Multifunctional fumigation-free fireproof tray of modified polymer and preparation method of multifunctional fumigation-free fireproof tray

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of materials and environmental protection, and discloses a multifunctional fumigation-free fireproof tray of a modified polymer and a preparation method of the multifunctional fumigation-free fireproof tray. 0-30 parts of natural resin; 10 to 20 parts of a bio-based polymer; 5 to 15 parts of a fireproof flame retardant; 5-15 parts of an environment-friendly preservative; the modified polyurethane is a polyurethane modified polymer formed by reaction of polyisocyanate and polyol, and the molecular weight of the modified polyurethane is 5000-10000; the natural resin is extracted from natural plants, the natural plants are selected from rosin and tung oil, and the softening point of the resin is 50-100 DEG C. Through the composite design of the modified polymer and the natural resin, comprehensive improvement of fire resistance, corrosion resistance, mechanical strength and environmental friendliness is achieved, and the tray material which is excellent in performance, wide in adaptability, non-toxic and environmentally friendly is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of materials and environmental protection, and particularly to a multifunctional non-fumigation fireproof pallet made of modified polymer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In modern society, pallets, as common tools for item transportation and storage, have been widely used in industries such as warehousing, logistics, and transportation. However, with the advancement of industrialization, the market demand for pallets has also been constantly changing. In addition to the need for load-bearing capacity and stability, characteristics such as fire resistance, corrosion resistance, and environmental friendliness have become particularly important. Especially in some high-temperature, humid, or chemical environments, the performance of pallets often directly affects the safety of goods.

[0003] Currently, there are already a certain number of fireproof pallet products on the market. These products usually use chemical flame retardants such as phosphorus-based flame retardants and nitrogen-based flame retardants to enhance fire resistance. By adding these flame retardants to the materials of pallets, it can effectively prevent the pallets from burning rapidly in case of a fire, thus improving safety. In addition, some fireproof pallets also use reinforced plastics or wood materials, which perform well in load-bearing capacity and structural strength. The existing technologies have achieved certain results in enhancing fire resistance and mechanical strength, and have provided relatively stable solutions especially in relatively conventional storage and transportation environments.

[0004] However, the performance of fireproof pallets in the existing technologies is often single, and it is difficult to meet more complex and stringent application scenarios. First of all, although many existing fireproof pallets have improved fire resistance, most chemical flame retardants will release toxic gases at high temperatures, which not only pollute the environment but also pose a threat to the health of users. Secondly, the corrosion resistance of existing pallet materials is generally poor, especially in environments with high humidity and chemical substance corrosion, the service life of pallets often shortens. In addition, the existing materials often fail to provide an adequate balance in terms of compressive and flexural strength, resulting in pallets being prone to cracking or losing shape under high-intensity use. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technologies, the present invention provides a multifunctional non-fumigation fireproof pallet made of modified polymer and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problems of single performance of fireproof pallet materials, poor corrosion resistance, insufficient environmental friendliness, and insufficient mechanical strength in the existing technologies.

[0006] To achieve the above purposes, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A multifunctional non-fumigation fireproof pallet made of modified polymer and a preparation method thereof, the pallet is composed of the following components in parts by weight:

[0007] Modified polyurethane: 30 - 50 parts. The modified polyurethane is a polyurethane-modified polymer formed by the reaction of polyisocyanate and polyol, with a molecular weight of 5000 - 10000. The modified polyurethane is a polymer formed by the reaction of polyisocyanate and polyol, with a molecular weight between 5000 and 10000. The key innovation of this polymer lies in its modification through polyurethane, enabling it to have higher durability and stability. The modified polyurethane serves as a substrate, providing good mechanical strength and anti-aging ability. At the same time, the flexibility and heat resistance of polyurethane enable the tray to still maintain excellent performance under high-temperature and complex environmental conditions. The key to polyurethane modification lies in the adjustment of its molecular structure, especially by reasonably controlling the molecular weight and the proportion of flexible chain segments, enabling it to exhibit good stability in different environments, especially suitable for the manufacture of fireproof trays.

