Disease-resistant and growth-promoting penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides disease-resistant and growth-promoting penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of microorganisms. The invention provides a penicillium oxalicum AF-P1, and the preservation number of the penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 is CGMCC (China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center) No.41803. The penicillium oxalicum The Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 has the characteristics of high salt resistance and strong alkali resistance, has the capability of producing siderophores, has the capability of producing acid, has the capability of dissolving inorganic phosphate, can improve the stress resistance of plants, and the like. The Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 can inhibit the growth of fusarium oxysporum, fusarium oxysporum, pythium miscanthus, Aparis minuta and phomopsis cantoniensis, so that the Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 is beneficial to prevention and control of plant diseases caused by the pathogenic bacteria. The result of the embodiment shows that the Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 can be used for preventing and treating rice seedling blight and tomato fusarium wilt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of microbiology, and particularly relates to a Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 with disease resistance and growth promotion and its application. Background Art

[0002] Rice, a cereal crop of the genus Oryza in the family Poaceae, is an important cereal widely planted. Rhizoctonia damping-off, also known as "dead seedling", mainly harms the base of the seedling stem or the underground root. Initially, it is an oval or irregular dark brown lesion. Diseased seedlings wilt during the day and recover at night in the early stage. The diseased part gradually sinks and shrinks, and some gradually turn dark brown. When the lesion expands around the stem for one week, it finally withers and dies, but does not fall. Slightly diseased plants only show brown sunken lesions without withering. When the humidity in the seedbed is high, a faint brown cobwebby mold can be seen on the diseased part.

[0003] Currently, the existing agents for controlling rice Rhizoctonia damping-off mostly use single agents or mixtures such as hymexazol, metalaxyl, and thiram for spraying and disinfection. Due to the long-term use of traditional single pesticides, the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria has become stronger and stronger, reducing the control effect. As a result, farmers are forced to increase the dosage of pesticides, resulting in an increasing annual pesticide residue in crops, endangering the safety of humans and livestock.

[0004] Tomato Fusarium wilt, also known as wilt disease, mostly occurs during the flowering and fruiting period of tomatoes. It is locally damaged and the whole plant shows symptoms. In the initial stage of the disease, only the lower leaves of the plant turn yellow, but most do not fall off. As the disease progresses, the diseased leaves turn yellow and brown from bottom to top. Except for the top few intact leaves, the rest are necrotic or scorched. Sometimes one side of the diseased plant's leaves wilts, while the other side is normal. Tomato Fusarium wilt is a common disease in tomatoes, seriously affecting the quality and yield of tomatoes, etc.

[0005] Currently, the commonly used agents for controlling tomato Fusarium wilt are captan wettable powder or carbendazim wettable powder, benomyl wettable powder, etc. However, these methods currently have their respective limitations, and there are problems such as a large amount of drug use, unclear control effect, and the generation of drug resistance in plants.

[0006] It can be seen that tomato Fusarium wilt and rice Rhizoctonia damping-off face relatively similar dilemmas in control. Based on this, it is of great significance to provide a microbial agent that can simultaneously control rice Rhizoctonia damping-off and tomato Fusarium wilt. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1, which can be applied to control rice Rhizoctonia damping-off and tomato Fusarium wilt.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present invention provides a Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 with disease resistance and growth promotion properties, and the preservation number of Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 is CGMCC No. 41803.

[0010] The present invention provides a fungal preparation, comprising Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 described in the above technical solution and / or its fermentation product.

[0011] Preferably, the viable count of Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 in the fungal preparation is 1×10 7 ~1×10 9 CFU / mL.

[0012] The present invention provides a preparation method of the fungal preparation described in the above technical solution, comprising:

[0013] Culturing Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 in a culture medium to obtain the fungal preparation.

[0014] Preferably, the culturing temperature is 25-30 °C and the culturing time is 5-7 d.

[0015] The present invention provides an application of Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 described in the above technical solution, the fungal preparation described in the above technical solution, or the fungal preparation prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in the preparation of a product for inhibiting harmful bacteria.

[0016] Preferably, the harmful bacteria include any one or more of Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium acuminatum, Pythium aristosporum, Didymella bryoniae, and Phomopsis longicolla.

[0017] The present invention provides an application of Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 described in the above technical solution, the fungal preparation described in the above technical solution, or the fungal preparation prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in promoting rice growth and / or controlling rice diseases; the rice diseases include rice damping-off.

[0018] The present invention provides an application of Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 described in the above technical solution, the fungal preparation described in the above technical solution, or the fungal preparation prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in controlling tomato wilt.

[0019] The present invention provides a method for promoting plant growth and / or controlling diseases, comprising:

[0020] Apply the fungal preparation described in the above technical solution during the plant growth process.

[0021] Advantages of the present invention:

[0022] The present invention provides a Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 with disease resistance and growth promotion properties, and the preservation number of Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 is CGMCC No. 41803. In the present invention, Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 has the characteristics of high salt tolerance and strong alkali tolerance, has the ability to produce siderophores, has the ability to produce acid, has the ability to dissolve inorganic phosphate, and can improve plant stress resistance, etc. Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 can inhibit the growth of Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium acuminatum, Pythium aristosporum, Didymella bryoniae, and Phomopsis longicolla, and thus is beneficial to the prevention and control of plant diseases caused by such pathogenic bacteria. The results of the examples of the present invention show that Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 can control rice damping-off disease and promote the growth of rice at the same time; Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 can also control tomato wilt disease.

[0023] Biological preservation description

[0024] Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1, classified and named as Penicillium oxalicum, was preserved in the General Microbiology Center of the China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms on January 22, 2025. The address is No. 3, Courtyard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, and the preservation number is CGMCC No. 41803. Description of the drawings

[0025] Figure 1 It is a result diagram of the plate confrontation test of AF-P1 biocontrol fungus against F. oxysporum;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a diagram of the colony morphology of AF-P1 and its morphology under an optical microscope;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a result diagram of the phylogenetic analysis of AF-P1 biocontrol fungus;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a result diagram of the detection of the ability of AF-P1 to produce siderophores;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a result diagram of the dissolution zone formed by AF-P1 on the PVK medium and the change of pH during the culture process;

[0030] Figure 6Results of the interaction between AF-P1 and Fusarium oxysporum Detailed implementation mode

[0031] The present invention provides a disease-resistant and growth-promoting Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1, and the preservation number of the Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 is CGMCC No. 41803.

