 parts of polypeptides, 5 parts of seaweed extract, 5 parts of chitin, 4 parts of trace elements, 7 parts of adhesives and 0.25 parts of slow-release agents.

[0064] Other preparation conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] The difference from Example 1 is that the raw material ratio is:

[0067] 15 parts of organic matter, 45 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 8 parts of diatomaceous earth, 2 parts of polypeptide, 4 parts of seaweed extract, 4 parts of chitin, 2 parts of trace elements, 5 parts of adhesive and 0.25 parts of slow-release agent.

[0068] Other preparation conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0069] Example 4

[0070] The difference from Example 1 is that

[0071] The soybean polypeptide, yield-increasing amine, propyl dihydrojasmonate and gibberellin are composed in a mass ratio of 10:1:1:1.

[0072] Other preparation conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0073] Comparative Example 1

[0074] The difference from Example 1 is that no seaweed extract is added to the fertilizer raw material.

[0075] Other preparation conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0076] Comparative Example 2

[0077] The difference from Example 1 is that no polypeptide is added to the fertilizer raw material.

[0078] Other preparation conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0079] Comparative Example 3

[0080] Use a commercially available special fertilizer for rubber trees.

[0081] Effect verification

[0082] Select test plots with similar soil conditions, divide the test plots into seven regions on average, plant each region as one tree position (each tree position has about 400 rubber trees), and apply the fertilizers in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 respectively. Among them, the rubber tree variety is PR107 and tapping started in 2013. During 2022-2023, manage the rubber trees using the same management method, apply fertilizer twice a year, and the yield per tree position in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 is shown in Table 1:

[0083] Table 1

[0084]

[0085]

[0086] According to the results in Table 1, it can be seen that: compared with applying the commercially available special fertilizer for rubber trees in Comparative Example 3, the dry rubber yield of rubber trees applying the fertilizers in Examples 1-4 of the present invention increased by more than 15%, and the highest yield increase reached 26.5%. And it is higher than the dry rubber yield of rubber trees in Comparative Examples 1-2, indicating that the seaweed extract, polypeptide and chitin in the fertilizer dedicated to rubber trees disclosed in the present invention have a synergistic effect and can jointly promote the healthy growth of rubber trees and further improve the dry rubber yield of rubber trees.

[0087] The above is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A special large - granule fertilizer for rubber trees, characterized in that, Including the following ingredients: Organic matter, inorganic fertilizers, diatomaceous earth, peptides, seaweed extracts, chitin, trace elements, adhesives and slow-release agents.

2. The special large-particle fertilizer for rubber trees according to claim 1, characterized in that, The large-particle fertilizer specially used for rubber trees comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of organic matter, 30-45 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 8-12 parts of diatomaceous earth, 2-5 parts of polypeptide, 4-8 parts of seaweed extract, 4-6 parts of chitin, 2-5 parts of trace elements, 5-9 parts of adhesive and 0.1-0.5 parts of slow-release agent.

3. The special large granular fertilizer for rubber trees according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inorganic fertilizer includes nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, and the mass ratio of the three is (6-10): (3-4): (5-6).

4. A special large - granule fertilizer for rubber trees according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation process of the seaweed extract is as follows: Choose fresh seaweed, wash and chop it, add water and mix well to form a homogenate; Adding an organic solvent to the homogenate, adjusting the pH value to 5.5-7.0, extracting at room temperature for 12-24 hours, filtering, and evaporating the solvent to obtain a concentrated solution; The concentrated solution is vacuum dried to obtain a powdered seaweed extract.

5. A large-particle fertilizer for special use on rubber trees according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trace elements are composed of zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, borax and agricultural rare earth; Wherein, the mass ratio of the zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, borax and agricultural rare earth is 1:1:1:

1.

6. The special large - granule fertilizer for rubber trees according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polypeptide is composed of soybean polypeptide, yield-increasing amine, propyl dihydrojasmonate and gibberellin in a mass ratio of 5-10:1:1:

1.

7. A special large-particle fertilizer for rubber trees according to claim 1, characterized in that, The binder is carboxymethyl cellulose or starch; The sustained-release agent is a nitrification inhibitor or a urease inhibitor.

8. A method for preparing a special large-grained fertilizer for rubber trees, characterized in that, The following steps are involved: (1) mixing the organic matter, inorganic fertilizer, diatomaceous earth, polypeptide, seaweed extract, chitin and trace elements uniformly; (2) adding a binder and a sustained-release agent to the mixture obtained in step (1), and continuing to stir evenly; (3) the raw materials mixed in step (2) are subjected to hydraulic injection molding to prepare the large-particle fertilizer for rubber trees described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The preparation method of a special large-particle fertilizer for rubber trees according to claim 8, characterized in that, The conditions of the hydraulic injection molding process are: the hydraulic pressure is 100 tons and the holding time is 5 seconds.

Images