[0008] Natural resin: 0 - 30 parts. The natural resin is a resin extracted from natural plants, and the natural plants are selected from rosin and tung oil. The softening point of the resin is 50 - 100°C. The selection of natural resin is mainly based on its excellent environmental protection performance and good adhesion. Two natural resins, rosin and tung oil, are selected, and the softening point range of these resins is 50 - 100°C. During use, rosin and tung oil can not only enhance the adhesion of the polymer but also form a strong protective film on the surface of the tray. Natural resin plays an important role in enhancing the ability of the tray surface to resist external erosion. The resin components of rosin and tung oil can effectively improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of the tray.

[0009] Bio-based polymer: 10 - 20 parts. The bio-based polymer is a polymer made from plant-derived raw materials, selected from polylactic acid and polybutylene succinate. The molecular weight range of the bio-based polymer is 3000 - 15000. Bio-based polymers are usually derived from renewable resources and can be naturally degraded after use, reducing the environmental burden. The use of bio-based polymers not only enhances the environmental protection characteristics of the tray but also improves the flexibility and plasticity of the tray. This enables the tray to exhibit better adaptability and durability when handling items with relatively rough or irregular surfaces. The biodegradable characteristics of polylactic acid and polybutylene succinate themselves also minimize the environmental impact of the tray after disposal.

[0010] Fire retardant: 5 - 15 parts, the fire retardant is a phosphorus - based flame retardant, selected from ammonium polyphosphate, phosphate triester and cyclophosphate; the fire retardant is a crucial component in the fire - proof tray; phosphorus - based flame retardants such as ammonium polyphosphate, phosphate triester and cyclophosphate are selected. These phosphorus - based compounds can effectively improve the flame - retardant performance of materials. Phosphorus - based flame retardants not only form a protective film through chemical reactions to isolate the fire source, but also can form phosphate substances during a fire to inhibit the spread of flames; the role of phosphorus - based flame retardants is not limited to improving the fire resistance of materials, but can also inhibit the combustion reaction at high temperatures through the phosphate ions released during decomposition, thus achieving a better flame - retardant effect;

[0011] Environment - friendly preservative: 5 - 15 parts, the environment - friendly preservative is an environment - friendly preservative derived from natural plants, selected from rosin - based preservatives, and the effective ingredient content of the preservative is 30 - 70%; by using rosin - based preservatives, this kind of preservative not only comes from natural plants, but also has strong antibacterial and antiseptic effects. The effective ingredients of rosin - based preservatives can penetrate into wood fibers to form a protective layer to prevent the intrusion of moisture, fungi and corrosive substances; rosin - based preservatives interact with the natural components in wood through chemical components to form a solid barrier, effectively preventing the penetration of external harmful substances.

[0012] The present invention also provides a preparation method of a multifunctional non - fumigation fire - proof tray made of modified polymers, including the following steps:

[0013] S1. Raw material preparation: Weigh modified polyurethane, natural resin, bio - based polymer, fire retardant and environment - friendly preservative according to the weight ratio;

[0014] S2. Mixing nano - composite materials: Mix modified polyurethane with the fire retardant, and mix the bio - based polymer with the natural resin according to the specified ratio; through the high - temperature melting and mixing process, make each component evenly dispersed;

[0015] S3. Coating process: Coat the mixed material on the surface of the tray, using spraying and brushing, and ensure that the thickness of each coating layer is 50 - 150 μm;

[0016] S4. Curing treatment: Carry out curing treatment on the coated tray, use ultraviolet curing equipment, control the curing temperature at 40 - 60 °C, and the curing time is 1 - 2 h;

[0017] S5. Coating of anti - corrosion coating: Coat the environment - friendly preservative on the surface of the tray wood, with a coating thickness of 80 - 120 μm, and carry out drying treatment, and the drying time is 20 - 40 min.