[0032] The Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 provided by the present invention is isolated from the soil collected from the alkali land tomato planting area of Qibao's family in Dawa District, Panjin City, Liaoning Province. After being cultured on a PDA medium for 5 days (at 28 °C), the colony diameter of the Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 provided by the present invention is 33 mm. The front of the colony is dark green, and the back is yellow to brownish green; the surface of the colony is flat and velvety, and a large number of gray-green conidia are produced in a short time, and are easy to fall off and quickly occupy the entire plate. The conidiophores of the Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 have 2-4 phialide cells, and each cell bears a long string of ovoid conidia, and substances similar to calcium oxalate crystals are observed on the medium.

[0033] In the present invention, the ITS sequencing analysis result of the Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 is as shown in SEQ ID NO.1. Through the relevant information of the morphology and molecular biology of the strain, the taxonomic status of the strain Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 is further confirmed.

[0034] The Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 provided by the present invention has the ability to produce siderophores, the ability to produce acids, and the ability to dissolve inorganic phosphates, which is beneficial to promoting plant growth and improving plant stress resistance, etc.

[0035] The Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 provided by the present invention has inhibitory effects on Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium acuminatum, Pythium aristosporum, Didymella bryoniae, and Phomopsis longicolla. By using the plate confrontation method, the present invention obtained that the mycelial growth inhibition rate of Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 against Fusarium oxysporum was 64.44%; it also has inhibitory effects on Fusarium acuminatum, Pythium aristosporum, Didymella bryoniae, and Phomopsis longicolla. Through microscopic morphological studies, the present invention found that the biocontrol fungus Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 can cause obvious distortion of the mycelia of Fusarium oxysporum, accompanied by protoplast condensation.

[0036] The Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 provided by the present invention has high salt tolerance and alkali tolerance. The Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 can grow on a medium with a salt concentration as high as 0.55%, showing certain salt tolerance. As the salt concentration increases, the colony diameter of AF-P1 shows an increasing trend. The Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 can grow on a medium with a pH of 12, showing good alkali tolerance; when the pH value of the Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 is between 7 and 9, the colony diameter gradually decreases, while when the pH value is between 10 and 12, the phenomenon of increasing colony diameter appears.

[0037] The Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 provided by the present invention can also be applied to control rice damping-off. While controlling rice damping-off, it can also promote the growth of rice, which is beneficial to increasing rice yield, etc.

[0038] The Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 provided by the present invention can also be applied to control tomato wilt.

[0039] The present invention provides a fungal preparation, including the Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 and / or its fermentation product described in the above technical solution. As an optional implementation manner of the present invention, the viable count of Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 in the microbial preparation is 1×10 7 ~1×10 9 CFU / mL, or it can also be 1×10 8 CFU / mL.

[0040] The present invention provides a preparation method of the fungal preparation described in the above technical solution, including:

[0041] Cultivate the Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 in a culture medium to obtain a fungal preparation.

[0042] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the culture medium can be PDA medium and / or PDB medium; the culture temperature can be 25-30°C, or can be 28°C; rotation is accompanied during the culture process; the rotation speed is 150 r / min; the culture time can be 5-7 days, or can be 5, 6 or 7 days.

[0043] After the cultivation is completed, a culture solution is obtained in the present invention. The obtained culture solution can be directly used as a fungal preparation; the obtained culture solution can also collect the bacterial cells, resuspend the bacterial cells to obtain a bacterial suspension, and use the bacterial suspension as a fungal preparation. The obtained culture solution can also collect the supernatant and use the supernatant as a fungal preparation.

[0044] The present invention provides the application of the Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 described in the above technical solution, the fungal preparation described in the above technical solution, or the fungal preparation prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in the preparation of products for inhibiting harmful bacteria. As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the harmful bacteria include any one or more of Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium acuminatum, Pythium aristosporum, Didymella bryoniae, and Phomopsis longicolla. The results of the examples in the present invention show that the Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 has a significant inhibitory effect on Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium acuminatum, Pythium aristosporum, Didymella bryoniae, and Phomopsis longicolla.

[0045] The present invention provides the application of the Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 described in the above technical solution, the fungal preparation described in the above technical solution, or the fungal preparation prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in promoting rice growth and / or controlling rice diseases; the rice diseases include rice damping-off. The results of the examples in the present invention show that the Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 or the fungal preparation can be used to control rice damping-off. While controlling rice damping-off, it can also promote rice growth, increase the plant height, root length, stem base width, number of roots, and fresh weight of the plant, etc., and thus is beneficial to increasing rice yield.

[0046] The present invention provides the application of the Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 described in the above technical solution, the fungal preparation described in the above technical solution, or the fungal preparation prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in the control of tomato wilt. The results of the examples in the present invention show that the Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 or the fungal preparation can be used to control tomato wilt.

[0047] The present invention provides a method for promoting plant growth and / or controlling plant diseases, comprising:

[0048] applying the fungal preparation described in the above technical solution during the growth process of plants.

[0049] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the plants include rice; the fungal preparation is applied when the rice seedlings grow to the stage with 1 - 2 leaves. The present invention has no special limitation on the application method, and any conventional application method in the art can be adopted. The preferred application method of the present invention includes root irrigation.

[0050] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the plants include tomatoes; the fungal preparation can be applied when the tomatoes grow to the stage with 2 - 4 true leaves, or can also be applied when the tomatoes grow to the stage with 3 - 4 true leaves. The present invention has no special limitation on the application method, and any conventional application method in the art can be adopted. The preferred application method of the present invention includes root irrigation.

[0051] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the technical solution provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0052] The main reagents and culture media used in the following examples

[0053] The chemicals and reagents used in the experiments are all of analytical grade or chromatographic grade, and are all purchased from Tianjin Kemiou Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., including ethyl acetate, n - hexane, dichloromethane, methanol, 95% ethanol, ammonia water, etc.