[0018] Preferably, in the step S2, the high - temperature melting and mixing process includes the following steps:

[0019] Pre-mix the modified polyurethane and the fire retardant evenly;

[0020] During the mixing process, add the bio-based polymer and the natural resin into the reaction kettle, and adjust the temperature to 120 - 160 °C;

[0021] Use a stirring device to keep the mixture molten and stirred at this temperature for 15 - 30 min;

[0022] The pre-mixing of the modified polyurethane and the fire retardant can make the fire retardant better dispersed into the polyurethane matrix, improving its fire retardant effect. Secondly, through the high-temperature melting process, the polymer and the natural resin can reach the molten state at high temperature, making it easier to react and mix with other components. The addition of the bio-based polymer not only enhances the environmental friendliness of the tray but also ensures that these components can be well integrated with other components during this process.

[0023] Preferably, in the step S3, the spraying and brushing include the following steps:

[0024] Put the mixed coating into the spraying equipment, and set the spraying pressure to 0.5 - 1.5 MPa;

[0025] Use a spraying gun to evenly spray the coating on the surface of the tray, ensuring that the coating area is covered without gaps;

[0026] Use brushing, select a suitable brush, and evenly brush the coating on the surface of the tray, ensuring that the thickness of each layer of the coating is controlled between 50 - 150 μm;

[0027] The applied coating contains a composite material of modified polyurethane, natural resin, and bio-based polymer. These materials form a strong protective film after coating, protecting the tray from the external environment. The fire retardant is evenly distributed in this layer of coating, forming an effective fire barrier. The multiple protective effects of the coating enable the tray to resist more external threats during use, ensuring its durability and functionality.

[0028] Preferably, in the step S4, the curing treatment includes the following steps:

[0029] Place the coated tray in the ultraviolet curing equipment;

[0030] Adjust the ultraviolet intensity of the ultraviolet curing equipment to 20 - 50 mW / cm 2 ;

[0031] Ensure that the tray is cured in the equipment for 1 - 2 h, and continuously adjust the position of the equipment during this period to make the surface of the tray evenly receive light;

[0032] UV curing is mainly reflected in its ability to cause the polymers in the coating to undergo crosslinking reactions through UV irradiation, forming a crosslinked network structure. Through this reaction, the strength, weather resistance, and chemical corrosion resistance of the coating are significantly improved. UV curing not only increases the curing speed but also can complete the hardening process of the coating in a short time, avoiding the influence of long-term high-temperature treatment on the material properties. In addition, the energy consumption required for UV curing is relatively low.

[0033] The present invention provides a multifunctional fumigation-free fireproof tray made of modified polymer and its preparation method.

[0034] It has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. The present invention adopts the technical scheme of combining natural resin and modified polyurethane, achieving the technical effect of enhancing the fireproof performance of the material; compared with the common single flame retardant scheme in the prior art, through the participation of natural resin in the present invention, the high-temperature resistance ability and the inhibition effect on flame spread of the material are enhanced. It effectively solves the problem of poor fireproof performance of traditional materials.

[0036] 2. The present invention, through the reasonable combination of bio-based polymer and natural resin, achieves the technical effects of enhancing the environmental friendliness and corrosion resistance of the material; different from the materials lacking environmental protection design in the prior art, the present invention not only reduces the environmental burden but also improves the corrosion resistance of the material in harsh environments such as salt spray, avoiding the common problem of accelerated corrosion.

[0037] 3. The present invention adopts a composite material design, combining bio-based polymer and natural resin, which improves the mechanical properties of the material, especially excellent in compressive and flexural strength. Compared with traditional materials, the present invention solves the problem of insufficient mechanical strength, ensures the stability of the material under high load, and extends the service life.

[0038] 4. The present invention optimizes various properties of the material through the precise ratio of natural resin and polymer, making it more reliable in practical applications; compared with the materials with single performance and difficult to balance various requirements commonly existing in the prior art.

[0039] 5. By adding color to the tray body in the present invention, when the forklift is working, it is easier to control the direction, just like the function of a compass, which can prevent the forklift from damaging the tray; at the same time, through the cooperation of main materials such as natural resin, modified polyurethane, bio-based polymer, and polymer, the tray as a whole has the effects of anti-collision, fireproof, waterproof, anti-forking in the wrong direction, windproof, rainproof, sunscreen, antibacterial, insect-proof, and anti-corrosion. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the preparation method of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials and reagents used in the following examples are all commercially available products or can be prepared by known methods.

[0043] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 :

[0044] Example 1:

[0045] Component ratio: Modified polyurethane: 50 parts, natural resin: 20 parts, bio-based polymer: 15 parts, fire retardant: 10 parts, environmentally friendly preservative: 5 parts.

[0046] Preparation steps:

[0047] High-temperature melting and mixing:

[0048] Mix the modified polyurethane and the fire retardant in proportion, place them in a high-temperature mixer, and mix at a temperature of 150 °C for 20 minutes to ensure that the fire retardant is fully dispersed in the polyurethane.

[0049] Subsequently, add the natural resin (a mixture of rosin and tung oil) and the bio-based polymer (PLA and PBS in a ratio of 2:1), and continue to melt and mix at 150 °C for 30 minutes to ensure uniform mixing of each component.

[0050] Coating process:

[0051] Coat the surface of the wooden pallet evenly with the paint after high-temperature mixing through a spraying device, and control the coating thickness at about 100 μm. Use an efficient spraying device to ensure that the coating is uniform and void-free.

[0052] UV curing:

[0053] Place the coated pallet in a UV curing device, set the UV intensity to 30 mW / cm 2 , and the curing time is 1 hour to cause the coating to undergo a cross-linking reaction, enhancing the hardness, weather resistance, and chemical corrosion resistance of the pallet surface.

[0054] Example 2:

[0055] Component ratio: Modified polyurethane: 60 parts, natural resin: 15 parts, bio-based polymer: 10 parts, fire retardant: 10 parts, environmentally friendly preservative: 5 parts.

[0056] Preparation steps:

[0057] High-temperature melting and mixing:

[0058] Mix 60 parts of modified polyurethane with 10 parts of flame retardant at 150 °C for 20 minutes.

[0059] Add 15 parts of natural resin (a mixture of rosin and tung oil) and 10 parts of biopolymer (PLA and PBS in a 2:1 ratio), and continue melting and mixing at 150 °C for 35 minutes to ensure uniform dispersion of the mixture.

[0060] Coating process:

[0061] Evenly coat the mixed coating on the surface of the wooden pallet through a spraying device, with a coating thickness of 120 μm. Use a high-pressure spraying device to ensure that the coating has no bubbles and evenly covers the entire surface.

[0062] UV curing:

[0063] Send the pallet into the UV curing equipment, set the UV intensity to 50 mW / cm 2 , and the curing time is 1 hour to enable the coating to achieve the best curing effect.

[0064] Example 3:

[0065] Component ratio: Modified polyurethane: 40 parts, Natural resin: 25 parts, Biopolymer (PLA + PBS, 2:1): 15 parts, Flame retardant (phosphate esters): 10 parts, Environmentally friendly preservative (rosin-based preservative): 10 parts.

[0066] Preparation steps:

[0067] High-temperature melting and mixing:

[0068] Mix 40 parts of modified polyurethane with 10 parts of flame retardant at 140 °C for 15 minutes to ensure uniform dispersion of the flame retardant and polyurethane.

[0069] Then add 25 parts of natural resin (rosin and tung oil) and 15 parts of biopolymer (PLA and PBS in a 2:1 ratio), and continue melting and mixing at 140 °C for 45 minutes to ensure full fusion of each component.

[0070] Coating process:

[0071] Adopt the spraying method to evenly coat the coating on the surface of the wooden pallet, control the coating thickness at about 80 μm, ensure the coating is uniform, and avoid any gaps or voids.