[0054] Main culture media:

[0055] Table 1 Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA)

[0056] Reagent Name Peeled Potato Glucose Agar Dosage (g / L) 200.0 20.0 20.0

[0057] Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) is a PDA medium without agar. Both media have a natural pH, and are heated in a high - pressure steam sterilizer at 115°C for 20 min, and then cooled to room temperature for standby.

[0058] Table 2 Phosphorus - Solubilizing Medium (PVK)

[0059]

[0060] The identification medium for the phosphorus - solubilizing ability of microorganisms is prepared according to the formula in Table 2, wherein Ca3(PO4)2 is sterilized separately and then mixed with the culture medium liquid, the pH is adjusted to 7.2, and it is heated in a high - pressure steam sterilizer at 121°C for 20 min, and then cooled to room temperature for standby.

[0061] Table 3 Siderophore Detection Medium (CAS)

[0062]

[0063] The identification medium for the ability of microorganisms to produce siderophores was prepared according to the formula in Table 3, adjusted to pH 7.2, heated in an autoclave at 121 °C for 20 min, and cooled to room temperature for later use.

[0064] The composition of the PDB medium is: 200 g / L of peeled potatoes and 20 g / L of glucose.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] 1. Isolation and purification of biocontrol fungi

[0067] The soil was taken from the tomato planting area in the saline-alkali land of Qibaojia, Dawu District, Panjin City, Liaoning Province. The dilution coating plate method was used to isolate the microorganisms in the soil. Weigh 10 g of fresh rhizosphere soil sample, add it to 90 mL of sterilized water containing glass beads, shake for 10 min, and let it stand to obtain a soil stock solution with a concentration of 10 -1 The soil stock solution was serially diluted with sterile water to obtain five gradients of soil suspensions with concentrations of 10 -2 -10 -6 Then, use a pipette to aspirate 200 μL of the soil suspensions with concentrations of 10 -4 、10 -5 、10 -6 and coat them onto PDA medium containing 50 μg / mL of chloramphenicol. The PDA was set with two salt contents, namely Na2CO3 with mass concentrations of 0.1% and 0.15% respectively. Each dilution gradient was set with 3 replicates and incubated in an inverted position at 30 °C for 3 d. The dominant colonies were picked and further purified and cultured.

[0068] 2. Screening of biocontrol fungi

[0069] Using Fusarium oxysporum (strain number: CICC 41029), the pathogen of Fusarium wilt, as the target bacterium, the plate confrontation method was used to preliminarily screen the strains with inhibitory effects on the target bacterium.

[0070] First, activate the Fusarium oxysporum pathogen, and use the cross-streaking method to inoculate a target pathogen bacterial cake with a diameter of 5 mm in the center of the PDA plate. At about 2 cm from the center, inoculate a test fungal bacterial cake (test biocontrol fungus) with a diameter of 5 mm obtained from the isolation and purification in step 1 on the cross line. Use the plate inoculated with the pathogen alone as a control, and do 3 replicates for each test fungus (test biocontrol fungus). Incubate at a constant temperature of 28 °C for 7 d, and observe whether an inhibition zone appears in the test fungus to preliminarily screen out the strains with inhibitory effects on the target pathogen.

[0071] The strains obtained from the primary screening were further subjected to a dual-culture assay on a Petri dish for the secondary screening. Specific method: Using the cross-streak method, inoculate a 5-mm diameter target pathogen at one end 2 cm away from the center, and inoculate a 5-mm diameter biocontrol fungus to be tested at the corresponding other end. Use a Petri dish inoculated with the target pathogen on only one side as a control. Incubate at a constant temperature of 28 °C. Each treatment of the biocontrol fungus to be tested was repeated 3 times. When the colony in the control group grew to the edge of the culture medium, observe the antibacterial effect of the biocontrol fungus strain to be tested, and measure the colony radius of the pathogen in the control group and the test group respectively, and calculate the inhibition rate.

[0072] Inhibition rate (%) = (colony radius of the control group - colony radius of the test group) / colony radius of the control group × 100%.

[0073] The salt-tolerant fungi obtained were tested for their antibacterial ability. The results of the primary screening showed that 9 strains of fungi showed varying degrees of inhibition against Fusarium oxysporum on PDA plates. In order to obtain biocontrol fungi with stable antibacterial effects, the 9 strains of fungi after subculture were further subjected to secondary screening, and 1 strain with stable growth and good antibacterial effect was obtained, named AF-P1. Its antibacterial effect is as Figure 1 shown in Table 4, where Figure 1 A is the result of the secondary screening of the AF-P1 dual-culture assay on a Petri dish; Figure 1 B in it is the test result of the control group.

[0074] Table 4 Inhibition rate of AF-P1 against Fusarium oxysporum

[0075] Item CK AF-P1 Colony Radius (cm) 4.53±0.03 1.60±0.06 Inhibitory Rate (%) -- 64.44

[0076] From Figure 1 and Table 4, it can be seen that compared with the control group CK, AF-P1 can significantly inhibit the mycelial growth of the pathogen, and its inhibition rate is 64.44%.

[0077] 3. Morphological and molecular biological identification of the biocontrol fungus AF-P1

[0078] Use a 5-mm punch to cut a fungal plug from the edge of the purified AF-P1 colony, and then place the fungal plug on a new PDA plate, record its growth rate, and observe the color and morphology of the colony. Use the slide culture method, combined with lactophenol cotton blue staining, to observe the mycelial morphology, spore morphology and size, and presence or absence of septa of AF-P1 through an optical microscope. Combine the above morphological characteristics to preliminarily classify the strain.

[0079] The purified AF-P1 obtained by isolation and purification was subjected to ITS sequencing analysis by Shanghai Majorbio Bio-Pharm Technology Co., Ltd. Use the BLAST tool to build a library for the sequencing results, and use the MEGA software for sequence alignment and construction of phylogenetic trees.