[0072] UV curing:

[0073] Place the tray into the ultraviolet curing equipment and set the ultraviolet intensity to 25 mW / cm 2 , with a curing time of 0.5 hours, to fully crosslink the coating and ensure that its surface has high hardness and corrosion resistance.

[0074] Comparative Example 1: Compared with Example 1, the difference lies in reducing the use of bio-based polymers, only using PLA (10 parts), removing the PBS component, and the rest are the same;

[0075] Comparative Example 2: Compared with Example 1, the difference lies in removing the natural resin (a mixture of rosin and tung oil), only using modified polyurethane and flame retardant, and keeping other components unchanged, and the rest are the same;

[0076] Comparative Example 3: Compared with Example 1, the difference lies in reducing the use of modified polyurethane, only using 40 parts of modified polyurethane, and adjusting the other components proportionally to maintain the formula consistency, and the rest are the same.

[0077] Experiment 1:

[0078] Experiment purpose: To test the fire resistance of Example 1, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, and Comparative Example 3, especially the influence of the flame retardant (phosphate esters) in each formula on the fire resistance of the material.

[0079] Experiment steps:

[0080] Sample preparation:

[0081] Take tray samples of the same size from Example 1, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, and Comparative Example 3 respectively. Prepare at least three samples in each group to ensure the representativeness and accuracy of the data.

[0082] Sample device fixation:

[0083] Fix each sample in the test fixture of the oxygen index measuring instrument to ensure that the sample is fully exposed to the measurement area and can be stably fixed without moving due to factors such as air flow.

[0084] Oxygen concentration adjustment:

[0085] Set the oxygen index measuring instrument and adjust the oxygen concentration range from 21% (oxygen concentration in air) to gradually increase to the minimum oxygen concentration at which the sample can maintain combustion. Ensure the accuracy of the experiment by precisely controlling the oxygen concentration.

[0086] Ignite the sample:

[0087] Use a special ignition device to ignite the sample to ensure that the sample is evenly heated and the flame can burn stably. Record the burning duration and the burning state of the sample during the experiment.

[0088] Record the oxygen index value:

[0089] When the sample can maintain stable combustion, record the corresponding oxygen concentration, which is the oxygen index. This concentration value represents the minimum oxygen concentration required for the sample to maintain combustion.

[0090] Repeat the experiment:

[0091] To ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the experimental results, conduct at least three independent experiments, with each sample tested three times, and finally take the average value as the test result.

[0092] Data processing and recording:

[0093] Record the oxygen index value of each sample. By comparing the oxygen index values of different formulations, evaluate the fire protection performance of each formulation (the experimental results are shown in Table 1).

[0094] Table 1: Comparison test results of fire protection performance

[0095] Sample Name Oxygen Index of Sample 1 Oxygen Index of Sample 2 Oxygen Index of Sample 3 Example 1 27.5 28.0 26.8 Comparative Example 1 24.3 25.1 23.7 Comparative Example 2 19.8 20.5 19.2 Comparative Example 3 22.1 22.5 21.7

[0096] It can be seen from Table 1 that:

[0097] The results of this fire protection performance comparison experiment show that the use of flame retardants in different formulations has a significant impact on the fire protection performance of the tray. Through oxygen index testing, the experimental data show that the combination of modified polyurethane and phosphorus-based flame retardants significantly improves the fire protection performance of the material. Modified polyurethane has good thermal stability and anti-aging properties, and its use in the tray effectively enhances the performance of the material at high temperatures. The phosphorus-based flame retardant releases phosphate ions through chemical reactions at high temperatures to form a protective film and prevent the spread of flames. Especially in the formulations with phosphorus-based flame retardants added, the oxygen index values are generally high, indicating that this formulation performs excellently in resisting the spread of flames.