[0080] (1) Colony and microscopic morphology of the biocontrol fungus AF-P1

[0081] The colony morphology of AF-P1 and its morphology under an optical microscope are as Figure 2 shown. Figure 2 In Figure 2 , a shows the colony morphology of AF-P1. The left picture of a is the front view of the fungus, and the right picture is the reverse view of the colony. Figure 2 In Figure 2 , b shows the hyphal morphology of AF-P1. Figure 2 In Figure 2 , c shows the sporulation structure of AF-P1. Figure 2 In Figure 2 , d shows the spore morphology of AF-P1. After AF-P1 was cultured on PDA medium for 5 days (28 °C), the colony diameter was 33 mm. The front of the colony was dark green, and the back was yellow to brownish green. The surface of the colony was flat and velvety, producing a large number of grey-green conidia in a short time, which were easy to fall off and quickly occupied the entire plate. Under the microscope, it was observed that the conidiophores of AF-P1 had 2-4 phialide cells, and each cell bore a long string of ovoid conidia. Substances similar to calcium oxalate crystals were also observed on the medium.

[0082] (2) Molecular biological identification of the biocontrol fungus AF-P1

[0083] The ITS sequencing results of the biocontrol fungus AF-P1 were obtained as shown in SEQ ID NO.1, specifically:

[0084] GGCCTCTGGGTCACCTCCCACCCGTGTTTATCGTACCTTGTTGCTTCGGCGGGCCCGCCTCACGGCCGCCGGGGGGCATCCGCCCCCGGGCCCGCGCCCGCCGAAGACACACAAACGAACTCTTGTCTGAAGATTGCAGTCTGAGTACTTGACTAAATCAGTTAAAACTTTCAACAACGGATCTCTTGGTTCCGGCATCGATGAAGAACGCAGCGAAATGCGATAAGTAATGTGAATTGCAGAATTCAGTGAATCATCGAGTCTTTGAACGCACATTGCGCCCCCTGGTATTCCGGGGGGCATGCCTGTCCGAGCGTCATTGCTGCCCTCAAGCACGGCTTGTGTGTTGGGCTCTCGCCCCCCGCTTCCGGGGGGCGGGCCCGAAAGGCAGCGGCGGCACCGCGTCCGGTCCTCGAGCGTATGGGGCTTCGTCACCCGCTCTGTAGGCCCGGCCGGCGCCCGCCGGCGAACACCATCAATCTTAACCAGGTTGACCTCGGATCAGGTAGGGATACCCGCTGAACTTAAGCATATCAAAAGGCCGGAGGAATTTTTTTTTTTTTGGGTTA。

[0085] The ITS sequence obtained by sequencing the biocontrol fungus AF-P1 was aligned with the GenBank database using the BLAST tool, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA software. The results are as Figure 3 shown. Combining its morphological identification, AF-P1 was identified as Penicillium oxalicum, and the preservation number of this biocontrol fungus AF-P1 is CGMCC No. 41803.

[0086] 4. Salt tolerance of the biocontrol fungus AF-P1

[0087] The screened biocontrol fungus AF-P1 was inoculated onto PDA plates containing 0.05%, 0.15%, 0.25%, 0.35%, 0.45% and 0.55% Na2CO3 respectively, and cultured in an inverted position at 28 °C for 5 d. A salt-free treatment group was set as the control to observe the growth of the strains.

[0088] The growth of the biocontrol fungus AF-P1 on media with different salt concentrations is shown in Table 5.

[0089] Table 5 Growth of biocontrol fungus AF-P1 on culture media with different salt concentrations

[0090]

[0091] Note: Different letters in the table indicate significant differences, and the same applies hereinafter.

[0092] The results in Table 5 show that AF-P1 can grow on the culture medium with a salt concentration as high as 0.55%, indicating a certain salt tolerance. With the increase of salt concentration, the colony diameter of AF-P1 shows an increasing trend, and it grows most vigorously at a concentration of 0.35%, with the colony diameter reaching 2.60 cm, which is 23.8% higher than that of the CK group.

[0093] 5. Alkaline tolerance of biocontrol fungus AF-P1

[0094] The screened biocontrol fungus AF-P1 was inoculated on PDA plates with pH values of 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 respectively, and cultured in an inverted position at a constant temperature of 28°C for 5 days to observe the growth of the strains.

[0095] The growth of biocontrol fungus AF-P1 on culture media with different pH values is shown in Table 6.

[0096] Table 6 Growth of biocontrol fungus AF-P1 on culture media with different pH values

[0097]

[0098] The results in Table 6 show that the biocontrol fungus AF-P1 can grow on the culture medium with a pH value of 12, indicating good alkaline tolerance. When AF-P1 is under the condition of pH 7-9, the colony diameter gradually decreases, while when the pH is 10-12, the colony diameter shows an increasing phenomenon. When the pH is as high as 12, the colony diameter reaches 3.05 cm, which is 45.23% higher than that at pH 7. AF-P1 shows good alkaline tolerance.

[0099] Example 2 Study on the biocontrol characteristics of biocontrol fungus AF-P1

[0100] 1. Siderophore production ability

[0101] A 5-mm diameter fungal cake of biocontrol fungus AF-P1 was inoculated at the center of the CAS medium and cultured in an inverted position at a constant temperature of 28°C for 7 days. If a yellow or purple-red transparent circle appears around the colony, it indicates the ability to produce siderophores. Measure and calculate the ratio HC of the transparent circle to the colony diameter to estimate the siderophore production ability of the strain.

[0102]

[0103] Siderophore-producing strains can chelate limited iron ions in the environment, compete with phytopathogens for iron, thereby inhibiting the growth of pathogens, and at the same time increase the iron nutrition of host plants. Through corresponding tests, it was detected that the colonies of AF-P1 could produce a purple-red transparent halo on CAS medium, as shown in Figure 4 , indicating that this strain has the ability to produce siderophores. The diameter of the transparent halo of AF-P1 is 18 mm, and the HC value is 2.57.

[0104] 2. Antibacterial spectrum of the biocontrol fungus AF-P1

[0105] Using Fusarium oxysporum QLJ1 (accession number MT180464), Fusarium solani WF7(2) (accession number MT180477), Fusarium acuminatum CGMCC 3.6865, Fusarium tricinctum DJWZ3(3) (accession number MT180474), Rhizoctonia solani XLZ7(1) (accession number MT180476) [Liu Jinxin. (2020). Analysis of population structure and genetic diversity of rice sheath blight pathogens in Heilongjiang Province (Master's thesis, Northeast Agricultural University)], Pythium aristosporum JS22 [Liu Jinxin, Zhang Ruisi, Xu Chuzhen, Liu Chunlai, Zheng Yanyan, Zhang Xue & Li Yonggang. (2022). Characterisation of Pythium aristosporum Oomycete—A Novel Pathogen Causing Rice Seedling Blight in China. Journal of Fungi, 8(9), 890-890.], Didymella bryoniae CFCC 88122, Phomopsis longicolla MP4PL11PS (GenBank accession number HQ130441.1) [Geng Xiaobing, Wang Chunling, Huang Minghui & Li Yonggang. (2015). Identification of Phomopsis longicolla causing soybean seedling root rot. Plant Protection, 41(05), 127-129+144.], Sclerotinia sclerotiorum CCTCC KF 2008457, Phytophthora sojae Ps-H2 [Yang Mingxiu et al. Establishment of a virulent pure line of Phytophthora sojae single oospore strain. Journal of Northeast Agricultural University, (06), 702-706. doi:10.19720 / j.cnki.issn.1005-9369.2005.06.003.] as target strains, the antibacterial effects of AF-Q5 biocontrol bacteria against 10 soil-borne pathogenic fungi were determined by the plate confrontation method and the cross-cross method.

[0106] Using the plate confrontation method, the inhibitory activities of AF-P1 against 10 pathogenic fungi were determined, and the results are shown in Table 7.

[0107] Table 7 Antibacterial spectrum of biocontrol fungus AF-P1 against tested pathogenic bacteria

[0108] Chinese Name of Test Pathogen Test Pathogen AF-P1 Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. glycines F. Oxysporum + Fusarium solani F. Solani - Fusarium acuminatum F. Acuminatum + Fusarium tricinctum F. Tricinctum - Rhizoctonia solani R. Solani - Pythium aristosporum P. aristosporum + Didymella bryoniae D. bryoniae + Phomopsis longicolla P. Longicolla + Sclerotinia sclerotiorum S. Sclerotiorum - Phytophthora sojae P. sojae -

[0109] Note: -: No antibacterial activity detected; +: Inhibited the mycelial growth of pathogenic bacteria

[0110] Using the plate confrontation method, the inhibitory activity of AF-P1 against 10 pathogenic fungi was determined, and the results are shown in Table 7. It can be seen from the results in the table that AF-P1 showed inhibitory ability against a total of 5 pathogenic fungi, namely Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. glycines, Fusarium acuminatum, Pythium aristosporum, Didymella bryoniae, and Phomopsis longicolla

[0111] Example 3 Growth-promoting characteristics of biocontrol fungus AF-P1

[0112] 1. Phosphorus-solubilizing ability

[0113] A 5-mm-diameter fungal cake of biocontrol fungus AF-P1 was inoculated at the center of a PVK plate medium and incubated in an inverted position at 28 °C for 7 d. First, observe whether a dissolution zone was formed as a qualitative index of the phosphate-solubilizing ability of the tested fungus. Subsequently, select the strains showing an obvious phosphorus-solubilizing zone and transfer them to PDB medium for incubation in a constant-temperature shaker at 28 °C and 150 r / min. Using the PDB medium without inoculation of biocontrol fungus AF-P1 as a control, the dissolution efficiency of phosphate was quantitatively analyzed by monitoring the pH change of the medium

[0114] Phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria generally dissolve insoluble phosphates by secreting organic acids (such as citric acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, gluconic acid, etc.). The pH change of the fermentation broth of the strain can reflect the strength of its metabolic activity and phosphorus-solubilizing ability

[0115] Figure 5 Figure of the dissolution zone formed by AF-P1 on PVK medium and pH change during the culture process, where Figure 5 a in it is the dissolution zone formed by AF-P1 on PVK medium Figure 5 b in it is the pH change during the culture of AF-P1 on PDB medium

[0116] From Figure 5It can be seen that the biocontrol fungus AF-P1 formed an obvious transparent dissolution zone on the PVK medium, with an HC value of 1.78, indicating that this strain has the ability to dissolve inorganic phosphate. When the strain was transferred to the PDB medium, the pH of the medium showed a downward trend over time. The initial fermentation pH of the strain was 6.8, and the pH of the medium reached the lowest value at 48 h of cultivation, decreasing by 4.7 units compared with the control; at 72 h of cultivation, the pH of the medium rose to 4.01; however, as the cultivation time continued to extend, the pH decreased again and tended to be stable.

[0117] 2. Effects of the fermentation supernatant of the biocontrol fungus AF-P1 on the germination of tomato seeds

[0118] Treatment of tomato seeds: First, soak the seeds in 75% ethanol for 30 s for the first disinfection. After taking out the seeds, soak them in a 5% sodium hypochlorite solution with a mass fraction of available chlorine for 1 min for the second disinfection, then rinse them 3 times with sterile water to remove residual chlorine, and finally dry the surface moisture of the seeds for standby.

[0119] Preparation of the fermentation supernatant of the biocontrol fungus AF-P1: Inoculate three 5-mm-diameter fungal cakes of the biocontrol fungus AF-P1 in the PDB medium, and place them in a constant temperature incubator at 28 °C and 150 r / min for 7 d. Separate the mycelium and the fermentation broth with sterile gauze, centrifuge the fermentation broth at 8000 r / min for 10 min, take the supernatant and prepare fermentation supernatants with 5 dilution multiples, that is, do not dilute the fermentation supernatant, denoted as dilution 0 times, dilution 10 times, dilution 20 times, dilution 50 times, and dilution 100 times. At the same time, set up a treatment group without adding the fermentation supernatant as the control group, denoted as CK.

[0120] The culture dishes, filter paper, forceps, and pipette tips used in the experiment were all sterilized by high-temperature steam at 121 °C for 20 min. Place two pieces of filter paper in each petri dish, place the pre-sterilized tomato seeds (50 seeds per dish) in the middle of the two pieces of filter paper, add 15 mL of the fermentation supernatant to each dish, repeat each dilution gradient 3 times, and place them at room temperature for cultivation. Record the germination when the radicle of the tomato seed is significantly exposed. After sowing, take out and count the germinated seeds every 24 h, calculate the germination potential on the 3rd day, and calculate the germination rate when germination stops on the 10th day.