[0098] From the experimental results, reducing the use of biobased polymers (such as in Comparative Example 1) leads to a slight decrease in the fire protection performance of the tray. This phenomenon is related to the thermal stability of biobased polymers. Biobased polymers such as PLA and PBS can improve the flexibility and high-temperature resistance of the tray to a certain extent, and their compatibility with polyurethane and flame retardants can also improve the overall structural strength of the material. In the case of not adding PBS, although PLA can still provide a certain degree of fire protection performance, the lack of the participation of PBS leads to a weakening of the comprehensive high-temperature resistance of the material, thus affecting the fire protection performance of the tray.

[0099] In the formulation for removing natural resin (such as Comparative Example 2), the fire resistance of the tray significantly decreases. Natural resins, especially rosin and tung oil, have strong antioxidant properties and adhesion. They can help the flame retardant disperse and exist stably at high temperatures, and they can also play a certain role in suppressing flame spread in the initial stage of a fire. Therefore, after removing the natural resin, the lack of the protective effect of this natural material leads to the flame retardant having a less effective result than the formulation in Example 1. Through this comparison, the key role of natural resin in enhancing fire resistance can be clearly seen, and at the same time, the importance of material selection and proportioning is emphasized.

[0100] Experiment 2:

[0101] Experiment purpose: To test the corrosion resistance of Example 1, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, and Comparative Example 3, especially whether the corrosiveness increases in the formulation without natural resin.

[0102] Experimental procedure:

[0103] Sample preparation:

[0104] Take tray samples of the same size from Example 1, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, and Comparative Example 3 respectively. Prepare at least three samples for each group to ensure the representativeness and accuracy of the data.

[0105] Sample cleaning:

[0106] Clean all samples with deionized water to ensure that the surface has no oil stains and other contaminants. Use a soft brush to clean the surface of the samples, and after cleaning, dry the samples with clean paper towels or cloth.

[0107] Salt spray test:

[0108] Put the cleaned samples into a salt spray test chamber, set the temperature to 35 °C, the relative humidity to 95%, and add salt spray (5% sodium chloride solution). Each group of samples is soaked in the salt spray environment for 48 hours.

[0109] Inspection and recording:

[0110] After 48 hours, take out the samples, clean them with deionized water to remove the salt spray residues. Gently dry the surface of the samples and weigh the samples with a precision balance. Record the mass change of each sample.

[0111] Corrosion assessment:

[0112] Evaluate the corrosion situation of the materials by comparing the mass differences of the samples before and after soaking. Record the mass loss of each sample and evaluate its corrosion resistance according to the percentage of mass loss.

[0113] Repeat the experiment:

[0114] To ensure the reliability of the experiment, each formulation was subjected to at least three independent experiments, and the average value was taken for analysis (the experimental results are shown in Table 2).

[0115] Table 2: Corrosion resistance test results

[0116]

[0117] It can be seen from Table 2 that:

[0118] The results of this corrosion resistance test show that different formulations have a significant impact on the corrosion resistance of the trays. In Example 1, the material showed a lower mass loss, indicating that it has strong corrosion resistance in a salt spray environment. This phenomenon can be attributed to the protective effect of the natural resin in the formulation. Natural resins such as rosin and tung oil can not only enhance the thermal stability of the material but also have good antioxidant properties, which helps to slow down the corrosion process and improve the durability and corrosion resistance of the material. Through the differential comparison with other comparative samples, it can be seen that natural resin plays an important role in improving the corrosion resistance of the material.

[0119] In the formulation without natural resin (such as Comparative Example 2), the corrosion rate increased significantly, manifested as a higher mass loss. After removing the natural resin, the material lost its natural antioxidant protective layer, which led to an accelerated corrosion reaction in the salt spray environment. The absence of natural resin made the flame retardant and polymer more vulnerable to the erosion of the corrosive medium, thus accelerating the degradation of the material surface. This result further verifies the importance of natural resin in preventing corrosion and extending the service life of the material.