[0121]

[0122] The effects of the fermentation supernatants of the biocontrol fungus AF-P1 with different dilution multiples on the germination of tomato seeds are shown in Table 8.

[0123] Table 8 Effects of the fermentation supernatants of the biocontrol fungus AF-P1 with different dilution multiples on the germination of tomato seeds

[0124] Group Germination Potential (%) Germination Rate (%) CK 46.00±0.11a 75.33±0.06a Fermentation Supernatant Diluted 0 Times 26.00±0.03bc 50.00±0.17b Fermentation Supernatant Diluted 10 Times 32.67±0.11b 50.00±0.22b Fermentation Supernatant Diluted 20 Times 41.33±0.01a 72.00±0.02ab Fermentation Supernatant Diluted 50 Times 50.00±0.00a 86.00±0.05a Fermentation Supernatant Diluted 100 Times 10.67±0.04c 91.33±0.08a

[0125] As can be seen from Table 8, the high-concentration fermentation supernatant of the biocontrol fungus AF-P1 showed an obvious inhibitory effect on the germination of tomato seeds. However, with the increase of the dilution factor, the germination potential and germination rate of tomato seeds in the AF-P1 treatment group both increased. The germination potential of tomato seeds in the AF-P1 treatment group diluted 50 times was 50.00%, which was 4.00% higher than that of the control group, and the germination rate of tomato seeds also increased. The germination rate of the fermentation supernatant of the biocontrol fungus AF-P1 diluted 100 times was 91.33%, which was 16.00% higher than that of the control group.

[0126] Example 4 Study on the Antibacterial Activity of the Biocontrol Fungus AF-P1

[0127] 1. Direct Inhibitory Effect of the Biocontrol Fungus AF-P1 on the Hyphae of Pathogenic Fungi

[0128] The inhibitory effect of the biocontrol fungus AF-P1 on the hyphae of the pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum (strain number: CICC 41029) was observed by the plate confrontation method combined with the method of inserting slides and staining. The pathogenic fungus and the biocontrol fungus AF-P1 with a diameter of 5 mm were inoculated at a distance of 2 cm from the midpoint of the PDA plate medium. Two sterile slides were symmetrically inserted on the perpendicular bisector of the two strains of bacteria and cultured in an inverted position at 28 °C until the hyphae of the two strains of bacteria climbed onto or intersected the slides and then the culture was stopped. At the same time, the pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum was inoculated alone as a control to observe the natural growth state of the pathogenic hyphae.

[0129] When the culture was stopped, the medium with an intersecting trend between the pathogenic fungus and the biocontrol fungus AF-P1 was cut off with a sterile scalpel and placed under a microscope to observe the morphology of the aerial hyphae; the medium was cut into thin slices with a scalpel, and the longitudinal section of the medium was placed under a microscope to observe the morphology of the substrate hyphae. Observe whether the hyphae of the pathogenic fungus show deformation, dissolution or parasitism. During the observation, cotton blue dye can be used for staining to facilitate the observation of the hyphal morphology.

[0130] The interaction between the biocontrol fungus AF-P1 and Fusarium oxysporum was observed through an optical microscope. During the confrontation between the pathogenic fungus and the biocontrol fungus AF-P1, their lytic effect and hyperparasitism were observed by using their natural diffusion and competition in the medium. When the two microorganisms meet in the medium, their interaction can be manifested at the contact interface.

[0131] In the plate confrontation test, take the hyphae at the edge of the pathogenic fungus close to the biocontrol fungus AF-P1 to make sections, and observe them under a microscope after treatment with cotton blue staining. The results are shown in Figure 6 . Figure 6 In A, the hyphae of Fusarium oxysporum grow normally, and the size of the scale bar is 36 μm;Figure 6 In which, B is Fusarium oxysporum confronting AF-P1, and the scale bar is 44 μm.

[0132] From Figure 6 It can be seen that under the natural growth state, that is, when not growing confrontationally with the biocontrol fungus AF-P1, the hyphae of the pathogen are smooth and naturally extended, with uniform thickness. Under the condition of interacting with the biocontrol fungus AF-P1, the hyphae of Fusarium oxysporum show obvious distortion, accompanied by protoplasm condensation. The hyphal internodes of Fusarium oxysporum confronting AF-P1 are shortened and swollen, which may be caused by the enzyme substances and active compounds secreted by the biocontrol fungus AF-P1.

[0133] Example 5: Test on the control effect of the biocontrol fungus AF-P1 against rice damping-off

[0134] 1. A fungal preparation, and its preparation method is specifically as follows:

[0135] Inoculate the biocontrol fungus Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 on PDA medium, culture it at 28 °C for 5 days. After the culture is completed, collect the mycelia and prepare a bacterial suspension with a bacterial activity of 1×10 7 CFU / mL to obtain the fungal preparation.

[0136] 2. Experimental design

[0137] Experimental materials:

[0138] Rice variety: Zhongkefa 5.

[0139] Pathogen: Fusarium oxysporum (strain number: CICC 41029).

[0140] Experimental treatments:

[0141] Blank control group: Neither inoculate the pathogen nor add the fungal preparation, denoted as CK.

[0142] Control group: Inoculate Fusarium oxysporum without adding the fungal preparation.

[0143] Treatment group: Inoculate Fusarium oxysporum and add the fungal preparation.

[0144] Set 3 parallel experiments for each group.

[0145] Pathogen culture: Inoculate Fusarium oxysporum on PDA medium and culture it in an incubator at 25 - 28 °C for 5 - 7 days.

[0146] Collect the spores and prepare a spore suspension with a concentration of about 1×10 6 spores / mL to obtain the spore suspension of Fusarium oxysporum.

[0147] Rice Seedling Raising and Inoculation

[0148] Seedling raising:

[0149] Select healthy rice seeds. The rice seeds are soaked in 75% alcohol for 30 s for the first disinfection. After taking out the seeds, they are soaked in 5% sodium hypochlorite for 1 min for the second disinfection, rinsed 3 times with sterile water to remove residual chlorine, and finally the water on the surface of the seeds is blotted dry for standby. The seeds are placed on double-layer absorbent filter paper in a 10-cm petri dish and moistened with 10 mL of distilled water. When the radicle appears 2 mm or longer, the seeds are considered to have germinated.