[0120] For the formulations using bio-based polymers (such as polyesters and modified polyurethanes in Example 1), although there is no protection of natural resin, the overall corrosion resistance of these materials still remains at a relatively high level. This is because the molecular structure of bio-based polymers has good moisture resistance and thermal stability, which can resist the invasion of the external corrosive environment to a certain extent. However, the corrosion resistance of bio-based polymers is not as good as the protection provided by natural resin. This also indicates that although bio-based polymers have advantages in environmental protection and sustainability, other additives such as natural resin or other anti-corrosion materials are still needed to achieve the best comprehensive performance in terms of corrosion resistance.

[0121] Experiment 3:

[0122] Experimental purpose: To test the mechanical properties of trays with different formulations, especially the compressive strength and flexural strength, and to evaluate the load-bearing capacity and toughness of each formulation in actual use.

[0123] Experimental procedure:

[0124] Sample preparation:

[0125] Take tray samples of the same size from Example 1, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, and Comparative Example 3, and prepare at least three samples in each group to ensure the representativeness and accuracy of the data.

[0126] Size measurement:

[0127] Use a caliper or micrometer to measure the length, width, and thickness of each sample to ensure that the dimensions of each sample are consistent. Record the specific dimensions of each sample for subsequent calculation of mechanical properties.

[0128] Compressive strength test:

[0129] Place the sample in a compression testing machine and gradually apply pressure according to the standard compression testing procedure until the sample breaks or undergoes significant deformation. Record the maximum pressure value at breakage and calculate the compressive strength.

[0130] Flexural strength test:

[0131] Place the sample in a three-point bending testing machine, apply a bending load at both ends of the sample, record the maximum load value when the applied load causes the sample to break or undergo significant bending, and calculate the flexural strength.

[0132] Data recording:

[0133] Conduct three independent tests on each sample of each formulation, and take the average as the final test result. Record the compressive strength and flexural strength of each sample.

[0134] Data processing:

[0135] Calculate the compressive strength and flexural strength of each sample and compare the results with those of other formulations. Analyze the influence of different formulations on mechanical properties (the experimental results are shown in Table 3).

[0136] Table 3: Test results of mechanical properties

[0137]

[0138]

[0139] It can be seen from Table 3 that:

[0140] The test results of this mechanical property show that the formulation used in Example 1 exhibits strong performance in terms of compressive strength and flexural strength. Especially in the flexural strength test, the material shows excellent toughness. This improvement in performance can be attributed to the synergistic effect of modified polyurethane and natural resin. The addition of natural resin can improve the overall toughness and adhesion of the material, form a more uniform composite structure, reduce stress concentration, and enhance the load-bearing capacity of the material. At the same time, the thermal stability and mechanical strength of modified polyurethane enable the overall material to maintain high compressive and flexural capabilities under high loads.

[0141] Compared with Example 1, the compressive strength of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 decreased slightly. This change is related to the absence of natural resin in the formulation and the compatibility of the polymers. After removing the natural resin, the material loses its natural reinforcement, resulting in a decrease in mechanical properties. The molecular structure in the natural resin can form a protective film under high-temperature and high-stress conditions, dispersing the externally applied force, thereby improving the toughness and compressive capacity of the material. In the absence of natural resin, the strength and durability of the material are reduced, leading to easy deformation or rupture under stress.

[0142] In the formulation of Comparative Example 2, the mechanical properties further decreased. Especially in the flexural strength test, the rupture and deformation of the samples were more obvious. This is closely related to the thermal stability and mechanical properties of bio-based polymers (such as PLA and PBS). Although these polymers have good environmental friendliness and degradability, their relatively low rigidity and impact resistance result in insufficient overall mechanical properties. In order to achieve better strength in practical applications, bio-based polymers need to be compounded with other materials with higher rigidity and toughness. Through such modification and formulation, the performance of the material under load can be significantly improved, ensuring that it is not easily ruptured or deformed during actual use.