[0150] Sterilized nutrient soil is added to the seedling tray, and the germinated seeds are sown in the seedling tray, and the appropriate temperature and humidity are maintained for seedling raising.

[0151] The treatment method for the treatment group is as follows:

[0152] Inoculation with pathogenic bacteria:

[0153] When the rice seedlings grow to the 1-2 leaf stage, they are inoculated by pouring the spore suspension of Fusarium oxysporum into the root. The inoculation amount of Fusarium oxysporum in rice is 50 mL per tray.

[0154] Apply the fungal preparation in step 1: The fungal preparation in step 1 is applied 3 days before inoculating the pathogenic bacteria. The fungal preparation is poured into the root, that is, 3 days after the fungal preparation is poured into the root, Fusarium oxysporum is inoculated, and 50 mL of the fungal preparation is added per tray.

[0155] The control group does not pour the fungal preparation into the root, but irrigates an equal amount of sterile water instead of the fungal preparation, and inoculates the pathogenic bacteria at the same time as the treatment group 1.

[0156] The blank control group does not pour the spore suspension of Fusarium oxysporum into the root, nor does it pour the biocontrol fungal suspension into the root, but irrigates an equal amount of sterile water.

[0157] Seedling stage management

[0158] Environmental control:

[0159] Maintain the temperature at 25-30 °C and the humidity at 70%-80% to simulate the conditions suitable for the occurrence of diseases.

[0160] Water management:

[0161] Keep the soil moist and avoid being too dry or too wet.

[0162] Data collection

[0163] Randomly select 100 rice plants at the three-leaf and one-heart growth stage from each treatment group, and measure their stem base width, root number, root length, and plant height respectively. In addition, measure the fresh weight and dry weight of 100 rice plants in each treatment group. Through the comprehensive analysis of the above indicators, evaluate the disease incidence of rice and the control effect of biocontrol fungi.

[0164] Precautions

[0165] Sterile operation: When inoculating pathogenic bacteria and biocontrol fungi, ensure that the operation environment is sterile to avoid cross-contamination.

[0166] Test consistency: Keep the test conditions of each group consistent to reduce errors.

[0167] 3. The test results are shown in Tables 9 - 10.

[0168] Table 9 Detection results of rice plant growth indicators in different test groups

[0169] Item CK Control Group Treatment Group Plant Height (cm) 10.92±1.24b 11.07±2.03b 12.84±1.89a Root Length (Maximum) (cm) 3.39±0.87d 4.22±1.32c 4.55±0.97bc Stem Base Width (cm) 1.5628±0.1393a 1.3850±0.2972b 1.6623±0.1509a Number of Roots (pcs) 8.25±1.46b 7.18±1.82c 9.68±1.86a Aboveground Fresh Weight (g / plant) 0.0599 0.0427 0.0603 Aboveground Dry Weight (g / plant) 0.0100 0.0079 0.0113 Underground Fresh Weight (g / plant) 0.0588 0.0509 0.0759 Underground Dry Weight (g / plant) 0.0110 0.0105 0.0149

[0170] As can be seen from Table 9, after inoculating Fusarium oxysporum on rice seedlings, it had a significant adverse effect on rice seedlings, significantly reducing the stem base width and root number of rice plants. After inoculating Fusarium oxysporum, inoculating the biocontrol fungus AF-P1 could significantly alleviate the inhibitory effect of Fusarium oxysporum on the growth of rice plants. At the same time, compared with the blank control group, after inoculating the AF-P1 biocontrol fungus, it could also significantly promote the growth of rice plants, increasing the plant height, stem base width, root number, and plant fresh weight of rice, etc. Therefore, the AF-P1 biocontrol fungus can significantly improve the disease incidence of Fusarium oxysporum and, at the same time, promote the growth of rice.

[0171] For the statistics of the incidence of rice damping-off disease of rice plants at the three-leaf and one-heart growth stage in each treatment group, the incidence rate (%) = (number of diseased plants / total number of surveyed plants) × 100%.

[0172] The statistical results are shown in Table 10.

[0173] Table 10 Effect of AF-P1 on the incidence of rice damping-off disease

[0174] Group CK Control Group Treatment Group Incidence Rate (%) 7.72 16.9 2.86

[0175] As can be seen from Table 10, the AF-P1 biocontrol fungus can significantly improve the disease incidence of Fusarium oxysporum and reduce the incidence rate of rice damping-off disease.

[0176] Example 6 Test on the control effect of the AF-P1 biocontrol fungus against tomato wilt

[0177] 1. A fungal preparation, the preparation method is specifically as follows:

[0178] The biocontrol fungus Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 was inoculated onto PDA medium and cultured at 28 °C for 5 days. After culturing, the mycelium was collected and a bacterial suspension was prepared to make the viable bacteria of the bacterial suspension be 1×10 7 CFU / mL, obtaining a fungal preparation.

[0179] 2. Experimental design

[0180] Experimental materials:

[0181] Tomato variety: Tall-vine big red.

[0182] Pathogenic bacterium: Fusarium oxysporum (strain number: CICC 41029).

[0183] Experimental treatments:

[0184] Blank control group: Neither inoculated with the pathogenic bacterium nor added with the fungal preparation, denoted as CK.

[0185] Control group: Inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum without adding the fungal preparation.

[0186] Treatment group: Inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum and at the same time added with the fungal preparation.

[0187] Three parallel experiments were set up for each group.

[0188] Pathogenic bacterium culture

[0189] Culture of Fusarium oxysporum: Fusarium oxysporum was inoculated onto PDA medium and cultured in an incubator at 25-28 °C for 5-7 days. The spores were collected and a spore suspension was prepared to make its concentration be about 1×10 6 spores / mL, obtaining a spore suspension of Fusarium oxysporum.

[0190] Tomato seedling raising and inoculation

[0191] Seedling raising:

[0192] Healthy tomato seeds were selected and soaked in 75% alcohol for 30 s for the first disinfection. After taking out the seeds, they were then soaked in sodium hypochlorite with a mass fraction of available chlorine of 5% for 1 min for the second disinfection, rinsed 3 times with sterile water to remove the residual chlorine, and finally the surface moisture of the seeds was blotted dry for standby.

[0193] The culture dishes, filter papers, forceps and pipette tips used in the experiment were all sterilized by high-temperature steam at 121 °C for 20 min. Two filter papers were placed in each petri dish, and the pre-sterilized tomato seeds (50 seeds per dish) were placed between the two filter papers. 15 mL of fermentation supernatant was added to each dish, and each dilution gradient was repeated 3 times and cultured at room temperature. The germination was recorded when the radicle of the tomato seeds was significantly exposed.

[0194] Add sterilized nutrient soil to the seedling tray, sow the germinated seeds in the seedling tray, and keep appropriate temperature and humidity for seedling raising.

[0195] The treatment method for the treatment group is as follows:

[0196] Inoculate the pathogenic bacteria: When the tomato seedlings grow to 3 - 4 true leaves, irrigate the roots with a spore suspension of Fusarium oxysporum. The inoculation amount of Fusarium oxysporum is 50 mL per tray.

[0197] Apply the fungal preparation in step 1: Apply the fungal preparation in step 1 3 days before inoculating the pathogenic bacteria. Irrigate the roots with the fungal preparation, that is, 3 days after irrigating the roots with the fungal preparation, then inoculate Fusarium oxysporum, and add 50 mL of the fungal preparation per tray.

[0198] The control group does not irrigate the roots with the fungal preparation, but irrigates an equal amount of sterile water instead of the fungal preparation, and inoculates the pathogenic bacteria at the same time as the treatment group.

[0199] The blank control group does not irrigate the roots with the spore suspension of Fusarium oxysporum, nor with the biocontrol fungal suspension, but irrigates an equal amount of sterile water.

[0200] Seedling stage management

[0201] Environmental control: Keep the temperature at 25 - 30 °C and the humidity at 70% - 80% to simulate the conditions suitable for the occurrence of diseases.

[0202] Water management: Keep the soil moist and avoid being too dry or too wet.

[0203] Data collection

[0204] Measure the plant growth indicators 30 days after inoculating the biocontrol fungi, and measure their root length, fresh weight and dry weight respectively. Through the comprehensive analysis of the above indicators. At the same time, count the incidence of tomatoes, and the method is the same as in Example 5.

[0205] Precautions

[0206] Sterile operation: Ensure that the operation environment is sterile when inoculating the pathogenic bacteria and biocontrol fungi to avoid cross - contamination.

[0207] Test consistency: Keep the test conditions of each group consistent to reduce errors.

[0208] 3. The test results are shown in Tables 11 - 12.

[0209] Table 11 Detection results of tomato plant growth indicators in different test groups

[0210] Item CK Control Group Treatment Group Root Length (cm) 32.20±2.11ab 23.70±3.84d 33.10±0.97a Aboveground Fresh Weight (g) 8.7719±0.3410b 3.3547±0.6167e 6.9743±0.7189c Aboveground Dry Weight (g) 0.5507±0.0291b 0.2865±0.0201e 0.3955±0.0110c Underground Fresh Weight (g) 1.0981±0.1139a 0.3347±0.0177c 0.7200±0.0607b Underground Dry Weight (g) 0.0547±0.0031b 0.0228±0.0037d 0.0483±0.0043c

[0211] As can be seen from Table 11, after the tomato was inoculated with the pathogen Fusarium oxysporum, the root length, above-ground fresh weight, above-ground dry weight, underground fresh weight, and underground root weight all decreased significantly. It can be seen that Fusarium oxysporum significantly inhibited the growth of tomatoes. For the treatment group inoculated with strain AF-P1 and Fusarium oxysporum, compared with the treatment group inoculated only with Fusarium oxysporum, the root length, above-ground fresh weight, above-ground dry weight, underground fresh weight, and underground root weight of tomatoes were significantly increased. It can be seen that strain AF-P1 can significantly improve the disease incidence of Fusarium oxysporum.

[0212] Table 12 Incidence of tomato plants in different experimental groups

[0213] Group CK Control Group Treatment Group Incidence Rate (%) 18 30 9

[0214] As can be seen from Table 12, the biocontrol fungus AF-P1 can significantly improve the disease incidence of Fusarium oxysporum and reduce the incidence of tomato wilt.

[0215] Although the above embodiments have described the present invention in detail, they are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. People can also obtain other embodiments based on these embodiments without creative efforts, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A disease-resistant and growth-promoting Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1, characterized in that, The preservation number of Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 is CGMCC No. 41803.

2. A fungal preparation, characterized in that, Comprising the Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 as described in claim 1 and / or its fermentation product.

3. The fungal preparation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The viable count of Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 in the fungal preparation is 1×10 7 ~1×10 9 CFU / mL.

4. The preparation method of the fungal preparation according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, Comprising: Culturing the Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 in a culture medium to obtain a fungal preparation.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The temperature of the culturing is 25-30 °C, and the time of the culturing is 5-7 d.

6. Use of the Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 as described in claim 1, the fungal preparation as described in claim 2 or 3, or the fungal preparation prepared by the preparation method as described in claim 4 or 5 in the preparation of a product for inhibiting harmful bacteria.

7. The application according to claim 6, characterized in that, The harmful bacteria include any one or more of Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium acuminatum, Pythium aristosporum, Didymella bryoniae, and Phomopsis vexans.

8. Use of the Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 as described in claim 1, the fungal preparation as described in claim 2 or 3, or the fungal preparation prepared by the preparation method as described in claim 4 or 5 in promoting the growth of rice and / or controlling rice diseases; the rice diseases include rice damping-off.

9. Use of the Penicillium oxalicum AF-P1 as described in claim 1, the fungal preparation as described in claim 2 or 3, or the fungal preparation prepared by the preparation method as described in claim 4 or 5 in controlling tomato wilt.

10. A method for promoting plant growth and / or disease control, characterized in that, Comprising: Applying the fungal preparation as described in claim 2 or 3 during the growth process of plants.

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