[0143] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multifunctional non-fumigation fireproof tray made of a modified polymer, characterized in that, The tray is composed of the following components in parts by weight: Modified polyurethane: 30 - 50 parts; Natural resin: 0 - 30 parts; Bio - based polymer: 10 - 20 parts; Fire - retardant: 5 - 15 parts; Environment - friendly preservative: 5 - 15 parts.

2. The multifunctional non-fumigation fireproof tray for modified polymer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modified polyurethane is a polyurethane - modified polymer formed by the reaction of polyisocyanate and polyol, and its molecular weight is 5000 - 10000.

3. The multifunctional non-fumigation fireproof tray for modified polymer according to claim 1, wherein, The natural resin is a resin extracted from natural plants. The natural plants are selected from rosin and tung oil, and the softening point of the resin is 50 - 100 °C.

4. A multifunctional non-fumigation fireproof tray for a modified polymer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bio - based polymer is a polymer made from plant - derived raw materials, selected from polylactic acid and polybutylene succinate, and the molecular weight range of the bio - based polymer is 3000 - 15000.

5. The multifunctional non-fumigation fireproof tray for modified polymer according to claim 1, wherein, The fire - retardant is a phosphorus - based fire - retardant, selected from ammonium polyphosphate, phosphate triester and cyclic phosphate ester.

6. The multifunctional non-fumigation fireproof tray for modified polymers according to claim 1, characterized in that The environment - friendly preservative is an environment - friendly preservative derived from natural plants, selected from rosin - based preservatives, and the effective ingredient content of the preservative is 30 - 70%.

7. A preparation method of a multifunctional non-fumigation fireproof tray made of a modified polymer, characterized in that, The multifunctional non - fumigation fire - proof tray applied to the modified polymer according to any one of claims 1 - 6 includes the following steps: S1. Raw material preparation: Weigh the modified polyurethane, natural resin, bio - based polymer, fire - retardant and environment - friendly preservative according to the weight ratio. S2. Mixing the nanocomposite material: Mix the modified polyurethane with the fire - retardant, and mix the bio - based polymer with the natural resin according to the specified ratio; through the high - temperature melting and mixing process, make each component evenly dispersed. S3. Coating process: Coat the mixed material on the surface of the tray, using spraying and brushing, and ensure that the thickness of each coating layer is 50 - 150 μm. S4. Curing treatment: Carry out curing treatment on the coated tray, use ultraviolet curing equipment, control the curing temperature at 40 - 60 °C, and the curing time is 1 - 2 h. S5. Coating of the preservative layer: Coat the environment - friendly preservative on the surface of the tray wood, the coating thickness is 80 - 120 μm, and carry out drying treatment, and the drying time is 20 - 40 min.

8. The preparation method of a multifunctional non-fumigation fireproof tray made of a modified polymer according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the step S2, the high - temperature melting and mixing process includes the following steps: Pre - mix the modified polyurethane and the fire - retardant evenly; During the mixing process, add the bio - based polymer and the natural resin into the reaction kettle, and adjust the temperature to 120 - 160 °C; Use the stirring equipment to keep the mixture melted and stirred at this temperature for 15 - 30 min.

9. The preparation method of a multifunctional non-fumigation fireproof tray made of a modified polymer according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the step S3, the spraying and brushing include the following steps: Put the mixed coating into the spraying equipment, and set the spraying pressure at 0.5 - 1.5 MPa; Use the spraying gun to evenly spray the coating on the surface of the tray, and ensure that the coating area has no voids. Use brushing, select a suitable brush, and evenly brush the coating on the surface of the tray, and ensure that the thickness of each layer of coating is controlled between 50 - 150 μm.

10. The preparation method of a multifunctional non-fumigation fireproof tray made of a modified polymer according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the step S4, the curing treatment includes the following steps: Place the coated tray in the ultraviolet curing equipment; Adjust the ultraviolet intensity of the ultraviolet curing equipment to 20 - 50 mW / cm 2 ; Ensure that the tray is cured in the equipment for 1 - 2 h, and continuously adjust the position of the equipment during this period to make the surface of the tray evenly receive light.

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